CN216563301U - Heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and battery - Google Patents
Heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN216563301U CN216563301U CN202122381244.7U CN202122381244U CN216563301U CN 216563301 U CN216563301 U CN 216563301U CN 202122381244 U CN202122381244 U CN 202122381244U CN 216563301 U CN216563301 U CN 216563301U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model provides a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and a battery, belonging to the technical field of energy storage batteries and comprising a heat pipe body and an accommodating cavity connected with the heat pipe body; a heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity and used for inerting the electrolyte when the battery is out of control due to heat; the containing cavity is provided with a pressure burst opening. According to the utility model, the heat-conducting inerting medium and the electrolyte are subjected to saponification reaction to inert the electrolyte, so that the battery is prevented from further heating, the purpose of inhibiting thermal runaway is achieved, and the condition of fire or explosion can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries, relates to the safety technology of energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and a battery.
Background
In recent years, with the wide application of lithium batteries, people pay more and more attention to the safety problem of lithium batteries. Short circuit of the battery, overcharge of the battery when the battery exceeds the maximum current or the maximum voltage, decomposition of the electrolyte when the battery is exposed to a high temperature environment, etc. may cause high-pressure and high-temperature gas to be generated inside the battery, cause deformation of the case of the battery, shorten the service life of the battery, and may cause fire or explosion in severe cases.
The electrolyte of a general lithium battery is generally a mixed solution formed by dissolving lithium hexafluorophosphate in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the non-aqueous solvent mainly comprises ester substances such as ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate; the text of the research on the thermal stability of the lithium battery electrolyte shows that the electrolyte changes when the temperature reaches 60-85 ℃, and lithium hexafluorophosphate is decomposed endothermically when the temperature is higher than 150 ℃ and reaches the maximum endothermic decomposition speed at 225 ℃. At present, the decomposition of the high-pressure high-temperature gas is mainly inhibited by spraying a fire extinguishing agent into an electrolyte cavity to prevent the battery from catching fire, but the method cannot fundamentally control the continuous decomposition and generation of the high-pressure high-temperature gas when the battery is out of control, and the battery still has the risk of explosion.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and a battery, aiming at the problems that the prior art can not fundamentally control the continuous decomposition and generation of high-pressure and high-temperature gas when the battery is out of control due to heat and the battery has explosion risk.
According to the utility model, the heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity, so that the heat generated by the normal operation of the battery cell can be transferred to the evaporation section of the heat pipe by the heat conduction inerting medium; meanwhile, when the battery is out of control due to heat, the pressure bursting opening is opened under the pressure of gas generated by the out of control due to heat, the heat-conducting inerting medium is released from the accommodating cavity and is subjected to saponification reaction with the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte is inerted, the out of control due to heat is inhibited, and the condition of ignition or explosion can be effectively prevented.
A heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte comprises a heat pipe body and an accommodating cavity connected with the heat pipe body; a heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity and used for inerting the electrolyte when the battery is out of control due to heat; the accommodating cavity is provided with a pressure burst opening.
Further limited, the heat-conducting inerting medium is ammonia water, sodium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium hydroxide saturated solution, sodium methoxide alcoholic solution, sodium ethoxide alcoholic solution or tert-butoxide alcoholic solution.
Further limiting, a heat conducting working medium and a liquid absorbing core are arranged in the heat pipe body, the heat conducting working medium is a heat inerting medium, and the liquid level of the heat conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity is in contact connection with the liquid absorbing core of the heat pipe body.
Further defined, a seal assembly is disposed at the pressure relief opening.
Further defined, the pressure breach is disposed on an upper surface of the receiving cavity; the accommodating cavity is of a disc-shaped cavity structure or a square cavity structure.
Further, the sealing component is a thin-wall annular groove, a venting film or a fusible metal piece.
Further, the wick in the heat pipe body is a single-layer mesh core, a multi-layer mesh core, a sintered powder tube core or an axial channel type tube core.
A battery comprises an electric core and the heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte, wherein the electric core is connected with a heat pipe body and a containing cavity.
Further inject, the electric core is coiling type electric core, the electrode plate of coiling type electric core encircles in the outside of heat pipe body, just coiling type electric core is arranged in and is held the cavity, carries out the bearing to coiling type electric core through holding the cavity.
Further inject, the electric core is square electric core, the outside distribution of square electric core has a plurality of heat pipe bodies, and a plurality of heat pipe bodies all contact with square electric core, square electric core is arranged in and is held on the cavity, carries out the bearing to square electric core through holding the cavity.
Further limiting, the battery further comprises a battery box, an inner cavity of the battery box is an electrolyte cavity, and the accommodating cavity and the battery core are both arranged in the electrolyte cavity; the evaporation section of the heat pipe body is arranged in the electrolyte cavity, and the condensation section penetrates through the battery box and is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity; the sum of the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the heat pipe body and the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the accommodating cavity is more than or equal to 2 times of the filling amount of the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model relates to a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte, which comprises a heat pipe body and an accommodating cavity connected with the heat pipe body, wherein a heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity, and a pressure burst opening is arranged on the accommodating cavity. The heat conduction inerting medium in the accommodating cavity can conduct heat generated by the battery core to the heat pipe body when the battery core normally works, and the heat is guided out and cooled through the heat pipe body. If the battery is out of control thermally, the pressure burst port is opened by the air pressure of gas generated in the electrolyte cavity, the heat conduction inerting medium in the accommodating cavity is released into the electrolyte cavity along the pressure burst port and is subjected to saponification reaction with the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity, the heat conduction inerting medium is an alkali substance, the non-aqueous solvent in the electrolyte is an ester substance, the saponification reaction is performed between the heat conduction inerting medium and the ester substance to generate solid-state substance carboxylate, the content of the non-aqueous solvent in the electrolyte is generally 80-90%, and the non-aqueous solvent can be subjected to thermal decomposition in a high-temperature environment to generate combustible gas. After saponification, the viscosity of the electrolyte is increased, or the electrolyte is solidified, so that the balance environment of the electrolyte solution is destroyed, positive ions and negative ions in the electrolyte are slowly moved or stopped moving, a non-aqueous solvent is not used for gas decomposition, the purpose of inhibiting thermal runaway is achieved, and the occurrence of fire or explosion can be effectively prevented.
2. The heat-conducting inerting medium is ammonia water, sodium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium hydroxide saturated solution, sodium methoxide alcoholic solution, sodium ethoxide alcoholic solution or tert-butanol alcoholic solution. Both water and alcohols can meet the requirements as causative agents, and these substances are alkaline substances and also can meet the requirements for saponification.
3. The sealing assembly is arranged at the pressure breakthrough opening, the sealing assembly can open the pressure breakthrough opening only when the gas pressure in the electrolyte cavity reaches the limit, the pressure breakthrough opening is in a sealing state when the battery normally works, and the heat conduction inerting medium is prevented from being leaked to influence the work of the battery.
4. The battery comprises an electric core and the heat pipe capable of inerting the electrolyte, wherein the electric core is connected with both the heat pipe body and the accommodating cavity; if the battery cell is a winding battery cell, an electrode sheet of the winding battery cell surrounds the outer side of the heat pipe body, so that heat generated by the battery cell during working can be effectively led out, and the winding battery cell can be supported by the heat pipe body; the winding type battery cell is arranged on the accommodating cavity, and the winding type battery cell can be supported through the accommodating cavity; if electric core is square electric core, it has a plurality of heat pipe bodies to distribute in the outside of square electric core, and a plurality of heat pipe bodies all contact with square electric core, conduct the heat that electric core during operation produced through a plurality of heat pipe bodies, can improve the radiating efficiency of square electric core, arrange square electric core in and hold the cavity on, carry out the bearing to square electric core through holding the cavity.
5. The battery also comprises a battery box, wherein the inner cavity of the battery box is an electrolyte cavity, and the sum of the charging amount of the heat-conducting inerting medium in the heat pipe body and the charging amount of the heat-conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity is more than or equal to 2 times of the charging amount of the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity, so that the heat-conducting inerting medium can fully react with the electrolyte, the electrolyte can be completely inerted in a short time, and the control efficiency of thermal runaway of the battery is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat pipe according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe according to embodiment 3;
the heat pipe comprises a heat pipe body 1, a containing cavity 2, a thin-wall annular groove 3, an explosion venting film 4 and a fusible metal sheet 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments explained below.
The utility model discloses a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte, which comprises a heat pipe body 1 and an accommodating cavity 2 connected with the heat pipe body 1; a heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity 2 and is used for inerting the electrolyte when the battery is out of control due to heat; the accommodating cavity 2 is provided with a pressure breakthrough. The heat-conducting inerting medium is ammonia water, sodium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium hydroxide saturated solution, sodium methoxide alcoholic solution, sodium ethoxide alcoholic solution or tert-butanol sodium alcoholic solution. The heat conducting working medium in the heat pipe body 1 is a heat conducting inerting medium, and the liquid level of the heat conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity 2 is in contact connection with the liquid absorption core of the heat pipe body 1. The pressure breakthrough opening is provided with a sealing component. The pressure bursting opening is arranged on the upper surface of the accommodating cavity 2; the accommodating cavity 2 is a disc-shaped cavity structure or a square cavity structure. The sealing component is a thin-wall annular groove 3, a venting film 4 or a fusible metal piece 5. The liquid absorption core in the heat pipe body 1 is a single-layer mesh core, a multi-layer mesh core, a sintered powder pipe core or an axial channel type pipe core.
The liquid absorption core is arranged in a steam flowing cavity of the heat pipe body, and a heat-conducting medium, namely a heat-conducting inerting medium is filled in a condensate liquid backflow cavity of the heat pipe body and continuously circulates between the steam flowing cavity and the condensate liquid backflow cavity.
The battery comprises a battery cell and the heat pipe capable of inerting the electrolyte, wherein the battery cell is connected with the heat pipe body 1 and the accommodating cavity 2. The electric core is coiling type electric core, and the electrode plate of coiling type electric core encircles in the outside of heat pipe body 1, and coiling type electric core arrange in and hold cavity 2 on, carry out the bearing to coiling type electric core through holding cavity 2. Electric core is square electric core, and the outside distribution of square electric core has a plurality of heat pipe bodies 1, and a plurality of heat pipe bodies 1 all with square electric core contact, square electric core arrange in hold cavity 2 on, carry out the bearing to square electric core through holding cavity 2. The battery also comprises a battery box, the inner cavity of the battery box is an electrolyte cavity, and the accommodating cavity 2 and the battery core are both arranged in the electrolyte cavity; the evaporation section of the heat pipe body 1 is arranged in the electrolyte cavity, and the condensation section penetrates through the battery box and is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity; the sum of the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the heat pipe body 1 and the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the accommodating cavity 2 is more than or equal to 2 times of the filling amount of the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to the embodiment includes a heat pipe body 1 and an accommodating cavity 2 connected to the heat pipe body 1, a heat conducting inerting medium is filled in an inner cavity of the heat pipe body 1, a pressure bursting opening is arranged on an upper end surface of the accommodating cavity 2, and the pressure bursting opening is a weak portion arranged on the accommodating cavity 2; the heat conducting working medium in the heat pipe body 1 is a heat conducting inerting medium, the liquid level of the heat conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity 2 is in contact connection with the liquid absorbing core of the heat pipe body 1, namely the accommodating cavity of the accommodating cavity 2 is communicated with the condensate liquid reflux cavity and the steam flow cavity of the evaporation section of the heat pipe body 1; the heat conduction inerting medium is used for inerting the electrolyte when the battery is in thermal runaway.
The pressure breakthrough port of this embodiment department is provided with seal assembly, and it is sealed with pressure breakthrough port department through seal assembly, prevents that pressure breakthrough port department from revealing heat conduction inerting medium, influences the normal work of electrolyte.
Preferably, the sealing component of the present embodiment is a thin-walled annular groove 3 surrounding the outside of the heat pipe body 1. The wall thickness of the annular thin-wall annular groove 3 is one third of that of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 2, so that the air pressure in the electrolyte cavity can reach 0.5MPa, and the pressure burst opening can be opened, so that the heat-conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity 2 is released.
It should be noted that the pressure relief port of the present embodiment may be provided not only on the upper end surface of the accommodation chamber 2 but also on the side end surface of the accommodation chamber 2.
Preferably, the accommodating chamber 2 of the present embodiment has a disk-shaped chamber structure.
Preferably, the wick in the heat pipe body 1 of the present embodiment is a multi-layer mesh wick.
Preferably, the heat-conducting inerting medium of the present embodiment is a saturated solution of sodium hydroxide.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a sealing assembly of this embodiment is a bursting disk 4 disposed at a pressure breakthrough port, the bursting disk 4 is disposed at a central position of an upper end surface of a receiving cavity 2, a thickness of the bursting disk 4 is 0.3 mm, and the bursting disk can enable an air pressure in an electrolyte cavity to reach 0.5MPa, and can open the pressure breakthrough port, so that a heat-conducting inerting medium in the receiving cavity 2 is released.
Preferably, the accommodating cavity 2 of the present embodiment is a square cavity structure.
Preferably, the wick in the heat pipe body 1 of the present embodiment is a sintered powder wick.
Preferably, the heat-conducting inerting medium of the present embodiment is a saturated solution of potassium hydroxide.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a sealing assembly of this embodiment is a fusible metal part 5 disposed at a side portion of a heat pipe body 1, the fusible metal part 5 is disposed at an upper end surface of an accommodating cavity 2, and the fusible metal part 5 can be dissolved when a temperature in an electrolyte cavity reaches 150 ℃, so as to open the accommodating cavity and release a heat-conducting inerting medium in the accommodating cavity 2.
Preferably, the fusible metal part 5 of the present embodiment is a fusible metal sheet.
Preferably, the accommodating cavity 2 of the present embodiment is a square cavity structure.
Preferably, the wick in the heat pipe body 1 of the present embodiment is an axial channel wick.
Preferably, the heat-conducting inerting medium of the present embodiment is sodium methoxide alcohol solution.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
The thermally conductive inerting medium according to the utility model can be, in addition to the substances specified in the above examples, aqueous ammonia, alcoholic sodium ethoxide or alcoholic sodium tert-butoxide. The electrolyte inerting is that a heat-conducting inerting medium and an electrolyte are subjected to saponification reaction (the heat-conducting inerting medium is an alkali substance, a non-aqueous solvent in the electrolyte is an ester substance, and the saponification reaction is carried out between the heat-conducting inerting medium and the electrolyte), so that the viscosity of the electrolyte is increased, or the electrolyte is solidified, the balance environment of the electrolyte solution is destroyed, and positive ions and negative ions in the electrolyte are subjected to slow moving migration or migration stopping, so that the battery is prevented from further heating, and the purpose of inhibiting thermal runaway is achieved; the wick in the heat pipe body 1 of the present invention may also be a single-layer mesh wick.
The utility model has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte is characterized by comprising a heat pipe body and an accommodating cavity connected with the heat pipe body; a heat conduction inerting medium is filled in the accommodating cavity and used for inerting the electrolyte when the battery is out of control due to heat; the accommodating cavity is provided with a pressure burst opening.
2. A heat pipe capable of inerting an electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the heat-conducting inerting medium is ammonia, a saturated solution of sodium hydroxide, a saturated solution of potassium hydroxide, a saturated solution of sodium methoxide alcohol, a saturated solution of sodium ethoxide alcohol, or a saturated solution of sodium tert-butoxide alcohol.
3. A heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to claim 2, wherein a heat conducting working medium and a wick are disposed in the heat pipe body, the heat conducting working medium is a heat conducting inerting medium, and the liquid level of the heat conducting inerting medium in the accommodating chamber is in contact connection with the wick of the heat pipe body.
4. A heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to claim 3, wherein the pressure relief vent is provided with a seal assembly.
5. A heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte according to claim 4, wherein the pressure breach is provided in an upper surface of the receiving chamber; the accommodating cavity is of a disc-shaped cavity structure or a square cavity structure.
6. A heat pipe capable of inerting an electrolyte according to claim 5, wherein the sealing member is a thin-walled annular groove, a vent membrane or a fusible metal member.
7. A heat pipe capable of inerting an electrolyte according to claim 6, wherein the wick within the body of the heat pipe is a single layer wick, a multi-layer wick, a sintered powder wick, or an axially channeled wick.
8. A battery comprising a cell and a heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte as defined in any of claims 3 to 7, the cell being connected to both the heat pipe body and the receiving cavity.
9. The battery of claim 8, wherein the battery cell is a winding battery cell, an electrode plate of the winding battery cell surrounds the outside of the heat pipe body, and the winding battery cell is disposed on the accommodating cavity, and the winding battery cell is supported by the accommodating cavity.
10. The battery of claim 9, wherein the battery cell is a square battery cell, a plurality of heat pipe bodies are distributed on the outer side of the square battery cell, and are all in contact with the square battery cell, the square battery cell is placed on the accommodating cavity, and the square battery cell is supported through the accommodating cavity.
11. The battery of claim 10, further comprising a battery box, wherein the inner cavity of the battery box is an electrolyte chamber, and the accommodating chamber and the battery cell are both disposed in the electrolyte chamber; the evaporation section of the heat pipe body is arranged in the electrolyte cavity, and the condensation section penetrates through the battery box and is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity; the sum of the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the heat pipe body and the filling amount of the heat conduction inerting medium in the accommodating cavity is more than or equal to 2 times of the filling amount of the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122381244.7U CN216563301U (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122381244.7U CN216563301U (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216563301U true CN216563301U (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122381244.7U Active CN216563301U (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Heat pipe capable of inerting electrolyte and battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216563301U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202122381244.7U patent/CN216563301U/en active Active
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