CN210040268U - Single battery with heat management function - Google Patents
Single battery with heat management function Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210040268U CN210040268U CN201921108776.XU CN201921108776U CN210040268U CN 210040268 U CN210040268 U CN 210040268U CN 201921108776 U CN201921108776 U CN 201921108776U CN 210040268 U CN210040268 U CN 210040268U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- change material
- battery cell
- phase change
- foamed aluminum
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery cell with thermal management function, relate to battery technical field, this battery cell is used for the battery case of encapsulation electric core to make based on foamed aluminum matrix and phase change material, phase change material fills in foamed aluminum matrix and can absorb the heat that electric core sent because of self chemical reaction, when electric core generates heat unusually, phase change material can absorb the heat of electric core rapidly and become the liquid state then and become the gaseous state then break through the tired breach portion that presets on the battery case and spill over the release, because the energy of electric core all is absorbed by phase change material, therefore it does not have the energy to continue to heat up, fundamentally has avoided the battery cell thermal runaway to catch fire just, guarantee battery cell's safety in utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery technique and specifically relates to a battery cell with heat management function.
Background
With the rapid development of energy storage technology, a battery cabinet has become an important device for reliable power supply of a power system, and a large number of single batteries are installed in the battery cabinet and are charged and discharged to provide power output. However, the single batteries may be subjected to thermal runaway due to heat release and accumulation of chemical reactions of the single batteries during storage or use, and a large number of single batteries are closely arranged in the battery cabinet in an array structure, so that one single battery can rapidly affect other single batteries after being ignited, other single batteries can be damaged, and even the whole battery cabinet can be damaged or even a larger fire disaster is caused. At present, usually, an alarm device is arranged on a battery cabinet, the alarm device gives an alarm after detecting that a single battery is on fire, then an operator carries out artificial fire extinguishing, but the inside of the single battery stores a large amount of energy, so that the fire extinguishing speed is very high, and the fire extinguishing effect is not ideal.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The invention provides a single battery with a heat management function aiming at the problems and the technical requirements, wherein a battery shell of the single battery is made of a foamed aluminum matrix and a phase-change material, and the phase-change material can absorb heat of a battery core, so that thermal runaway of the single battery is avoided from the source, and the use safety of the single battery is ensured.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a single battery with a heat management function comprises a battery shell and a battery core packaged in the battery shell, wherein the battery shell comprises a metal shell body, a foamed aluminum matrix and a phase-change material, the metal shell body is of a double-layer hollow structure, the battery core is packaged in a cavity on the inner side of an inner layer of the metal shell body, the foamed aluminum matrix is arranged in the hollow structure between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal shell body, the foamed aluminum matrix is of a porous structure, the inner communication holes are mutually communicated, the phase-change material is filled in the communication holes of the foamed aluminum matrix, the pore diameter of the communication holes of the foamed aluminum matrix is matched with the surface tension of the phase-change material, the phase-change material is filled in the communication holes of the foamed aluminum matrix under the action of the surface tension when the phase-change material absorbs the heat of the battery core to be in a liquid state, the phase-change material, the metal shell body is provided with a fatigue gap portion in advance, and the metal shell body is broken from the fatigue gap portion to release gas when receiving the pressure of the internal gas.
The further technical proposal is that the phase-change material is water, and the aperture of the communicating hole of the foamed aluminum matrix is 5 mm.
The further technical scheme is that the positive pole and the negative pole of the single battery are led out from one end of the battery core, the battery shell comprises a shell part and an end cover part, the shell part and a metal shell body of the end cover part are welded together to form the battery shell, the end cover part is positioned at the other end, opposite to the positive pole and the negative pole, of the battery core, and a gap is reserved at a welding seam part between the end cover part and the shell part to form a fatigue gap part on the metal shell body of the battery shell.
The further technical proposal is that a gap of 0.1-1mm is reserved at the welding seam part between the end cover part and the shell part.
The utility model has the beneficial technical effects that:
the application discloses battery cell with thermal management function, this battery cell is used for encapsulating battery shell of electric core and makes based on foamed aluminum matrix and phase change material, phase change material fills in foamed aluminum matrix and can absorb the heat that electric core sent because of self chemical reaction, when electric core generates heat unusually, phase change material can absorb the heat of electric core rapidly and become the liquid state then become the gaseous state then break through the tired breach portion of presetting on the battery shell and spill over the release, because the energy of electric core all is absorbed by phase change material, consequently it does not have the energy and continues to heat up, just also fundamentally has avoided battery cell thermal runaway to catch fire, guarantee battery cell's safety in utilization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a unit battery having a thermal management function disclosed in the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a unit cell with a thermal management function as disclosed herein.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application discloses a single battery with a thermal management function, please refer to the cross-sectional view of fig. 1, the single battery includes a battery case 1 and a battery cell 2 packaged inside the battery case 1, a positive pole 3 and a negative pole 3 of the single battery are led out from one end of the battery cell 2, the single battery in the application is usually used in cooperation with a battery cabinet, and the single battery is inserted into the battery cabinet through one end of the positive pole 3 and one end of the negative pole 3 to perform corresponding wiring to provide power output.
The battery shell 1 comprises a metal shell body 11, a foamed aluminum matrix 12 and a phase-change material 13, wherein the metal shell body 11 is of a double-layer hollow structure, a cavity for accommodating the battery core 2 is formed in the whole battery shell 1 on the inner side of the inner layer of the metal shell body, and the battery core 2 is packaged in the cavity on the inner side of the inner layer of the metal shell body 11.
The foamed aluminum substrate 12 is disposed in a hollow structure between the inner and outer layers of the metal casing body 11, each inner wall of the metal casing body 11 covers the surface layer of the foamed aluminum substrate 12, and the foamed aluminum substrate 12 has a porous structure and internal communication holes communicated with each other.
The phase change material 13 is filled in the interconnected pores of the foamed aluminum matrix 12, and in operation, the foamed aluminum matrix 12 is immersed when the phase change material 13 is in a liquid state and then cooled to become a solid state, so that the phase change material 13 is stably filled in the interconnected pores in the solid state. When the single battery works, the battery core 2 is operated to generate heat, the phase change material 13 absorbs the heat of the battery core 2 and turns into a liquid state, in this application, the aperture of the communication hole of the foamed aluminum matrix 12 matches with the surface tension of the phase change material 13, so that when the phase change material 13 turns into a liquid state, the phase change material is still stably filled in the communication hole of the foamed aluminum matrix 12 under the action of the surface tension without overflowing, and thus the normal operation of the single battery is not affected. In the present application, water is usually used as the phase change material 13, and the pore size of the communicating pores of the foamed aluminum substrate 12 matches the surface tension of water by 5 mm. The phase change material 13 continuously absorbs the heat of the battery cell 2, and changes from a liquid state to a gas state, and at this time, the gas overflows from the communication hole and generates pressure on the metal shell body 11.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present application, a fatigue notch portion 4 is pre-formed in a metal shell body 11, and the fatigue notch portion receives the maximum stress when the metal shell body 11 is pressurized, so that the metal shell body 11 is ruptured by internal gas to release gas from the fatigue notch portion. The present application is embodied in that the battery case 1 includes a case portion 1a and an end cap portion 1b, the case portion 1a and the end cap portion 1b are respectively made of a metal case body, a foamed aluminum matrix, and a phase change material in the above-described structure, and the metal case bodies of the case portion 1a and the end cap portion 1b are welded together to form the entire battery case 1. The end cover portion 1b is located at the other end of the battery cell 2 opposite to the positive and negative poles 3, and a gap is reserved in the weld joint portion between the end cover portion 1b and the case portion 1a, and since the gap is small, fig. 2 does not show the structure of the gap in detail, that is, the fatigue fracture portion 4 formed on the metal case body of the battery case 1, and the gap is usually set to 0.1-1 mm.
When the single battery disclosed by the application is used, one end of the positive pole and the negative pole of the single battery are inserted into the battery cabinet, and the other end of the positive pole and the negative pole face the outside of the battery cabinet, namely the end cover part 1b faces the outside of the battery cabinet. When the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell 2 rises continuously due to heat release and accumulation of the chemical reaction of the battery cell 2 in the working process, the heat absorbed by the phase-change material 13 from the battery cell 2 is changed into a liquid state and then into a gaseous state, in practical application, the filling amount of the phase-change material 13 can be designed according to the stored energy of the battery cell 2, so that the phase-change material is changed into the gaseous state after absorbing all the energy of the battery cell 2, after the phase-change material 13 absorbs the heat and changes into the gaseous state, the battery shell 1 is broken from the fatigue gap part 4 to release the gas, and the energy of the battery cell 2 is absorbed by the phase-change material 13, so that the temperature of the battery cell. Also, the fatigue notch portion 4 is provided at the end cover portion 1b of the unit cell toward the outside of the battery case, so that the release of gas does not affect the operation of other unit cells in the battery case.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derivable or suggested by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are to be considered as included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A single battery with a heat management function, the single battery comprising a battery housing and a battery cell packaged inside the battery housing, the battery housing comprising a metal housing body, a foamed aluminum substrate and a phase change material, wherein the metal housing body is of a double-layer hollow structure, the battery cell is packaged in a cavity inside an inner layer of the metal housing body, the foamed aluminum substrate is arranged in the hollow structure between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal housing body, the foamed aluminum substrate is of a porous structure and has internal communication holes communicated with each other, the phase change material is filled in the communication holes of the foamed aluminum substrate, the pore size of the communication holes of the foamed aluminum substrate matches with the surface tension of the phase change material, and the phase change material is filled in the communication holes of the foamed aluminum substrate under the action of the surface tension when the phase change material absorbs heat of the battery cell to become a liquid state, the phase-change material overflows from the communication hole and generates pressure on the metal shell body when continuously absorbing the heat of the battery cell and changing into a gas state, a fatigue notch part is preset on the metal shell body, and the metal shell body is broken to release gas from the fatigue notch part when receiving the pressure of internal gas.
2. The cell according to claim 1, wherein the phase change material is water, and the pore diameter of the communication pores of the foamed aluminum substrate is 5 mm.
3. The battery cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the battery cell leads out positive and negative poles forming the battery cell, the battery casing comprises a casing part and an end cover part, the casing part and a metal casing body of the end cover part are welded together to form the battery casing, the end cover part is located at the other end of the battery cell opposite to the positive and negative poles, and a gap is reserved at a welding seam part between the end cover part and the casing part to form the fatigue notch part on the metal casing body of the battery casing.
4. The battery cell according to claim 3, wherein a gap of 0.1-1mm is reserved at the weld between the end cover part and the housing part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921108776.XU CN210040268U (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Single battery with heat management function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921108776.XU CN210040268U (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Single battery with heat management function |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210040268U true CN210040268U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921108776.XU Active CN210040268U (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Single battery with heat management function |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN210040268U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114361670A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Upper cover structure of power battery pack for vehicle |
| CN114725599A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery with buffer structure |
-
2019
- 2019-07-15 CN CN201921108776.XU patent/CN210040268U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114361670A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Upper cover structure of power battery pack for vehicle |
| CN114725599A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery with buffer structure |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240429 Address after: 1708, 17th Floor, Building 2, No. 9 Guang'an Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100055 Patentee after: Beijing Dongfang Xiangshun Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 214000, 228 Xinzhou Road, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Jiangsu Yuanrui New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |