CN216418118U - Passive vehicle-mounted spraying system and battery pack assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lithium ion battery technical field discloses a passive form on-vehicle spraying system and battery package subassembly, and this spraying system is used for the battery package, the battery package includes lower casing and locates the upper cover of lower casing upper end, be equipped with the battery module in the inner chamber of lower casing, the battery module includes a plurality of electricity core, passive form on-vehicle spraying system is including setting up the below of upper cover and with the baffle of upper cover connection, be provided with sealed space in the baffle or the baffle encloses jointly with the upper cover and forms the sealed space, be provided with fire extinguishing agent in the sealed space; when the battery core is in thermal runaway, the partition board can be broken down by flame sprayed by the battery core, so that the fire extinguishing agent is released. The utility model discloses an on-vehicle spraying system of passive form can in time, accurately spray and put out a fire the cooling under the condition that does not use the initiative monitor control means to improve the validity of putting out a fire.

Description

Passive vehicle-mounted spraying system and battery pack assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a lithium ion battery technical field especially relates to an on-vehicle spraying system of passive form and battery package subassembly.

Background

The global warming and environmental pollution caused by overuse of fossil fuels is becoming more serious, and people are urged to continuously pursue cleaner and more environment-friendly energy sources. As advanced energy storage devices, Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) are considered as an important means for realizing clean energy globally. Due to its high energy density, long cycle life and no memory effect, it is widely used in many fields such as electronic devices, electric vehicles and energy storage systems. However, frequent fire accidents of LIBs also expose their safety defects, which become bottlenecks in the further development of LIB batteries.

When the LIB thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of heat can be released in a short time, and the jet flame can extend for dozens of centimeters, so that the common thermal protection means cannot stop the thermal runaway at all. At present, more and more electric automobiles link an automatic fire extinguishing system with a battery management system, when an alarm monitors signals, a fire extinguishing spraying system directly sprays high-efficiency fire extinguishing agents onto a thermal runaway LIB battery, a large amount of heat is taken away while fire is extinguished, and meanwhile, a non-combustible atmosphere is formed.

However, most of the currently designed vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing systems adopt electronic components similar to smoke alarms, and the protection means depends on the sensitivity and reliability of a monitoring control unit. In case meet electric core and do not spout the valve, directly start the condition of fire thermal runaway, this kind of safeguard means is later than electric core thermal runaway and starts a fire or even explodes, can not in time put out a fire, validity greatly reduced. And the existing vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing system mostly needs an independent fire extinguishing tank to store perfluorohexanone, and passes through each electric core through a complex pipeline path and a nozzle, so that the thermal runaway of each electric core can be ensured to be sprayed, and the structural design and the cost budget of the battery pack can be greatly influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at: the utility model provides a simple structure's on-vehicle sprinkler system of passive form and including this sprinkler system's battery package subassembly, can in time, accurately spray and put out a fire the cooling under the condition that does not use the initiative monitoring control means to improve the validity of putting out a fire, and reduce cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a passive vehicle-mounted spraying system for being mounted on a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes a lower housing and an upper cover disposed at an upper end of the lower housing, a battery module is disposed in an inner cavity of the lower housing, and the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells;

the passive vehicle-mounted spraying system comprises a partition plate which is arranged below the upper cover and connected with the upper cover, a sealed space is arranged in the partition plate, or the partition plate and the upper cover jointly enclose to form the sealed space, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the sealed space; the sealed space is positioned above the battery module and is opposite to the battery module; the melting point of the partition board is less than or equal to 1000 ℃, and when the battery core is out of control due to heat, the partition board can be broken down by flame sprayed by the battery core, so that the fire extinguishing agent is released.

Further, the distance between the lower surface of the partition plate and the upper end of the battery module is more than or equal to 5 mm.

Furthermore, a liquid injection hole communicated with the sealed space is formed in the upper cover or the partition plate.

Further, the length L, the width W and the thickness h of the sealed space have the following relationship: h is m/(rho LW), wherein m is the mass of the fire extinguishing agent in the sealed space, and rho is the density of the fire extinguishing agent; the thickness h of the sealed space is 0.2 mm-2 mm.

Further, the partition plate is made of aluminum or plastic.

Further, the fire extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone.

Furthermore, a flow channel or a baffle plate is arranged in the sealed space.

Further, the sealed space is one or more;

when the sealing space is a plurality of sealing spaces, the sealing spaces are independent from each other, or the adjacent sealing spaces are communicated with each other.

In order to achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack assembly, which includes: the battery pack and the passive vehicle-mounted spraying system according to any one scheme are arranged;

the battery pack comprises a lower shell and an upper cover arranged at the upper end of the lower shell, a battery module is arranged in an inner cavity of the lower shell, and the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells.

Further, the partition plate is connected with the upper cover in a riveting or welding mode.

Further, the partition plate and the upper cover are integrally formed.

Compared with the prior art, the passive vehicle-mounted spraying system and the battery pack assembly provided by the technical scheme have the beneficial effects that: through setting up the baffle below the upper cover, and set up confined space in the top of battery module, utilize electric core to spray flame breakdown baffle when electric core thermal runaway, fire extinguishing agent in the confined space can be through the broken hole quick release by flame breakdown on the baffle, make fire extinguishing agent spray to thermal runaway electric core fast, and then spread to whole battery package inner space, therefore, above-mentioned passive form vehicle mounted spraying system can in time carry out under the condition that does not use initiative monitoring control means, accurate spraying and the cooling of putting out a fire, the validity of putting out a fire has been improved, and equipment cost has been reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a battery pack with an upper cover hidden;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a passive vehicle-mounted spraying system and an upper cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of a battery pack assembly of a passive vehicle-mounted spraying system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The battery module comprises a battery module 1, a lower shell 2, a middle lifting point screw hole 3, a rivet 4, an upper cover 5, a partition plate 6 and a middle lifting point stud 7.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate the orientation or positional relationship, are used in the present invention as being based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a passive vehicle-mounted spraying system and a battery pack assembly including the same, the spraying system is used for a battery pack, the battery pack includes a lower housing 2 and an upper cover 5 disposed at an upper end of the lower housing 2, a battery module 1 is disposed in an inner cavity of the lower housing 2, and the battery module 1 includes a plurality of battery cells; the lower shell 2 is provided with a middle lifting point screw hole 3, the upper cover 5 is provided with a middle lifting point stud 7, and the middle lifting point stud 7 is in threaded connection with the middle lifting point screw hole 3, so that the upper cover 5 is fixed at the upper end of the lower shell 2.

The passive vehicle-mounted spraying system comprises a partition plate 6 which is arranged below an upper cover 5 and connected with the upper cover 5, wherein a sealed space is arranged in the partition plate 6, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the sealed space; the sealed space is positioned above the battery module 1 and is arranged opposite to the battery module 1; in the event of thermal runaway of the cell, the separator 6 can be broken down by the flame sprayed by the cell so that the fire extinguishing agent is released.

In other embodiments, a sealed space may be formed by the partition 6 and the upper cover 5, i.e. the sealed space is located between the partition 6 and the upper cover 5.

Based on above-mentioned scheme, through setting up baffle 6 in 5 below on the upper cover, and set up confined space in the top of battery module 1, utilize electric core to spray flame breakdown baffle 6 when electric core thermal runaway, fire extinguishing agent in the confined space can be through the broken hole quick release by flame breakdown on baffle 6, make the quick thermal runaway electric core of fire extinguishing agent spray, and then spread to whole battery package inner space, consequently, above-mentioned vehicle-mounted sprinkler system of passive form can be in time under the condition that does not use the initiative monitoring control means, accurate spraying and the cooling of putting out a fire, the validity of putting out a fire has been improved, and equipment cost has been reduced.

In addition, the passive vehicle-mounted spraying system is equivalent to the fact that a fire extinguishing agent layer and a partition plate 6 are added on the basis of a conventional upper cover 5, namely the spraying system and the upper cover 5 are integrated into a whole, an extra fire extinguishing tank is not needed to be arranged outside a battery pack to store the fire extinguishing agent, and installation is facilitated; the partition plate 6 is arranged on the upper cover 5, can be spaced from the battery module 1 at a certain distance without interfering with the space arrangement requirements of wiring and the like of the battery pack, and cannot be arranged above the module because structural members and circuits such as a bus bar, an FPC and the like are arranged above the module; the arrangement of the partition plate 6 and the fire extinguishing agent layer can also improve the mechanical strength and the thermal shock strength of the upper cover 5, further protect the upper cover 5 of the battery pack from being punctured, reduce the probability of open fire outside the pack and prolong the escape time of crews.

In addition, spraying system installs directly over the battery, can also make the distance that fire extinguishing agent sprayed wider with the help of gravity action, and speed is faster, makes more electric cores cover fire extinguishing agent, is favorable to further reducing the effect that the heat spreads.

The spraying system of this embodiment only needs to make a geometrical rectangle's baffle 6 according to the size of upper cover 5, can form supporting multiple motorcycle type behind the platform structure, need not come redesign according to battery module 1 size, and price/performance ratio and technology operability are high.

The fire extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone, and when the battery core is out of control due to heat, combustible substances such as electrolyte, pole pieces and the like are rapidly sprayed out to rub with the shell to generate sparks, so that the combustible substances are ignited to cause jet fire. The flame temperature exceeds the melting point of the partition board 6, the partition board 6 is melted through instantly, the perfluorohexanone reaches the boiling point at the moment, the perfluorohexanone is quickly gasified to reach the saturated vapor pressure, the thermal runaway cell is quickly sprayed from the broken hole and is diffused to the space in the whole battery pack, and the thermal runaway cell is discharged out of the pack along with high-temperature smoke when the pressure of the pressure release valve of the battery pack is reached. Because the perfluorohexanone is incombustible, the jet fire of the thermal runaway cell is extinguished, and simultaneously, the space in the bag can form an incombustible atmosphere, so that steam explosion or short circuit ignition explosion is prevented. Perfluorohexanone receives high temperature fast vaporization and takes away a large amount of heats to greatly reduced thermal runaway electricity core and temperature on every side, can also reduce the interior oxygen concentration of battery package simultaneously, formed the difficult atmosphere of firing, further reduced the probability that takes place on fire.

Specifically, perfluorohexanone is colorless transparent liquid under the normal temperature, need not the pressurization and stores, and the boiling point is 49 ℃, can gasify rapidly when electric core thermal runaway, takes away a large amount of heats, can specifically take away the heat and can decide jointly according to perfluorohexanone's sensible heat and latent heat, and concrete calculation should be according to the following formula: q1+ Q2, wherein Q1 m γ, Q2 Cm Δ T; q is the heat co-absorbed by the perfluorohexanone; q1 is latent heat of vaporization of perfluorohexanone; q2 is perfluorohexanone heating to take away heat; gamma is the heat of vaporization of perfluorohexanone, 88 kJ/kg; c is specific heat capacity of perfluorohexanone, and is 1 kJ/kg.oC; and delta T is the temperature difference between the boiling point of the perfluorohexanone and the room temperature and is determined according to the environment temperature of the battery pack.

In addition, the distance between the lower surface of the partition plate 6 and the upper end of the battery module 1 is more than or equal to 5mm, and a safety distance is reserved to avoid interference with structural members such as a bus bar and an FPC and circuits.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the upper lid 5 or the partition plate 6 is provided with a liquid injection hole communicating with the sealed space, the liquid injection hole being used for injecting the fire extinguishing agent into the sealed space. Specifically, the required amount of perfluorohexanone is injected, the liquid injection hole is sealed, so that moisture is prevented from entering, and the specific position and orientation of the liquid injection hole are determined according to the internal envelope structure of the battery pack.

In some embodiments, when a pour hole is reserved in the upper cap 5, the pour hole may be provided with a one-way valve, and the perfluorohexanone may be closed after the desired mass is poured.

In addition, the length L, width W and thickness h of the sealed space have the following relationship: h is m/(rho LW), wherein m is the mass of the fire extinguishing agent in the sealed space, and rho is the density of the fire extinguishing agent; the thickness h of the sealed space is 0.2 mm-2 mm, and the thickness h is related to a system of the capacity of the battery core.

Specifically, the amount of perfluorohexanone used is related to the system of cell capacity. Specifically, the amount of the active ingredient is 1 kg-10 kg. If the lithium iron phosphate system battery cell is adopted, the usage amount of the perfluorohexanone can be reduced. If the ternary system battery cell is adopted, the heat generation quantity of the battery cell can be determined.

In the embodiment, the periphery of the partition board 6 is riveted and fixed with the upper cover 5 by the rivets 4, the mechanical strength of the partition board is enhanced, and the sealing glue is coated at the welding seam through laser welding to ensure the sealing property of IP 67.

In other embodiments, the partition 6 is integrally formed with the upper cover 5, and is co-extruded and blown into a whole, so that the thickness and weight of a layer of interlayer are reduced, and the welding process and the gluing process are reduced. This form is suitable for all aluminum or all plastic formula battery package structure.

Preferably, the partition plate 6 is made of aluminum material, and the aluminum material has better durability than functional plastic, so that the reliable use of the whole life cycle of the vehicle can be ensured.

The melting point of the partition board 6 is less than or equal to 1000 ℃, specifically, the lithium iron phosphate system battery cell can be made of functional plastics and other types of materials, and the melting point can be 100-400 ℃. The ternary system battery core can be made of functional plastic or aluminum materials, and the melting point can be 100-660 ℃.

In some embodiments, a flow channel or a baffle is arranged in the sealed space, so that the flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent is conveniently controlled, and the shape of the flow channel or the baffle can be determined according to the capacity and the system of the battery cell.

In this embodiment, the sealed space is a whole, conveniently processes and pours into perfluorohexanone into, can release a large amount of perfluorohexanone in the twinkling of an eye when electric core thermal runaway.

In other embodiments, the sealed spaces may be multiple, and may be specifically configured according to the form of the battery pack, and each sealed space may be independent from each other, or adjacent sealed spaces may communicate with each other through a pipe.

In addition, the surface of the clapboard 6 can be set to be flat, and can also be provided with a reinforcing rib to play a role in reinforcement.

To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides an on-vehicle spraying system of passive form and battery package subassembly, this spraying system is integrated as an organic whole with the upper cover 5 of battery package, utilizes electric core injection flame to open spraying system, release perfluor hexanone when electric core thermal runaway. Therefore, the perfluorohexanone can be accurately sprayed, extinguished and cooled without using an active monitoring and controlling means. Because the perfluorohexanone is quickly vaporized under high temperature to take away a large amount of heat, the temperature of the thermal runaway cell and the surrounding temperature thereof are greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the oxygen concentration in the battery pack can be reduced, a flame-retardant atmosphere is formed, and the probability of fire occurrence is further reduced. On the other hand, the spraying system and the upper cover 5 are integrated, namely, a perfluorohexanone layer and a partition plate 6 are added on the basis of the conventional pack upper cover 5, an extra fire extinguishing tank is not needed to be provided outside the battery pack to store perfluorohexanone, the mechanical strength and the thermal shock resistance of the upper cover 5 are improved, the probability of occurrence of open fire outside the pack is reduced, and the escape time of crews is prolonged.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a passive form vehicle-mounted spraying system and battery package subassembly have following beneficial effect:

1. the most important three factors of cooling, flame retardance and fire prevention of the thermal runaway of the battery core are solved. The perfluorohexanone spraying not only can take away a large amount of heat, but also can form a non-combustible atmosphere to block heat spreading.

2. The perfluorohexanone storage bottle does not need to be additionally configured, and pipelines and nozzles do not need to be arranged according to the arrangement position of the battery cell module.

3. Need not spray through monitor control, the full passive mode can guarantee that electric core thermal runaway can in time, high-efficient cool down to put out a fire to electric core.

4. The spray nozzle or the monitor is not needed to carry out positioning spray on the thermal runaway cell, the spray position of the perfluorohexanone completely depends on the jet fire position of the thermal runaway cell, and the method is simple and accurate.

5. The integrated upper cover 5 is additionally provided with a perfluorohexanone layer and a partition plate 6 on the basis of the conventional pack upper cover 5, so that the mechanical strength and the thermal shock resistance of the upper cover 5 are improved.

6. The shaped battery pack does not need to change an envelope structure, and the spraying system can be directly compounded with the upper cover 5.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle spraying system of passive form for install on the battery package, the battery package includes casing down and locates the upper cover of casing upper end down, be equipped with the battery module in the inner chamber of casing down, the battery module includes a plurality of electricity core, its characterized in that:

the passive vehicle-mounted spraying system comprises a partition plate which is arranged below the upper cover and connected with the upper cover, a sealed space is arranged in the partition plate, or the partition plate and the upper cover jointly enclose to form the sealed space, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the sealed space; the sealed space is positioned above the battery module and is opposite to the battery module; the melting point of the partition board is less than or equal to 1000 ℃, and when the battery core is out of control due to heat, the partition board can be broken down by flame sprayed by the battery core, so that the fire extinguishing agent is released.

2. The passive vehicle-mounted spraying system according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the lower surface of the partition plate and the upper end of the battery module is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

3. The passive vehicle-mounted spraying system according to claim 1, wherein a liquid injection hole communicated with the sealed space is formed in the upper cover or the partition plate.

4. The passive vehicular spray system of claim 1, wherein the length L, width W and thickness h of the sealed space have the following relationship: h is m/(rho LW), wherein m is the mass of the fire extinguishing agent in the sealed space, and rho is the density of the fire extinguishing agent; the thickness h of the sealed space is 0.2 mm-2 mm.

5. The passive vehicular spray system of claim 1, wherein the partition is made of aluminum or plastic.

6. A passive vehicular spray system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the fire extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone.

7. The passive vehicle spray system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a flow channel or baffle is provided in the sealed space.

8. The passive vehicle spray system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the sealed space is one or more;

when the sealing space is a plurality of sealing spaces, the sealing spaces are independent from each other, or the adjacent sealing spaces are communicated with each other.

9. A battery pack assembly, comprising: a battery pack and a passive vehicular spray system according to any one of claims 1-8;

the battery pack comprises a lower shell and an upper cover arranged at the upper end of the lower shell, a battery module is arranged in an inner cavity of the lower shell, and the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells.

10. The battery pack assembly of claim 9, wherein the separator is connected to the upper cover by riveting or welding.

11. The battery pack assembly of claim 9, wherein the separator is integrally formed with the upper cover.

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