JP6279834B2 - Power storage device and moving body or facility using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power storage device that houses a plurality of lithium ion batteries and suppresses the spread of fire due to battery thermal runaway, and a moving body or facility that uses the power storage device.

In recent years, hybrid vehicles equipped with engines and motors are rapidly increasing in addition to vehicles powered by engines powered by gasoline or light oil. This is due to the increase in demand for fuel-efficient vehicles due to the rise in crude oil prices and the increase in demand for hybrid vehicles with low CO ₂ emissions due to the increased awareness of reducing environmental impact. Furthermore, in addition to such hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles that use only electric motors as the power source and have zero CO ₂ emissions during travel are gradually becoming popular.

  A high-voltage and large-capacity power storage device in which a plurality of single cells are arranged and connected in series and in parallel is mounted on the body of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The power storage device is composed of an assembled battery in which a plurality of unit cells called cells are connected, and is housed in a sealed container. In addition, the unit cell mounted in the power storage device has shifted from a conventional nickel-hydrogen battery to a lithium ion battery that can be charged even in a general home, and it is expected that the unit cell will have higher performance in the future.

  Also, in the field of aircraft, an aircraft equipped with a power storage device using a lithium ion battery that is small in size and has a large capacity and contributes to weight reduction has been put into practical use and has started operation.

  Furthermore, in recent years, power storage devices using stationary lithium ion batteries for general homes, offices, public facilities, etc. are also rapidly spreading. By using lithium ion batteries, several hundred Wh to 2-3 kWh A small power storage device that can be easily installed and used in a building having a certain level of power storage capacity has been realized.

  A stationary power storage device is connected to an outlet of a commercial AC system drawn into a building, etc., and converts AC power input to DC power to store it, and is used in daily life such as electronic equipment such as TVs and personal computers, and lighting equipment. By connecting loads of high importance in life, so-called important loads, the stored AC power is converted into AC power and output as needed, not only during a commercial AC power outage To make it work.

  Also, the DC power stored in the power storage device during the daytime power peak time when the power consumption is maximized is stored in the midnight time when the electricity bill is reduced, and the AC power from the commercial AC system is stored. Is converted into AC power and supplied to the load, reducing the power consumption from the commercial AC system and making it possible to save power and use economical power.

JP 2012-129209 A JP 2011-254906 A JP 2011-165628 A JP 2007-295707 A

  However, in such a power storage device using a lithium ion battery, a large capacity is realized by connecting a plurality of lithium ion batteries. However, the lithium ion battery has various causes such as an internal short circuit or overcharge. When the thermal runaway occurs, the battery temperature rises significantly and the pressure inside the battery rises. As a result, the lithium ion battery may rupture or ignite, which may cause an electric fire with the power storage device as the source of fire.

  A lithium ion battery housed in a power storage device uses a flammable liquid such as dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate as an electrolytic solution. As long as there is a flammable liquid, it ignites when conditions are met. The ignition mechanism of lithium-ion batteries is thermal runaway, and the internal temperature of the cell increases due to internal short circuit, abnormal heating inside the cell, external short circuit, external abnormal overheating, excessive current, excessive voltage, etc. When this exotherm exceeds a certain limit value, the behavior cannot be controlled and the temperature rising reaction is continuously caused and the temperature rising phenomenon occurs. This is a thermal runaway.

  The behavior of a lithium-ion battery during thermal runaway shows a rapid temperature rise reaction in a short time, the electrolyte is heated suddenly, expands, gasifies and ejects, and the safety valve provided in the cell is activated (ruptured). The electrolyte is ejected, and the flame is ejected from the cell because the electrolyte is a flammable liquid.

  It has been reported as a result of various fire experiments that the degree of the flame ejected from the cell varies depending on the charge amount of the lithium ion battery. The amount of oxygen released at the time of exothermic decomposition of a lithium ion battery differs depending on the state of charge, and it is said that the amount of released oxygen is greatest when fully charged (SOC 100%). For this reason, there is a difference in the amount of oxygen released between a battery with a large amount of charge and a battery with a small amount of charge. The larger the amount of charge, the stronger the flame is emitted from the cell, and the full charge causes an explosive flame. ing.

  If any of the multiple lithium-ion batteries stored in a power storage device that uses a sealed container ignites due to thermal runaway, the flame spouted from the cell spreads into the empty space in the container and fills the container with the flame. Even if the oxygen is consumed by the flame, the oxygen flame from the cell itself does not fade because the oxygen release from the cell continues, the internal temperature of the power storage device rises, the adjacent lithium ion battery is heated, As a result, a thermal runaway may occur in a chain. In addition, the electrolytic solution ejected from the cell has high electrical conductivity, and when the electrolytic solution is ejected inside the battery, if the electrolytic solution adheres between the electrode terminals of the lithium ion battery or between the connection bars, an external short circuit is caused. If an excessive short-circuit current flows there, there is a possibility that adjacent lithium ion batteries will cause thermal runaway in a chain.

  Various safety measures are taken against the problem of ignition due to such thermal runaway, and safety is improved every day. In this regard, “It is true that the safety of the battery can be improved. However, the probability of a fire / explosion is reduced, and it does not mean that there will be no fire / explosion”. The views of those who have academic experience are also shown.

  However, conventionally, there are no fire extinguishing devices and fire extinguishing equipment that suppress fire extinguishing in response to a fire that occurred outside a sealed container against an electric fire when a power storage device containing a lithium ion battery is installed in a car, an aircraft, or a building. Various proposals have been put to practical use, but no effective fire extinguishing device or fire extinguishing equipment has been realized to directly control fire extinguishing in response to ignition caused by thermal runaway of a lithium ion battery that has occurred in a sealed container. .

  In addition, when an electrical fire of a power storage device occurs, the fire extinguishing activity by the conventional water-based fire extinguishing equipment has a high risk of inducing a secondary disaster such as an electric shock accident as well as extinguishing or suppressing the fire.

The present invention relates to a power storage device having a structure capable of suppressing the expansion of a chain fire when a fire due to abnormality of a lithium ion battery occurs in a container of the power storage device, and a moving body or facility using the power storage device. The purpose is to provide.

(Power storage device with collection space partitioned for each cell)
The present invention relates to a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having a safety valve are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member.
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte discharged by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valve of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space partitioned by a partition wall that faces the safety valve of the unit cell, and a recovery port opens at the partition wall position that faces the safety valve,
Recovery space is partitioned for each of a plurality of cells by a partition wall, I independent spaces der plurality of spaces the unit cells are arranged, the container body, a sealed structure by relative the septum and the lid member to the safety valve is formed It is characterized by Rukoto.

The recovery space includes a communication port at a lower portion of a partition wall with the adjacent recovery space, and the adjacent recovery spaces are connected.

(Folded path of recovery space)
In the recovery space, a partition member that forms a space that becomes a return path from the recovery port in the traveling direction with respect to the flame of the ejected electrolyte solution is arranged for each recovery space .

(Power storage device with a flame-extinguishing metal net in the recovery space)
The present invention relates to a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having a safety valve are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member.
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte discharged by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valve of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space in which a recovery port for recovering the ejected electrolyte is opened at a position opposite to the safety valve,
In the recovery space, an extinguishing metal net that dissipates the flame of the sprayed electrolyte is arranged ,
The extinguishing metal mesh is characterized by having a mesh structure in which the mesh size decreases from the flame receiving side of the ejected electrolyte toward the flame traveling direction .

(Electrolytic solution adsorption filter)
In the recovery space, an adsorption filter using heat-resistant fibers that adsorb and hold the electrolyte is disposed behind the flame extinguishing metal net.

(Heat resistant fiber)
The heat-resistant fiber is glass wool (a cotton-like material made of short glass fiber).

(Power storage device with fire extinguishing means in the recovery space)
The present invention relates to a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having a safety valve are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member.
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte discharged by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valve of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space in which a recovery port for recovering the ejected electrolyte is opened at a position opposite to the safety valve,
The recovery space is characterized by comprising fire extinguishing means for discharging a powder fire extinguisher into the recovery space by pressurization with the ejected electrolyte.
In addition, the present invention is a moving body including a plane and an automobile that uses these power storage devices , a house, or a facility other than a house .

(Basic effect)
When any one of a plurality of single cells, for example, a lithium ion battery, causes a thermal runaway and an electrolyte flame is ejected by the operation (rupture) of the safety valve, the power storage device of the present invention can be operated by operating the safety valve relative to the safety valve. Since the recovery means for recovering the ejected electrolyte solution is provided, the recovery means is, for example, a sealed recovery space partitioned by a partition wall that forms a recovery port relative to the safety valve, and the electrolyte solution ejected from the safety valve into this recovery space As a result of the injection of the flame, the electrolyte flame spreads to other lithium-ion batteries and prevents heating, and it is possible to prevent chain thermal runaway due to heating of other lithium-ion batteries. It is possible to stop the fire with only the battery.

  In addition, the atomized electrolyte ejected from the thermal runaway lithium ion battery is ejected and confined in the recovery space, so that the electrolyte does not adhere between the electrode terminals of other lithium ion batteries or between the bus bars. It is possible to reliably prevent chain thermal runaway due to external short circuit due to adhesion.

When the recovery space is divided into multiple lithium ion batteries and the flame of the electrolyte solution ejected from the lithium ion battery that caused thermal runaway is introduced into the recovery space, another lithium ion battery can be removed from the recovery port of the adjacent recovery space. It prevents the blown hot air to the side, to allow preventing a chain thermal runaway caused by heating other lithium-ion batteries.

(Effects of the return path of the collection space)
In addition, since the partition member is arranged in the recovery space so as to form a space that becomes a folding path from the recovery port in the depth direction, the space length in which the jet of the electrolyte flame blown from the recovery port moves is substantially reduced. The length is increased, the flame disappears in the middle, and the atomized electrolyte can be recovered so as not to return to the battery storage side.

(Effects of flame-retardant metal mesh)
In addition, a flame extinguishing metal net that dissipates the flame of the electrolyte sprayed by the operation of the safety valve of the lithium ion battery is placed in the recovery space, so the electrolyte flame blown from the recovery port hits the flame extinguishing metal net and the flame is halfway It can be recovered as a liquid electrolyte that has disappeared and atomized.

  In addition, the flame extinguishing metal mesh has a mesh structure in which the mesh size decreases from the receiving side of the electrolyte flame in the depth direction, so that the atomized electrolyte fine particles become smaller and adhere to the mesh. Can be retained.

(Effect of adsorption filter)
In addition, a heat-resistant fiber that adsorbs and holds the electrolyte solution, such as glass wool, is placed behind the flame-extinguishing metal mesh, so that the fine particles of the electrolyte solution that has passed through the flame-extinguishing metal mesh are reliably adsorbed. Can be held.

(Effects of fire extinguishing means)
In addition, the recovery space is provided with fire extinguishing means that discharges the powder fire extinguishing agent into the empty space of the lithium ion battery by pressurization with the electrolyte sprayed by the operation of the safety valve of the lithium ion battery. Fire extinguishing agent can be released directly into the fire to suppress fire extinguishing.

Explanatory drawing showing the external appearance of the power storage device Sectional drawing which showed the cross section of the depth direction of an electrical storage apparatus The top view which removed the storage container cover of the electrical storage apparatus of FIG. 1, and showed the inside of a storage container main body Plan sectional drawing of the electrical storage apparatus which showed the XX cross section of FIG. Sectional drawing which showed the cross section of the horizontal direction of an electrical storage apparatus FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the power storage device showing the installed state of the heat sensing cable except for the lithium ion battery of FIG. Circuit diagram showing the fire detection circuit Explanatory drawing showing the function when the electrolyte is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of the electrical storage apparatus which formed the return | turnback path | route in the collection | recovery part Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of the electrical storage apparatus which has arrange | positioned the flame-extinguishing metal net | network in the collection | recovery part Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of the electrical storage apparatus which has arrange | positioned the flame-extinguishing metal net | network and the adsorption filter in the collection | recovery part. Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of the electrical storage apparatus which provided the fire extinguishing means in the collection | recovery part

[Configuration of fire extinguishing device]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of a power storage device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section in the depth direction of the power storage device, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line XX of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section in the lateral direction of the power storage device.

(Outline of power storage device)
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the power storage device 10 is for aircraft use, for example, a box-shaped storage container body 12 that opens to the top, and is attached to the opening of the storage container body 12 and fixed with screws or the like. The storage container lid 14 is provided, and the storage container body 12 and the storage container lid 14 constitute a storage container of the power storage device 10. The power storage device 10 is also called a battery module or a battery pack.

  On the front surface of the storage container main body 12, a positive electrode output terminal 16 a and a negative electrode output terminal 16 b of the power storage device 10 and a connector 18 that connects signal lines for inputting and outputting various control signals and detection signals are attached.

  For example, eight lithium ion batteries 20 are stored in the storage container body 12 as assembled batteries. The lithium ion battery 20 is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery known as a single battery (battery cell). For example, a rectangular box-shaped outer container formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and an electrode body together with a non-aqueous electrolyte. Is housed.

  The electrode body of the lithium ion battery 20 is formed in a rectangular shape by, for example, winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate in a spiral shape with a separator interposed therebetween. A pair of electrode terminals 22 serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode are taken out from the upper end of the outer casing of the lithium ion battery 20. A safety valve 25 is provided on one side wall of the lithium ion battery 20. The safety valve 25 has an opening provided in the outer container closed with a thin aluminum plate, or the safety valve 25 is processed into a thin wall, and when the internal pressure increases due to thermal runaway, etc., it operates (explodes) at a predetermined pressure. To prevent the outer container from bursting.

  Here, the external size of the lithium ion battery 20 is, for example, about (height = 170 mm to 180 mm) × (width = 130 mm to 140 mm) × (depth = 50 mm to 60 mm). The external size of the power storage device is, for example, about (height = 200 mm to 220 mm) × (width = 270 mm to 290 mm) × (depth = 320 mm to 340 mm).

Inside the storage container body 12, eight lithium ion batteries 20 are stored in two rows, and are stored so that the positive and negative electrode terminals 22 face each other alternately. A plate-like bus bar (electrode connection bar) 24 is mounted between the positive electrode terminal 22 and the negative electrode terminal 22, and eight lithium ion batteries are connected in series. 22 is connected to one of the circuit boards 28 accommodated vertically by the bus bar 24.

  If the average cell voltage of the lithium ion battery 20 is, for example, 3.5 volts, the voltage of the assembled battery becomes 28 volts due to the series connection of the eight lithium ion batteries 20 shown in FIG. 3, and the positive output terminal 16a of the power storage device 10 The voltage at the negative output terminal 16b is also 28 volts. Note that the number of lithium ion batteries 20 corresponds to the required voltage of the assembled battery. The plurality of lithium ion batteries 20 may be connected to a battery pack in which a predetermined number of lithium ion batteries are connected in parallel, and a plurality of battery packs may be connected in series.

  A battery management unit (MBU) is mounted on the circuit board 28. The battery voltage and internal temperature are monitored, and when an abnormality is detected, a signal is output to a charger installed outside so as to stop charging. I have. One of the circuit boards 28 is provided with a fire detection circuit unit that detects a fire due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20 as a fire detection means.

  The safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20 is provided, for example, on the side surface of the positive electrode terminal 22 side. When the safety valve 25 is incorporated in the storage container body 12, as shown in the plan view of FIG. Located on the opposite center side.

[Overview of the collection department]
As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the lithium ion battery 20 is arranged on the outer side and the opposite central side of the lithium ion battery 20 in which four are stored in two rows in the storage container body 12 as viewed from above. Relative to the safety valve 25, there are provided eight recovery portions 30 that function as recovery means for recovering the electrolyte solution ejected by the operation of the safety valve 25.

For example, taking the lithium ion battery 20 stored in the upper right corner of FIG. 4 as an example, the recovery unit 30 provided at the relative position of the safety valve 25 includes the storage container body 12 , the partition wall 34 disposed inside thereof, and the partition wall 34. A collection space having a sealed structure is formed by mounting the partition wall 36 disposed in the middle and the storage container lid 14.

A recovery port 32 is formed at the position of the partition wall 34 of the recovery unit 30 opposite to the safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20, and the flame of the electrolyte sprayed from the safety valve 25 is blown into the storage space from the recovery port 32. The recovery port 32 is the same circular opening as the safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20 shown in FIG. 2 and has a diameter of a predetermined size larger than the diameter of the safety valve 25.

  The structures of the four collection units 30 located outside the power storage device 10 have basically the same structure, although the size in the longitudinal direction varies depending on the arrangement location.

In addition, the four collection units 30 located in the center of the power storage device 10 include three partition walls 34 arranged in the longitudinal direction, and two partition walls 36 provided in the middle of the partition wall 34 and partition walls that partition the battery storage unit. 35 is placed upright in the storage container body 12 and a cover member 33 is attached thereto, thereby forming a recovery space having a sealed structure divided into four locations, and a safety valve 25 provided in the lithium ion battery 20. A recovery port 32 is formed at the position of the opposing partition wall 34.

(Fire detection means)
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a laying state of a heat sensing cable used in the fire detection circuit section after removing the lithium ion battery of FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the fire detection circuit section.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a fire detection circuit unit 62 is provided on the circuit board 28 located on the inner side, and a heat sensing cable 64 functioning as a fire sensor is drawn out therefrom. The heat sensing cable 64 is two twisted signal wires that are insulated and coated with a resin such as vinyl. A voltage is applied from the fire detection circuit unit 62 between the two signal wires, and heat from the fire is generated. When the insulation coating is received, the two signal lines come into contact with the short circuit, and a fire is detected when a sense current flows.

  The heat sensing cable 64 pulled out from the fire detection circuit unit 62 is wired so as to pass through the recovery ports 32 in the eight recovery units 30 arranged corresponding to the lithium ion battery 20, and has run out of heat. A fire can be detected in response to the flame of the electrolyte sprayed by the operation (rupture) of the safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20.

  The fire detection circuit unit 62 shown in FIG. 7 includes a transistor 66, a relay 68, and resistors 70, 72, and 74. The transistor 66 applies a divided voltage of the resistors 72 and 74 to the base via the resistor 70. The power supply voltage + Vc is always applied to the heat sensing cable 64 via the resistors 72 and 74. Here, in the normal monitoring state, the transistor 66 is off, and only the power supply voltage is applied to one signal line of the heat sensing cable 64, so that no current flows, and the power consumption is caused by a leakage current or the like. There is very little current.

  The transistor 66 is a PNP transistor, and a relay 68 is connected as a load on the collector side. In the normal monitoring state, the heat sensing cable 64 is in an open state with an insulation covering of two signal lines such as vinyl. No current flows from the power source, and the transistor 66 is off because the voltage between the emitter and the base is 0 volts.

  The relay 68 connects the normally open relay contact 76 between the collector and power supply line of the transistor 66 to form a latch circuit. Further, the relay 68 has a normally open relay contact 78 for outputting a fire detection signal to the outside.

  When a flame of the electrolyte is ejected from the safety valve 25 that is activated by thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20, the heat sensing cable 64 wired through the recovery port 32 of the recovery unit 30 facing the safety valve 25 receives the flame and is insulated. When the covering vinyl melts and the two signal lines come into contact with each other, a current flows through the heat sensing cable 64 through the resistors 72 and 74. For this reason, a bias voltage is applied between the emitter and base of the transistor 66 by the voltage generated in the resistor 74, whereby the transistor 66 is turned on and the relay 68 is operated.

  When the relay 68 is activated, the normally open relay contact 76 is closed and the relay 68 is latched, and the normally open relay contact 78 is closed and a fire detection signal is output to the outside, so that the external device notifies the occurrence of a fire of the power storage device 10.

(Function when electrolyte solution is ejected due to thermal runaway of lithium ion battery)
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the function of the recovery unit when the electrolyte solution is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery. FIG. 8A shows a part of the plane of the storage container body, and FIG. ) Shows a part of the cross section.

  The lithium ion battery 20 housed in the upper right corner of FIG. 8 (A) causes a thermal runaway, the safety valve 25 is activated (exploded), and the filled electrolyte ignites and a fire that shoots out a flame violently. If it occurs, the flame of the electrolyte sprayed from the safety valve 25 blows into the sealed space of the recovery unit 30 from the opposing recovery port 32, hits the inner wall of the storage container body 12, and diffuses into the recovery space. As a result, the flame of the electrolyte sprayed from the safety valve 25 is sealed in the recovery unit 30, and the electrolyte flame does not spread in the empty space in the storage container in which the lithium ion battery 20 is stored. The ion battery 20 is heated to reliably prevent thermal runaway that occurs in a chain.

The flame of the electrolyte blown into the recovery unit 30 from the recovery port 32 strikes the inner wall surface of the storage container body 12 and diffuses, and the wall surface of the storage container body 12 that receives the flame is heated to a high temperature. Since the wall surface of the storage container main body 12 is positioned via the collection unit 30 with respect to the ion battery 20 , sufficient heat insulation is obtained, and the storage container main body 12 is stored inside even if the wall surface of the storage container main body 12 is heated to a high temperature. Heating of the lithium ion battery 20 can be sufficiently suppressed.

Also, with respect to the recovery unit 30 provided at four locations in the center of the power storage device 10 shown in FIG. 4, any one of the lithium ion batteries 20 causes thermal runaway and ejects an electrolyte flame to face the recovery port 32. When the air is blown into the recovery unit 30, another recovery unit 30 is interposed between the lithium ion batteries 20 stored in the opposite positions, and the other lithium ion batteries 20 stored in the opposite positions are overheated. Can be sufficiently suppressed.

  In addition, the flame of the electrolyte blown into the recovery unit 30 disappears due to diffusion and becomes a spray of the electrolyte, but hits the wall that partitions the recovery unit 30 and adheres to it, and the electrolyte with high conductivity is stored. It is also possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of a chain of thermal runaway due to an external short circuit due to jetting into the apparatus 10 and adhering between the electrode terminals of the lithium ion battery 20 or between the bus bars.

(Embodiment of power storage device provided with return path)
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the power storage device according to the present invention, and this embodiment is characterized in that a structure of a return path is provided in the recovery unit.

  FIG. 9A shows a cross section of a part of the power storage device, and the recovery unit 30 in which the recovery port 32 is formed facing the safety valve 25 provided on the side wall of the lithium ion battery 20 stored in the storage container body 12 is sealed. It is provided as a collection space for the structure. A partition wall 40 is further erected and arranged in the collection unit 30 to be divided into the collection units 30a and 30b. A communication port 42 is provided in the lower part of the partition wall 40 to connect the collection units 30a and 30b.

  FIG. 9B shows the function of the recovery unit when the electrolyte is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20, and the flame of the electrolyte sprayed from the safety valve 25 is blown into the recovery unit 30 a from the recovery port 32. It goes downward, passes through the communication port 42, and blows into the recovery unit 30b from below. Thus, by making it the return path | route structure which connected the collection | recovery parts 30a and 30b formed in two by the communicating port 42, the path | route length to which the flame of the electrolyte solution which ejected from the safety valve 25 moves is lengthened substantially. By making the path length longer, the electrolyte flame disappears in the middle, and the atomized electrolyte moves toward the back, and the electrolyte fine particles adhere to the wall and hold in the middle Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent the lithium ion battery 20 from being ejected into an empty space.

(Embodiment of power storage device provided with a flame-extinguishing metal net)
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the power storage device according to the present invention, and this embodiment is characterized in that a flame extinguishing metal net is provided in the recovery section.

  FIG. 10A shows a partial cross section of the power storage device, and a flame-extinguishing metal net 44 is arranged in the recovery unit 30 provided opposite to the safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20 stored in the storage container body 12. . In the illustrated recovery unit 30, a flame extinguishing metal net 44 is disposed above and below the recovery port 32. In addition, about the collection | recovery part 30 of the center part shown in FIG.

The flame extinguishing metal mesh 44 has a mesh structure in which the mesh size becomes smaller in the depth direction from the side receiving the electrolyte flame. With this mesh structure, the electrolyte solution blown from the recovery port 32 is introduced with less resistance to the coarse mesh, and the mesh becomes finer as it goes deeper, thereby strengthening the action of blocking the flame and extinguishing the flame, Easily attach atomized electrolyte. As a specific mesh structure, for example, a structure in which a plurality of metal meshes having different mesh sizes are stacked may be used.

  FIG. 10B shows the function of the recovery unit when the electrolyte is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20, and the flame of the electrolyte ejected from the safety valve 25 is information and below after being blown into the recovery port 32. The flame extinguisher metal mesh 44 is placed in the flame extinguishing metal mesh 44, the flame is cut off and disappears while passing through the flame extinguishing metal mesh 44, and the electrolyte that has been turned off and atomized is attached and retained. It is reliably prevented that the battery 20 is ejected into the empty space.

(Embodiment of a power storage device provided with a flame extinguishing metal net and an adsorption filter)
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the power storage device according to the present invention, and this embodiment is characterized in that a flame extinguishing metal net and an adsorption filter are provided in the recovery unit.

FIG. 11A shows a cross section of a part of the power storage device, and the extinguishing metal mesh 44 and the recovery part 30 provided opposite to the safety valve 25 provided on the side wall of the lithium ion battery 20 stored in the storage container body 12. An adsorption filter 46 is disposed. In the illustrated collection unit 30, a flame extinguishing metal net 44 is disposed above and below the collection port 32, and an adsorption filter 46 is disposed behind it. In the central collection unit 30 shown in FIG. 5, since there is no space above the collection port 32, the extinguishing metal net and the adsorption filter are arranged only below the collection port 32.

  The flame extinguishing metal mesh 44 is basically the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 10, and has a mesh structure in which the mesh size decreases from the side receiving the electrolyte solution in the depth direction, and the electrolyte solution blown in by this mesh structure. The flame is introduced with less resistance to the coarse mesh, and the mesh becomes finer as it goes deeper, thereby strengthening the action of blocking and extinguishing the flame.

    The adsorption filter 46 uses glass wool, which is a cotton-like material made of short glass fibers, for example, and adsorbs and holds fine particles of the atomized electrolytic solution passing through the flame-extinguishing metal net 44.

  FIG. 11B shows the function of the recovery unit when the electrolyte is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20, and the flame of the electrolyte sprayed from the safety valve 25 is blown into the recovery unit 30 from the recovery port 32. The flame extinguishing metal mesh 44 arranged above and below enters the flame extinguishing metal mesh 44 and the flame is cut off and disappears while passing through the flame extinguishing metal mesh 44. The fine particles of the electrolyte solution in the atomized state that have passed through the flame extinguishing metal net 44 enter the adsorption filter 46 using glass wool and are adsorbed and held, and the electrolyte solution spouts into the empty space in which the lithium ion battery 20 is stored. Make sure to prevent it.

(Embodiment of power storage device provided with fire extinguishing means)
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the power storage device according to the present invention, and this embodiment is characterized in that a fire extinguishing means is provided in the recovery unit.

FIG. 12A shows a cross section of a part of the power storage device. A partition plate 48 is provided in the recovery part 30 provided opposite to the safety valve 25 of the lithium ion battery 20 stored in the storage container body 12. The fire extinguisher storage part 50 is formed in the rear, and the powder fire extinguisher 52 is filled there. The powder fire extinguisher 52 is an ABC type powder fire extinguisher corresponding to a normal fire A such as wood, paper, and fiber, a fire B of oil such as kerosene and gasoline, and an electric fire C such as a switchboard and an outlet.

A plurality of pressurizing holes 54 are opened at the lower part of the partition plate 48, and a flame jet of the electrolyte blown from the recovery port 32 is introduced into the extinguishing agent storage unit 50 to pressurize it. On the outlet side of the pressurizing hole 54, a sealing member 56 that is broken by a jet of electrolyte is provided to seal the powder fire extinguisher 52 for moisture prevention and leakage prevention. In addition, a plurality of discharge holes 58 for discharging the powder extinguishing agent 52 are opened in the upper part of the partition plate 48 that partitions the extinguishing agent storage unit 50. A sealing member 60 that is broken by pressurization of the powder extinguishing agent 52 is also provided on the outlet side of the discharge hole 58, and is sealed for moisture prevention and leakage prevention of the powder extinguishing agent 52. As the sealing members 56 and 60, an aluminum foil, a synthetic resin thin film, or the like is used, and is bonded and fixed to the ejection side of the pressure hole 54 and the discharge hole 58.

  A guide portion 55 is provided between the discharge hole 58 and the recovery port 32 so as to cover the recovery port 32 obliquely downward, and a gap is formed between the tip of the guide portion 55 and the partition plate 48. The powder fire extinguisher 52 pressurized and supplied from the fire extinguisher storage unit 50 is discharged from the gap at the tip of the guide unit 55 and sprayed toward the flame of the electrolyte solution entering from the recovery port 32.

  FIG. 12B shows the function of the recovery unit when the electrolyte solution is ejected due to thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery 20. The electrolyte flame sprayed from the safety valve 25 is blown into the recovery port 32 and then moved downward by the guide portion 55 to break the sealing member 56 provided in the pressurizing hole 54 and blow into the fire extinguisher storage portion 50. Then, the powder fire extinguishing agent 52 is stirred and pressurized. When the pressure in the extinguishing agent storage unit 50 rises to a predetermined value, the sealing member 60 of the discharge hole 58 is broken, and the electrolyte solution blown through the recovery port 32 through the gap between the discharge hole 58 and the guide unit 55 is removed. The powder fire extinguisher 52 is discharged into the flame, and the fire extinguisher 52 discharged into the electrolyte flame is mixed to suppress the fire extinguishing.

[Modification of the present invention]
(Single cell)
In the above embodiment, a lithium ion battery is taken as an example of a unit cell, but the present invention is not limited to this, and includes an appropriate non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using a flammable electrolyte.

(Safety valve position)
In the above embodiment, the case where the safety valve is provided on the side surface of the rectangular box type lithium ion battery is taken as an example, but in the case of the lithium ion battery provided with the safety valve on the upper surface from which the electrode terminal is taken out, What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which collect | recovers the flames of the electrolyte solution which provided the collection | recovery part in the storage container lid side facing the safety valve of a lithium ion battery, and ejected from the safety valve. The shape of the outer container of the lithium ion battery may be a cylindrical shape.

(Safety valve and recovery port)
In the above embodiment, the recovery port of the storage unit is arranged through a gap with respect to the safety valve of the lithium ion battery. A cylindrical holder may be arranged between the two and closely arranged so that all the flame of the electrolytic solution ejected from the safety valve is blown into the recovery unit.

(Consolidation of collection department)
In the above embodiment, the recovery unit having an independent sealed space relative to the safety valve of the lithium ion battery is arranged, but the electrolyte flame is difficult to reach, such as the lower part of the partition wall of the adjacent recovery unit. You may make it provide a communicating port and connect the collection | recovery space of an adjacent collection | recovery part. As a result, the recovery space can be expanded to the space of a plurality of recovery units, and the increase in internal pressure when the flame of the electrolyte is blown can be reduced and the temperature can be suppressed by spreading widely. .

(Use of power storage device)
In addition, the above embodiment is an example of an aircraft power storage device, but it can be similarly provided as a fire extinguishing device for a power storage device containing lithium-ion batteries for automobiles and houses. The present invention can be similarly applied to a power storage device using a lithium ion battery installed in any appropriate device, apparatus, facility, or facility.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, includes appropriate modifications without impairing the object and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiment.

10: Power storage device 12: Storage container body 14: Storage container lid 20: Lithium ion battery 25: Safety valve 30: Recovery part 32: Recovery port 34 , 35 : Partition wall 36 , 40 : Partition wall 44: Flame extinguishing metal net 46: Adsorption filter 52: Powder extinguisher 62: Fire detection circuit section 64: Heat sensing cable

Claims (9)

In a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having safety valves are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member,
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte solution ejected by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valves of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space partitioned by a partition wall facing the safety valve of the unit cell, and a recovery port opens at a partition wall position facing the safety valve,
The collecting space, said partition wall by partitioned for each of the plurality of unit cells, I independent spaces der from the space in which the plurality of unit cells are arranged, the container body, the partition wall and the that relative to the safety valve power storage device according to claim Rukoto sealed structure formed by the lid member.
The power storage device according to claim 1, wherein the recovery space includes a communication port at a lower portion of a partition wall with the adjacent recovery space, and the adjacent recovery space is connected.
The power storage device according to claim 1, wherein the recovery space forms, for each of the partitioned recovery spaces, a space that becomes a return path in a traveling direction from the recovery port with respect to the flame of the sprayed electrolyte solution. A power storage device, wherein a partition member is disposed.
In a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having safety valves are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member,
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte solution ejected by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valves of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space in which a recovery port for recovering the sprayed electrolyte is opened at a position opposite to the safety valve,
In the recovery space, an extinguishing metal net that dissipates the flame of the sprayed electrolyte is disposed,
The power extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein the flame extinguishing metal mesh has a mesh structure in which the mesh size decreases from the flame receiving side of the electrolyte toward the flame traveling direction.
5. The power storage device according to claim 4 , wherein an adsorption filter using heat-resistant fibers that adsorb and hold the electrolytic solution is disposed in the recovery space behind the flame extinguishing metal net. A power storage device characterized by the above.
6. The power storage device according to claim 5 , wherein the heat resistant fiber is glass wool.
In a power storage device in which a plurality of single cells having safety valves are stored in a storage container composed of a container body and a lid member,
Recovering means for recovering the electrolyte solution ejected by the operation of the safety valve relative to the safety valves of the plurality of single cells,
The recovery means is a recovery space in which a recovery port for recovering the sprayed electrolyte is opened at a position opposite to the safety valve,
The power storage device, wherein the recovery space includes fire extinguishing means for discharging a powder fire extinguisher into the recovery space by pressurization with the ejected electrolyte.
Mobile including aircraft and automobiles, characterized in that the use of electric storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Claims 1 to 7 power storage device housing or other than residential facility, characterized by use of any one of.

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