TWI692900B - Fire protection device for solid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims to divide a large number of battery areas into smaller modules and place them in a gas-tight battery pack overall box to facilitate effective fire prevention measures. A shared exhaust pipe and cooling liquid tank are also provided, and they are connected to each battery pack overall box via a pipe. When any battery undergoes spontaneous combustion to produce exhaust gas and temperature rise, the air pressure and temperature of the overall battery box of the battery pack will increase, so the exhaust pipe and the coolant channel can be used in a timely manner with a check valve or a membrane blast safety valve Pass through, discharge the exhaust gas to the atmosphere, and at the same time pour the cooling liquid into the overall battery box to play the role of diffusing the heat concentration point temperature. In addition, the use of the vaporization of the coolant and the heat of vaporization to take away the heat energy through the exhaust pipe, to reduce the temperature and prevent the battery from excessive reactions. The above measures can prevent the surface temperature of the overall battery box from being too high to ignite surrounding objects, and also prevent the exhaust gas from burning and exploding in the overall battery box, and allow the exhaust gas to diffuse, buffer, cool, guide, Directly discharge to the atmosphere to achieve the purpose of fire prevention.

Description

Fire protection device for solid battery

The invention relates to a fire protection device after spontaneous combustion of a battery, in particular to a fire protection device for solid state batteries.

At present, battery packs in which multiple solid-state single cells are connected in series or in parallel are widely used in various electric vehicles. Although manufacturers all claim that their battery packs are equipped with safety and fire protection, when the vehicle is parked and unattended, the battery Incidents of fire caused by spontaneous combustion have been heard.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a fire protection device for solid-state batteries.

The present invention is directed to a fire protection device for preventing fire when various existing fire protection systems fail when a battery spontaneously ignites. The invention can also be applied to other occasions where a solid-state battery is used as a power source, as a fireproof device to prevent the battery from spontaneous combustion

.

Therefore, the fireproof device for solid-state batteries of the present invention includes at least one battery pack, an exhaust pipe, at least one battery pack overall box, and at least one high-pressure check valve.

The at least one battery pack is composed of at least one single battery, and the positive and negative electrodes between the at least one single battery are connected by wires to output electrical energy, voltage, and current information.

The exhaust pipe includes at least one exhaust branch pipe and at least one jet port.

The internal space of the at least one battery pack general box is sufficient to place the at least one battery pack and retain appropriate ventilation and exhaust spaces. The battery pack general box body is provided with at least one exhaust connection port for connecting the exhaust pipe In order to conduct the exhaust gas generated by the at least one battery pack, at least one wire inlet and outlet are provided to allow the wires of the at least one battery pack to lead to the outside of the at least one battery pack main box.

The at least one high-pressure check valve is connected between the air injection port of the exhaust pipe and the exhaust gas connection port of the at least one battery pack main box body to prevent the outside atmosphere from flowing to the battery pack main box In the body, when the high-pressure check valve is opened, the exhaust gas generated by the battery pack can be circulated to the exhaust pipe and discharged to the atmosphere through the air injection port.

The effect of the present invention is that the exhaust pipe is connected to the overall battery box. When the battery pack spontaneously generates exhaust gas and temperature rise, the air pressure and temperature of the overall battery box will increase, so the high pressure can be used The return valve opens the exhaust pipe and discharges the exhaust gas to the atmosphere, which serves to diffuse the temperature of the heat concentration point, thereby preventing the surface temperature of the overall battery box from being too high to ignite surrounding objects, and also preventing the exhaust gas from burning and exploding in the overall battery box And let the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe diffuse, buffer, cool, guide, and directionally discharge to the atmosphere to achieve the purpose of fire prevention.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same numbers.

Referring to FIG. 1, the fire protection device for solid-state batteries of the present invention includes a battery pack main box 1 accommodating a battery pack 14, an exhaust pipe 2, and a cooling liquid tank 3. The battery pack main box 1 has an opening There is a box 11 with a plurality of inlets and outlets, wherein the inlets and outlets include an exhaust gas connection port 12, a cooling liquid connection port 13, and a wire inlet and outlet 145. The approximate airtight inner space of the box 11 can accommodate the battery pack 14, in this embodiment, a plurality of single batteries 141 are installed, and the plurality of electrodes 143 of each battery are connected by wires, and then assembled into one The wire harness 144 leads to the outside through the wire inlet and outlet 145 (as shown in B). The extra space inside the box 11 should be reduced as much as possible, as long as the gas or liquid can freely circulate and contact the individual cells 141, the space becomes more Small means less air and combustion-supporting oxygen remaining in the tank 11, so as to prevent combustible gas generated during the self-ignition of the unit cell 141 from burning and exploding in the tank 11.

The exhaust pipe 2 includes a pipe body 21, an air injection port 23, and a high-pressure check valve 222 and a high-pressure blast valve 223 that are connected to the exhaust connection port 12 via the exhaust branch pipe 22. The coolant tank 3 includes a tank body 31 containing a coolant 322, and a coolant branch pipe 32. The coolant branch pipe 32 communicates a relatively low-pressure low-pressure blast valve 321 to the coolant connection port 13. Therefore, when any one of the single cells 141 is short-circuited or spontaneously ignited to generate exhaust gas or heat, the air pressure and temperature in the sealed box 11 will rise, and when the set level is reached, the relatively low-pressure rupture valve 321 is first ruptured In order to guide the cooling liquid 322 into the cabinet 11 to cool the heat source and prevent the temperature from being too high to exacerbate the short-circuit spontaneous combustion of the battery pack 14. If the battery continues to generate high temperature and reaches the vaporization point of the cooling liquid 322, the cooling liquid 322 begins to boil into a gaseous state and can absorb a large amount of heat of vaporization, and at the same time, the generated exhaust gas causes the high-pressure blasting valve 223 to rupture. The flammability of the exhaust gas will be diluted and reduced by the steam of the cooling liquid 322, and then flows into the pipe body 21 of the larger flow path space through the high-pressure check valve 222, which acts as a buffer, decompression, diffusion cooling, and then the cooled exhaust gas passes through the air injection port 23 is sprayed to the atmosphere in a safe direction, so the process of Figure 1 can prevent the battery from exploding after spontaneous combustion, and prevent the occurrence of open flames, to avoid the occurrence of fire around the ignition. In addition, the blasting valve can directly use a conventional fire sprinkler for buildings or a membrane blasting safety valve conventionally used in the chemical industry, and the check valve can also be a check valve used in a general air compressor system.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a high-pressure check valve 222 installed in the tank 11 and a coolant spraying multi-tube body 34 are used in this embodiment, and the single cells 141 The bottom surface is fixedly attached to a thermally conductive substrate 341, and the cooling liquid spraying multi-tube body 34 includes a plurality of cooling liquid spraying ports A closely attached to the surface of the thermally conductive substrate 341.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the coolant spray port A in FIG. 2. One end of each coolant spray pipe 344 is attached to a fixing portion 342 of a thermally conductive substrate 341 by hot melt adhesive and blocked for cooling The liquid spray port A, and one end of a compression spring 343 is pressed against the thermally conductive substrate 341, and the other end is bound to the cooling liquid spray tube 344. The compression spring 343 gives the elastic force of the cooling liquid spray tube 344 away from the thermal conductive substrate 341 at any time. The coolant spray pipes 344 communicate with each other and communicate with the coolant tank 3 via the coolant connection port 13 (as shown in FIG. 2) of the battery pack main box 1.

When the heat of the thermally conductive substrate 341 reaches a certain temperature threshold, the coolant spray tube 344 attached to the thermally conductive substrate 341 will be degummed, and the compression spring 343 immediately pushes off the coolant spray tube 344 attached, As a result, the cooling liquid 322 is ejected into the casing 11.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the battery pack main box 1 is a one-piece structure, that is, in this embodiment, the cooling liquid tank 3 is directly disposed on the battery pack box 11, And form a connected structure. When any battery spontaneously ignites and the exhaust gas and temperature cause the relatively low pressure check valve 223 to open, the coolant 322 stored in the coolant tank 3 will be squeezed by the exhaust gas and flow into the tank 11 to produce a cooling effect. When the battery spontaneous combustion continues Intensified, the exhaust gas or the evaporative gas of the cooling liquid will push open the high-pressure check valve, so that the exhaust gas is discharged through the cooling liquid tank 3 which has been emptied like the exhaust pipe. It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the present invention can connect a plurality of battery pack main boxes 1 to a common exhaust pipe 2 by using a connecting pipe 221, which is suitable for being applied to current pure electric vehicles and also suitable for solar energy Regulate the energy storage battery pack of the power station to prevent fire.

In addition, the device shown in FIG. 4 can also be filled with a heat conductive melt (such as heat conductive silicone rubber) or heat conductive grease or the like in the coolant 322 of the coolant tank 3, which can also achieve the purpose of fire prevention.

In summary, the purpose of the present invention is to divide the numerous solid single cells 141 used in electric vehicles into smaller modules and place them in the airtight battery pack main box 1, once there is any battery Group 14 spontaneously ignites, so as to distinguish possible ignition sources and more effective fire prevention measures, and at the same time, a common exhaust pipe 2 and cooling liquid tank 3 are provided, which are respectively connected to the cooling liquid branch pipe through the exhaust branch pipe 22 32 is connected to the main box 1 of each battery pack. When any battery undergoes spontaneous combustion to generate exhaust gas or temperature rise, the air pressure and temperature of the battery box 1 will increase, so the high-pressure check valve 222 or membrane blast safety valve can be used to exhaust The channel 2 of the tube is automatically opened in time to exhaust the waste gas to the atmosphere. In addition, the exhaust pipe 2 is provided with a one-way valve (that is, a high-pressure check valve 222), which can prevent the atmosphere from flowing back into the battery box to ignite the internal flammable exhaust gas. At the same time, the coolant tank 3 will also be automatically opened in a timely manner. The cooling liquid 322 is poured into the battery main box 1 in time to play the role of the temperature of the diffusion heat concentration point. In addition, the heat of vaporization of the cooling liquid 322 and the heat of vaporization can also be used to take away the heat energy through the exhaust pipe 2 to lower the temperature and prevent the battery pack from overreacting due to excessive temperature. By using the above measures, it is possible to prevent the external temperature of the battery pack main box 1 from being too high to ignite surrounding objects, and also prevent the exhaust gas from burning and exploding in the battery pack main box 1, and allow the exhaust gas to diffuse in the exhaust pipe 2, It is buffered, guided, and directionally discharged into the atmosphere, thus achieving the purpose of fire prevention, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still classified as Within the scope of the invention patent.

1: total battery box 11: Cabinet 12: Exhaust connection 13: Coolant connection port 14: battery pack 141: single battery 143: electrode 144: wiring harness 145: Wire access 2: exhaust pipe 21: Tube body 22: Exhaust branch 221: connecting pipe 222: High pressure check valve 223: High pressure blast valve 23: Jet port 3: Coolant tank 31: tank body 32: Coolant branch 321: Low pressure blast valve 322: Coolant 34: Coolant spraying multiple tubes 341: Thermally conductive substrate 342: fixed part 343: Compression spring 344: Coolant spray pipe A: Coolant spray port B: external

Other features and functions of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: 1 is a layout diagram of a fire protection device for a solid-state battery using a burst valve method of the present invention; Figure 2 shows the layout of a fire protection device that uses an exhaust pipe check valve and hot melt spraying coolant; Figure 3 is a detailed view of the hot melt spraying coolant in Figure 2; and Fig. 4 shows a combined layout of a combined battery box and exhaust pipe.

1: total battery box

11: Cabinet

12: Exhaust connection

13: Coolant connection port

14: battery pack

22: Exhaust branch

222: High pressure check valve

223: High pressure blast valve

23: Jet port

3: Coolant tank

141: single battery

143: electrode

144: wiring harness

145: Wire access

2: exhaust pipe

21: Tube body

31: tank body

32: Coolant branch

321: Low pressure blast valve

322: Coolant

B: external

Claims (6)

A fire protection device for solid-state batteries, comprising: at least one battery pack, which is composed of at least one single battery, and the positive and negative electrodes between the at least one single battery are connected by wires to output electrical energy and voltage and current information; one Exhaust pipe, including at least one exhaust branch pipe and at least one jet port; at least one battery pack main box body, the internal space of which is sufficient to place the at least one battery pack and retain proper ventilation exhaust space, the battery pack main box The body is provided with at least one exhaust connection port for connecting the exhaust branch of the exhaust pipe, so as to conduct the exhaust gas generated by the at least one battery pack, and at least one wire inlet and outlet is provided to allow the wires of the at least one battery pack to lead to Outside of the at least one battery pack main box; and at least one high-pressure check valve, connected between the gas injection port of the exhaust pipe and the exhaust gas connection port of the at least one battery pack main box, for Prevent the outside atmosphere from flowing into the battery pack main box. When the high-pressure check valve is opened, the exhaust gas generated by the battery pack can be circulated to the exhaust pipe and discharged to the atmosphere through the air injection port . The fire protection device for a solid-state battery according to claim 1, further comprising at least one high-pressure blasting valve. When the air pressure in the main box of the battery pack rises to a set level, the high-pressure blasting valve will rupture and allow the exhaust gas to be discharged The exhaust pipe. The fire protection device for a solid-state battery according to claim 1, further comprising: a common coolant tank, which stores an appropriate amount of coolant and has At least one coolant branch pipe is respectively connected to the at least one battery pack main box; and at least one low-pressure blasting valve connected to the at least one coolant branch pipe and the coolant connection port on the at least one battery pack main box In order to prevent the cooling fluid from flowing into the at least one battery pack main box, when the low-pressure blast valve ruptures, the cooling liquid can be allowed to flow into the at least one battery pack main box. The fireproof device for solid-state batteries according to claim 3, further comprising: at least one heat-conducting substrate, which is closely attached to the surface of the corresponding single cell for rapid heat conduction; and at least one coolant spray tube, one end of which is licked on The thermally conductive substrate blocks an outlet of the cooling spray pipe, and at the same time, a compression spring is used to obtain a force to release the licking. Another port of the cooling liquid spray pipe is connected to the at least one battery pack respectively When the heat of the thermally conductive substrate reaches a certain level in the cooling fluid connection port in the main box, the cooling fluid spray tube attached to the thermally conductive substrate will be detached and the cooling fluid will be sprayed out. The fireproof device for solid-state batteries according to claim 1, wherein the at least one battery pack main tank and the exhaust pipe are a one-piece structure, and the exhaust pipe is filled with a cooling liquid inside the exhaust pipe The high-pressure check valve is connected to the atmosphere end to prevent atmospheric inflow, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the at least one battery pack main tank end, and a low-pressure check valve is installed to prevent the coolant from flowing into the at least one Inside the main box of the battery pack. The fire protection device for solid-state batteries as described in claim 3, further comprising a thermally conductive melt The glue is filled in the cooling liquid tank.

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