CN216238416U - Ecological tunnel structure with fish passing function - Google Patents

Abstract

An ecological tunnel structure with fish passing function, comprising: tunnel entrance section, tunnel section of body, tunnel export section, tunnel entrance section links to each other with the river course upper reaches, tunnel export section links to each other with the river course low reaches, tunnel section of body will tunnel entrance section with tunnel export section is connected, tunnel entrance section tunnel section of body with tunnel export section bottom is the echelonment. The ecological design of the ecological tunnel structure meets the requirements of upstream migration and communication of fishes in the river during the breeding period, keeps the connectivity of the river, increases the diversity of organisms and maintains the stability of a river ecosystem.

Description

Ecological tunnel structure with fish passing function

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy and traffic engineering construction, in particular to an ecological tunnel structure with a fish passing function.

Background

The tunnel is usually selected according to relevant design specifications by considering factors such as geology, topography, water conservancy, construction and the like, structurally meets requirements such as stable water flow, silt prevention, scour prevention, engineering safety and the like, a tunnel body usually adopts sprayed concrete, anchor rods to spray concrete or reinforced concrete, the bottom of the tunnel is kept smooth, and compared with a natural brook, the tunnel is a structure in a complete artificial canalization form.

Although the tunnel does not obstruct the form of a natural river like a river blocking dam, the communication of fishes in the river at the upstream and the downstream of the dam is influenced, the channel of the natural river channel is changed by cutting and bending, the flow of the river channel is shortened, the specific drop of the river channel is increased, canalization characteristics are presented in the tunnel, the roughness reduces the flow rate and increases the flow speed, and although the river at the upstream and the downstream of the tunnel is still communicated, the normal upstream and the return of the fishes are difficult due to the change of the flow speed, the slope, the bottom quality and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ecological tunnel structure with a fish passing function, and solves the problems that when a water passing tunnel is constructed by artificially disturbing an original river channel, the river channel gradient is increased, canalization characteristics are presented in the tunnel, the roughness rate is reduced, the flow rate is increased, and fishes cannot normally return to the back to finish propagation due to changes of the flow rate, slope drop, substrate and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an ecological tunnel structure with a fish passing function, which is connected with a natural river way traced upward by fishes, and comprises: tunnel entrance, tunnel segment, tunnel exit, tunnel entrance links to each other with the river course upper reaches, tunnel exit links to each other with the river course low reaches, tunnel segment will tunnel exit the segment with tunnel entrance is connected, tunnel entrance the segment tunnel segment with tunnel exit the segment bottom is the echelonment.

Preferably, the bottom of the tunnel entrance section, the tunnel body section and the tunnel exit section are provided with a plurality of fish blocking sills.

Preferably, the fish blocking ridge is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel entrance section, the bottom of the tunnel body section and the bottom of the tunnel exit section and is in a step shape.

Preferably, the fish blocking threshold is of the overflow weir type.

Preferably, the cross section of the fish blocking ridge is triangular, and the top of the fish blocking ridge is arc-shaped.

Preferably, the tunnel entrance section and the tunnel exit section are trumpet shaped.

Preferably, the tunnel entrance section and the tunnel exit section comprise: the concrete barricade that both sides set up with block the fish bank, block the fish bank and set up in both sides by level in the concrete barricade.

Preferably, the cross section of the tunnel body section is arched, and the bottom of the tunnel body section is paved with gravel and eggs which are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the tunnel entrance section bottom, the tunnel body section bottom, the tunnel exit section bottom and the fish blocking ridge are all of a concrete structure.

According to the ecological tunnel structure with the fish passing function, provided by the utility model, through the ecological design of the tunnel inlet and outlet and the bottom of the tunnel body, the tunnel and the overflow weir type fish blocking ridges arranged at the tunnel inlet and outlet meet the requirements of upstream migration and alternating communication of fishes in a river in the breeding period, so that the connectivity of the river is recovered, the diversity of organisms is increased, and the stability of a river ecological system is maintained.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of an entrance section of the ecological tunnel.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the entrance section of the ecological tunnel of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the ecological tunnel body section of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the plane structure of the ecological tunnel body section of the utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3 according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional structure view of the exit section of the ecological tunnel of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic plane structure diagram of the exit section of the ecological tunnel of the utility model.

In the figure:

1. the tunnel comprises a tunnel entrance section 2, a tunnel body section 3, a tunnel exit section 4, fish blocking ridges 5, water level lines 6, bedrocks 7, a concrete bottom plate 8, a river channel and tunnel center line 9, original river channel side lines 1-1, an entrance section concrete retaining wall 2-1, gravel stone bedding 2-2, a concrete hole body 2-3, a hole body concrete bottom plate 3-1 entrance section concrete retaining wall 10-1, a tunnel entrance section and natural river channel joint 10-2, a tunnel entrance section and tunnel joint 10-3, a tunnel exit section and tunnel joint 10-4, a tunnel exit section and natural river channel joint 10-4

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments.

The utility model discloses an ecological tunnel structure with a fish passing function, which is characterized in that the water flow ratio is not more than 1: 20, a pressureless tunnel with a shorter tunnel body. The ecological tunnel structure is arranged on a mountain stream river and comprises a tunnel entrance section 1, a tunnel body section 2 and a tunnel exit section 3. Tunnel induction zone 1 and fish go up to natural river way exit linkage, tunnel export section 3 and fish go up to natural river way entry and be connected, tunnel body 2 is connected tunnel induction zone 1 and tunnel export section 3. The tunnel entrance section, the tunnel body section and the tunnel exit section bottom are in a ladder shape, so that the water flow speed can be reduced, and fishes can temporarily inhabit after going up to one step.

The tunnel entrance section 1 is a fish upstream exit, the tunnel body section 2 is a fish upstream passage, and the tunnel exit section 3 is a fish upstream entrance. In the embodiment, the arrow direction is the water flow direction, and fish trace back the migration upward in the reverse water flow direction below the water surface line 5, enter the tunnel exit section 3 along the entry of the natural river downstream, pass through the tunnel body section 2, and finally swim out of the ecological tunnel structure from the tunnel entrance section 1, arrive at the natural river exit and enter the natural river upstream, and finally complete the upstream tracing and migration in the breeding season.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tunnel entrance section 1 is in a trumpet shape and naturally connected with the exit of the natural river channel according to the water flow ratio, the natural river channel coincides with the center line of the tunnel exit section 1, and fish smoothly enter the river channel from the tunnel exit section 1. A plurality of fish blocking sills 4 are arranged on a ramp of the tunnel entrance section 1, and concrete retaining walls are arranged on two sides of the ramp according to topographic conditions. The bottom of the tunnel entrance section 1 is in a step shape connected with each other according to the descending ratio. The bottom of the tunnel entrance section 1 is arranged on a base body with certain strength after treatment, and can also be directly arranged on bedrock and fixed by concrete materials.

As shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the fish blocking ridge 4 is triangular, and can be arranged on the descending edge of the ladder-shaped bottom of the tunnel entrance section 1, the tunnel body section 2 and the tunnel exit section 3, the top of the fish blocking ridge 4 is exposed to a height of one step bottom surface, and the water surface line 5 exceeds the top of the fish blocking ridge 4, so that the fishes can jump along the water flow, can cross the top of the fish blocking ridge 4, and reach the top of the last step bottom surface. The top of fish bank 4 sets up in arc, avoids fish to trace back the migration to block the top of fish bank 4 by the fish tail. The water tank with a certain depth is formed between every two fish blocking ridges 4, so that fishes can conveniently have a short rest after jumping one step, and cannot be exhausted and brought into downstream by water flow. The fish blocking ridge 4 is designed according to the form of an overflow weir, the form of the water drop is smooth, and the fish can swim upwards and jump to the greatest extent.

As shown in fig. 3, the section of the ecological tunnel body 2 is arched, and a plurality of fish blocking sills 4 are arranged on the ramp according to the specific height of the ecological tunnel body 2. As shown in figures 4, 5 and 6, the bottom of the tunnel pool is paved with cobbles, the cobbles are arranged in a staggered mode and fixed by cement pouring, and the cobbles are ensured not to be washed away by water flow. The tunnel bottom of paving the gravel increases the roughness, more approaches the habitat condition of natural river, has improved the experience of fish migration of tracing upward, makes things convenient for fish adaptation environment more. The bottom 2-3 and the wall 2-2 of the tunnel are lined by concrete, so that the structural strength of the tunnel body is ensured.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tunnel exit section 3 has the same structure as the tunnel entrance section 1, and the ecological tunnel exit section 3 is naturally connected with the downstream section of the natural river. And (3) the fishes flow from the natural river channel to the ecological tunnel through the tunnel outlet section 3 in a reverse flow manner from the downstream, and begin to migrate from the downstream to the upstream.

The ecological tunnel structure with the fish passing function can guide upstream water flow into downstream, and natural flow from the upstream to the downstream is realized. The fish continuously swim along the natural river channel from the downstream of the water flow, enter the tunnel outlet section 3, jump to and pass through each fish blocking bank 4 and reach two water pools between the fish blocking banks 4, and have a short rest. Continuously moving upwards to jump over the fish blocking sills 4, resting, then moving upwards, continuously circulating, finally passing through the tunnel body section 2 and the tunnel inlet section 1, and entering the upstream of the natural river channel. And the fish continuously swims to finally reach a breeding habitat to finish the breeding of the fish population.

The fish blocking ridges with the overflow weir type are arranged on the ecological tunnel structure with the fish passing function, the structure is simple and feasible, the effect is obvious, the requirements of upward migration and water flow communication in the fish breeding period after artificial interference on an original river channel are effectively met, and the ecological system stability and the diversity of a river are maintained.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an ecological tunnel structure with cross fish function which characterized in that includes: tunnel entrance, tunnel segment, tunnel exit, tunnel entrance links to each other with the river course upper reaches, tunnel exit links to each other with the river course low reaches, tunnel segment will tunnel exit the segment with tunnel entrance is connected, tunnel entrance the segment tunnel segment with tunnel exit the segment bottom is the echelonment.

2. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 1, wherein at least one fish blocking ridge is arranged at the bottom of each of the tunnel entrance section, the tunnel body section and the tunnel exit section.

3. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 2, wherein the fish blocking ridges are arranged at the bottom of the tunnel entrance section, the bottom of the tunnel body section and the bottom of the tunnel exit section and are in a step shape.

4. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 3, wherein the fish blocking sill is of the overflow weir type.

5. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 4, wherein the fish blocking ridge is triangular in cross section, and the top of the fish blocking ridge is circular arc-shaped.

6. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 2, wherein the tunnel entrance section and the tunnel exit section are trumpet-shaped.

7. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 6, wherein the tunnel entrance section and the tunnel exit section comprise: the concrete barricade that both sides set up with block the fish bank, block the fish bank and set up in both sides by level in the concrete barricade.

8. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 2, wherein the tunnel body section is arched in cross section, and criss-cross gravel is laid on the bottom of the tunnel body section.

9. The ecological tunnel structure of claim 2, wherein the tunnel entrance section bottom, the tunnel body section bottom, the tunnel exit section bottom and the fish blocking sill are all concrete structures.

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