CN215165360U

CN215165360U - Landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishway

Info

Publication number: CN215165360U
Application number: CN202120928172.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 荣华; 黄森军; 张歌; 张凤山
Original assignee: PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
Current assignee: PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2021-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a view drop structure suitable for found fishway. The utility model aims at providing a view drop structure suitable for found fishway. The utility model is suitable for a hydraulic engineering and water ecological management technical field. The technical scheme of the utility model is that: the utility model provides a view drop structure suitable for found fishway which characterized in that: the weir body is used as a water retaining building, the downstream overflowing surface of the weir body is provided with a plurality of stages of cascade stepped drop, and each stage of stepped drop consists of a drop pool and a drop wall positioned at the downstream side edge of the drop pool; the water drop wall is formed by combining landscape placing stones and filling stones, wherein the grain diameters of the landscape placing stones are larger than those of the filling stones, the filling stones are used for controlling the depth of the corresponding water drop pool, the top surfaces of the filling stones form a fishway, and the height difference between the top of the filling stones and the water surface of the water drop pool in the next stage of stepped water drop is smaller than the jump height of fish migration.

Description

Landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishway

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a view drop structure suitable for found fishway. Is suitable for the technical field of hydraulic engineering and water ecological management.

Background

Drop is one of four elements of landscape design, and is frequently applied to urban rivers and part of rural rivers with landscape and tourism requirements along with the continuous improvement of the requirements of people on living quality. On one hand, the water drop structure can be combined with a weir dam and the like to raise the upstream water level to form a certain water depth and water surface, so that the ecological landscape requirement is met; on the other hand, the water flow velocity is increased by utilizing the terrain height difference design, the current situation of insufficient river flow power is improved, and the water quality of the river is improved by aeration and oxygenation.

At present, the common water drop structure only considers the aspects of water conservancy, landscape, water quality improvement and the like, the height difference of the water drop weir is large, the consideration on the longitudinal ecological continuity of a river is insufficient, the migration of fishes is not designed, the natural channel of the fishes is blocked, and the protection of the biological diversity of the river is not facilitated. Therefore, a novel drop structure which has the traditional water conservancy function and can also take into account multiple functions such as ecology, landscape, hydrophilicity and the like is needed to be designed, and the problem of blocking the longitudinal connectivity of the river under the influence of the height difference of the traditional drop weir is solved.

The Chinese patent with the patent application number of 201810974724 discloses an ecological landscape barrage and a construction method thereof, wherein the ecological landscape barrage comprises a barrage and various levels of water drops, the barrage is a water retaining building, the downstream of the barrage is closely adjacent to the barrage and is provided with a zigzag multi-stage serial water drop to form a multi-stage artificial waterfall with variable drop height, drop pools are respectively arranged between the barrage and the first level of water drop and between the various levels of water drops to dissipate energy, and meanwhile, a fishway is arranged by utilizing the serial multi-stage water drops or a fish ladder is directly formed to be used as a biological migration channel; all levels of drop pools are also used as landscape pools; in addition, for the weir dam which does not overflow in the dry season, the middle part of the weir dam is provided with an ecological flow discharge hole which is also used as a fish passing hole. The fishway that this patent was published adopts the fish ladder form, and the fishway sets up the space and receives requirements restrictions such as river course width, pleasing to the eye, and the form is single, and the fishway sets up the space limited. In addition, the artificial design trace of the structure is heavy, the integration with the natural environment is not considered, and the artificial design trace is only suitable for urbanized landscape riverways and is not suitable for the construction of near-natural riverways.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: in view of the problems, the landscape drop structure suitable for constructing the fishway is provided.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model provides a view drop structure suitable for found fishway which characterized in that: the weir body is used as a water retaining building, the downstream overflowing surface of the weir body is provided with a plurality of stages of cascade stepped drop, and each stage of stepped drop consists of a drop pool and a drop wall positioned at the downstream side edge of the drop pool;

the water drop wall is formed by combining landscape placing stones and filling stones, wherein the grain diameters of the landscape placing stones are larger than those of the filling stones, the filling stones are used for controlling the depth of the corresponding water drop pool, the top surfaces of the filling stones form a fishway, and the height difference between the top of the filling stones and the water surface of the water drop pool in the next stage of stepped water drop is smaller than the jump height of fish migration.

The grain size of the landscape stone is 30-50 cm; the particle size of the filling stone is 15 cm-20 cm.

The height of the falling threshold of the stepped water drop is 20-40 cm, and the height difference between the top of the filling stone and the water surface of the water pool in the next stepped water drop is less than 40 cm.

The drop pool adopts pebble pavement.

The weir crest downstream edge of the weir body and the falling ridge form of the step-shaped water falling are set to be straight lines or curves.

The weir crest of the weir body is provided with a stating step and an ecological flow discharge hole is reserved.

The weir body is arranged on a concrete foundation, and the lower stream of the weir body is sequentially provided with a stilling pool and a riprap protection.

The depth of the stilling pool is not less than 50 cm.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses set up multistage serial-type notch cuttype drop at weir body low reaches overflow surface, notch cuttype drop comprises drop pond, drop wall, forms pond-bank type fishway, as fish migration passageway.

The drop pool of the utility model keeps a certain water storage depth, meets the requirement of fish migration and jumping, and is used as a rest place when fishes migrate; and pebble pavement is adopted in the water drop pool to construct an imitated natural river bottom. The water drop wall is formed by combining landscape placing stones and filling stones, is positioned at the edge of the water drop pool, and is arranged at intervals, and the grain size of the landscape placing stones is larger than that of the filling stones, so that areas with different water depths and flow states can be formed in the water drop pool; the filling stone is used for controlling the depth of the water drop pool, and the height difference between the top of the filling stone and the water surface of the next-stage water pool is smaller than the jump height of fish migration to form a fishway.

The utility model discloses well view is put stone, is filled the stone material and is adopted natural stone, acquires easily, can draw materials on the spot, and the construction cost is low, and is high with the fusion degree of local environment, and convenient construction, simple.

The utility model discloses well drop structural style is nimble, through multistage serial-type notch cuttype drop, can provide the space of leaping for the fish of different depth of water demands, has solved the vertical connectivity that traditional drop weir height fall influences the river and has blocked the problem, has ensured the fish migration passageway.

The utility model discloses compromise water conservancy, view and ecological function, can be used to the water ecosystem and restore, fuse with river ecological landscape, be favorable to protecting river biodiversity, promote flat, facade view effect of weir dam and view level, have apparent economy, society and environmental benefit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the embodiment.

Fig. 3 is an elevation view schematically illustrating the embodiment.

10. A weir body; 20. step-shaped water drop; 21. a drop pool; 22. a drop wall; 23. pebbles; 24. placing stones in the landscape; 25. filling the stone; 30. a fishway; 11. a concrete foundation; 12. a stilling pool; 13. protecting against riprap; 14. retaining walls; 15. and (6) a weir crest.

Detailed Description

The embodiment is a landscape drop structure suitable for constructing a fishway, which is provided with a concrete foundation arranged on a riverbed, wherein the concrete foundation is provided with a weir body, and the concrete foundation meets the requirements of the integral structure on bearing capacity, overturn resistance and impermeability; the weir body is a water retaining structure, and realizes the functions of water conservation, water overflowing, water surface formation and other water conservation and ecological landscapes.

In the embodiment, a plurality of stages of cascade-type stepped drop are arranged on the downstream overflowing surface of the weir body, each stage of cascade-type drop consists of a drop pool and a drop wall, and the drop wall is positioned on the downstream side edge of the drop pool.

In this embodiment, the drop basin is paved with pebbles to construct an artificial river bottom. Length of the water drop pool along the water flow directionLGenerally, the particle size of the pebbles is about 5cm, and the depth of the pebbles embedded into the surface of the water drop pool is 2-3 cm.

In the embodiment, the drop wall is formed by combining landscape stone-placing and filling stones arranged at the edge of the drop pool, the landscape stone-placing and the filling stones are arranged at intervals, and the grain diameter of the landscape stone-placing is larger than that of the filling stones, so that areas with different water depths and flow states can be formed in the drop pool; the filling stone is used for controlling the depth of the water drop tank, the height difference between the top of the filling stone and the water surface of the water drop tank in the next stage of stepped water drop is smaller than the jump height of the migration of fishes, and a fishway is formed at the top of the filling stone.

In the embodiment, the landscape stone and the filling stone are natural stones which are easily obtained, can be obtained from local materials, are low in construction cost and have high fusion degree with the local environment. The grain size of the landscape stone is 30-50 cm; the particle size of the filling stone is 15 cm-20 cm, the height of the threshold is 20-40 cm, and the height difference between the top of the filling stone and the water surface of the next-stage water pool is controlled to be less than 40 cm. The continuous arrangement width B of the filling stones is the width of the fishway, generally not less than 0.8m, and the particle size and the continuous arrangement width of the filling stones can be adjusted according to the width of the river channel, the height and habit (water depth requirement) of the fish passing object and the like.

In the embodiment, a stilling pool and a riprap protection are sequentially arranged on the downstream side of the weir body, wherein the depth of the stilling pool is not less than 50cm, so that on one hand, the leakage energy is dissipated, and on the other hand, a rest buffer place is provided for migratory fishes; the riprap protection is close to the downstream of the stilling pool, so that the damage of water flow to the bottom of the river bed is reduced. The two ends of the weir body of the embodiment are well connected with retaining walls on two sides of the river channel.

In the embodiment, the downstream edge of the weir crest of the weir body and the falling ridge form of the step-type falling water can be set to be straight lines or curves, and can be freely changed according to landscape requirements. In order to increase the hydrophilicity, the weir crest can be provided with the stating step and the ecological flow discharge hole is reserved, so that the design has the hydrophilic function in addition to the water conservancy and ecological landscape functions.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only used for explaining the utility model concept, and not to the limit of the utility model protection, and all utilize this concept to be right the utility model discloses carry out insubstantial change, all shall fall into the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a view drop structure suitable for found fishway which characterized in that: the weir body is used as a water retaining building, the downstream overflowing surface of the weir body is provided with a plurality of stages of cascade stepped drop, and each stage of stepped drop consists of a drop pool and a drop wall positioned at the downstream side edge of the drop pool;

2. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 1, wherein: the grain size of the landscape stone is 30-50 cm; the particle size of the filling stone is 15 cm-20 cm.

3. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing a fishway according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the height of the falling threshold of the stepped water drop is 20-40 cm, and the height difference between the top of the filling stone and the water surface of the water pool in the next stepped water drop is less than 40 cm.

4. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 1, wherein: the drop pool adopts pebble pavement.

5. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 1, wherein: the weir crest downstream edge of the weir body and the falling ridge form of the step-shaped water falling are set to be straight lines or curves.

6. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 1, wherein: the weir crest of the weir body is provided with a stating step and an ecological flow discharge hole is reserved.

7. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 1, wherein: the weir body is arranged on a concrete foundation, and the lower stream of the weir body is sequentially provided with a stilling pool and a riprap protection.

8. The landscape drop structure suitable for constructing fishways of claim 7, wherein: the depth of the stilling pool is not less than 50 cm.