CN216164155U - Water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN216164155U CN216164155U CN202122697170.8U CN202122697170U CN216164155U CN 216164155 U CN216164155 U CN 216164155U CN 202122697170 U CN202122697170 U CN 202122697170U CN 216164155 U CN216164155 U CN 216164155U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands, which comprises a planting groove, wherein waterproof films are covered at the bottom and two sides of the planting groove; the non-woven fabric covers the waterproof membrane; the guide plate is laid at the bottom of the planting groove and is positioned between the waterproof film and the non-woven fabric; the matrix sand is filled in the planting groove and is positioned above the non-woven fabric; the fertilization and drip irrigation device comprises a water reservoir, a fertilizer applicator and a drip irrigation belt, wherein the water reservoir is connected with a water pipe of the fertilizer applicator, a stirring mechanism for stirring fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer applicator, the drip irrigation belt is connected with the fertilizer applicator, and the drip irrigation belt is laid on matrix sand; the reflux pipe is horizontally laid at the bottom of the planting groove at one end and is communicated with the bottom of the planting groove; the collecting tank is arranged at one end of the return pipe and is used for collecting the water and fertilizer in the return pipe; the extraction pump is located the collecting vat, and the one end of introducing pipe is connected to the extraction pump, and the other end and the cistern of introducing pipe are connected.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali soil.
Background
Along with the continuous development of society, land resources are increasingly more tense, particularly, the requirements for protecting grain cultivated land and forestry land are higher and higher, the land is cool in western regions of China, and the climate is arid, but the land resources are sufficient, so that the better development and utilization are the problems which are difficult to solve at present, the land area accounts for one sixth of the total area of the whole country by taking Sinkiang as an example, the land area is one sixth of the total area of the whole country, the wide hills, gobi beaches and saline-alkali lands are arranged in the wide desert regions, the resources are always in an undeveloped state although the resources are wide, sand, salt and alkali and the like determine the unavailability, and the problem that how to develop and utilize the gobi and the saline-alkali lands to change waste into valuable to realize agricultural production and create economic value is urgently solved.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali soil.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the utility model provides a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands, which is convenient for optimizing and developing gobi land resources, and saves water and fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands is arranged in a film greenhouse and comprises:
the planting groove is covered with waterproof films at the bottom and two sides of the planting groove;
non-woven fabrics; the non-woven fabric covers the waterproof membrane;
the guide plate is laid at the bottom of the planting groove and is positioned between the waterproof film and the non-woven fabric;
the matrix sand is filled in the planting groove and is positioned above the non-woven fabric;
the fertilizer applying and drip irrigation device comprises a water storage tank, a fertilizer applying machine and a drip irrigation belt, wherein the water storage tank is connected with a water pipe of the fertilizer applying machine, a stirring mechanism for stirring fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer applying machine, the drip irrigation belt is connected with the fertilizer applying machine, and the drip irrigation belt is laid on matrix sand; the fertilizer applicator is a water and fertilizer integrated machine;
the reflux pipe is horizontally laid at the bottom of the planting groove at one end and is communicated with the bottom of the planting groove;
the collecting tank is arranged at one end of the return pipe and is used for collecting the liquid manure in the return pipe;
the extraction pump is located in the collecting tank and connected with one end of a guide pipe, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected with the water storage tank.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the planting tank is internally paved with a waterproof film and non-woven fabrics, the waterproof film can prevent seepage and retain water, a guide plate is paved between the waterproof film and the non-woven fabrics, matrix sand is filled in the planting tank and is positioned above the non-woven fabrics, the matrix sand provides necessary growth conditions for vegetable planting, the paving of the non-woven fabrics protects the waterproof film to a certain extent, rootstocks or foreign matters of vegetables are prevented from puncturing the waterproof film, the fertilizing and drip irrigation device comprises a reservoir, a fertilizer applicator and a drip irrigation belt, the reservoir is used for storing necessary water for vegetable planting, the fertilizer applicator is internally used for adding fertilizer, water passing through the reservoir is stirred and mixed with the fertilizer to form water fertilizer, the water fertilizer is dripped onto the matrix sand through the drip irrigation belt, the vegetable growth and absorption are carried out after drip irrigation, the excessive water fertilizer is guided to one end with low land potential through the guide plate at the bottom of the planting tank, a return pipe receives the excessive water fertilizer, the excessive water fertilizer is collected by a collecting tank and flows back to the reservoir through an extraction pump, the utility model can recycle the surplus unabsorbed water fertilizer due to the return pipe and the collecting tank, thereby saving the labor cost.
Preferably, the cross section of the planting groove is rectangular, the groove bottom of the planting groove gradually rises from one end to the other end, and the fall height is 4-6 cm; the backflow pipe is arranged at one end of the bottom of the planting groove in a low-lying manner.
Preferably, every two drip irrigation belts are grouped, all the drip irrigation belts are laid above the matrix sand, the pipe diameter of each drip irrigation belt is 10-20 mm, drip holes are formed in the drip irrigation belts at intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent drip holes is 10-20 cm.
Preferably, the switch of the extraction pump is a liquid level float switch, and a float is positioned in the collecting tank.
Preferably, the planting grooves comprise a plurality of planting grooves, a management channel is formed between every two adjacent planting grooves, ground cloth is laid on the management channel, and the width of the management channel ranges from 90cm to 100 cm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-saving fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a planting slot of a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands, which is positioned in a film greenhouse;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a planting groove of the water-saving fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for the gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil.
1 thin film greenhouse, 2 planting grooves, 3 waterproof films, 4 non-woven fabrics, 5 guide plates, 6 matrix sands, 7 fertilization and drip irrigation devices, 701 water storage tank, 702 fertilizer applicator, 703 drip irrigation belt, 8 leading pipe, 9 return pipe, 10 collecting tank, 11 extraction pump and 12 management channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 to 3 of the utility model, a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for gobi deserts and saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the utility model is arranged in a thin film greenhouse 1, and comprises:
the planting groove 2 is covered with waterproof films 3 at the bottom and two sides of the planting groove 2;
a non-woven fabric 4; the non-woven fabric 4 is covered above the waterproof membrane 3;
the guide plate 5 is paved at the bottom of the planting groove 2 and is positioned between the waterproof film 3 and the non-woven fabric 4;
the matrix sand 6 is filled in the planting groove 2 and is positioned above the non-woven fabric 4;
the fertilizer applying and drip irrigation device 7 comprises a water storage tank 701, a fertilizer applying machine 702 and a drip irrigation belt 703, wherein the water storage tank 701 is connected with the fertilizer applying machine 702 through a water pipe, a stirring mechanism for stirring fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer applying machine 702, the drip irrigation belt 703 is connected with the fertilizer applying machine 702 through a pipe so that water and fertilizer in the fertilizer applying machine can flow onto matrix sand through the drip irrigation belt, and the drip irrigation belt 703 is paved on the top of the matrix sand 6;
the return pipe 9 is horizontally laid at the bottom of the planting groove 2 at one end of the planting groove 9 and is communicated with the bottom of the planting groove 2;
the collecting tank 10 is arranged at one end of the return pipe 9, and the collecting tank 10 is used for collecting the liquid manure in the return pipe;
the extraction pump 11, the extraction pump 11 is located in the collecting tank 10, the extraction pump 11 is connected with one end of the guide pipe 8, and the other end of the guide pipe 8 is connected with the water storage tank 701.
In other embodiments, the cross section of the planting groove 2 is rectangular, the groove bottom of the planting groove 2 gradually rises from one end to the other end, and the fall height is 5 cm; the return pipe 9 is arranged at one end of the bottom of the planting groove 2 with low ground. And is connected with the return pipe and the planting tank through a bypass valve.
In other embodiments, the drip irrigation tapes 703 are grouped in pairs, and are laid above the matrix sand 6, the pipe diameter of the drip irrigation tapes 703 is 15mm, drip holes are formed in the drip irrigation tapes 703 at intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent drip holes is 15 cm.
In other embodiments, the switch of the extraction pump 11 is a float level switch, the float being located inside the collection tank 10. Realizing the automatic control of the extraction pump.
Specifically, the planting grooves 2 comprise a plurality of planting grooves, a management channel 12 is formed between every two adjacent planting grooves 2, ground cloth is laid on the management channel 12, and the width of the management channel is 90 cm.
The specific implementation process of the utility model is as follows:
a sunlight greenhouse is built in a Gobi stand, the advantage that the Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil are sufficient in sunlight is fully utilized to provide growing conditions for growing crops, then gravel ground is leveled in the greenhouse to ensure even lighting and even watering of the crops, then the gravel ground is measured and set off to prepare ditching and digging planting grooves, the planting grooves are dug in the south and north directions and are arranged in the east and west directions, the digging width of the planting grooves is 50cm and the depth is 50cm according to the requirements of normal vegetable planting management, the distance between the two planting grooves is 90cm, the positions are used as a road ridge area where production managers walk, and a group of crop planting units are distributed every 140 cm. The method is also designed according to planting experience, namely, the planting density of the crops is improved, the yield is improved, and the production environment of the crops is ensured to be fully daylighting and ventilated for cooling.
And (2) the excavation of the planting groove is standard, the north-south height of the planting groove is ensured, the difference between the south and the north is 5cm, after the planting groove is excavated, a waterproof film is laid on the planting groove until the bottom and the side surfaces are completely covered, a guide plate is laid on the film, the specification is 50cm x 50cm, a layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the guide plate after the guide plate is laid, the specification is 500g/m2, sand of 40cm is filled on the non-woven fabric to serve as a substrate for crop growth, finally, the edges of two sides of the upper opening of the planting groove are bricked by red bricks and are laid between the two planting grooves, and thus the work of a sand culture section is basically completed. The second step is the installation of a matched water and fertilizer integration facility, and the main principle of the water and fertilizer integration is a novel efficient water-saving fertilizer-saving irrigation mode and a novel technology which can realize efficient water saving and fertilizer consumption reduction through a drip irrigation facility according to different growth stages of crops and different requirements of rich water and can ensure the nutritional requirements of the normal growth of the crops. The capacity of the water storage tank is 3-5m3, a concrete pool or a large plastic bucket, a glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tank and the like can be used, the fertilizer stirring bucket can select plastic buckets with different capacities, the capacity of 200L can be normally selected, and the fertilizer applicator is provided with a stirring mechanism which can realize rapid stirring and uniform dissolution of fertilizer. The fertilizer applicator can realize scientific supply and application of fertilizer components through the technological parameter operation of a timing and quantitative switch according to the nutrient component demand of normal growth of crops, two drip irrigation belts with the diameter of 15mm are paved on a crop planting groove, the normal drip hole interval is 15cm, and the uniformity of drip irrigation watering can be fully ensured.
The third step is the installation of rich water recovery system, and specific principle is that the surplus rich water solution that permeates into the guide plate in the sand culture substrate in the planting groove flows out to the low-lying exit in the south of planting groove, and in the basin that flows back to water and fertilizer all-in-one department through the diameter 110pvc return water pipe who lays in this portion, the rich water solution in this basin is carried to the cistern through the automatic pump that uses of liquid level controller, realizes the cyclic utilization of rich water solution, and specific installation link is: a bypass valve with the diameter of 32mm is installed at the low-lying port end of the south of the sand culture planting tank and connected with a return water main pipeline with the diameter of 110pvc pipe, a 200L return water storage tank (collection tank) is installed at the return water tail end of the pcv pipeline, a liquid level floating ball switch is installed in the storage tank to realize the automatic water lifting function, and the fertilizer water solution is automatically lifted to the reservoir to realize the recycling function.
Firstly, water for fully watering the land is stored in a reservoir to ensure the required amount of normal water for crops, secondly, fertilizer required by the growth of the crops is dissolved and diluted to reasonable concentration according to the normal required amount and the concentration requirement, prepared solution is stored in a fertilizer solution stirring barrel, and fertilizer components are uniformly dissolved by using a stirring mechanism. And thirdly, turning on all switches of the main pipeline, starting a water pump of the main pipeline to start drip irrigation and watering, starting the fertilizer applicator at the same time, delaying for 3 minutes by using a delay switch to start a fertilizer suction and delivery action process, and realizing the automatic water and fertilizer supply function by setting operation time according to different contents of the components of the solution fertilizer and the demand of crops. And after the operation of the fertilization link is finished, the water pump of the water storage tank continuously performs the operation of the watering link according to the demand of crops, the automatic water and fertilizer supply function is realized according to the set operation time, the operation flow of the watering link is stopped, and the residual fertilizer components in the pipeline are thoroughly washed by the way. And in the fifth step of the fertilizer water recovery process of the water return system, redundant fertilizer water solution in the planting groove flows back to the water return main pipeline and finally flows into the recovery storage tank, and if the recovery amount exceeds the capacity of the storage tank, the fertilizer water solution is automatically pumped into the reservoir for cyclic utilization.
According to the planting system, through the sand culture planting mode and the efficient water-saving and fertilizer-saving recycling system, the planting area is calculated according to 1000m2(1.5 acres), the average daily water consumption in the normal planting production process of ordinary planted crops can be controlled to be 1-1.5m3, the water consumption can be saved by more than 80% compared with that in the ordinary planting and watering large-water flood irrigation mode, the fertilizer consumption can be saved by 30-40%, the labor cost can be saved by more than 50%, and the cost per acre of greenhouse can be saved by more than 10000 yuan per year. Particularly, in western regions of China, the areas of the Gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil are vast, a novel planting mode of a greenhouse of the Gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil is realized, sand culture planting and high-efficiency water-saving fertilizer-saving recycling technologies are popularized, the shortage situation of water resources is solved, the Gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil are fully utilized, the shortage of land resources of China can be effectively solved, the Gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil are changed into good fields, the rapid development of agricultural economy in the frontier region is realized, people of all groups in the frontier region are guided to learn new agricultural technology, and the common development and enrichment are realized.
For the device and the using method disclosed by the embodiment, the description is simple because the device and the using method correspond to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the description of the method part.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a water conservation festival fertile sand culture system of planting suitable for gobi desert, saline and alkaline land, its arranges in film greenhouse (1), its characterized in that includes:
the planting trough (2), the bottom and both sides of the planting trough (2) are covered with waterproof membranes (3);
a nonwoven fabric (4); the non-woven fabric (4) covers the waterproof membrane (3);
the guide plate (5) is paved at the bottom of the planting groove (2) and is positioned between the waterproof film (3) and the non-woven fabric (4);
the matrix sand (6) is filled in the planting groove (2) and is positioned above the non-woven fabric (4);
the fertilizing and drip-irrigating device (7) comprises a water reservoir (701), a fertilizing machine (702) and a drip irrigation belt (703), wherein the water reservoir (701) is connected with the fertilizing machine (702) through a water pipe, a stirring mechanism for stirring fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizing machine (702), the drip irrigation belt (703) is connected with the fertilizing machine (702), and the drip irrigation belt (703) is laid on the top of the matrix sand (6);
the return pipe (9), the return pipe (9) is horizontally laid at the bottom of the planting groove (2) and is communicated with the bottom of the planting groove (2);
the collecting tank (10), the collecting tank (10) is arranged at one end of the return pipe (9) and is used for collecting the liquid manure in the return pipe;
the extraction pump (11), the extraction pump (11) is located in the collecting tank (10), the extraction pump (11) is connected with one end of a guide pipe (8), and the other end of the guide pipe (8) is connected with the water storage tank (701).
2. The water and fertilizer saving sand culture planting system suitable for the gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the planting tank (2) is rectangular, the bottom of the planting tank (2) is gradually raised from one end to the other end, and the fall height is 4-6 cm; the return pipe (9) is arranged at one end of the planting groove (2) with low bottom topography.
3. The water and fertilizer saving sand culture planting system suitable for the gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drip irrigation belts (703) are grouped in pairs and are laid above the matrix sand (6), the pipe diameter of the drip irrigation belts (703) is 10-20 mm, the drip irrigation belts (703) are provided with drip holes at intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent drip holes is 10-20 cm.
4. The water and fertilizer saving sand culture planting system for gobi deserts and saline-alkali lands as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch of the extraction pump (11) is a liquid level float switch, and a float ball is positioned in the collecting tank (10).
5. The water and fertilizer saving sand culture planting system suitable for the Gobi desert and the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting troughs (2) comprise a plurality of planting troughs, a management channel (12) is formed between the adjacent planting troughs (2), a ground cloth is laid on the management channel (12), and the width of the management channel (12) is 90-100 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122697170.8U CN216164155U (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122697170.8U CN216164155U (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216164155U true CN216164155U (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122697170.8U Active CN216164155U (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Water-saving and fertilizer-saving sand culture planting system suitable for Gobi desert and saline-alkali soil |
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| CN (1) | CN216164155U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-05 CN CN202122697170.8U patent/CN216164155U/en active Active
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