CN216081602U - Runoff sediment determination device for runoff plot - Google Patents
Runoff sediment determination device for runoff plot Download PDFInfo
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- CN216081602U CN216081602U CN202122740341.0U CN202122740341U CN216081602U CN 216081602 U CN216081602 U CN 216081602U CN 202122740341 U CN202122740341 U CN 202122740341U CN 216081602 U CN216081602 U CN 216081602U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a runoff sediment determination device for a runoff plot, which comprises a filter barrel, a flow collecting barrel, a flow guide pipe, a pressure water meter, a turbidity sensor, a soil moisture determinator and a gravity sensor, wherein the filter barrel is arranged in the filter barrel; the filter vat is used for filtering coarse-grained gravel and sand injected into the runoff plot, and the soil moisture tester is arranged inside the filter vat; the filtering barrel is sleeved in the collecting barrel, and the bottom of the filtering barrel is not contacted with the bottom of the collecting barrel; the gravity sensor is arranged at the joint of the collecting barrel and the filtering barrel; one end of the flow guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flow collecting barrel and is used for discharging turbid water and sand liquid in the flow collecting barrel; from one end of the guide pipe, the pressure water meter and the turbidity sensor are sequentially arranged on the guide pipe. The method can accurately and stably measure the runoff sand produced in the runoff plot, and meanwhile, the equipment can be suitable for various soil erosion type areas and has the advantages of simplicity in operation, economy and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of runoff sediment monitoring, in particular to a runoff sediment measuring device for a runoff plot.
Background
The runoff plot is a testing facility for quantitatively researching the water and soil loss rule, the water and soil conservation benefit and the soil erosion model parameter calibration of the sloping field, and plays an important role in water and soil conservation monitoring. The prior runoff sediment monitoring method for the runoff plot comprises manual sampling observation and automatic monitoring equipment. The manual sampling observation is mainly to measure the sand content in the sample by stirring the water-sand mixed liquid in the flow collecting barrel and sampling (generally taking 3) after the water-sand mixed liquid is uniform, and then the total sediment content is calculated by the sand content. The manual sampling method is influenced by the stirring uniformity and artificial subjective experience, has the problems of low precision, time and labor waste and the like, and has great measurement error caused by frequent water leakage and water seepage when some collecting tanks are overhauled for a long time. The existing runoff plot automatic sampling equipment is mainly realized by measuring the sand content, such as a gamma-ray method, an ultrasonic method, a capacitance method, a photoelectric method, a laser method and the like, although the gamma-ray method has great measurement advantages, the 137Cs radioactive source is difficult to protect safely and has great harm to human bodies, and the equipment cannot be widely used. The ultrasonic method has narrow range of measuring sand content and is only suitable for measuring under the state of low sand content. The capacitance method is influenced by temperature and flow velocity, and the output voltage at two ends of the capacitor changes nonlinearly along with the temperature and the salt content of soil, so that the measurement precision is low. The accuracy of the photoelectric method is affected by the specific gravity of the silt and cannot be widely used. The laser method also has larger measurement error due to the fact that the grain size composition of the sediment is changed along with the time. The equipment for realizing automatic measurement by a weighing method mainly solves the problems of low precision and even failure of the equipment due to the fact that a water inlet valve is extremely easy to block, such as an HL-1 type runoff sediment automatic detection system. And the price of the existing automatic monitoring equipment is higher, which limits the wide-range popularization of the equipment to a certain extent.
Slope produced sand changes nonlinearly along with time, and particularly soil in southern red soil areas, southwest purple soil areas, karst areas and the like has strong viscosity, large particles and uneven sand content and is easy to block, so that a plurality of testing devices with good application effect in northwest loess plateau areas are difficult to use. Therefore, there is a need to provide a new runoff sediment determination apparatus for runoff plot to solve the above problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a runoff sediment measuring device for a runoff plot, which can accurately and stably measure runoff sediment produced in the runoff plot, is suitable for various soil erosion type areas, and has the advantages of simple operation, economy and practicability.
According to one aspect of the utility model, a runoff sediment determination device for a runoff plot is provided, which comprises a filter barrel, a flow collection barrel, a flow guide pipe, a pressure water meter, a turbidity sensor, a soil moisture determinator and a gravity sensor; the filter barrel is used for filtering coarse-grained gravel injected into the runoff plot, and the soil moisture tester is arranged inside the filter barrel; the filtering barrel is sleeved in the collecting barrel, and the bottom of the filtering barrel is not contacted with the bottom of the collecting barrel; the gravity sensor is arranged at the joint of the collecting barrel and the filtering barrel; one end of the flow guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flow collecting barrel and is used for discharging water-sand turbid liquid in the flow collecting barrel; from one end of the flow guide pipe, the pressure water meter and the turbidity sensor are sequentially arranged on the flow guide pipe.
Preferably, the filter vat comprises a filter vat circular table portion and a filter vat body portion, and the filter vat circular table portion is a flanging structure arranged on the top edge of the filter vat body portion.
Preferably, the collecting barrel comprises a collecting barrel circular platform part and a collecting barrel body part, the collecting barrel body part is used for receiving the water and sand turbid liquid discharged by the filtering barrel, the collecting barrel circular platform part is a flanging structure arranged on the top edge of the collecting barrel body part, and the collecting barrel circular platform part is matched with the filtering barrel circular platform part.
Preferably, the filtering barrel and the collecting barrel are both stainless steel barrels.
Preferably, the flow guide pipe is a PVC pipe.
Preferably, the gravity sensor comprises a gravity receiving part, a signal processing part and a display part, wherein the gravity receiving part is used for receiving a gravity signal of the filter vat; the signal processing component is used for converting the gravity signal into a current signal; the display component is used for visualizing the current signal into a weight value.
Preferably, the number of the gravity sensors is four, and the four gravity sensors are uniformly arranged on the circular table portion of the collecting barrel.
Preferably, the device also comprises a base platform used for fixing the device, and the collecting barrel is arranged on the base platform.
Preferably, the base platform comprises a base platform surface and platform legs, and the platform legs are arranged below the base platform surface and used for supporting the base platform surface.
Preferably, the base platform is formed by pouring steel or concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the runoff sediment measuring device for the runoff plot solves the problems that the sediment content is not uniform in the runoff process, equipment is easy to block and the like, can accurately and stably measure the runoff sediment produced in the runoff plot, synchronously measure and discharge water sediment, does not need sediment cleaning, only needs simple equipment maintenance, and reduces manual output; the runoff sediment determination device for the runoff plot is low in price, meanwhile, the runoff plot sediment determination device can be suitable for various soil erosion type zones, is suitable for popularization, has the characteristics of economy and universality, and has important significance for promoting water and soil conservation positioning observation research.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the utility model will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a runoff sediment measuring device in a runoff plot in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter vat according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gravity sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a filter barrel 1, a filter barrel circular platform 101, a soil moisture tester 102, a filter barrel body 103, a gravity sensor 2, a gravity receiving part 201, a signal processing part 202, a display part 203, a collecting barrel 3, a collecting barrel circular platform 301, a collecting barrel body 302, a guide pipe 4, a pressure water meter 5, a turbidity sensor 6, a base platform 701 and a base foot 702.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a runoff sediment determination device in a runoff plot, which comprises a filter barrel 1, a flow collecting barrel 3, a flow guide pipe 4, a pressure water meter 5, a turbidity sensor 6, a soil moisture determinator 102 and a gravity sensor 2, wherein the filter barrel 3 is connected with the flow guide pipe 4; the filter vat 1 is used for filtering coarse-grained sand and stones injected into the runoff plot measuring tank, and the soil moisture tester 102 is arranged inside the filter vat 1 and used for testing the water content of the filtered soil; the flow collecting barrel 3 is used for receiving water-sand turbid liquid discharged by the filter barrel 1, the filter barrel 1 is sleeved in the flow collecting barrel 3, and the bottom of the filter barrel 1 is not contacted with the bottom of the flow collecting barrel 3; the gravity sensor 2 is arranged at the joint of the collecting barrel 3 and the filter barrel 1 and is used for measuring the weight of the silt in the filter barrel 1; one end of the draft tube 4 is arranged at the bottom of the collecting barrel 3 and is used for discharging turbid water and sand liquid in the collecting barrel 3; from one end of the guide pipe 4, the pressure water meter 5 and the turbidity sensor 6 are sequentially arranged on the guide pipe 4, the pressure water meter 5 is used for measuring the radial flow rate discharged by the guide pipe 4, and the turbidity sensor 6 is used for measuring the sand content discharged by the guide pipe 4.
In a specific embodiment, the filter vat 1 comprises a filter vat circular table portion 101 and a filter vat portion 103, the filter vat circular table portion 101 is a flanging structure disposed at the top edge of the filter vat portion 103, and the filter vat portion 103 can be a filter screen in the shape of a vat.
In one embodiment, the collecting barrel 3 includes a collecting barrel boss 301 and a collecting barrel body 302, the collecting barrel body 302 is used for receiving turbid water and sand liquid drained from the filtering barrel 1, the collecting barrel boss 301 is a flanging structure arranged on the top edge of the collecting barrel body 302, and the collecting barrel boss 301 is engaged with the filtering barrel boss 101 to support the filtering barrel 1, so that the filtering barrel 1 is suspended in the collecting barrel 3.
In one embodiment, both filter 1 and collector 3 are stainless steel barrels.
In a particular embodiment, the draft tube 4 is a PVC tube.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the gravity sensor 2 includes a gravity receiving part 201, a signal processing part 202 and a display part 203, the gravity receiving part 201 is used for receiving a gravity signal of the filter vat 1; the signal processing part 202 is used for converting the gravity signal into a current signal; the display part 203 is used to visualize the current signal as a weight value.
In one specific embodiment, the number of gravity sensors 2 is four, and four gravity sensors 2 are uniformly arranged on the collector dome section 301 to measure the weight of the sediment in the filter vat 1.
In a specific embodiment, the device further comprises a base platform for fixing the device, and the collecting barrel 3 is arranged on the base platform.
In one embodiment, the base platform comprises a base platform surface 701 and a platform foot 702, wherein the platform foot 702 is disposed below the base platform surface 701 and is used for supporting the base platform surface 701.
In one embodiment, the abutment can be formed by casting steel to provide a secure attachment.
In another specific embodiment, the abutment can be formed by concrete pouring.
Due to the technical scheme, the runoff sediment determination device in the embodiment of the utility model solves the problems of easy blockage of equipment, non-uniform sediment content, unstable runoff flow velocity, low precision, high price and the like in the runoff production process in the prior art, can perform accurate and stable determination on runoff production sediment in the runoff plot, performs water sediment determination and drainage synchronously, does not need sediment cleaning, only needs simple equipment maintenance, reduces manual output, is suitable for various soil erosion type areas, is simple to operate, is economical and practical, has the characteristics of economy and universality, and has important significance for promoting water and soil conservation positioning observation research.
The implementation process of the device in the embodiment for monitoring the runoff volume and the sediment content of the runoff plot is as follows:
when runoff is produced in a runoff plot, muddy water enters the filter barrel 1, and the filtered muddy water flows into the collecting barrel 3, passes through the flow guide pipe 4 and flows through the pressure water meter 5 and the turbidity sensor 6. After the runoff is produced, large-particle muddy water and sand are retained in the filter vat 1, the gravity sensor 2 measures the wet weight of the sand retained in the filter screen of the filter vat 1, the soil moisture determinator 102 measures the water content of the soil in the filter screen of the filter vat 1, the pressure water meter 5 measures the flow of the muddy water flowing through the pressure water meter 5, and the turbidity sensor 6 measures the sand content flowing through the pressure water meter 5.
(1) If the gravity sensor 2 reads M after the end of the production flow, M is equal to M0+M1Wherein M is0Is the mass of the filter vat, is a known quantity; m1Is the mass of the wet soil in the filter vat, unit kg; soil moisture tester 102 reads CWThe water content of the soil in the filtering barrel body is expressed in unit percent; then the mass of the silt in the filter vat is calculated by the following formula 1.1:
the mass of the radial flow in the filter barrel is calculated by the following formula 1.2:
(2) the reading of the pressure water meter 5 is Q, which represents the flow of muddy water and has the unit of m3(ii) a The turbidity sensor 6 reads S, representing the sand content, in kg/m3(ii) a The amount of the silt flowing into the pressure water meter (5) through the diversion pipe after the flow is produced is calculated by adopting a formula 2.1:
Msand 2'＝Q×S (2.1)
Since the liquid flowing through the pressure water meter 5 is a mixture of silt and sand, the reading Q is the sum of the volumes of water and fine-grained soil, the volume V of waterWater (W)Calculated using the formula 2.2:
in the above formula, ρSandThe sand density is a known amount, and the median value is taken to be 2.65g/cm3，VWater (W)Unit is m3(ii) a Then:
because the density of pure water is 1000kg/m3The mass of the water flowing through the pressure water meter 5 is calculated by the formula 2.4 because the mass is a known quantity:
in the above formula, MWater 2The unit of' is kg.
(3) The rainfall flow rate and the sand yield are respectively the sum of the water quantity and the sand quantity retained in the filter screen of the filter barrel 1 and the water quantity and the sand quantity flowing through the pressure water meter, so the rainfall flow rate MRunoff flowAnd sand yield MSiltCalculated using the equations 3.1 and 3.2 respectively:
in the above formula, the production flow rate MRunoff flowAnd sand yield MSiltThe units of (A) are all kg.
The above embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the runoff sediment measuring device in the embodiment of the utility model solves the problems of uneven sediment content, easy equipment blockage and the like in the runoff production process, can accurately and stably measure the runoff sediment produced in the runoff plot, synchronously measure and discharge water sediment, does not need sediment cleaning, only needs simple equipment maintenance, and reduces manual output; the runoff sediment determination device is low in price, meanwhile, the runoff plot runoff sediment determination device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be suitable for various soil erosion type areas, is suitable for popularization, has the characteristics of economy and universality, and has important significance for promoting water and soil conservation positioning observation research.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A runoff sediment determination device for a runoff plot is characterized by comprising a filter barrel, a flow collecting barrel, a flow guide pipe, a pressure water meter, a turbidity sensor, a soil moisture determinator and a gravity sensor;
the filter barrel is used for filtering coarse-grained gravel injected into the runoff plot, and the soil moisture tester is arranged inside the filter barrel;
the filtering barrel is sleeved in the collecting barrel, and the bottom of the filtering barrel is not contacted with the bottom of the collecting barrel; the gravity sensor is arranged at the joint of the collecting barrel and the filtering barrel;
one end of the flow guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flow collecting barrel and is used for discharging water-sand turbid liquid in the flow collecting barrel;
from one end of the flow guide pipe, the pressure water meter and the turbidity sensor are sequentially arranged on the flow guide pipe.
2. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay device of claim 1 wherein the lauter tun comprises a lauter tun circular table portion and a lauter tun body portion, the lauter tun circular table portion being a flanging arrangement disposed at a top edge of the lauter tun body portion.
3. The runoff plot runoff sediment testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the collection tank comprises a collection tank circular platform and a collection tank body, the collection tank body is used for receiving the turbid water and sediment liquid drained by the filter tank, the collection tank circular platform is a flanging structure arranged on the top edge of the collection tank body, and the collection tank circular platform is matched with the filter tank circular platform.
4. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay apparatus of claim 1 wherein the filter tank and the collector tank are stainless steel tanks.
5. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay device of claim 1 wherein the draft tube is a PVC tube.
6. A runoff sediment testing apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the gravity sensor comprises a gravity receiving component for receiving a gravity signal from the filter tank, a signal processing component and a display component; the signal processing component is used for converting the gravity signal into a current signal; the display component is used for visualizing the current signal into a weight value.
7. A runoff sediment testing apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein the number of gravity sensors is four and the four gravity sensors are evenly disposed on the dome portion of the collection tank.
8. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay device of claim 1 further comprising a base platform for securing the device, the collection tank being disposed on the base platform.
9. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay device of claim 8, wherein the base platform comprises a base platform surface and platform legs, the platform legs are disposed below the base platform surface for supporting the base platform surface.
10. The runoff plot runoff sediment assay apparatus of claim 8 wherein the base platform is formed from steel or concrete.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122740341.0U CN216081602U (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2021-11-10 | Runoff sediment determination device for runoff plot |
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| CN202122740341.0U CN216081602U (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2021-11-10 | Runoff sediment determination device for runoff plot |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114720317A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-08 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for improving measurement accuracy of runoff sand content by volume displacement method |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114720317A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-08 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for improving measurement accuracy of runoff sand content by volume displacement method |
| CN114720317B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-05-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for improving measurement accuracy of runoff sand content by volume displacement method |
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