CN216005805U - Device for brewing wine - Google Patents
Device for brewing wine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN216005805U CN216005805U CN202122571334.2U CN202122571334U CN216005805U CN 216005805 U CN216005805 U CN 216005805U CN 202122571334 U CN202122571334 U CN 202122571334U CN 216005805 U CN216005805 U CN 216005805U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- juice
- fruit
- outlet
- grape
- heat source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a technical field is made to grape wine, particularly, relates to a make device of grape wine. The device for brewing the grape wine comprises a pretreatment device, a fruit juice storage device, a heating device, a flash evaporation device and a fermentation device; the pretreatment device is used for removing stems and crushing grapes, treating sulfur dioxide and temporarily storing grape fruit grains and grape juice; the pretreatment device comprises a fruit juice discharge port and a fruit particle discharge port; the juice discharge port is connected with the juice storage feed port of the juice storage device, and the juice storage discharge port of the juice storage device is connected with the heating device; the fruit grain discharge port is connected with the heating device; the heating device, the flash evaporation device and the fermentation device are connected in sequence. The device can realize the pretreatment flash distillation process of making wine, effectively improves the grape quality, fully leaches the beneficial component in the grape fast, and the sterilization is restrained enzyme and is anti-oxidant to show the quality that promotes wine.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field is made to grape wine, particularly, relates to a make device of grape wine.
Background
The brewing device of traditional grape wine among the prior art includes destemming breaker and fermentation cylinder, and wherein the destemming breaker is used for the destemming of grape, breakage, and the fermentation cylinder is used for fermenting the grape after the breakage. In such a brewing apparatus, 30 to 60% of the pigment and tannin substances remain in the skin residue. In this regard, the above situation is often improved by using a circulation pump, a horizontal tank, or the like. However, excessive mechanical force of the circulation pump, horizontal tank, or the like causes entry of undesirable components.
In addition, the thermal soaking brewing device is used as pretreatment equipment for improving grape raw materials, and the long-time heating of grapes can cause the grape juice and the grape wine to have cooking flavor, and the problem that the wine body is easy to age exists. Therefore, the device for brewing the wine by adopting the flash evaporation device has important significance.
In view of this, the present invention is especially provided.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A first object of the utility model is to provide a make device of grape wine, the device can realize a pretreatment flash distillation technology of making the grape wine, effectively improves making wine grape quality, and the quick abundant digestion beneficial component is disinfected and is pressed down the enzyme anti-oxidant to show the quality that promotes the grape wine.
In order to realize the above purpose of the utility model, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the utility model provides a device for brewing wine, which comprises a pretreatment device, a fruit juice storage device, a heating device, a flash evaporation device and a fermentation device;
the pretreatment device is used for removing stems and crushing grapes, treating sulfur dioxide and temporarily storing grape fruit grains and grape juice;
the pretreatment device comprises a fruit juice discharge port and a fruit particle discharge port;
the juice discharge port is connected with the juice storage feed port of the juice storage device, and the juice storage discharge port of the juice storage device is connected with the heating device;
the fruit grain discharge port is connected with the heating device;
the heating device, the flash evaporation device and the fermentation device are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the heating device comprises a storage tank, a heat source exchanger and a fruit juice circulating heater which are connected with the fruit particle discharge port of the pretreatment device and the fruit juice discharge port of the fruit juice storage device;
the fruit juice circulating heater is characterized in that a fruit juice pipeline is arranged in the fruit juice circulating heater, flowing fruit juice is arranged in the fruit juice pipeline, the fruit juice pipeline is coated by heat source fluid, the fruit juice circulating heater is provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet, and the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet are respectively connected with the heat source outlet and the heat source inlet of the heat source exchanger.
Preferably, the storage jar is provided with the discharge gate of flowing automatically, the discharge gate of flowing automatically with fruit juice storage device's pan feeding mouth of flowing automatically is connected.
Preferably, a liquid level sensor is arranged in the storage tank.
Preferably, the heat source outlet of the juice circulation heater is provided with a first temperature sensor.
Preferably, the heating device is provided with a fruit grain and fruit juice mixing discharge hole, and the fruit grain and fruit juice mixing discharge hole is provided with a second temperature sensor.
Preferably, the flash evaporation device is provided with a flash evaporation material discharge port, and the flash evaporation material discharge port is provided with a third temperature sensor.
Preferably, the flash evaporation device is provided with a condensing device, and the condensing device is further connected with a vacuumizing device.
Preferably, the flash evaporation device is further provided with a steam outlet and a condensed water inlet, the condensing device is provided with a steam inlet and a condensed water outlet, the steam outlet is connected with the steam inlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with the condensed water inlet; and a condensed water pump is also arranged between the condensed water outlet and the condensed water inlet.
Preferably, the pretreatment device is provided with a fruit grain output pump; the fruit juice storage device is provided with a fruit juice delivery pump; the heating device is provided with a fruit juice circulating pump and a mixed material conveying pump; the flash evaporation device is provided with a flash evaporation material delivery pump.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the utility model provides a make device of grape wine can realize a pretreatment flash distillation technology of making the grape wine, effectively improves making wine grape quality, and quick abundant leaching beneficial component, enzyme that kills and press down is anti-oxidant to show the quality that promotes the grape wine.
(2) The utility model provides a make device of grape wine can promote the quality of grape wine to obtain the grape wine that the colour is strong, the complicated graceful of fragrance, taste are abundant, stability is good.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of an apparatus for brewing wine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a pre-treatment device; 11-fruit juice outlet; 12-fruit grain discharge port;
13-fruit grain output pump; 2-a juice storage device; 21-juice storage and feeding port;
22-juice storage and discharge port; 23-a self-flowing juice feeding port; 24-a juice delivery pump;
3-a heating device; 31-a storage tank; 32-heat source exchanger;
321-a second heat source outlet; 322-a second heat source inlet; 33-fruit juice circulation heater;
331-juice line; 332 — a first heat source inlet; 333-a first heat source outlet;
334-a first temperature sensor; 34-gravity flow juice discharge port; 35-a liquid level sensor;
36-discharge port for fruit grain and juice; 37-a second temperature sensor; 38-juice circulation pump;
39-the blend delivery pump; 4-a flash evaporation device; 41-flash evaporation material discharge port;
42-a third temperature sensor; 43-a condensing unit; 431-a steam inlet;
432-condensate outlet; 44-a vacuum-pumping device; 45-a steam outlet;
46-condensate inlet; 47-condensate extraction pump; 48-flash material transfer pump;
5-fermentation device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a device for brewing wine, as shown in figure 1, comprising a pretreatment device 1, a fruit juice storage device 2, a heating device 3, a flash evaporation device 4 and a fermentation device 5;
the pretreatment device is used for removing stems and crushing grapes, treating sulfur dioxide and temporarily storing grape fruit grains and grape juice;
the pretreatment device comprises a fruit juice discharge port 11 and a fruit particle discharge port 12;
the fruit juice discharge port 11 is connected with the juice storage feed port 21 of the fruit juice storage device 2, and the juice storage discharge port 22 of the fruit juice storage device 2 is connected with the heating device 3;
the fruit particle discharge hole 12 is connected with the heating device 3;
the heating device 3, the flash evaporation device 4 and the fermentation device 5 are connected in sequence.
The working principle of the device for brewing the wine comprises the following steps: conveying a part of grapes to the pretreatment device 1 for stemming, crushing and sulfur dioxide treatment to obtain grape juice; then the grape juice is conveyed from the juice outlet 11 to the juice inlet 21 of the juice storage device 2 for storage, and after the grape juice is stored to a set amount, the grape juice is conveyed to the heating device 3 through the juice outlet 22 for heating, and the heat medium grape juice is obtained. Conveying the other part of grapes to the pretreatment device 1 for peduncle removal and sulfur dioxide treatment to obtain grape fruit particles; then the grape fruit particles are conveyed to the heating device 3 through the fruit particle outlet 12 to be mixed with the heat medium grape juice, and the grape fruit particles are immersed in the heat medium grape juice and are also heated. When the negative pressure in the flash evaporation device 4 reaches the specified pressure, the mixed material of the grape fruit particles and the heating medium grape juice is conveyed into the flash evaporation device 4 for flash evaporation; after the flash evaporation is finished, judging whether the flash evaporated material needs to be diluted according to the sugar content of the raw material to judge whether the condensed water is discharged or supplemented, and then conveying the condensed water into the fermentation device 5 for fermentation, thereby obtaining the wine.
Wherein, the flash distillation principle of flash distillation device 4 is: when the high-temperature grape juice and the grape fruit particles suddenly enter a negative pressure environment, the volumes of the grape juice and the grape fruit particles are rapidly expanded, the grape peel is instantaneously cracked, and meanwhile, the temperature is rapidly reduced. The pigments, phenolic substances and tannin substances in the grape fruit grains and the grape peel can be fully released, so that a good foundation is created for brewing high-quality wine.
The utility model provides a make device of grape wine provides the relation of connection of each equipment in the device to having carried out specific service description to each equipment, being convenient for guide the accurate standard implementation operation of staff, guarantee that the stable high-efficient operation of flash distillation system improves work production efficiency, provides powerful guarantee for the quality promotion of grape wine.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the heating device 3 includes therein the fruit grain discharge port 12 of the pretreatment device 1 and the storage tank 31, the heat source exchanger 32 and the fruit juice circulation heater 33 connected to the fruit juice discharge port 22 of the fruit juice storage device 2, a fruit juice pipeline 331 is included in the fruit juice circulation heater 33, fruit juice flowing in the fruit juice pipeline 331 is filled with fruit juice, the fruit juice pipeline 331 is covered with heat source fluid, the fruit juice circulation heater 33 is provided with a first heat source inlet 332 and a first heat source outlet 333, the first heat source inlet 332 and the first heat source outlet 333 are respectively connected to the second heat source outlet 321 and the second heat source inlet 322 of the heat source exchanger 32.
The storage tank 31 is used for storing and heating grape fruit particles, and the heat source exchanger 32 and the juice circulating heater 33 are used for heating grape juice in the storage tank 31. Specifically, the grape juice in the storage tank 31 enters the juice line 331 in the juice circulation heater 33 through the first heat source inlet 332, the juice line 331 is coated with a heat source fluid, the heat source fluid is stored in the heat source exchanger 32, the heat source fluid enters from the second heat source inlet 322 and flows out from the second heat source outlet 321, so that absorbable heat is provided for the grape juice, and the grape juice is coated with the heat source fluid to form a heating medium grape juice with a certain temperature.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the storage tank 31 is provided with a self-flowing juice outlet 34, and the self-flowing juice outlet 34 is connected to the self-flowing juice inlet 23 of the juice storage device 2.
Preferably, a rotary conveying scraper, a chain and a stirrer are arranged in the storage tank 31.
After the grape fruit particles enter the storage tank 31 of the heating device 3, the grape fruit particles can automatically flow out of grape juice, namely self-flowing juice, under the action of the rotary conveying scraper, the chain and the stirrer in the storage tank 31, and the self-flowing juice can flow into the self-flowing juice inlet 23 of the fruit juice storage device 2 through the self-flowing juice outlet 34.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a liquid level sensor 35 is disposed in the storage tank 31.
The liquid level sensor 35 is used for judging whether the liquid level of the grape juice in the storage tank meets the calibration liquid level, and if the liquid level is less than the calibration liquid level, the grape juice continuously flows into the storage tank 31.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first heat source outlet 333 of the juice circulation heater 33 is provided with a first temperature sensor 334.
The first temperature sensor 334 is used to detect the temperature of the must passing through the must circulation heater 33, thus controlling the temperature of the must and/or the grape fruit pieces inside the storage tank 31.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the heating device 3 is provided with a fruit and juice mixing outlet 36, and the fruit and juice mixing outlet 36 is provided with a second temperature sensor 37.
The mixed material of the grape fruit particles and the heat medium grape juice is conveyed to the flash evaporation device 4 through the mixed material outlet 36. The second temperature sensor 37 is used for detecting the temperature of the mixed material of the grape fruit particles and the heating medium grape juice.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flash evaporation device 4 is provided with a flash evaporation material discharge port 41, and the flash evaporation material discharge port 41 is provided with a third temperature sensor 42.
The flash-evaporated material is conveyed into the fermentation device 5 through the flash-evaporated material outlet 41. The third temperature sensor 42 is used for detecting the temperature of the flash-evaporated material.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flash evaporation apparatus 4 is provided with a condensing device 43, and the condensing device 43 is further connected with a vacuum pumping device 44.
The vacuum pumping device 44 is used for pumping out the water vapor in the flash evaporation device 4 and forming negative pressure, and then the water vapor enters the condensing device 43 connected with the vacuum pumping device 44, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water under the action of the condensing device 43.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flash evaporation apparatus 4 is further provided with a steam outlet 45 and a condensed water inlet 46, the condensation apparatus 43 is provided with a steam inlet 431 and a condensed water outlet 432, the steam outlet 45 is connected with the steam inlet 431, and the condensed water outlet 432 is connected with the condensed water inlet 46; a condensed water pump 47 is further provided between the condensed water outlet 432 and the condensed water inlet 46.
More specifically, under the action of the vacuum pumping device 44, water vapor is pumped out from the steam outlet 45, then enters the condensing device 43 through the steam inlet 431, and is condensed into liquid water under the action of the condensing device 43, and the liquid water flows out from the condensed water outlet 432.
When the sugar content of the material in the flash evaporation device 4 is low and dilution is not needed, the liquid water is discharged through the liquid water; when the sugar content of the material in the flash evaporation device 4 is high and the material needs to be diluted, the liquid water enters the flash evaporation device 4 and is mixed with the material after flash evaporation, so that the material is diluted.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment device 1 is provided with a fruit granule output pump 13; the fruit juice storage device 2 is provided with a fruit juice delivery pump 24; the heating device 3 is provided with a juice circulating pump 38 and a mixture delivery pump 39; the flash apparatus 4 is provided with a flash material transfer pump 48.
The fruit particle output pump 13 is used for conveying the grape fruit particles in the pretreatment device 1 to the heating device 3.
The juice delivery pump 24 is used to deliver the must inside the juice storage means 2 to the heating means 3.
The juice circulation pump 38 is used to convey the must in the storage tank 31 to the juice circulation heater 33.
The mixture delivery pump 39 is used for delivering the mixture of the grape fruit particles and the heating medium grape juice in the storage tank 31 to the flash evaporation device 4.
The flash material conveying pump 48 is used for conveying the flash-evaporated material in the flash evaporation device 4 to the fermentation device 5.
In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the present application also provides a list of apparatuses for brewing wine, as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 list of devices for brewing wine
In conclusion, the device for brewing the wine can provide guidance for the wine brewing process, so that the wine brewing process is more stable and efficient to operate, and the production efficiency is effectively improved. Moreover, the quality of the wine can be improved by adopting the device, and the wine with good color, enough fragrance, rich taste and good stability is obtained.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for brewing wine is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device, a fruit juice storage device, a heating device, a flash evaporation device and a fermentation device;
the pretreatment device is used for removing stems and crushing grapes, treating sulfur dioxide and temporarily storing grape fruit grains and grape juice;
the pretreatment device comprises a fruit juice discharge port and a fruit particle discharge port;
the juice discharge port is connected with the juice storage feed port of the juice storage device, and the juice storage discharge port of the juice storage device is connected with the heating device;
the fruit grain discharge port is connected with the heating device;
the heating device, the flash evaporation device and the fermentation device are connected in sequence.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said heating means comprises a storage tank, a heat source exchanger and a juice circulation heater connected to said fruit particle outlet of said pretreatment means and said juice outlet of said juice storage means;
the fruit juice circulating heater is characterized in that a fruit juice pipeline is arranged in the fruit juice circulating heater, flowing fruit juice is arranged in the fruit juice pipeline, the fruit juice pipeline is coated by heat source fluid, the fruit juice circulating heater is provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet, and the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet are respectively connected with the heat source outlet and the heat source inlet of the heat source exchanger.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the storage tank is provided with a gravity feed outlet connected to a gravity feed inlet of the juice storage device.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a liquid level sensor is disposed within the storage tank.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said heat source outlet of said juice circulating heater is provided with a first temperature sensor.
6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heating device is provided with a fruit and juice mixing outlet, and the fruit and juice mixing outlet is provided with a second temperature sensor.
7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flash evaporation device is provided with a flash evaporation material outlet, and the flash evaporation material outlet is provided with a third temperature sensor.
8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flash evaporation device is provided with a condensing device, and a vacuum pumping device is further connected with the condensing device.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the flash apparatus is further provided with a steam outlet and a condensed water inlet, the condensing apparatus is provided with a steam inlet and a condensed water outlet, the steam outlet is connected with the steam inlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with the condensed water inlet; and a condensed water pump is also arranged between the condensed water outlet and the condensed water inlet.
10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pre-treatment apparatus is provided with a fruit particle output pump; the fruit juice storage device is provided with a fruit juice delivery pump; the heating device is provided with a fruit juice circulating pump and a mixed material conveying pump; the flash evaporation device is provided with a flash evaporation material delivery pump.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202122571334.2U CN216005805U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Device for brewing wine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202122571334.2U CN216005805U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Device for brewing wine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN216005805U true CN216005805U (en) | 2022-03-11 |
Family
ID=80526014
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202122571334.2U Active CN216005805U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Device for brewing wine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN216005805U (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114591797A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-07 | 中国农业大学 | Base wine brewing method for mixed brewing of wine and base wine |
-
2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202122571334.2U patent/CN216005805U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114591797A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-07 | 中国农业大学 | Base wine brewing method for mixed brewing of wine and base wine |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101129197A (en) | Calcium fruit juice beverage and preparing process thereof | |
CN216005805U (en) | Device for brewing wine | |
CN113845985B (en) | Pretreatment method for brewing wine by flash evaporation process and wine | |
WO2020216275A1 (en) | Continuous ultra-high-temperature sterilization process for granule-containing beverage | |
CN104172327A (en) | Chinese dwarf cherry (calcium fruit) juice beverage | |
CN104232295A (en) | Corn germ grease supercritical extraction system and method | |
KR102266828B1 (en) | Beer maker | |
CN208244576U (en) | A kind of fruit drink sterilization degassing homogeneous system | |
CN107581463A (en) | A kind of high-density CO 2 flash vaporization for eliminating sargassum smell device and fishy-removing-method | |
CN109207254A (en) | A kind of giving off a strong fragrance animal fat automation process for cleanly preparing of high-efficiency environment friendly | |
CN219314945U (en) | Cooking wine fermentation reaction kettle capable of controlling material ratio | |
CN212880146U (en) | Traditional chinese medicine system of enduring soaks processing apparatus | |
CN111471549B (en) | Wine cold leaching and hot extraction brewing method and device | |
CN211430969U (en) | Pine needle hydrolat preparation system | |
CN208757588U (en) | A kind of fragrance processing reaction kettle device with steam treated | |
CN1865823A (en) | Freeze dryer set and process for defrosting, cleaning, and sterilizing by using same solution | |
RU2591727C2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing solid product | |
CN201976688U (en) | Sugar boiling device | |
CN206284303U (en) | A kind of process units of biodiasmin blackberry drink | |
KR101844441B1 (en) | Boiler with brewing function and brewing method using thereof | |
CN204107063U (en) | Fish protein water vacuum decker | |
CN210656931U (en) | Negative pressure difference spraying system equipment for producing biological fermentation feed or fertilizer | |
CN204737909U (en) | Extraction element is glued to shaddock follicarpium | |
CN1085727C (en) | Equipment for brewing fruit spirit | |
NO171797B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR RECOVERY OF OEL |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |