CN215980237U - Novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer - Google Patents
Novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN215980237U CN215980237U CN202122688603.3U CN202122688603U CN215980237U CN 215980237 U CN215980237 U CN 215980237U CN 202122688603 U CN202122688603 U CN 202122688603U CN 215980237 U CN215980237 U CN 215980237U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer, which comprises a hammer body, wherein a change-over valve mechanism, a middle cylinder cavity, an oil inlet and an oil return port are arranged on the hammer body; the middle cylinder body cavity is sequentially provided with a middle cylinder body upper cavity, a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B, a middle cylinder body conversion cavity and a middle cylinder body lower cavity from top to bottom, the piston rod is provided with a plurality of main oil seals, and the main oil seals separate the middle cylinder body upper cavity, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B, the middle cylinder body conversion cavity and the middle cylinder body lower cavity; the oil inlet is communicated with the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body, the oil inlet is communicated with the switching valve mechanism, the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism through an oil pipe, the switching cavity of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism through a switching oil pipe, and the low-pressure cavity B of the middle cylinder body is communicated with the oil return port through an oil return pipe. The hydraulic breaking hammer can effectively avoid the problems of oil leakage, low continuity, insufficient impact force, frequency reduction and abnormal shaking of an oil pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer, and belongs to the technical field of large machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammers.
Background
Hydraulic breakers have become an important work tool for hydraulic excavators, and hydraulic breakers have been mounted on backhoes or wheel loaders for breaking work. The hydraulic breaking hammer converts hydraulic energy into mechanical impact energy, drives a piston to reciprocate by means of hydraulic pressure, and drives a drill rod to achieve a breaking function. The hydraulic breaking hammer has the characteristics of high operating efficiency, low energy consumption, low noise, adaptability to complex and hard breaking and dismantling operating environments and the like, and is widely applied to departments of mining, building construction, metallurgical industry, roads, railways, municipal engineering and the like. Hydraulic breakers are often used in excavators, mine rock crushers, loaders, and other products.
The hydraulic breaking hammer used conventionally at present often has the following problems: the hydraulic breaking hammer has low continuity, insufficient impact force, reduced impact frequency, easy abnormal shake of an oil pipe and easy oil leakage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer which can effectively avoid the problems of oil leakage, low continuity, insufficient impact force, frequency reduction and abnormal shaking of an oil pipe.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a hammer body, wherein a change-over valve mechanism, a middle cylinder cavity, an oil inlet and an oil return port are arranged on the hammer body, a piston rod is arranged in the middle cylinder cavity, and a drill rod is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod;
the middle cylinder body cavity is sequentially provided with a middle cylinder body upper cavity, a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B, a middle cylinder body conversion cavity and a middle cylinder body lower cavity from top to bottom, the piston rod is provided with a plurality of main oil seals, and the main oil seals sequentially separate the middle cylinder body upper cavity, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B, the middle cylinder body conversion cavity and the middle cylinder body lower cavity;
the oil inlet communicates the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body, the oil inlet communicates the switching valve mechanism, the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism through an oil pipe, the switching cavity of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism through a switching oil pipe, the low-pressure cavity B of the middle cylinder body is communicated with the oil return port through an oil return pipe, the switching valve mechanism belongs to conventional known components in the field, and the internal principle structure of the switching valve mechanism is not described in detail herein.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the middle cylinder body lower cavity, the middle cylinder body upper cavity and the middle cylinder body conversion cavity all belong to high-pressure cavities, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B belongs to a low-pressure cavity, the high-pressure cavity is connected with an oil inlet, and the high-pressure cavity is designed for pushing the piston rod to move up and down; the low-pressure cavity is connected with the oil return port and is designed for relieving pressure of the high-pressure cavity; the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body is used for pushing the piston rod to move upwards, so that the situation that the piston rod moves upwards is influenced by different positions due to overlarge high-temperature expansion gaps of the cavity of the middle cylinder body is prevented, and pressure relief can be prevented by additionally arranging a main oil seal between the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body and the low-pressure cavity B of the middle cylinder body; the middle cylinder body conversion cavity is used for pushing the conversion valve mechanism to be opened and closed, so that the phenomenon that the valve body of the conversion valve is influenced by overlarge high-temperature expansion clearance between the middle cylinder body cavity and the conversion valve mechanism due to the fact that the valve body of the conversion valve is not in place in motion and the phenomenon that the opening time of the conversion valve mechanism is unstable so that the hitting frequency and the hitting force are influenced is avoided; well cylinder body epicoele is in order to promote the piston down, well cylinder body epicoele can influence the quartering hammer and appear that the continuity is low, the impact force is not enough, the frequency is unstable, the problem of oil pipe shake, well cylinder body epicoele if with well cylinder body low pressure chamber B between be equipped with main oil blanket, can avoid well cylinder body epicoele if with well cylinder body low pressure chamber B between take place the pressure release, thereby avoid appearing the oil pipe shake, the impact force is not enough, the frequency is unstable, the low problem of continuity, main oil blanket makes all to be independent between every chamber, make actually more be close with theoretical motion.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model can be further improved as follows:
furthermore, the middle cylinder body cavity further comprises a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A and a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C are communicated with the oil return port through an oil return pipe, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C is located at the upper end of the middle cylinder body upper cavity, and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A is located at the lower end of the middle cylinder body lower cavity.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the oil in the middle cylinder low-pressure cavity A and the middle cylinder low-pressure cavity C plays a role in lubricating the piston rod, and the piston rod can be ensured to work stably for a long time.
Further, the middle cylinder body low pressure cavity C and the middle cylinder body upper cavity are separated through a main oil seal, and the middle cylinder body low pressure cavity A and the middle cylinder body lower cavity are separated through a main oil seal.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C and the middle cylinder body upper cavity are separated by the main oil seal, so that the pressure relief of the middle cylinder body upper cavity can be avoided, the shaking of an oil pipe is avoided, and the problems of insufficient impact force, unstable frequency and low continuity of the breaking hammer are avoided; the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A and the middle cylinder body lower cavity are separated by a main oil seal, so that the pressure relief of the middle cylinder body lower cavity is avoided, the upward movement of the piston rod is avoided being different, and the oil of the high-pressure oil cavity for placing the breaking hammer is leaked from the lower part.
Furthermore, a nitrogen chamber is arranged on the hammer body, and the upper end of the piston rod is arranged in the nitrogen chamber.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the quartering hammer long-term work operation generates heat easily, and the nitrogen chamber can play refrigerated effect, and the piston rod goes upward in addition and makes the compression in the nitrogen chamber, and when the piston rod was down, the nitrogen chamber provided the thrust of downward operation for the piston rod with well cylinder body epicoele jointly.
Furthermore, an energy accumulator is arranged on the hammer body, the oil inlet is communicated with the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body through an oil inlet pipe, and the energy accumulator is communicated with the oil inlet pipe.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the energy storage ware can play the buffering guard action, and the too big impact damage that causes the oil pressure that avoids the oil inlet to get into to advancing oil pipe and well cylinder body cavity inside down, and the setting up of energy storage ware can make the oil feed process more steady.
Furthermore, a valve high-pressure cavity is arranged in the change-over valve mechanism, the oil inlet is communicated with the valve high-pressure cavity, an oil through hole is formed in the valve high-pressure cavity, and a valve body in the change-over valve mechanism moves upwards under the action of oil pressure to enable the oil through hole to be communicated with the oil through pipe.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: hydraulic oil is introduced into the valve high-pressure cavity to push the valve body to move upwards, so that the oil through hole is communicated with the oil through pipe, and the hydraulic oil enters the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body.
Furthermore, an upper thick piston ring and a lower thick piston ring are arranged on the piston rod, the outer diameter of the upper thick piston ring is matched with the inner diameter of the lower end of the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body, the outer diameter of the lower thick piston ring is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body, main oil seals are arranged on the outer rings of the upper thick piston ring and the lower thick piston ring, the inner diameter of the low-pressure cavity B of the middle cylinder body is larger than that of the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the conversion cavity of the middle cylinder body is larger than that of the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the structure of the main oil seal on the upper coarse piston ring and the lower coarse piston ring and the structure of the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B and the middle cylinder body conversion cavity are arranged, so that mutual independence among the middle cylinder body upper cavity, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B, the middle cylinder body conversion cavity and the middle cylinder body lower cavity can be realized, smooth oil return of the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B can be ensured, and the middle cylinder body conversion cavity is communicated with an oil circuit between the conversion valve mechanism.
Furthermore, the area of the upper end of the upper coarse piston ring is larger than that of the lower end of the lower coarse piston ring.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the area of the upper end of the upper thick piston ring is larger than that of the lower end of the lower thick piston ring, so that the area of the upper cavity of the middle cylinder body under the action of oil pressure is larger than that of the lower cavity of the middle cylinder body, and the piston rod can move downwards under the action of oil pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic breaking hammer in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a structural relationship between a main oil seal and each cavity in a middle cylinder cavity in the embodiment;
in the figure, 1 hammer, 2 change-over valve mechanism, 3 oil inlet, 4 oil return port, 5 piston rod, 6 drill rod, 7 middle cylinder upper chamber, 8 middle cylinder low pressure chamber B, 9 middle cylinder conversion chamber, 10 middle cylinder lower chamber, 11 main oil seal, 12 oil through pipe, 13 oil through pipe, 14 oil return pipe, 15 middle cylinder low pressure chamber A, 16 middle cylinder low pressure chamber C, 17 nitrogen chamber, 18 accumulator, 19 oil inlet pipe, 20 valve high pressure chamber, 21 oil through hole, 22 upper coarse piston ring and 23 lower coarse piston ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a hammer body 1, wherein a change-over valve mechanism 2, a middle cylinder cavity, an oil inlet 3 and an oil return port 4 are arranged on the hammer body 1, a piston rod 5 is arranged in the middle cylinder cavity, and a drill rod 6 is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod 5;
the middle cylinder body cavity is sequentially provided with a middle cylinder body upper cavity 7, a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B8, a middle cylinder body conversion cavity 9 and a middle cylinder body lower cavity 10 from top to bottom, the piston rod 5 is provided with a plurality of main oil seals 11, and the middle cylinder body upper cavity 7, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B8, the middle cylinder body conversion cavity 9 and the middle cylinder body lower cavity 10 are sequentially separated by the main oil seals 11;
the oil inlet 3 is communicated with the lower cavity 10 of the middle cylinder body, the oil inlet 3 is communicated with the switching valve mechanism 2, the upper cavity 7 of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism 2 through an oil pipe 12, the switching cavity 9 of the middle cylinder body is connected with the switching valve mechanism 2 through a switching oil pipe 13, and the low-pressure cavity B8 of the middle cylinder body is communicated with the oil return port 4 through an oil return pipe 14.
The middle cylinder body cavity further comprises a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A15 and a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C16, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A15 and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C16 are communicated with the oil return port 4 through an oil return pipe 14, the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C16 is located at the upper end of the middle cylinder body upper cavity 7, and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A15 is located at the lower end of the middle cylinder body lower cavity 10.
The middle cylinder low-pressure cavity C16 and the middle cylinder upper cavity 7 are separated by a main oil seal 11, and the middle cylinder low-pressure cavity A15 and the middle cylinder lower cavity 10 are separated by the main oil seal 11.
The hammer body 1 is provided with a nitrogen chamber 17, and the upper end of the piston rod 5 is arranged in the nitrogen chamber 17.
The hammer body 1 is provided with an energy accumulator 18, the oil inlet 3 is communicated with the lower cavity 10 of the middle cylinder body through an oil inlet pipe 19, and the energy accumulator 18 is communicated with the oil inlet pipe 19.
A valve high-pressure cavity 20 is arranged in the change-over valve mechanism 2, the oil inlet 3 is communicated with the valve high-pressure cavity 20, an oil through hole 21 is formed in the valve high-pressure cavity 20, and a valve body in the change-over valve mechanism 2 moves upwards under the action of oil pressure to enable the oil through hole 21 to be communicated with the oil through pipe 12.
Be equipped with thick piston ring 22 and thick piston ring 23 down on the piston rod 5, go up the external diameter of thick piston ring 22 with the internal diameter of well cylinder upper chamber 7 lower extreme cooperatees, the external diameter of thick piston ring 23 down with the internal diameter of well cylinder lower chamber 10 upper end cooperatees, it all is equipped with main oil blanket 11 on thick piston ring 22 and the outer lane of thick piston ring 23 down, the internal diameter of well cylinder low-pressure chamber B8 is greater than the internal diameter of well cylinder upper chamber 7, the internal diameter of well cylinder body conversion chamber 9 is greater than the internal diameter of well cylinder body lower chamber 10 is thick. The upper end area of the upper coarse piston ring 22 is larger than the lower end area of the lower coarse piston ring 23, and the area of the oil pressure action of the upper cavity 7 of the middle cylinder body is larger than the area of the oil pressure action of the lower cavity 10 of the middle cylinder body.
The working principle is as follows:
in an initial state, the piston rod 5 and the valve body are both located at the lowermost position, the oil passage hole 21 is not communicated with the upper chamber 7 of the middle cylinder body, the upper chamber 7 of the middle cylinder body is acted by low pressure, the lower chamber 10 of the middle cylinder body and the high pressure chamber 20 of the valve mechanism 2 are always acted by high pressure, and the low pressure chamber B8 of the middle cylinder body connected with the oil return port 4 is always in a low pressure state. The middle cylinder low pressure chamber B8 is connected to the middle cylinder switch chamber 9, so that the middle cylinder switch chamber 9 is subjected to low pressure before the piston rod 5 moves upward, the switch valve mechanism 2 is subjected to the associated structure, and the valve body is subjected to downward force (the switch valve mechanism 2 is of a conventionally known structure, not shown in detail).
High pressure oil enters the middle cylinder lower cavity 10 to lift the piston rod 5, and when the piston rod 5 starts to move upwards, the nitrogen chamber 17 is pressurized. When the piston rod 5 moves to the middle part, the middle cylinder body conversion cavity 9 is communicated with the middle cylinder body lower cavity 10, so that the middle cylinder body conversion cavity 9 is subjected to high pressure, the valve body of the conversion valve mechanism 2 moves upwards, the oil through hole 21 is communicated with the oil through pipe 12, high-pressure oil enters the middle cylinder body upper cavity 7 from the valve high-pressure cavity 20, the middle cylinder body upper cavity 7 becomes high pressure, and the energy storage in the nitrogen chamber 17 reaches the maximum. Because the area of the upper cavity 7 of the middle cylinder body under the action of the oil pressure is larger than that of the lower cavity 10 of the middle cylinder body under the action of the oil pressure, the piston rod 5 moves downwards under the action of the oil pressure in the upper cavity 7 of the middle cylinder body, the piston rod 5 is struck by the piston rod 5 under the action of the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 17 to exert a downward force on the piston rod 5, the low-pressure cavity B8 of the middle cylinder body returns oil in the process that the piston rod 5 moves downwards, the conversion cavity 9 of the middle cylinder body is under low pressure, and the valve body of the conversion valve mechanism 2 moves downwards under the action of the conversion cavity 9 of the middle cylinder body; after the piston rod 5 strikes the drill rod 6, the piston rod 5 starts to move upwards, and the steps are repeated circularly.
The main oil seal (11) enables each cavity to be independent, actual motion is closer to theoretical motion, pressure relief is avoided, and the problems of oil pipe shaking, insufficient impact force, unstable frequency and low continuity are avoided.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer is characterized by comprising a hammer body (1), wherein a change-over valve mechanism (2), a middle cylinder body cavity, an oil inlet (3) and an oil return port (4) are arranged on the hammer body (1), a piston rod (5) is installed in the middle cylinder body cavity, and a drill rod (6) is installed at the lower end of the piston rod (5);
the middle cylinder body cavity is sequentially provided with a middle cylinder body upper cavity (7), a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B (8), a middle cylinder body conversion cavity (9) and a middle cylinder body lower cavity (10) from top to bottom, the piston rod (5) is provided with a plurality of main oil seals (11), and the middle cylinder body upper cavity (7), the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity B (8), the middle cylinder body conversion cavity (9) and the middle cylinder body lower cavity (10) are sequentially separated by the main oil seals (11);
the oil inlet (3) intercommunication well cylinder body lower chamber (10), oil inlet (3) intercommunication change-over valve mechanism (2), well cylinder body epicoele (7) are connected through oil pipe (12) change-over valve mechanism (2), well cylinder body conversion chamber (9) are connected through change oil pipe (13) change-over valve mechanism (2), well cylinder body low-pressure chamber B (8) are through oil return pipe (14) intercommunication oil return opening (4).
2. The novel airborne hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle cylinder body cavity further comprises a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A (15) and a middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C (16), the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A (15) and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C (16) are communicated with the oil return port (4) through an oil return pipe (14), the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity C (16) is located at the upper end of the middle cylinder body upper cavity (7), and the middle cylinder body low-pressure cavity A (15) is located at the lower end of the middle cylinder body lower cavity (10).
3. A novel onboard hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that the middle cylinder low-pressure chamber C (16) and the middle cylinder upper chamber (7) are separated by a main oil seal (11), and the middle cylinder low-pressure chamber a (15) and the middle cylinder lower chamber (10) are separated by a main oil seal (11).
4. A new type of onboard hydraulic breaking hammer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the hammer body (1) is provided with a nitrogen chamber (17), and the upper end of the piston rod (5) is installed in the nitrogen chamber (17).
5. The novel onboard hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein an energy accumulator (18) is arranged on the hammer body (1), the oil inlet (3) is communicated with the middle cylinder lower cavity (10) through an oil inlet pipe (19), and the energy accumulator (18) is communicated with the oil inlet pipe (19).
6. The novel airborne hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein a valve high-pressure cavity (20) is formed in the switching valve mechanism (2), the oil inlet (3) is communicated with the valve high-pressure cavity (20), an oil through hole (21) is formed in the valve high-pressure cavity (20), and the valve body in the switching valve mechanism (2) moves upwards under the action of oil pressure to enable the oil through hole (21) to be communicated with the oil through pipe (12).
7. The novel machine-mounted hydraulic breaking hammer is characterized in that an upper thick piston ring (22) and a lower thick piston ring (23) are arranged on the piston rod (5), the outer diameter of the upper thick piston ring (22) is matched with the inner diameter of the lower end of the upper middle cylinder body cavity (7), the outer diameter of the lower thick piston ring (23) is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the lower middle cylinder body cavity (10), main oil seals (11) are arranged on the outer rings of the upper thick piston ring (22) and the lower thick piston ring (23), the inner diameter of a low-pressure middle cylinder body cavity B (8) is larger than that of the upper middle cylinder body cavity (7), and the inner diameter of a conversion middle cylinder body cavity (9) is larger than that of the lower middle cylinder body cavity (10).
8. A new type of onboard hydraulic demolition hammer according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the upper end area of the upper coarse piston ring (22) is larger than the lower end area of the lower coarse piston ring (23).
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN118292514A (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-07-05 | 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 | High-frequency hammer feedback control device, method and system and construction equipment |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN118292514A (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-07-05 | 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 | High-frequency hammer feedback control device, method and system and construction equipment |
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