CN112942478A - Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer - Google Patents
Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112942478A CN112942478A CN202110168208.4A CN202110168208A CN112942478A CN 112942478 A CN112942478 A CN 112942478A CN 202110168208 A CN202110168208 A CN 202110168208A CN 112942478 A CN112942478 A CN 112942478A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
- E02F5/305—Arrangements for breaking-up hard ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
- F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pneumatic impact rapping hammer head of a breaking hammer, which comprises a cylinder body, an upper hammer rod, a rapping rod and a lower hammer rod; the upper hammer rod, the lower hammer rod and the cylinder body form a rapping cavity, and the lower end surface of the rapping rod is provided with driving teeth with wedge-shaped sections to form a wedge-shaped driving ring; the upper end surface of the lower hammer rod is provided with a wedge-shaped transmission ring, and the wedge-shaped transmission ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring are matched and meshed to form a transmission interlayer; a flow guide channel is arranged in the rapping rod, the upper port of the flow guide channel is communicated with the pressure cavity, and the lower port of the flow guide channel is communicated with the transmission interlayer; the piston of the breaking hammer sequentially transmits impact force through impacting the upper hammer rod and the lower hammer rod, so that axial multi-section breaking impact and circumferential rotary breaking of the lower hammer rod are realized; the invention adopts a unique rapping structure, effectively relieves the direct impact of the piston on the hammer head, and can better protect the hammer head and the machine body; meanwhile, multi-level vibration crushing can be provided, and the working efficiency of the crushing hammer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of breaking hammers, in particular to a hammer head.
Background
The breaking hammer is also called a breaker, a lithotripter, a stone breaking pick and the like, is one of important operation accessories of the excavator, and can also be arranged on a loader for breaking operation; the machine comprises a machine body, a hydraulic driving system, a piston and a hammer head, wherein the piston is driven to reciprocate by taking hydraulic pressure as power, the piston impacts the hammer head or a drill bit at a high speed during the stroke, and the impact force is transmitted through the hammer head so as to break solid such as ore, concrete and the like; although the machine can effectively break the hard surface, the machine has a plurality of points when in use, and the hammer head and the power mechanism can be damaged by carelessness; the important points are as follows: the breaking hammer cannot impact in the air: the continuous long-time striking cannot be carried out; when the target is large, the target can only be gradually crushed from the edge; the operation can not be carried out when the oil cylinder extends or contracts fully; under the conditions, the impact force of the piston is easily excessive to act on the hammer head, so that the main body screw is easy to loosen and damage, the hammer head is easy to loosen, and the excavator body is seriously damaged; therefore, the breaking hammer seems to be firm, but is delicate in practical use, and particularly needs to be stopped in time when rocks or beaten objects are broken, so that idle striking of the breaking hammer is avoided, and operators are required to have enough breaking experience; in summary, the conventional breaking hammer has high difficulty in operation by hand, and has many points needing attention in the operation process, which brings great inconvenience to the breaking operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the air-impact rapping hammer head of the breaking hammer, which adopts a unique rapping structure, effectively relieves the direct impact of a piston on the hammer head, and can better protect the hammer head and a machine body; meanwhile, multi-level vibration crushing can be provided, and the working efficiency of the crushing hammer is improved.
A pneumatic impact rapping hammer head of a breaking hammer comprises a cylinder body, an upper hammer rod, a rapping rod and a lower hammer rod; the piston of the breaking hammer sequentially transmits impact force through impacting the upper hammer rod and the lower hammer rod, so that axial multi-section breaking impact and circumferential rotary breaking of the lower hammer rod are realized, the breaking effect is improved, and meanwhile, idle impact loss is reduced;
the upper part of the upper hammer rod is provided with a connecting piece matched with the body of the breaking hammer so as to be conveniently and detachably assembled on the breaking hammer; the lower part of the upper hammer rod extends into the cylinder body, and the lower part of the upper hammer rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the upper part of the lower hammer rod extends into the cylinder body, and the upper part of the lower hammer rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body; a limit buckle structure is arranged between the lower hammer rod and the cylinder body to prevent the lower hammer rod from sliding off the lower part of the cylinder body; the lower part of the lower hammer rod extends out of the cylinder body;
the lower part of the upper hammer rod, the upper part of the lower hammer rod and the cylinder body form a rapping cavity with variable volume, the rapping rod is arranged in the rapping cavity in a sliding manner, and the rapping rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
an inwards concave pressure groove is formed in the upper end of the rapping rod, an elastic pressure spring is arranged between the rapping rod and the upper hammer rod, one end of the elastic pressure spring is in contact with the bottom of the pressure groove, and the other end of the elastic pressure spring is in contact with the upper hammer rod; a pressure cavity with variable volume is formed between the upper end of the rapping rod and the lower end of the upper hammer rod;
the lower end face of the rapping rod is provided with a driving tooth with a wedge-shaped section, and one end of the driving tooth has a large gradient and the other end has a small gradient; the driving teeth are arranged in an equidistant manner along the circumferential direction of the rapping rod in an end-to-end connection manner to form a wedge-shaped driving ring;
the upper end surface of the lower hammer rod is provided with a wedge-shaped driving ring which is matched and meshed with the wedge-shaped driving ring, and the wedge-shaped driving ring are matched and meshed to form a driving interlayer;
the inner part of the rapping rod is rotationally and symmetrically provided with a flow guide channel, the upper port of the flow guide channel is exposed from the inner wall of the pressure groove and communicated with the pressure cavity, and the lower port of the flow guide channel is exposed from the slope surface of the driving tooth and communicated with the transmission interlayer;
a one-way air inlet valve is arranged on the cylinder body and is communicated with the pressure cavity; a one-way exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder body and is communicated with the transmission interlayer;
in the working preparation stage, the lower end of the lower hammer rod props against a target object, the lower hammer rod is in close contact with the rapping rod at the moment, the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring are tightly occluded to seal the lower port of the flow guide channel, and the elastic pressure spring between the rapping rod and the upper hammer rod is in a compressed state; in the working process, a piston of the breaking hammer periodically impacts the upper hammer rod to drive the upper hammer rod, the vibrating rod and the lower hammer rod to reciprocate within a certain range of the cylinder axis so as to complete vibrating and breaking;
the downward movement stroke of the upper hammer rod is divided into two stages, namely, in the first stage: the volume of the pressure cavity is reduced, the internal gas is compressed, the air pressure is increased, meanwhile, the elastic pressure spring is shortened, and the impact force of the upper hammer rod is transmitted to the rapping rod through the air pressure and the elastic pressure spring; along with the increase of the air pressure, part of compressed air passes through the flow guide channel and impacts on the wedge-shaped driving ring to promote the separation of the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring, and at the moment, the driving interlayer becomes thicker; then, gas in the transmission interlayer is exhausted from the one-way exhaust valve, the air pressure in the transmission interlayer is reduced, and the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped transmission ring are restored to be in occlusion contact; because the driving teeth and the transmission teeth have different gradients, the lower hammer rod and the rapping rod can rotate to a certain extent in the processes of separation and occlusion recovery; in the whole first stage, compressed gas in the pressure cavity impacts the wedge-shaped transmission ring for multiple times and is discharged from the transmission interlayer until the upper hammer rod is contacted with the rapping rod, and then the second stage of downward moving stroke is carried out; in the first stage, the impact force of the upper hammer rod is transmitted to the lower hammer rod in a multi-section manner through compressed gas, so that the lower hammer rod is promoted to rotate, shake and crush the target object in a multi-section small-amplitude manner; in the second stage, the upper hammer rod is in direct contact with the rapping rod, the elastic pressure spring is not shortened any more, the volume of the pressure cavity is not changed any more, and the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped transmission ring are kept in meshed contact; at the moment, the impact force is directly transmitted to the lower hammer rod through the elastic pressure spring and the rapping rod, the lower hammer rod transmits the impact force to the target object, and the target object is finally crushed;
when the upper hammer rod returns, the elastic pressure spring gradually extends, the volume of the pressure cavity gradually increases, and external air is supplemented into the pressure cavity through the one-way air inlet valve; at this point, a work cycle is completed.
The relevant content in the above technical solution is explained as follows:
1. the connecting piece matched with the breaking hammer body: the connecting piece can be a connecting piece used when the traditional breaking hammer is connected with a drill rod and comprises a pin hole, a pin rod, a sleeve, a joint and the like, namely, the hammer head can be installed on the traditional breaking hammer or excavator in a matching way; since the connection structure of the conventional breaking hammer is known, further description is omitted here.
2. The mode that the upper hammer rod, the lower hammer rod or the rapping rod realize airtight sliding with the inner wall of the cylinder body has various common forms, for example, sealed lubricating oil is smeared on the contact surface of the inner wall of the cylinder body and the rod body, and a sealing lining, a sealing sleeve and the like can be arranged between the upper hammer rod, the lower hammer rod or the rapping rod and the inner wall of the cylinder body.
3. Be provided with spacing knot structure between hammer stem and cylinder body down: the limit buckle structure can have various common structures, for example, a limit sliding chute is arranged on the lower hammer rod, a limit sliding buckle matched with the limit sliding chute is arranged on the cylinder body, and the limit sliding buckle can only slide in a reciprocating manner within the range of the limit sliding chute so as to prevent the lower hammer rod from slipping off the cylinder body; other common structures such as hinged spacing chain cables may of course be provided therebetween.
4. One end of the driving gear has a large gradient and the other end has a small gradient: the wedge-shaped driving tooth is provided with two slope surfaces, the included angle between one slope surface and the end surface of the rapping rod is small, the included angle between the other slope surface and the end surface of the rapping rod is large, and the corresponding included angles are also two end angles of the driving tooth.
5. A wedge-shaped transmission ring: the wedge-shaped driving ring is matched with the wedge-shaped driving ring, namely the wedge-shaped driving ring is formed by splicing driving teeth matched with the driving teeth in shape in an end-to-end equidistant manner.
6. A transmission interlayer: the wedge-shaped transmission ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring are matched and meshed to form a transmission surface, and the lower port of the flow guide channel is plugged by the wedge-shaped transmission ring; when compressed gas is discharged from the flow guide channel and impacts the wedge-shaped transmission ring, a certain gap is formed between the transmission surfaces, and a transmission interlayer with a certain thickness is formed; for convenience, the driving surface is classified as a driving interlayer with a thickness of zero.
7. One-way intake valve, one-way exhaust valve: in the working process, the rapping cavity, the rapping rod, the upper hammer rod and the lower hammer rod only move within a certain range in a small amplitude, so that the pressure cavity and the transmission interlayer can move, but the moving range is smaller; the one-way air inlet valve and the one-way exhaust valve are arranged in the corresponding movable ranges, so that the one-way air inlet valve is communicated with the pressure cavity, and the one-way exhaust valve is communicated with the transmission interlayer; a plurality of one-way air inlet valves and one-way exhaust valves can be arranged on the axis of the cylinder body, so that gas circulation can be still generated when the pressure cavity and the transmission interlayer deform or displace.
Preferably, the number of the flow guide channels is the same as that of the driving teeth, the flow guide channels are matched with the driving teeth one by one, and the lower port of each flow guide channel is exposed out of the slope surface of one driving tooth.
Preferably, the air outlet direction of the lower port of the flow guide channel is over against the slope surface of the transmission teeth on the wedge-shaped transmission ring; the structure can enable gas to fully act on the wedge-shaped transmission ring, and promotes the separation and relative rotation of the lower hammer rod and the rapping rod.
Preferably, the lower port of the flow guide channel is exposed from a slope surface with a smaller upper gradient of the driving tooth; the structure can ensure that gas sprayed from the flow guide channel has larger impact force on the slope surface of the transmission teeth, thereby accelerating the separation of the rapping rod and the lower hammer rod and realizing the rapping of more sections.
Preferably, the upper port of the guide passage is exposed from the inner side wall of the pressure groove.
Preferably, a gasket is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the elastic pressure spring and is in contact with the upper hammer rod.
Preferably, a matched sliding rail-sliding rod structure is arranged on the contact surface of the cylinder body and the rapping rod, so as to limit the rotation of the rapping rod and further promote the rotation of the lower hammer rod.
As a further preference, the slide rail-slide bar structure is parallel to the axis of the cylinder.
The principle and advantages of the invention are as follows: the hammer head of the breaking hammer is uniquely improved, and a brand-new rapping cavity and rapping rod can provide multi-level rapping, impacting and breaking for the hammer head; in the first stage of the downward moving stroke, the hammer rod firstly carries out multistage small-amplitude vibration crushing on the target object, and generates certain rotary crushing force while vibrating and crushing, so that the target object can be crushed quickly; after the multi-section rapping is finished, the second stage of the stroke is carried out, and the target object is subjected to ultimate crushing with strong force, so that the crushing efficiency is effectively improved; simultaneously, this chamber of shaking can effectively reduce the loss to the organism when hitting empty: when the target object is crushed and the operator does not stop in time, the crushing hammer can impact in a null way; when the hammer is used, the piston impacts the hammer rod to firstly promote the pressure cavity to be reduced and the elastic pressure spring to be shortened, namely, the piston enters the first stage of a stroke; in the first stage, the impact force of the piston is transmitted through air pressure, namely the elastic pressure spring, and because no target object provides powerful support, a transmission interlayer formed by the wedge-shaped transmission ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring is easy to thicken, so that the impact force transmitted through the air pressure is divided into a plurality of times of discharge and leakage through the one-way exhaust valve, and part of the impact force can be buffered and stored by the elastic pressure spring, so that the instantaneous impact force on the hammer head is greatly reduced, and the loss on the hammer head is further reduced; in conclusion, the uniquely designed hammer head can provide multi-level vibration and beating crushing when abutting against a target object, so that the crushing effect is effectively improved; when no target object exists, the instantaneous impact force on the hammer head can be effectively buffered, and the hammer head and the machine body are better protected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention at a work preparation stage.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first stage of the hammer rod stroke in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second stage of the hammer rod stroke in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper hammer rod during the return stroke according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a wedge drive ring according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
example (b): referring to fig. 1 to 6, a pneumatic impact rapping hammer head of a breaking hammer comprises a cylinder body 1, an upper hammer rod 2, a rapping rod 3 and a lower hammer rod 4; the piston of the breaking hammer sequentially transmits impact force through the rapping rod 3 and the lower hammer rod 4 by impacting the upper hammer rod 2, so that axial multi-section breaking impact and circumferential rotary breaking of the lower hammer rod 4 are realized, the breaking effect is improved, and meanwhile, idle stroke loss is reduced;
the upper part of the upper hammer rod 2 is provided with a connecting piece matched with the breaking hammer body so as to be conveniently and detachably assembled on the breaking hammer, wherein the connecting piece is of a common structure, and is not shown in the figure in order to simplify the drawing and highlight the core technical characteristics of the invention; the lower part of the upper hammer rod 2 extends into the cylinder body 1, and the lower part of the upper hammer rod 2 can slide in a reciprocating way relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 in an airtight way;
the upper part of the lower hammer rod 4 extends into the cylinder body 1, and the upper part of the lower hammer rod 4 can slide in a reciprocating manner relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 in an airtight manner; be provided with spacing knot structure between hammer stem 4 and cylinder body 1 down, in this embodiment, spacing knot structure can have following structure: a limiting sliding chute is formed in the lower hammer rod 4, a limiting sliding buckle matched with the limiting sliding chute is arranged on the cylinder body 1, and the limiting sliding buckle can only slide in a reciprocating mode within the range of the limiting sliding chute so as to prevent the lower hammer rod 4 from sliding off the lower portion of the cylinder body 1; the lower part of the lower hammer rod 4 extends out of the cylinder body 1;
the lower part of the upper hammer rod 2, the upper part of the lower hammer rod 4 and the cylinder body 1 form a rapping cavity with variable volume, the rapping rod 3 is arranged in the rapping cavity in a sliding manner, and the rapping rod 3 can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1; in the embodiment, a matched slide rail-slide bar structure is arranged on the contact surface of the cylinder body 1 and the rapping rod 3, and the slide rail-slide bar structure is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body 1; this structure can restrict the rotation of the rapping rod 3, thereby facilitating the rotation of the lower hammer rod 4;
an inwards concave pressure groove 31 is formed in the upper end of the rapping rod 3, an elastic pressure spring 32 is arranged between the rapping rod 3 and the upper hammer rod 2, one end of the elastic pressure spring 32 is in contact with the bottom of the pressure groove 31, and a gasket is fixedly arranged at the other end of the elastic pressure spring and is in contact with the upper hammer rod 2; a pressure cavity 5 with variable volume is formed between the upper end of the rapping rod 3 and the lower end of the upper hammer rod 2;
as shown in fig. 3, a driving tooth 7 with a wedge-shaped cross section is arranged on the lower end surface of the rapping rod 3, and one end of the driving tooth 7 has a large gradient and the other end has a small gradient; as shown in fig. 6, the driving teeth 7 are arranged along the circumference of the rapping bar 3, end to end, and equidistantly to form a wedge-shaped driving ring 8;
a wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 which is matched and meshed with the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 is arranged on the upper end surface of the lower hammer rod 4, and the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 is formed by splicing driving teeth matched with the driving teeth 7 in shape end to end at equal intervals; the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 and the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 are matched and meshed to form a transmission interlayer 6;
the vibrating rod 3 is provided with guide channels 33 in a rotational symmetry manner, in the embodiment, the guide channels 33 are the same in number as the driving teeth 7 and are matched with the driving teeth one by one; the upper port of each flow guide channel 33 is exposed from the inner side wall of the pressure groove 31 and communicated with the pressure cavity 5, and the lower port of each flow guide channel 33 is exposed from a slope surface with a smaller upper gradient of one driving tooth 7 and communicated with the transmission interlayer 6;
a one-way air inlet valve 11 is arranged on the cylinder body 1, and the one-way air inlet valve 11 is communicated with the pressure cavity 5; a one-way exhaust valve 12 is arranged on the cylinder body 1, and the one-way exhaust valve 12 is communicated with the transmission interlayer 6; in this embodiment, a plurality of one-way intake valves 11 and one-way exhaust valves 12 are respectively disposed on the side wall of the cylinder 1 and the corresponding portions of the pressure chamber 5 and the transmission interlayer 6 in the range of motion, and the one-way intake valves 11 and the one-way exhaust valves 12 are equidistantly arranged on the axis of the cylinder 1, such as one-way ventilation meshes; to simplify the illustration, the drawings are shaded with arrows.
As shown in fig. 1, in the preparation phase, the lower end of the lower hammer rod 4 abuts against the target object, at this time, the lower hammer rod 4 is in close contact with the rapping rod 3, the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 and the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 are tightly occluded to close the lower port of the flow guide channel 33, and the elastic pressure spring 32 between the rapping rod 3 and the upper hammer rod 2 is in a compressed state; in the working process, a piston of the breaking hammer periodically impacts the upper hammer rod 2 to drive the upper hammer rod 2, the rapping rod 3 and the lower hammer rod 4 to reciprocate within a certain range of the axis of the cylinder body 1 so as to complete rapping and breaking;
the downward movement stroke of the upper hammer rod 2 is divided into two stages, as shown in fig. 2, in the first stage: the volume of the pressure cavity 5 is reduced, the internal gas is compressed, the air pressure is increased, meanwhile, the elastic pressure spring 32 is shortened, and the impact force of the upper hammer rod 2 is transmitted to the rapping rod 3 through the air pressure and the elastic pressure spring 32; with the increase of the air pressure, part of the compressed air passes through the guide channels 33 and impacts on the wedge-shaped through ring 9, so that the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 and the wedge-shaped through ring 9 are separated, and the transmission interlayer 6 is thickened as shown in fig. 3; then, the gas in the transmission interlayer 6 is discharged from the one-way exhaust valve 12, the air pressure in the transmission interlayer 6 is reduced, and the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 and the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 are restored to be in meshing contact; because the driving teeth 7 and the transmission teeth have different gradients, a certain rotation can be generated between the lower hammer rod 4 and the rapping rod 3 in the separation and recovery meshing processes, and in the embodiment, the rotation of the rapping rod 3 is limited by a slide rail-slide rod structure, so that the lower hammer rod 4 can rotate more effectively; in the whole first stage, compressed gas in the pressure cavity 5 impacts the wedge-shaped through ring 9 for multiple times and is discharged from the transmission interlayer 6 until the upper hammer rod 2 is contacted with the rapping rod 3, and then the second stage of downward moving stroke is carried out; in the first stage, the impact force of the upper hammer rod 2 is transmitted to the lower hammer rod 4 in a multi-section manner through compressed gas, so that the lower hammer rod 4 is promoted to rotate, shake and crush the target object in a multi-section small-amplitude manner; as shown in fig. 4, in the second stage, the upper hammer rod 2 is in direct contact with the rapping rod 3, the elastic pressure spring 32 is not shortened any more, the volume of the pressure chamber 5 is not changed any more, and the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 and the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 are kept in meshed contact; at the moment, the impact force is directly transmitted to the lower hammer rod 4 through the elastic pressure spring 32 and the rapping rod 3, the lower hammer rod 4 transmits the impact force to the target object, and the target object is finally crushed;
as shown in fig. 5, when the upper hammer rod 2 returns, the elastic pressure spring 32 gradually extends, the volume of the pressure chamber 5 gradually increases, and external air is supplemented into the pressure chamber 5 through the one-way air inlet valve 11; at this point, a work cycle is completed.
The hammer head of the breaking hammer is uniquely improved, and a brand-new rapping cavity and rapping rod 3 can provide multi-level rapping, impacting and breaking for the hammer head; in the first stage of the downward moving stroke, the hammer rod 4 firstly carries out multistage small-amplitude vibration crushing on the target object, and generates a certain rotary crushing force while vibrating and crushing, so that the fragmentation of the target object can be accelerated; after the multi-section rapping is finished, the second stage of the stroke is carried out, and the target object is subjected to ultimate crushing with strong force, so that the crushing efficiency is effectively improved; simultaneously, this chamber of shaking can effectively reduce the loss to the organism when hitting empty: when the target object is crushed and the operator does not stop in time, the crushing hammer can impact in a null way; the impact force of the piston completely acts on the hammer head, when the hammer is used, the piston impacts the hammer rod 2, the pressure cavity 5 is firstly promoted to be reduced, the elastic pressure spring 32 is firstly promoted to be shortened, and the first stage of the stroke is started; in the first stage, the impact force of the piston is transmitted through air pressure, namely the elastic pressure spring 32, and because no target provides powerful support, the transmission interlayer 6 formed by the wedge-shaped penetrating ring 9 and the wedge-shaped driving ring 8 is easy to thicken, so that the impact force transmitted through the air pressure is discharged and leaked through the one-way exhaust valve 12 for multiple times, and the elastic pressure spring 32 can buffer and store part of the impact force, so that the instantaneous impact force applied to the hammer head is greatly reduced, and the loss applied to the hammer head is further reduced; in conclusion, the uniquely designed hammer head can provide multi-level vibration and beating crushing when abutting against a target object, so that the crushing effect is effectively improved; when no target object exists, the instantaneous impact force on the hammer head can be effectively buffered, and the hammer head and the machine body are better protected.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a quartering hammer air blast rapping hammer which characterized in that: comprises a cylinder body, an upper hammer rod, a rapping rod and a lower hammer rod; the piston of the breaking hammer sequentially transmits impact force through impacting the upper hammer rod and the lower hammer rod, so that axial multi-section breaking impact and circumferential rotary breaking of the lower hammer rod are realized, the breaking effect is improved, and meanwhile, idle impact loss is reduced;
the upper part of the upper hammer rod is provided with a connecting piece matched with the body of the breaking hammer so as to be conveniently and detachably assembled on the breaking hammer; the lower part of the upper hammer rod extends into the cylinder body, and the lower part of the upper hammer rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the upper part of the lower hammer rod extends into the cylinder body, and the upper part of the lower hammer rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body; a limit buckle structure is arranged between the lower hammer rod and the cylinder body to prevent the lower hammer rod from sliding off the lower part of the cylinder body; the lower part of the lower hammer rod extends out of the cylinder body;
the lower part of the upper hammer rod, the upper part of the lower hammer rod and the cylinder body form a rapping cavity with variable volume, the rapping rod is arranged in the rapping cavity in a sliding manner, and the rapping rod can keep airtight reciprocating sliding relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the upper end of the rapping rod is provided with a concave pressure groove, and an elastic pressure spring is arranged between the rapping rod and the upper hammer rod; a pressure cavity with variable volume is formed between the upper end of the rapping rod and the lower end of the upper hammer rod;
the lower end face of the rapping rod is provided with a driving tooth with a wedge-shaped section, and one end of the driving tooth has a large gradient and the other end has a small gradient; the driving teeth are arranged in an equidistant manner along the circumferential direction of the rapping rod in an end-to-end connection manner to form a wedge-shaped driving ring;
the upper end surface of the lower hammer rod is provided with a wedge-shaped driving ring which is matched and meshed with the wedge-shaped driving ring, and the wedge-shaped driving ring are matched and meshed to form a driving interlayer;
the inner part of the rapping rod is rotationally and symmetrically provided with a flow guide channel, the upper port of the flow guide channel is exposed from the inner wall of the pressure groove and communicated with the pressure cavity, and the lower port of the flow guide channel is exposed from the slope surface of the driving tooth and communicated with the transmission interlayer;
a one-way air inlet valve is arranged on the cylinder body and is communicated with the pressure cavity; a one-way exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder body and is communicated with the transmission interlayer;
in the working preparation stage, the lower end of the lower hammer rod props against a target object, the lower hammer rod is in close contact with the rapping rod at the moment, the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring are tightly occluded to seal the lower port of the flow guide channel, and the elastic pressure spring between the rapping rod and the upper hammer rod is in a compressed state; in the working process, a piston of the breaking hammer periodically impacts the upper hammer rod to drive the upper hammer rod, the vibrating rod and the lower hammer rod to reciprocate within a certain range of the cylinder axis so as to complete vibrating and breaking;
the downward movement stroke of the upper hammer rod is divided into two stages, namely, in the first stage: the volume of the pressure cavity is reduced, the internal gas is compressed, the air pressure is increased, meanwhile, the elastic pressure spring is shortened, and the impact force of the upper hammer rod is transmitted to the rapping rod through the air pressure and the elastic pressure spring; along with the increase of the air pressure, part of compressed air passes through the flow guide channel and impacts on the wedge-shaped driving ring to promote the separation of the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped driving ring, and at the moment, the driving interlayer becomes thicker; then, gas in the transmission interlayer is exhausted from the one-way exhaust valve, the air pressure in the transmission interlayer is reduced, and the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped transmission ring are restored to be in occlusion contact; because the driving teeth and the transmission teeth have different gradients, the lower hammer rod and the rapping rod can rotate to a certain extent in the processes of separation and occlusion recovery; in the whole first stage, compressed gas in the pressure cavity impacts the wedge-shaped transmission ring for multiple times and is discharged from the transmission interlayer until the upper hammer rod is contacted with the rapping rod, and then the second stage of downward moving stroke is carried out; in the first stage, the impact force of the upper hammer rod is transmitted to the lower hammer rod in a multi-section manner through compressed gas, so that the lower hammer rod is promoted to rotate, shake and crush the target object in a multi-section small-amplitude manner; in the second stage, the upper hammer rod is in direct contact with the rapping rod, the elastic pressure spring is not shortened any more, the volume of the pressure cavity is not changed any more, and the wedge-shaped driving ring and the wedge-shaped transmission ring are kept in meshed contact; at the moment, the impact force is directly transmitted to the lower hammer rod through the elastic pressure spring and the rapping rod, the lower hammer rod transmits the impact force to the target object, and the target object is finally crushed;
when the upper hammer rod returns, the elastic pressure spring gradually extends, the volume of the pressure cavity gradually increases, and external air is supplemented into the pressure cavity through the one-way air inlet valve; at this point, a work cycle is completed.
2. The demolition hammer gas impact rapping hammer head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the flow guide channels are the same in number with the driving teeth and are matched with the driving teeth one by one, and the lower port of each flow guide channel is exposed out of the slope surface of one driving tooth.
3. The demolition hammer gas impact rapping hammer head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the air outlet direction of the lower port of the flow guide channel is opposite to the slope surface of the transmission teeth on the wedge-shaped transmission ring.
4. The demolition hammer gas impact rapping hammer head as defined in claim 1, wherein: and the lower port of the flow guide channel is exposed from a slope surface with smaller upper gradient of the driving tooth.
5. The demolition hammer gas impact rapping hammer head as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper port of the flow guide channel is exposed out of the inner side wall of the pressure groove.
6. The demolition hammer gas impact rapping hammer head as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a gasket is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the elastic pressure spring and is in contact with the upper hammer rod.
7. A breaking hammer air impact rapping hammer head as in any of claims 1-6, wherein: and a matched sliding rail-sliding rod structure is arranged on the contact surface of the cylinder body and the rapping rod.
8. The demolition hammer air-blast rapping hammer head as defined in claim 7, wherein: the sliding rail-sliding rod structure is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110168208.4A CN112942478A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110168208.4A CN112942478A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112942478A true CN112942478A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110168208.4A Withdrawn CN112942478A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112942478A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114215136A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 四川荣宇恒商贸有限公司 | Hammer and hook integrated rock arm |
| CN118583642A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 洛阳船舶材料研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所) | Impact cracking equipment for crack-arrest steel tensile test and control method |
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| CN111779063A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-10-16 | 何泽康 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
| CN112177086A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 安徽丰进机械有限公司 | Efficient sealed hydraulic breaking hammer and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CH133870A (en) * | 1927-05-24 | 1929-06-30 | Siemens Ag | Impact device with hammer bear going back and forth. |
| GB1286518A (en) * | 1969-11-21 | 1972-08-23 | Sp Kb Gidroimpulsnoi Tekhn Sib | Fluid operated hammers |
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| CN111779063A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-10-16 | 何泽康 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114215136A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 四川荣宇恒商贸有限公司 | Hammer and hook integrated rock arm |
| CN118583642A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 洛阳船舶材料研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所) | Impact cracking equipment for crack-arrest steel tensile test and control method |
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