CN215715667U

CN215715667U - Hydraulic hammer capable of working under non-compression state of drill rod

Info

Publication number: CN215715667U
Application number: CN202122139160.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗斌; 邱东峰
Original assignee: Anhui Anrui Intelligent Construction Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Anrui Intelligent Construction Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-06
Filing date: 2021-09-06
Publication date: 2022-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic hammer capable of working when a drill rod is not in a compressed state. An idle driving valve (18) is arranged between the buffer cavity (14) and system high-pressure oil, when the piston (5) enters the buffer cavity (14), the idle driving valve (18) is opened, the high-pressure oil enters the buffer cavity (14) and pushes out the piston (5), so that the hydraulic hammer works; when the piston (5) leaves the buffer chamber (14), the idle valve (18) is closed to cut off the oil path. The technical problems that the drill rod (10) must be pressed and the piston (5) is ejected out of the buffer cavity (14) by using the drill rod (10) in the starting and working processes of the hydraulic hammer are solved. The secondary crushing efficiency of the hydraulic hammer on materials and the operability of removing and crushing surface attachments are effectively improved.

Description

Hydraulic hammer capable of working under non-compression state of drill rod

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engineering machinery accessory, in particular to a hydraulic hammer which can work when a drill rod is not in a compression state.

Background

The hydraulic hammer is an impact machine which can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and is characterized by that it possesses two basic moving components of piston and reversal valve, and they are mutually feedback-controlled, i.e. the reciprocating movement of valve core can control the reversal of piston, and the starting and ending points of every stroke of piston can implement reversal of valve core by means of opening or closing control oil circuit of reversal valve.

To break stone, concrete and other building materials, the hydraulic hammer may be attached to various machines, such as an excavator, a backhoe or other similar machines. The hydraulic hammer is mounted to the arm of the machine and is connected to a hydraulic system. High pressure fluid in the hydraulic system is supplied to the hydraulic hammer to drive a piston in contact with the work tool to reciprocate and strike the work tool, completing the crushing task.

The hammer core (figure 1) of the existing hydraulic hammer mainly comprises: the device comprises a nut 1, a long bolt 2, a nitrogen chamber 3, a piston ring 4, a piston 5, a middle cylinder 6, a lower cylinder 7, an inner sleeve 8, an outer sleeve 9, a drill rod 10, a frequency modulation bolt 11, a reversing valve 12 and an energy accumulator 13. The return movement starts (fig. 1), and the high pressure oil P enters the front chamber through the oil port a1 and acts on the lower end of the spool of the direction valve 12 to stabilize the spool in the state shown in fig. 1. At the moment, a front cavity of the piston is communicated with high-pressure oil P, a rear cavity of the piston is communicated with an oil return T through an oil port a4, the piston 5 is driven by the high-pressure oil P in the front cavity to accelerate return stroke and compress nitrogen in a nitrogen chamber 3 to store energy (if an inflation body is not arranged in the nitrogen chamber 3, a pure hydraulic hammer is arranged), the energy accumulator 13 stores oil, when the piston moves to a control oil port a2 in the return stroke, the high-pressure oil P reaches the upper end of the valve core, the upper end and the lower end of the valve core are communicated with the high-pressure oil, because the effective area of the upper end of the valve core is larger than that of the lower end in the design, the valve core is reversed to a state shown in a drawing (2) under the action of the high-pressure oil, the front cavity and the rear cavity are communicated with the high-pressure oil P, the energy accumulator 13 discharges oil to supplement a hydraulic system, the piston 5 accelerates the stroke under the action of the nitrogen pressure (except the pure hydraulic hammer) and the oil pressure, and outputs impact energy. When the piston 5 passes over the striking point, the control ports a2 and a3 are communicated and communicated with the return oil T, the upper end of the valve core of the reversing valve 12 is decompressed, the valve core is quickly reversed to the state shown in the figure (1) under the action of the oil pressure at the lower end, the initial state is recovered, the piston 5 starts to return, the next striking cycle is started, and the steps are repeated. The frequency modulation bolt 11 is used for adjusting the flow of the hydraulic oil of the rear cavity, further adjusting the return speed of the piston 5 and adjusting the striking frequency. In the lower cylinder 7, there are rock-breaking drill rods 10, guiding inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9, while the inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9 have the function of protecting the lower cylinder 7 from wear.

The problems existing in the prior art are as follows: when the maximum diameter of the piston 5 enters the buffer cavity 14 (fig. 3), the hydraulic hammer cannot work at this time because the lower end surface of the maximum diameter of the piston 5 does not have high-pressure oil P; before the hydraulic hammer is started, the drill rod 10 is required to push the piston 5 out of the buffer cavity 14, and the drill rod 10 is required to be in a compressed state in the working process of the hydraulic hammer, so that the piston 5 is prevented from entering the buffer cavity 14, and the hydraulic hammer can continuously work.

Due to the technical problems, the following working conditions are difficult to satisfy.

(1) For the secondary crushing of the material, the material is light in weight and small in volume due to primary crushing (for example, blasting crushing), the material is easy to shift in the process of being pressed by a hydraulic hammer, and the piston 5 is difficult to push out of the buffer cavity 14 if the material is not pressed by the drill rod 10, so that the hydraulic hammer cannot work normally; in the work, the material needs to be repeatedly tried to be compacted to complete the crushing operation, and the efficiency is inevitably seriously influenced by the process.

(2) The surface attachment is cleaned and crushed to avoid damaging structures inside the attachment (for example, the rotary cement kiln refractory brick is dismantled, only the refractory brick needs to be crushed to avoid damaging a kiln wall below the refractory brick, and an inner liner of a steel ladle is prevented from being damaged in the process of removing steel slag by the steel ladle), but the conventional hydraulic hammer can normally work only by pressing a drill rod 10, and is difficult to stop in time (poor in operability) after the surface attachment is cleaned and crushed, so that the structures below the attachment are difficult to damage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a hydraulic hammer capable of working in a non-compaction state of a drill rod, aiming at the phenomenon that the drill rod needs to be compacted in the working process of the existing hydraulic hammer, and the hydraulic hammer is used for working conditions of secondary crushing of materials, cleaning and crushing of attachments on the surface of a structural member and the like.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention comprises: the device comprises a nut, a long bolt, a nitrogen chamber, a piston ring, a piston, a middle cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a drill rod, a reversing valve, a blank valve core and a blank valve sleeve. The nitrogen chamber, the middle cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are fixedly connected through a long bolt, and the piston reciprocates in the middle cylinder body (the motion sequence refers to the background technology) to strike the drill rod; for convenience in describing the technical scheme, a component formed by the idle operation valve core and the idle operation valve sleeve is called an idle operation valve. After the maximum diameter of the piston enters the buffer cavity, because the hydraulic pressure on the end face where the idle striking valve core is communicated with the buffer cavity is smaller than the hydraulic pressure on the end face where the idle striking valve core is communicated with the system high-pressure oil P, the idle striking valve core moves, so that the system high-pressure oil P enters the buffer cavity through an oil port on the idle striking valve sleeve, an oil circuit inside the idle striking valve core and an annular oil cavity between the idle striking valve core and the idle striking valve sleeve, the piston is pushed out of the buffer cavity, and the hydraulic hammer continuously works; after the piston leaves the buffer cavity, because the hydraulic pressure applied to the end face of the valve core of the idle striking valve communicated with the buffer cavity is larger than the hydraulic pressure applied to the end face of the valve core of the idle striking valve communicated with the high-pressure oil P of the system (the area of the end face of the valve core of the idle striking valve communicated with the buffer cavity is larger than the area of the end face of the valve core of the idle striking valve communicated with the pressure of the system), the valve core of the idle striking valve moves, and an oil way is cut off.

Has the advantages that: after the piston enters the buffer cavity, the idle valve is connected with high-pressure oil P, so that oil enters the buffer cavity and is pushed out of the piston, and the technical problem that a drill rod is required to be pressed and the piston is pushed out of the buffer cavity by the drill rod in the starting and working processes of the hydraulic hammer is solved. The secondary crushing efficiency of the material and the operability of removing and crushing surface attachments are effectively improved.

As a further improvement of the utility model, a stop valve is arranged between the system high-pressure oil P and the idle valve or a stop valve is arranged between the idle valve and the buffer cavity for controlling whether the idle valve participates in the work.

Has the advantages that: in order to protect the idle valve, the stop valve is used for disconnecting the oil way under the working condition that the working effect is not influenced by the compression drill rod and the non-compression drill rod in the working process of the hydraulic hammer, and the idle valve does not work, so that the purpose of protecting the idle valve is achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the piston entering the cushion chamber.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic hammer of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1 nut, 2 long bolts, 3 nitrogen chambers, 4 piston rings, 5 pistons, 6 middle cylinder bodies, 7 lower cylinder bodies, 8 inner sleeves, 9 outer sleeves, 10 drill rods, 11 frequency modulation bolts, 12 reversing valves, 13 energy accumulators, 14 buffer cavities, 15 idle striking valve cores, 16 idle striking valve sleeves, 17 stop valves and 18 idle striking valves.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (main drawings: fig. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7).

The nitrogen chamber 3, the middle cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 7 are tightly connected through the long bolt 2, the piston 5 reciprocates in the middle cylinder 6 (the motion sequence refers to the background technology), and the drill rod 10 is struck; for convenience of description, the components of the idle valve spool 15 and the idle valve sleeve 16 are referred to as an idle valve 18. After the piston 5 enters the buffer cavity 14 with the largest diameter (fig. 3), because the hydraulic pressure applied to the end surface where the idle striking valve core 15 is communicated with the buffer cavity 14 is smaller than the hydraulic pressure applied to the end surface where the idle striking valve core 15 is communicated with the system high-pressure oil P, the idle striking valve core 15 moves leftwards (fig. 4), so that the system high-pressure oil P enters the buffer cavity 14 through the oil port b1 on the idle striking valve sleeve 16, the oil path inside the idle striking valve core 15 and the annular oil cavity between the idle striking valve core 15 and the idle striking valve sleeve 16, the piston 5 is pushed out of the buffer cavity 14, and the hydraulic hammer continuously works; after the piston 5 leaves the buffer cavity 14, because the hydraulic pressure applied to the end face of the idle valve core 15 communicated with the buffer cavity 14 is greater than the hydraulic pressure applied to the end face of the idle valve core 15 communicated with the system high-pressure oil P (the area of the end face of the idle valve core 15 communicated with the buffer cavity 14 is greater than the area of the end face of the idle valve core 15 communicated with the system high-pressure oil P), the idle valve core 15 moves rightwards (fig. 5), and the oil way is cut off.

As a further development of the utility model, a shut-off valve 17 (fig. 6) is provided between the system high-pressure oil P and the idle valve 18 or a shut-off valve 17 (fig. 7) is provided between the idle valve 18 and the buffer chamber 14 for controlling whether the idle valve 18 is engaged.

The utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and other variations within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art are within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic hammer operable in a non-compressed state of a drill rod, comprising: the device comprises a nut (1), a long bolt (2), a nitrogen chamber (3), a piston ring (4), a piston (5), a middle cylinder body (6), a lower cylinder body (7), a drill rod (10) and a reversing valve (12); the nitrogen chamber (3), the middle cylinder body (6) and the lower cylinder body (7) are tightly connected through a long bolt (2); the reversing valve (12) controls the piston (5) to reciprocate in the middle cylinder body (6) to strike the drill rod (10), and is characterized in that: an idle driving valve (18) is arranged between the buffer cavity (14) and system high-pressure oil, when the piston (5) enters the buffer cavity (14), the idle driving valve (18) is opened, and the high-pressure oil enters the buffer cavity (14) to push out the piston (5); when the piston (5) leaves the buffer chamber (14), the idle-blow valve (18) is closed; the idle operation valve (18) consists of an idle operation valve core (15) and an idle operation valve sleeve (16), and the idle operation valve core (15) slides in the idle operation valve sleeve (16) along the axial direction.

2. A hydraulic hammer operable in a shank non-compressed state according to claim 1, wherein: the area of the end face of the valve core (15) of the idle striking valve communicated with the buffer cavity (14) is larger than that of the end face of the valve core (15) of the idle striking valve communicated with high-pressure oil of the system.

3. A hydraulic hammer operable in a shank non-compressed state according to claim 1, wherein: when the idle striking valve (18) is opened, system high-pressure oil enters the buffer cavity (14) through an oil port on the idle striking valve sleeve (16), an oil circuit inside the idle striking valve core (15), and an annular oil cavity between the idle striking valve core (15) and the idle striking valve sleeve (16).

4. A hydraulic hammer operable in a non-compressed state of a drill rod according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: a stop valve (17) is arranged between the system high-pressure oil and the idle valve (18) or the stop valve (17) is arranged between the idle valve (18) and the buffer cavity (14) and is used for controlling the operation or non-operation of the idle valve (18).