CN112796364A

CN112796364A - Energy-saving hydraulic hammer

Info

Publication number: CN112796364A
Application number: CN202110222167.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗斌; 邱东峰
Original assignee: Ma'anshan Anrui Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Ma'anshan Anrui Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-28
Filing date: 2021-02-28
Publication date: 2021-05-14

Abstract

The invention provides an energy-saving hydraulic hammer, aiming at the phenomena that the matching surface is damaged (pulled) due to the impact of a piston 5 on a cylinder body 6, a hydraulic hammer damages a main machine structural member and energy is wasted.

Description

Energy-saving hydraulic hammer

Technical Field

The invention relates to an engineering machinery accessory, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic hammer.

Background

The hydraulic hammer is an impact machine which can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and is characterized by that it possesses two basic moving components of piston and reversal valve, and they are mutually feedback-controlled, i.e. the reciprocating movement of valve core can control the reversal of piston, and the starting and ending points of every stroke of piston can implement reversal of valve core by means of opening or closing control oil circuit of reversal valve.

To break stone, concrete and other building materials, the hydraulic hammer may be attached to various machines, such as an excavator, a backhoe or other similar machines. The hydraulic hammer is mounted to the arm of the machine and is connected to a hydraulic system. High pressure fluid in the hydraulic system is supplied to the hydraulic hammer to drive a piston in contact with the work tool to reciprocate and strike the work tool, completing the crushing task.

The hammer core (figure 1) of the existing hydraulic hammer mainly comprises: the device comprises a nut 1, a long bolt 2, a nitrogen chamber 3, a piston ring 4, a piston 5, a middle cylinder 6, a lower cylinder 7, an inner sleeve 8, an outer sleeve 9, a drill rod 10, a frequency modulation bolt 11, a reversing valve 12 and an energy accumulator 13. The return movement starts (fig. 1), and the high pressure oil P enters the front chamber through the oil port a1 and acts on the lower end of the spool of the direction valve 12 to stabilize the spool in the state shown in fig. 1. At the moment, a front cavity of the piston is communicated with high-pressure oil P, a rear cavity of the piston is communicated with an oil return T through an oil port a4, the piston 5 is driven by the high-pressure oil P in the front cavity to accelerate return stroke and compress nitrogen in a nitrogen chamber 3 to store energy (if an inflation body is not arranged in the nitrogen chamber 3, a pure hydraulic hammer is arranged), the energy accumulator 13 stores oil, when the piston moves to a control oil port a2 in the return stroke, the high-pressure oil P reaches the upper end of the valve core, the upper end and the lower end of the valve core are communicated with the high-pressure oil, because the effective area of the upper end of the valve core is larger than that of the lower end in the design, the valve core is reversed to a state shown in a drawing (2) under the action of the high-pressure oil, the front cavity and the rear cavity are communicated with the high-pressure oil P, the energy accumulator 13 discharges oil to supplement a hydraulic system, the. When the piston 5 passes over the striking point, the control ports a2 and a3 are communicated and communicated with the return oil T, the upper end of the valve core of the reversing valve 12 is decompressed, the valve core is quickly reversed to the state shown in the figure (1) under the action of the oil pressure at the lower end, the initial state is recovered, the piston 5 starts to return, the next striking cycle is started, and the steps are repeated. The frequency modulation bolt 11 is used for adjusting the flow of the hydraulic oil of the rear cavity, further adjusting the return speed of the piston 5 and adjusting the striking frequency. In the lower cylinder 7, there are rock-breaking drill rods 10, guiding inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9, while the inner and

outer sleeves

8, 9 have the function of protecting the lower cylinder 7 from wear.

The piston 5 rebounds after hitting the drill rod 10, the rebounding energy causes the throttling heating of the frequency modulation bolt 11 because the frequency modulation bolt 11 obstructs the oil return speed of the hydraulic oil in the rear cavity, and the pressure in the rear cavity is inevitably increased rapidly due to the throttling action of the frequency modulation bolt 11, so that a peak value is generated. Due to the high pressure in the rear chamber, the rebound energy cannot be released in time (the rebound speed of the piston 5 is high), which inevitably causes the piston 5 to impact the middle cylinder 6, causing damage (strain) to the piston 5 and the middle cylinder 6. Meanwhile, the vibration of the main machine can be caused, and the strength of the structural part is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to an energy-saving hydraulic hammer, which aims at the phenomena that a matching surface is damaged (pulled) due to the fact that a piston 5 impacts a cylinder body 6, a main machine structural member is damaged by a hydraulic hammer, and energy is wasted.

The hydraulic hammer is characterized in that an oil port of a rear cavity of a hydraulic hammer is communicated with the end face of an energy-saving valve core b1, the step face of the energy-saving valve core b2 is connected with an oil circuit, the end face of b3 is communicated with system high-pressure oil P, the effective area of the end face of the energy-saving valve core b1 is smaller than that of the end face of b3, so that an energy-saving valve (comprising an energy-saving valve core, an energy-saving valve sleeve and an energy-saving valve cover) is a normally closed valve, and when the pressure in the rear cavity rises enough to overcome the pressure generated by the high-pressure oil P on the end face of the energy-saving valve core b3 due to rebounding after a piston 5 strikes a drill rod 10, the energy-saving valve core moves, so that the hydraulic oil.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic hammer.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows an enlarged view I of the energy saving valve.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the hydraulic hammer of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows an enlarged view II of the energy saving valve.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (main drawings: fig. 3, 4, 5, and 6).

Description of reference numerals:

1, nuts, 2, long bolts, 3, nitrogen chambers, 4, piston, 5, piston, 6, cylinder, 7, lower cylinder, 8, inner sleeve, 9, outer sleeve, 10, drill rod, 11, frequency-modulated bolt, 12, reversing valve, 13, energy accumulator, 14, high-pressure oil path, 15, oil return path, 16, energy-saving valve, valve core, 17, energy-saving valve, valve sleeve, 18 and energy-saving valve cover.

According to the invention, an oil port a4 of a rear cavity of a hydraulic hammer is communicated with an end face b1 of an energy-saving valve core 16, a b2 step face of the energy-saving valve core 16 is connected with an oil return way 15, and an end face b3 of the energy-saving valve core 16 is communicated with system high-pressure oil P, because the effective area of the end face b1 of the energy-saving valve core 16 is smaller than that of the end face b3, an energy-saving valve (comprising the energy-saving valve core 16, an energy-saving valve sleeve 17 and an energy-saving valve cover 18) is a normally closed valve (figure 4), when the pressure in the rear cavity is increased to overcome the pressure generated by the high-pressure oil P at the end face b3 of the energy-saving valve core 16 due to rebounding after a piston 5 strikes a drill rod 10, the energy-saving valve core moves (figure 6), so that the hydraulic oil in the rear cavity enters an energy accumulator.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-saving hydraulic hammer, includes nut (1), long bolt (2), nitrogen chamber (3), piston ring (4), piston (5), well cylinder body (6), lower cylinder body (7), endotheca (8), overcoat (9), drill rod (10), frequency modulation bolt (11), switching-over valve (12), energy storage ware (13), energy-saving valve case (16), energy-saving valve barrel (17), energy-saving valve gap (18), its characterized in that: an oil port (a 4) of a rear cavity of the hydraulic hammer is communicated with a b1 end face of an energy-saving valve core (16), a b2 step face of the energy-saving valve core (16) is connected with an oil return way (15), a b3 end face of the energy-saving valve core (16) is communicated with system high-pressure oil P, the effective area of the b1 end face of the energy-saving valve core (16) is smaller than that of a b3 end face, when the piston (5) rebounds after hitting a drill rod (10) to cause that the pressure in the rear cavity rises to be enough to overcome the pressure generated by the high-pressure oil P at the b3 end face of the energy-saving valve core (16), the energy-saving valve core moves, so that the hydraulic oil in the rear cavity enters an energy accumulator (13) through a high-pressure oil way (14).

2. An energy efficient hydraulic hammer as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the energy-saving valve is arranged between a high-pressure oil path (14) and an oil return path (15) of the middle cylinder body (6).

3. An energy efficient hydraulic hammer as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the axis of the valve core (16) of the energy-saving valve is parallel to the axis of the piston (5).