CN215966878U - Welding anomaly detection device and laser welding system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a welding abnormity detection device and a laser welding system. The welding abnormality detection device includes a test board having a first surface and a second surface that are disposed opposite to each other in a first direction, the first surface being perpendicular to the first direction, and a perpendicular distance from the second surface to the first surface increasing in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and an image capturing member. The image acquisition piece is located one side of the test board corresponding to the second surface and used for acquiring first image data of the second surface, and the first image data contain weld joint features used for judging whether the welding equipment is abnormal in welding. The welding abnormity detection device can comprehensively detect welding abnormity caused by various abnormal factors, the accuracy of welding abnormity detection of the laser welding equipment is improved, the missing rate of welding abnormity is reduced, and the yield of workpieces is improved. Meanwhile, the method can be used for quickly detecting, greatly reducing the detection frequency of the first workpiece and improving the productivity.

Description

Welding anomaly detection device and laser welding system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a welding abnormity detection device and a laser welding system.

Background

Laser welding is an efficient precision welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source, and has the advantages of large depth and width, high energy density, welding of heterogeneous materials, easiness in control and the like. Defects inevitably occur during the laser welding process due to the cross-over effect of various process parameters. In the related art, whether a laser welding apparatus is abnormal is detected by performing on-line analysis of laser radiation intensity. In this way, only welding anomalies of the laser welding equipment caused by some abnormal factors (such as insufficient laser output power) can be detected, and welding anomalies of the laser welding equipment caused by various abnormal factors (such as welding anomalies detected when defocusing amount is abnormal) cannot be detected more comprehensively, so that detection accuracy is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present application provides a welding abnormality detection device and a laser welding system, which can detect the welding abnormality of a laser welding device caused by various abnormal factors comprehensively and quickly.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a welding anomaly detection device, including: the test board is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are arranged oppositely in a first direction, the first surface is vertical to the first direction, and the vertical distance from the second surface to the first surface is increased along the direction vertical to the first direction; and the image acquisition part is arranged opposite to the second surface and is used for acquiring first image data of the second surface, and the first image data contains a weld joint characteristic used for judging whether the laser welding equipment is abnormally welded.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, in the detection process, the laser welding equipment moves along the direction vertical to the first direction, and a welding seam with a certain length is formed on the test plate. The image acquisition part acquires the first image data of the second surface, and the actual penetration of the laser welding equipment can be reflected according to the weld joint characteristics in the first image data, so that whether abnormal factors exist in the laser welding equipment can be judged according to the weld joint characteristics. Because most of abnormal factors can all lead to the penetration unusual, consequently the welding anomaly detection device in the embodiment of this application can comparatively comprehensive detection because of the welding anomaly that various abnormal factors lead to, has just also improved the welding anomaly detection's to laser welding equipment accuracy, has reduced the rate of missing of welding anomaly, helps improving the work piece yields. Meanwhile, the welding abnormity detection device in the embodiment of the application is convenient to apply, can quickly detect, can greatly reduce the detection frequency of the first workpiece, and improves the productivity.

In some embodiments, the second surface is a bevel, and a perpendicular distance of the bevel to the first surface increases along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second surface is set to be the inclined plane, the inclined plane is convenient to process, the inclined plane is linearly increased in size, the electrodeless detection actual fusion depth is favorably realized, and the detection precision is favorably provided.

In some embodiments, the second surface includes a plurality of stepped planes connected in series along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a perpendicular distance from each of the plurality of stepped planes to the first surface increases along the third direction. Through setting up the second surface into the echelonment, the ladder characteristic is comparatively obvious, and the staff is difficult to appear when the installation test board first surface and second surface be the first surface and the circumstances that the second surface was installed reversely easily, has the slow-witted effect of preventing.

In some embodiments, the weld features include a number of step planes that are welded through. Whether welding is abnormal is judged through the number of steps which are welded through, the detection speed is high, the processing requirement is low, and the hardware cost is reduced.

In some embodiments, the weld seam feature comprises a weld seam length feature on the second surface. In this case, the method is applicable to second surfaces of various structures, and the detection accuracy is high.

In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, a median value of a range of values corresponding to a perpendicular distance from the second surface to the first surface is equal to a penetration value matched with the test plate. The penetration value matched with the test plate is used as the median of the thickness value range of the test plate, the thickness of the test plate is reasonably set, and the method can be suitable for detecting various welding seam penetration results within equal positive and negative errors corresponding to the matched penetration value.

In some embodiments, the first surface is provided with a positioning part, and the positioning part is used for being matched with a positioning camera in the laser welding equipment for positioning. The positioning camera is matched with the positioning part, so that the positioning of the positioning camera on the welding position is facilitated, and whether the positioning camera works abnormally or not is also facilitated to be judged.

In some embodiments, the test device further comprises a bracket and a base, the bracket is fixedly installed on the base, the test board is installed on the bracket, and the image acquisition part is arranged on the base. The mounting of the test board and the image acquisition part is realized through the bracket and the base, and the image acquisition part is convenient to acquire first image data.

In some embodiments, the image capture member is movably disposed on the base in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. By arranging the image acquisition part to be movable, complete second image data can be captured even under the condition that the distance between the test board and the image acquisition part is small, the size of the welding abnormity detection device is reduced, and the miniaturization of the welding abnormity detection device is realized.

In some embodiments, the base is provided with a slide rail and a slide block, the slide rail extends along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the slide block is slidably disposed on the slide rail along the extending direction of the slide rail, and the image capturing component is disposed on the slide rail. The image acquisition part moves by the sliding block moving on the sliding rail, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the device cost is reduced.

In some embodiments, the laser welding device further comprises a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is in communication connection with the image acquisition unit and is used for judging whether the laser welding device is abnormal in welding according to the weld characteristics contained in the first image data. The judgment and the treatment of welding abnormity are realized through the processing piece, and the automatic detection and the judgment of the welding abnormity detection device can be realized on the basis of not depending on other control devices, so that the welding abnormity detection device can be used independently.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a laser welding system including a laser welding apparatus and the welding abnormality detection device in the above embodiments, the laser welding apparatus being located on a side of the test plate opposite to the first surface and including a welding head for forming a weld on the test plate while moving in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Welding abnormity caused by various abnormal factors is comprehensively detected by the welding abnormity detection device, the accuracy of welding abnormity detection of the laser welding equipment is improved, the missing rate of the welding abnormity is reduced, and the yield of workpieces is improved. Meanwhile, the rapid detection can be realized, the detection frequency of the first workpiece can be greatly reduced, and the productivity is improved.

In some embodiments, the laser welding system further comprises a control device, and the laser welding equipment further comprises a positioning camera arranged at the welding head and used for positioning; the positioning camera is in communication connection with the control device, and the control device is used for judging whether the positioning camera works abnormally according to second image data acquired by the positioning camera. Through detecting the operating mode to the location camera, can avoid because of the welding that the location camera work leads to unusually unusual, and then avoid the false retrieval, can also guarantee the yields of work piece simultaneously.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application is given in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understandable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a welding anomaly detection device according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a welding anomaly detection device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser welding system in some embodiments of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

welding abnormality detection apparatus 100;

a test plate 110; a first surface 111; a second surface 112; a slope 1121; a step plane 1122; an image acquisition component 120; a positioning part 130; a bracket 140; a base 150; a slide rail 151; a slider 152; a handling member 160;

a laser welding apparatus 200;

a bonding head 210; a positioning camera 220; a laser 230;

a first direction X; a second direction Y; a third direction Z.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the embodiments of the present application and for simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; mechanical connection or electrical connection is also possible; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

The laser welding equipment is in welding process, and the welding anomaly can inevitably appear, and the unusual factor that arouses the welding anomaly has a plurality ofly, and if laser luminous power is not enough, the soldered connection protection lens is dirty, and defocusing amount is unusual etc. and the welding anomaly can make work piece yields reduce, consequently before the welding work piece, need to detect laser welding equipment whether have the anomaly factor.

The inventor of the present invention has noted that, in the related art, the abnormal factor is mainly detected in a manner of combining an online detection with a certain abnormal factor, for example, the intensity of the laser output power is analyzed and monitored to determine whether the welding abnormality exists in the laser welding equipment. Therefore, the welding abnormity caused by other abnormal factors is easy to miss detection only by aiming at the single abnormal factor, and the detection accuracy is low.

In order to solve the problem of low detection accuracy caused by missing detection in the welding abnormity detection process of the laser welding equipment, the applicant researches and discovers that most of abnormal factors can cause a welding abnormity result, namely abnormal penetration. For example, when the laser welding apparatus has defocus abnormality, it causes the weld depth to become shallow or deep; when the laser light emitting power of the laser welding equipment is insufficient, the depth of a welding seam becomes shallow; when a welding head protective lens of the laser welding equipment is dirty, laser is reflected due to the dirt, and welding seams at welding positions corresponding to the dirty position become shallow or no welding seams are generated.

Based on the above consideration, in order to solve the problem of low detection accuracy caused by missing detection in the process of detecting welding abnormality of the laser welding equipment, the inventors have conducted intensive research and designed a welding abnormality detection device. The welding abnormity detection device utilizes the image acquisition part to acquire a welding seam image formed on the test plate in the process that the laser welding equipment moves along the length direction of the test plate, wherein the thickness of the test plate increases gradually, and the thickness range of the test plate contains the penetration value of the detected laser welding equipment. When the laser welding equipment is normal, the part of the test plate with the thickness smaller than or equal to the penetration value is welded through, and the part of the test plate larger than the penetration value is not welded through. On the contrary, when the laser welding equipment is abnormal, the part of the test plate with the thickness smaller than or equal to the penetration value may not be welded through, or the part of the test plate larger than the penetration value may be welded through. The actual penetration of the laser welding equipment can be reflected by the weld features in the weld image, so that whether abnormal factors exist in the laser welding equipment or not can be judged according to the weld features.

Because most of abnormal factors can cause the abnormal penetration, the welding abnormity detection device judges whether the laser welding equipment has the abnormal factors by utilizing the welding seam characteristics, can comprehensively detect the welding abnormity caused by various abnormal factors, also improves the accuracy of the welding abnormity detection of the laser welding equipment, reduces the omission factor of the welding abnormity and is beneficial to improving the yield of workpieces.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 in some embodiments of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 in other embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a welding anomaly detection apparatus 100, the welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 includes a test board 110 and an image acquisition member 120, the test board 110 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are oppositely disposed in a first direction X, the first surface 111 is perpendicular to the first direction X, and a perpendicular distance from the second surface 112 to the first surface 111 increases in a direction perpendicular to the first direction X. The image acquiring element 120 is disposed opposite to the second surface 112 and configured to acquire first image data of the second surface 112, where the first image data includes a weld joint feature for determining whether the welding device is abnormal in welding.

Herein, "the image capturing member 120 is disposed opposite to the second surface 112" means that the image capturing member 120 and the second surface 112 of the test board 110 are on the same side of the test board 110. For example, as a reference standard with respect to the up-down direction of the test board 110 shown in fig. 1, the image taking member 120 and the second surface 112 are both located on the lower side of the test board 110, or the image taking member 120 and the second surface 112 are both located on the left side of the test board 110. It should be noted that the image capturing element 120 may be disposed on the test board 110, or may not be disposed on the test board 110, and only the image capturing element 120 needs to capture the first image data of the second surface 112, which is not limited herein.

The "weld characteristics" are used to characterize the weld information of the second surface 112 that is welded through, and may include the weld length, the weld width, and the like of the second surface 112. It will be appreciated that the non-penetrated portions of the test plate 110 will not form a weld on the second surface 112 thereof.

Here, the "first direction X" is preferably a thickness direction of the test plate 110, a direction perpendicular to the first direction X may be a length direction of the test plate 110 or a width direction of the test plate 110, and the "perpendicular distance from the second surface 112 to the first surface 111 increases in a direction perpendicular to the first direction X" means that the thickness of the test plate 110 increases in the length direction or the width direction thereof. The term "increase" refers to that the thickness of the test plate 110 gradually increases along the length direction or the width direction, and may be linearly increased, may be gradually increased (e.g., gradually increased according to the thickness of x units), or may be gradually increased in a curve, which is not limited herein. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser welding system provided in some embodiments of the present application. In practical applications, referring to fig. 3, the first direction X corresponds to a vertical direction, and the "first surface 111 is perpendicular to the first direction X" indicates that the first surface 111 is a horizontal plane. The laser welding apparatus 200 is positioned above the test plate 110, and the welding head 210 of the laser welding apparatus 200 is disposed toward the first surface 111, and the image acquisition member 120 is positioned below the test plate 110.

During the inspection, the laser welding apparatus 200 moves in a direction (e.g., a length direction or a width direction) perpendicular to the first direction X, and forms a length of a weld on the test plate 110. The thickness range of the test plate 110 includes the penetration value of the laser welding apparatus 200. When the laser welding apparatus 200 is normal, the second surface 112 of the portion of the test plate 110 having the thickness less than or equal to the penetration value is welded through, and the second surface 112 of the portion of the test plate 110 greater than the penetration value is not welded through. On the contrary, when the laser welding apparatus 200 is abnormal, the second surface 112 of the portion of the test plate 110 having the thickness less than or equal to the penetration value may not be welded through, or the second surface 112 of the portion of the test plate 110 greater than the penetration value may be welded through. The image capturing unit 120 captures first image data of the second surface 112, and may represent an actual penetration depth ("actual penetration depth" corresponds to a maximum thickness of the test plate 110 corresponding to the second surface 112 to be welded through) of the laser welding apparatus 200 according to a weld feature in the first image data, so as to determine whether the laser welding apparatus 200 has an abnormal factor according to the weld feature.

Because most of abnormal factors can cause the penetration to be abnormal, the welding abnormity detection device 100 in the embodiment of the application can comprehensively detect the welding abnormity caused by various abnormal factors, so that the accuracy of the welding abnormity detection of the laser welding equipment 200 is improved, the missing rate of the welding abnormity is reduced, and the improvement of the yield of workpieces is facilitated. Meanwhile, the welding abnormity detection device 100 in the embodiment of the application is convenient to apply, can rapidly detect, can greatly reduce the detection frequency of the first workpiece, and improves the productivity.

It should be noted that the first surface 111 is arranged perpendicular to the first direction X, so that the distance from the welding head 210 of the laser welding apparatus 200 to the first surface 111 is equal everywhere during the movement, and the first surface 111 is always welded through while the part of the second surface 112 that is not welded through is welded through, so that the penetration of the second surface 112 can reflect the actual welding situation. If the second surface 112 is set to be a horizontal surface, the above-described effect is not achieved.

Alternatively, image capturing element 120 is a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor. Of course, an image acquisition device such as an MMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor may be used.

The test plate 110 may be a metal plate such as a steel plate or an iron plate.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the second surface 112 is an inclined surface 1121, and a vertical distance from the inclined surface 1121 to the first surface 111 increases along a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X.

In actual operation, the laser welding apparatus 200 generates a weld on the test plate 110 when moving in the second direction Y, and when the perpendicular distance from the inclined surface 1121 to the first surface 111 in the second direction Y is greater than the actual penetration depth, the spot cannot be welded through, and when the perpendicular distance from the spot to the first surface 111 is less than or equal to the actual penetration depth, the spot can be welded through.

At this time, the second surface 112 is set as the inclined surface 1121, the processing of the inclined surface 1121 is convenient, and the inclined surface 1121 is linearly increased in size, so that the realization of the electrodeless detection actual melting depth is facilitated, and the detection precision is facilitated.

In the embodiment, the test board 110 is a trapezoidal board, which is convenient for manufacturing.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 2, the second surface 112 includes a plurality of stepped planes 1122 sequentially connected along a third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X, and a perpendicular distance from each stepped plane 1122 of the plurality of stepped planes 1122 to the first surface 111 increases along the third direction Z.

Wherein each step plane 1122 is parallel to the first surface 111. The vertical distance from each step plane 1122 to the first surface 111 is different, and the vertical distance from each step plane 1122 to the first surface 111 increases progressively along the third direction Z, so that the thickness of the test board 110 increases progressively in the third direction Z. In actual operation, when a certain step plane 1122 is welded through, the laser welding apparatus 200 generates a weld on the test plate 110 when moving in the third direction Z, which indicates that the penetration depth of the laser welding apparatus 200 is at least not less than the perpendicular distance from the step plane 1122 to the first surface 111. When the vertical distance from a step plane 1122 to the first surface 111 is greater than the penetration depth, the step plane 1122 cannot be welded through.

Through setting up second surface 112 to the echelonment, the ladder characteristic is comparatively obvious, and the staff is difficult to appear first surface 111 and second surface 112 when the installation test board 110 the first surface and the condition that the second surface is easily installed and is reversed, has the slow-witted effect of preventing.

In some embodiments of the present application, the weld features include a number of features of the step plane 1122 that are welded through. Whether welding is carried out or not is judged according to the number of steps of the welded head, the speed block is detected, the requirement on the image processing capacity is low, and the hardware cost is reduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, the weld seam feature comprises a weld seam length feature on the second surface. Weld length features are extracted from the first image data based on the first image data. And when the extracted length of the welding seam is greater than or less than the set length, indicating that the welding is abnormal, otherwise, indicating that the welding is normal. Whether welding is abnormal or not is judged according to the length characteristics of the welding seam, the method is suitable for second surfaces (comprising the inclined surface 1121 and the stepped plane 1122) with various structures, and the actual penetration and the precision angle can be detected steplessly.

The second direction Y and the third direction Z may be parallel to each other or may intersect each other.

Of course, the configuration of the second surface 112 may take other forms in other embodiments of the present application. For example, the second surface 112 includes a plurality of step slopes 1121 which are sequentially connected in a third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X, a vertical distance from each step slope 1121 to the first surface 111 increases in a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X and the third direction Z, in a cross section of the test plate 110 parallel to the third direction Z, the vertical distance from each step slope 1121 to the first surface 111 is constant in the third direction Z, and the vertical distances from a plurality of step surfaces to the first surface 111 increases in the third direction Z.

At this time, in actual work, when the laser welding apparatus 200 moves in the third direction Z, whether there is a welding abnormality can be judged by the number of stepped surfaces that are welded through. When the laser welding apparatus 200 moves in the second direction Y, it is possible to judge whether there is a welding abnormality by the length of the bead formed on the stepped slope 1121. At this time, different stepped slopes 1121 may be used for the laser welding apparatus 200 detecting different penetration values. Meanwhile, the median value corresponding to different positions on the test board 110 parallel to the third direction Z is different, that is, the laser welding apparatus 200 with different penetration values can be matched. In this manner, the same test board 110 in the embodiment of the present application is adapted to the abnormality detection of the laser welding apparatus 200 of a plurality of different penetration values.

It should be noted that the weld seam characteristics may not only include the weld seam length characteristics or the step number characteristics in the above embodiments, but also include the weld seam width characteristics. The weld width feature can help identify welding anomalies caused by dirt of the protective lens and the like, and the weld width is often smaller than the normal weld width at the moment.

In some embodiments of the present application, in a direction perpendicular to the first direction X, a median value of a range corresponding to a perpendicular distance from the second surface 112 to the first surface 111 is equal to a penetration value matched with the test board 110.

Here, the "direction perpendicular to the first direction X" may be the second direction and/or the third direction mentioned in the above-described embodiments. That is, the median of the range of thickness values of the test plate 110 is equal to the penetration value matched to the test plate 110. Where "median" refers to one-half of the sum of the two endpoints of the range. The "penetration value matched with the test plate 110" refers to the penetration value of the laser welding apparatus 200 that can be detected by the test plate 110, that is, the test plate 110 is matched with the laser welding apparatus 200 with the corresponding penetration value, and the laser welding apparatuses 200 with different penetration values are matched with the test plates 110 with different sizes. For example, when the test plate 110 is used to test the laser welding apparatus 200 having a penetration value of 3mm, the thickness of the test plate 110 may range from 1mm to 5 mm.

By using the penetration value matched with the test plate 110 as the median of the thickness value range, the thickness of the test plate 110 is reasonably set, and the method can be suitable for detecting various weld penetration results within equal positive and negative errors corresponding to the matched penetration value.

Alternatively, when the second surface 112 includes a plurality of stepped planes 1122, the difference in the perpendicular distance from the adjacent two stepped planes 1122 to the first surface 111 is equal. Preferably, the penetration depth of 0.5mm is the difference between two adjacent step planes 1122, and if the actual welding penetration depth is about 3mm, the penetration depth is 0.5mm, which is gradually increased from 1mm to 5 mm.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the first surface 111 is provided with a positioning portion 130, and the positioning portion 130 is used for positioning in cooperation with a positioning camera 220 in a laser welding apparatus 200.

In the present embodiment, the laser welding apparatus 200 includes a welding head 210 and a positioning camera 220 provided on the welding head 210. In actual operation, the welding head 210 in the laser welding apparatus 200 is moved above the test board 110, and the positioning camera 220 recognizes the positioning portion 130 of the test board 110 to position the welding position. The welding head 210 starts welding, and the image acquirer 120 acquires the first image data after the welding is finished, so as to identify the length of penetration or the number of steps of penetration by the weld information in the first image data. Generally, the laser welding apparatus 200 is spot-inspected a plurality of times to ensure the welding accuracy of the laser welding apparatus 200 during the welding process. The positioning camera 220 is used to re-identify the positioning part 130 of the test board 110 for each inspection, and the program feeds back the inspection as the next inspection of the day or the shift. At this time, the second image data acquired when the positioning camera 220 identifies the positioning unit 130 in the current spot inspection is compared with the second image data acquired in the previous spot inspection or the first spot inspection, so as to determine whether the positioning camera 220 works abnormally. The second image data acquired by the positioning camera 220 at the time of the work abnormality is different from the second image data acquired in the normal state. Thus, the abnormality of the positioning camera 220 can be simply and quickly checked. The reason for the abnormal operation of the positioning camera 220 is that the bracket 140 of the positioning camera 220 is loose, and the lens of the positioning camera 220 is dirty.

The positioning portion 130 may be a positioning column, a positioning block, or the like, and the positioning portion 130 may also be an edge shape of the test board 110 itself. The specific form is not limited. Optionally, the positioning portion 130 is disposed at an edge of the first surface 111, so as to avoid overlapping with a welding range of the welding head 210, which affects a welding result and causes false detection.

In some embodiments of the present application, the welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 further includes a bracket 140 and a base 150, the bracket 140 is fixedly mounted on the base 150, the test board 110 is mounted on the bracket 140, and the image capturing element 120 is disposed on the base 150. In this manner, there is a distance between image capture member 120 and test plate 110 that facilitates image capture member 120 in capturing second image data of second surface 112.

Preferably, the rack 140 includes a plurality of racks 140, and the plurality of racks 140 are spaced apart along the circumference of the test plate 110 around the first direction X. Therefore, the test board 110 can be supported favorably, and the welding positions of the bracket 140 and the welding head 210 can be prevented from being overlapped to influence the welding result and cause false detection. Further preferably, the brackets 140 include four brackets, which are respectively arranged at two pairs of opposite corners in the test circumferential direction.

Preferably, in one embodiment, test plate 110 is removably attached to frame 140. Thus, the welding abnormality detection can be performed on the laser welding apparatuses 200 of different properties by replacing the test plates 110 of different thickness dimensions.

Alternatively, the positioning portion 130 is formed by a portion of the bracket 140 protruding from the first surface 111, so that the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the image capturing element 120 is movably disposed on the base 150 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction X. When the welding is finished, the image acquisition member 120 moves to below the weld to acquire second image data of the weld on the second surface 112. When the image capturing unit 120 moves in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, the image data on the second surface 112 at all positions in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X can be captured to form complete second image data. In this way, even when the distance between the test board 110 and the image acquiring member 120 is small, the second image data can be captured completely, which contributes to reducing the size of the welding abnormality detection apparatus 100 and to downsizing the welding abnormality detection apparatus 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the distance between the image capturing unit 120 and the test board 110 may be increased by increasing the shooting angle of the image capturing unit 120.

Here, the "direction perpendicular to the first direction X" may be the second direction and/or the third direction mentioned in the above-described embodiments.

Specifically, in the embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, the base 150 is provided with a slide rail 151 and a slider 152, the slide rail 151 extends along a direction perpendicular to the first direction X, the slider 152 is slidably disposed on the slide rail 151 along the extending direction of the slide rail 151, and the image capturing element 120 is disposed on the slide rail 151. At this time, the movement of the image capturing unit 120 is realized by the movement of the slider 152 on the slide rail 151, which is simple in structure and convenient in operation, and contributes to the reduction of the apparatus cost. Of course, in other embodiments, the sliding on the sliding rail 151 may be achieved by adding a pulley below the image capturing element 120.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 3 together, the welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 further includes a processing unit 160, where the processing unit 160 is connected in communication with the image capturing unit 120, and is configured to extract a weld feature according to the first image data acquired by the image capturing unit 120, and determine whether the welding anomaly is generated according to the weld feature. The processing element 160 may be a CPU (central processing Unit), an MCU (micro controller Unit), a single chip microcomputer, or an industrial personal computer, and the like having a processing function, and the processing element 160 may be integrated with the image capturing element 120, or may be separately and independently disposed from the image capturing element 120, and the specific form is not limited.

By implementing judgment and processing of welding abnormality through the processing member 160, automatic detection and judgment of the welding abnormality detection device 100 can be implemented without depending on other control devices, so that the welding abnormality detection device 100 can be used alone.

The "communication connection" may be an electrical connection (via a circuit connection) or a wireless connection (via a wireless communication connection such as WiFi, bluetooth, 3G, 4G, and 5G).

Alternatively, the processing member 160 moves the setting in synchronization with the image capturing member 120. For example, the processing member 160 and the image capturing member 120 are both disposed on the slider 152, and the processing member 160 and the image capturing member 120 may be electrically connected, so that the hardware cost can be reduced.

Further, when the processing element 160 determines that the welding is abnormal, the processing element 160 generates an alarm sound to remind relevant personnel to investigate the reason for the abnormality.

Of course, in other embodiments, the welding anomaly detection apparatus 100 may also achieve the functions of determining and reminding by connecting the image capturing element 120 to the control device of other equipment in a communication manner.

Referring to fig. 3, the laser welding system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a laser welding device 200 and the welding anomaly detection device 100, wherein the laser welding device 200 is located on a side of the test plate 110 opposite to the first surface 111, and includes a welding head 210 for forming a welding seam on the test plate 110 when moving along the second direction Y. Since the laser welding system includes the welding abnormality detection apparatus 100 in any of the above embodiments, it includes the beneficial effects in all of the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.

It is understood that the laser welding apparatus 200 includes components such as the laser 230 in addition to the welding head 210, and the specific structure of the laser welding apparatus 200 may refer to the existing laser welding apparatus 200, which is not described or limited in the embodiments of the present application. Meanwhile, specific configurations of the structures of the welding head 210, the laser 230, and the like are not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and reference may be made to existing configurations.

In some embodiments of the present application, the laser welding system further includes a control device (not shown), the laser welding apparatus 200 further includes a positioning camera 220 disposed at the welding head 210 and configured to position the welding head 210, the positioning camera 220 is in communication with the control device, and the control device is configured to determine whether the positioning camera 220 works abnormally according to the second image data acquired by the positioning camera 220.

The positioning camera 220 cooperates with the positioning portion 130 on the test board 110 to position the welding position of the butt joint 210. The specific arrangement of the positioning part 130 on the test board 110 is described in the above embodiments, and is not described herein. The control means may be the treatment member 160 mentioned in the above embodiments, or other treatment devices.

In actual operation, the laser welding apparatus 200 needs to be checked multiple times during the process of welding the workpiece by the laser welding apparatus 200, and the welding position of the welding head 210 is located by using the second image data acquired by the positioning camera 220 before each check. At this time, the second image data captured by the positioning camera 220 is received by the control device, and the control device determines whether the positioning camera 220 is located according to the second image data acquired by the current spot inspection and the second image data acquired by the historical spot inspection of the positioning camera 220. When the second image data acquired by the current spot inspection is consistent with the second image data acquired by the historical spot inspection, it is indicated that the positioning camera 220 works normally, and when the second image data acquired by the current spot inspection is inconsistent with the second image data acquired by the historical spot inspection, it is indicated that the positioning camera 220 works abnormally, and related personnel are reminded to overhaul. Factors causing the positioning camera 220 to work abnormally include the camera mount 140 being loose, the lens being dirty, and the like.

The acquisition rule of the second image data acquired by the historical spot inspection is not limited, and the second image data may be acquired by the first spot inspection in the current day, or may be acquired by the previous spot inspection.

Through detecting the operating mode to location camera 220, can avoid because of the welding that location camera 220 work leads to unusually unusual, and then avoid the false retrieval, can also guarantee the yields of work piece simultaneously.

Alternatively, the positioning camera 220 is a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor. Of course, an image acquisition device such as an MMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor may be used.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A welding abnormality detection device characterized by comprising:

the test board is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are arranged oppositely in a first direction, the first surface is perpendicular to the first direction, and the perpendicular distance from the second surface to the first surface increases along the direction perpendicular to the first direction; and

and the image acquisition part is arranged opposite to the second surface and is used for acquiring first image data of the second surface, and the first image data contains weld joint characteristics used for judging whether the laser welding equipment is abnormally welded.

2. The welding anomaly detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said second surface is a slope and the perpendicular distance of said slope to said first surface increases in a second direction perpendicular to said first direction.

3. The welding anomaly detection device according to claim 1, wherein said second surface includes a plurality of stepped planes connected in series along a third direction perpendicular to said first direction, a perpendicular distance from each of said stepped planes to said first surface increasing along said third direction.

4. The welding anomaly detection device according to claim 3, wherein said weld bead feature comprises a number of said stepped planes that are welded through.

5. The welding anomaly detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said weld bead feature comprises a weld bead length feature in said second surface.

6. The welding abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, a median value of a range of values corresponding to a perpendicular distance from the second surface to the first surface is equal to a penetration value matched to the test plate.

7. The welding abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a positioning portion for positioning in cooperation with a positioning camera in the laser welding apparatus is provided on the first surface.

8. The welding anomaly detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a bracket and a base, wherein said bracket is fixedly mounted to said base, said test plate is mounted to said bracket, and said image capture member is provided to said base.

9. The welding abnormality detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that said image taking member is provided on said base movably in said direction perpendicular to said first direction.

10. The welding anomaly detection device according to claim 9, wherein a slide rail and a slider are provided on the base, the slide rail extends in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, the slider is slidably provided on the slide rail in the direction in which the slide rail extends, and the image acquisition member is provided on the slide rail.

11. The welding abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a processing unit, communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit, for determining whether the laser welding apparatus is welding-abnormal or not, based on the weld characteristics included in the first image data.

12. A laser welding system comprising a laser welding apparatus and the welding abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the laser welding apparatus being located on a side of the test plate opposite to the first surface and including a welding head for forming a weld on the test plate while moving in the direction perpendicular to the first direction.

13. The laser welding system of claim 12, wherein the laser welding apparatus further comprises a positioning camera fixedly coupled to the welding head and disposed toward the first surface;

the laser welding system also comprises a control device in communication connection with the positioning camera and used for judging whether the positioning camera works abnormally or not according to second image data acquired by the positioning camera.

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