CN215948233U - Loess hillside reinforced structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a loess hillside reinforcing structure, and belongs to the technical field of side slope geological disaster treatment. Draw the bank protection and set up the platform basis in the bank protection bottom, the bank protection is gone up the pergola and is provided with a plurality of slots, the ditch inslot is provided with crossbeam and longeron, the top of longeron is provided with the back timber, crossbeam and longeron are fixed on the bank protection through a plurality of stock respectively, crossbeam and longeron form the net, and are provided with the grass planting subassembly in the net, be provided with prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth on the platform basis, be provided with concrete layer on the prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth, be provided with the lead wire net piece in the concrete layer, be provided with the recess on the concrete layer, install the intercepting ditch in the recess, the top of intercepting ditch is along flushing with concrete layer's surface. The utility model has simple structure and convenient construction, and can effectively improve the stability of the side slope.

Description

Loess hillside reinforced structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a loess hillside reinforcing structure, and belongs to the technical field of side slope geological disaster treatment.

Background

Loess side slope soil layer has macroporosity, column joint development and collapsible characteristic, belongs to the slope of shady face on the topography, and the illumination is weaker, and moisture evaporation rate is relatively slow, and the surface infiltration back is mainly excreted through the infiltration, concentrates in the soil layer more easily. Particularly, the fully-covered protective structures such as mortar-laid stone facing walls or spray anchors commonly used for loess side slopes of roads and railways further weaken the evaporation of water in soil bodies of the shade slopes, objectively create relatively enriched underground water areas behind the protective structures, cause the soil bodies to be wet and soft, and have poorer side slope stability. Ordinary stock frame is the mode of consolidating the loess side slope, and this fender structure can strengthen the steadiness of side slope in short-term, nevertheless is not ideal to the long-term treatment effect of loess hillside. Investigation finds that the loess landslide body generally grows to be 1-3m thick, belongs to superficial layer landslide, and the damage of the whole side slope is usually generated and gradually developed from the slope toe. The utility model aims to provide a supporting system with strong pertinence, science and economy and stable protection effect for the loess hillside and a construction method thereof.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides the loess negative slope reinforcing structure which is simple in structure and convenient to construct and can effectively improve the stability of the side slope.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that the loess negative slope reinforcing structure comprises a slope protection and a platform foundation arranged at the bottom of the slope protection, wherein a plurality of grooves are transversely and vertically arranged on the slope protection, cross beams and longitudinal beams are arranged in the grooves, top beams are arranged at the tops of the longitudinal beams, the cross beams and the longitudinal beams are respectively fixed on the slope protection through a plurality of anchor rods, the cross beams and the longitudinal beams form a grid, grass planting assemblies are arranged in the grid, impermeable geotextile is arranged on the platform foundation, a concrete layer is arranged on the impermeable geotextile, lead wire meshes are arranged in the concrete layer, grooves are arranged on the concrete layer, intercepting ditches are arranged in the grooves, and the top edges of the intercepting ditches are flush with the surface of the concrete layer.

Preferably, the beam longitudinal beam, the top beam and the intercepting ditches are all formed by cast-in-place construction, the beam is provided with an expansion joint every 10-15m, the intercepting ditches are provided with an expansion joint every 10-20m, the width of the expansion joint is 2cm, and the expansion joint is filled with asphalt floc.

Preferably, the grass planting assembly mainly comprises a plurality of hollow hexagonal bricks and grass planting soil arranged on the hollow hexagonal bricks, the hollow hexagonal bricks are uniformly paved in grids, and the top surfaces of the hollow hexagonal bricks are flush with the surfaces of the cross beams and the longitudinal beams.

Preferably, the depth of the transverse beam and the longitudinal beam embedded into the groove is 20cm, and the distance between the transverse beam and the longitudinal beam is 3.5 m.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects: the utility model has simple structure and convenient construction, adopts the anchor rod to connect the anchor rod, mortar and peripheral rock-soil layers into a whole by drilling and grouting, effectively improves the stability of the slope, adopts the frame beam positioned on the slope surface as the outer anchor body force transmission structure of the anchor rod to form a skeleton slope protection effect on the slope surface, and has the functions of protecting and supporting the foot and the slope foot and preventing rainwater from splashing and soaking the foot. The combined action of the frame beam, the anchor rod, the frame beam foundation and the soil body improves the mechanical property of the soil body of the side slope and increases the overall stability of the side slope. The hollow hexagonal brick can effectively reduce the erosion and damage of the side slope and meet the requirements of water and soil conservation and drainage. The transpiration of the grass stems and leaves and the water retention of developed root systems can control the water content of the side slope within a certain range, and the plants can beautify the side slope. The platform intercepting ditch structure reduces the adverse effects of water flow on side slope scouring and water flow infiltration on side slope stability. The hollow hexagonal brick, the grass planting and the platform catch water ditch structure act together to reduce the adverse effect of water. The loess hillside reinforcing structure system provided by the utility model is advanced in technology, remarkable and stable in protection effect, and has good social and economic benefits and engineering application prospects.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a normal projection of the frame structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the catch basin of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hollow hexagonal brick according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a loess negative slope reinforced structure, including bank protection 1 and the platform basis 2 of setting in the bank protection bottom, slope protection 1 is gone up the pergola and is provided with a plurality of slots, be provided with crossbeam 3 and longeron 4 in the slot, the top of longeron 4 is provided with back timber 5, crossbeam 3 and longeron 4 are fixed on bank protection 1 through a plurality of stock 6 respectively, crossbeam 3 and longeron 4 form the net, and be provided with grass planting subassembly 7 in the net, be provided with prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth 8 on the platform basis 2, be provided with concrete layer 9 on the prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth 8, be provided with the lead wire net piece in the concrete layer 9, be provided with the recess on the concrete layer 9, install intercepting ditch 10 in the recess, the top edge of intercepting ditch 10 flushes with the surface of concrete layer 9. The beam 3, the longitudinal beam 4, the top beam 5 and the intercepting ditches 10 are all formed by cast-in-place construction, the beam 3 is provided with an expansion joint every 10-15m, the intercepting ditches 10 are provided with an expansion joint every 10-20m, the width of the expansion joint is 2cm, and the expansion joint is filled with asphalt floc. The grass planting assembly 7 mainly comprises a plurality of hollow hexagonal bricks 11 and grass planting soil 12 arranged on the hollow hexagonal bricks, the hollow hexagonal bricks 11 are uniformly laid in grids, and the top surfaces of the hollow hexagonal bricks 11 are flush with the surfaces of the cross beams and the longitudinal beams.

The specific construction process of the utility model is as follows:

1. anchor rod construction

(1) The process flow comprises the following steps: measuring and paying off to determine a hole position → positioning a drilling machine → adjusting an angle → drilling a hole → cleaning a hole → testing a bolt hole → manufacturing and installing a bolt body → grouting → testing the pulling resistance of the bolt.

(2) And (5) measuring and setting out the anchor rod hole. According to the requirements of a designed elevation, in the anchor rod construction range, the fixed piles are arranged on the starting points and the stopping points by using instruments, the conditions are encrypted in the middle, and the anchor rod is guaranteed not to be damaged in the construction stage. Other hole sites are measured by taking the fixing piles as standard steel rulers, the whole section is uniformly lofted, and the error of the hole sites is not more than +/-50 mm. And (4) embedding a semi-permanent mark at the determined hole site, and setting out while strictly forbidding construction.

(3) And (6) drilling. And selecting a drilling machine tool of the equipment, wherein the drilling equipment is selected according to the category of the anchoring stratum, the aperture of the anchor rod, the depth of the anchor rod, the construction site condition and the like. And adopting a pipe-following drilling technology in the stratum which is easy to collapse holes and drill sticking and burying due to broken rock stratum or soft water saturation and the like.

(4) The drill is in place. A platform is erected by using a scaffold rod with the diameter of 50mm, the platform is fixed with a slope surface by using an anchor rod, and a drilling machine is lifted to the platform by using a tripod. The installation of the drilling machine requires to be horizontal and stable, and the drilling machine needs to be checked at any time in the drilling process.

(5) And (6) drilling. Firstly, the drilling requires air drilling and dry drilling, and water drilling is forbidden, so that the engineering geological condition of the side slope rock body is not deteriorated during anchor rod construction, and the bonding property of the hole wall is ensured. The drilling speed is strictly controlled according to the performance of the drilling machine and the anchoring stratum, and the drilling hole is prevented from being twisted and reduced, so that the anchoring difficulty or other accidents are avoided. Secondly, in the drilling process, on-site construction records are made on stratum changes, drilling states (drilling pressure and drilling speed), underground water and some special conditions of each hole. If the drilling is not performed well, the drilling is stopped immediately, the wall-fixing grouting treatment is performed in time (the grouting pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa), and after the cement mortar is initially set, the hole is swept again for drilling. Thirdly, the hole diameter and the hole depth of the drilled hole are required to be not less than the design values, the deviation of the hole opening is not more than +/-50 mm, and the allowable deviation of the hole depth is +200 mm. To ensure the diameter of the anchor rod hole, the diameter of the drill bit used in practice is required to be not smaller than the designed hole diameter. In order to ensure the depth of the anchor rod hole, the actual drilling depth is required to be more than 0.2m larger than the designed depth.

(6) And (4) cleaning an anchor rod hole. After the drilling reaches the designed depth, the drilling can not be stopped immediately, the stable drilling is required for 1-2 minutes, and the hole bottom is prevented from being sharp and extinguishing and the designed hole diameter can not be reached. If the design requires to treat the accumulated water in the anchor hole, the method of grouting, plugging, secondary drilling and the like is generally adopted for treatment.

(7) And (5) inspecting the anchor rod hole. After the anchor rod hole is drilled, the next procedure can be carried out after the anchor rod hole is qualified through field supervision and inspection. The hole diameter and the hole depth are generally inspected under the condition that the designed hole diameter, the drill bit and a standard drill rod are used for inspecting the hole under the site supervision and other stations, the drill bit is required to be smoothly pushed in the hole inspection process, impact or shaking is not generated, the inspection length of the drilling tool meets the designed hole depth of the anchor rod, the drill withdrawal requirement is smooth, and the phenomena of dust and slag splashing and water are not obviously detected by blowing high-pressure air. Meanwhile, the hole position, the inclination angle and the direction of the anchor hole are required to be rechecked, and after all anchor hole construction items are qualified, the anchor hole drilling inspection is qualified.

(8) And manufacturing and installing an anchor rod body. The diameter of a drilled hole is 110mm, the bolt body of the anchor bolt is made of threaded steel bars with the diameter of phi 28mm, and a group of steel bar positioners are arranged every 2.0m along the axial direction of the anchor bolt. The corrosion prevention of the anchor bar tail end is treated by adopting corrosion prevention measures such as paint brushing, oil coating and the like.

(9) And (6) anchoring and grouting. The slurry adopts M30 cement mortar, the grouting operation is started from the bottom of the hole, the grouting pressure is controlled at 0.4MPa, the actual grouting amount is generally larger than the theoretical grouting amount, or the standard that the air is not exhausted from the hole and the thick slurry overflows from the hole is taken as the grouting end. And after grouting, cleaning the grouting pipe, the grouting gun and the grouting sleeve, and simultaneously making a grouting record.

(10) And (5) carrying out an anchor rod anti-pulling test. Before construction, an anchor rod uplift test is carried out, and the uplift force of the anchor rod is not less than 90 KN.

2. Frame beam and foundation construction method

(1) The frame beam and foundation construction process flow comprises the following steps: construction preparation → measurement lofting and slope finishing → slope grooving → foundation construction → reinforcement → formwork → concrete casting → maintenance.

(2) And (5) preparing for construction. Completing the three-way construction on the construction site, and entering a working surface and other construction auxiliary roads to be constructed; all the steel bars and the sandstone materials are tested and sampled to be qualified; each construction machine enters the field and meets the construction production requirements; each worker enters the field and carries out technical return training; technical personnel, management personnel and other personnel are in place according to engineering requirements and engineering division.

(3) And (6) measuring lofting and trimming slope. After the foundation concrete reaches the design strength, slope trimming is carried out, slope cutting is carried out manually after line hanging is measured, the slope compactness is guaranteed to meet the design requirement, slope control is carried out through a slope ruler, and the control of the forming slope ratio is guaranteed to be 1: and (5) 0.5-1: 0.75, and then measuring and releasing the positions of the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams of the frame and the construction starting range.

(4) And grooving the slope surface. And accurately excavating the outline of a single beam rib according to the sizes of the vertical beams and the transverse beams of the frame and the thickness of the template, embedding the frame into the slope surface for 20cm, excavating manually, and adjusting the overexcavation part to the designed slope surface by adopting C25 concrete.

(5) And (5) constructing a foundation. The excavation of the slope toe foundation is carried out in sections, manual matching with mechanical excavation and mechanical excavation are carried out, then 10cm of manual bottom cleaning is reserved at the bottom, disturbance of undisturbed soil at the bottom is avoided, and the bearing capacity of the foundation is not less than 80 KPa. And C30 concrete is poured and collected after the template and the embedded steel bars are qualified through inspection, and a vibrating rod is selected for vibrating and compacting during construction.

(6) And (6) binding the steel bars. Firstly, constructing vertical beams, reserving cross beam reinforcing steel bars at joints, and constructing cross beams after the vertical beams are formed. Secondly, before the frame steel bars are arranged in the construction process, the floating slag at the bottom of the frame foundation is removed, the foundation is guaranteed to be compact, and a layer 1 is laid at the bottom: 3, cement mortar cushion layer.

(7) And (5) erecting the template. Firstly, the templates are assembled according to the design size. Secondly, a release agent is brushed on the surface of the template, the template assembling needs to be smooth and compact, the clearance size is accurate, and the template meets the design requirements and is beautiful. Thirdly, the scaffold steel rod is used for supporting and fixing the template, and the bottom of the template is in close contact with the foundation so as to prevent slurry from flowing and expanding the template. Checking the quality of the vertical mold and making original quality inspection records.

(8) And (5) pouring concrete. The frame is poured by C30 concrete, an expansion joint is arranged at each 10-15m of the beam, the width of the expansion joint is 2cm, and the expansion joint is filled with asphalt floc. Firstly, the section size of the frame is checked before pouring, and the quantity and arrangement condition of the reinforcing steel bars are strictly checked. Secondly, the protective layer of the main rib of the frame must meet the design requirement, the minimum can not be less than 50mm, the net protective layer of the stirrup can not be less than 35mm, and the net protective layer of the main rib can not be less than 40 mm. And thirdly, the steel bars are suitable to be made into an integral long framework, and the manufacture, the lap joint and the installation of the framework meet the requirements of design and technical specifications. Fourthly, pouring the frame concrete must be continuously operated, and pouring and vibrating are carried out simultaneously. If concrete slides during pouring, quick-setting or early-strengthening concrete can be adopted or the concrete can be pressed by a cover die. The concrete of each vertical beam should be poured uninterruptedly, and if the pouring is interrupted for any reason, the joints are processed in a conventional manner. The anchor rod frame construction is a process of closely matching anchor rod and concrete frame. The relative position of the anchor rod and the frame is more important than the absolute position of the anchor rod and the frame, and accurate measurement and accurate positioning are necessary. Sixthly, when pouring the frame concrete, preparing a group of concrete test pieces from the lower part to the upper part respectively, and performing a test.

(9) And (5) maintaining. And (5) watering and covering the plastic film for curing.

3. Construction method for paving hexagonal blocks and backfilling planting soil

The construction sequence is as follows: leveling slope → paving hollow hexagonal block → hilling → planting grass. Level domatic according to the design gradient rate earlier, then pave six arris bricks, six pave should adopt and sit the thick liquid method to flush with the frame roof beam surface, hollow six arris bricks are prefabricated according to the monoblock, when the inside residual space of stock frame roof beam is not enough to put monoblock six arris bricks, put half six arris bricks. And the rest spaces which are not enough for placing the half hexagonal bricks are coated with mortar. Finally, earthing up and planting grass (sowing grass seeds) in the hexagonal blocks.

4. Construction method of platform intercepting ditch

The platform intercepting ditch adopts a prefabricated C25 concrete semicircular pipe with the flat diameter of 50cm, C25 concrete with the thickness of 10cm is poured on the platform, a lead wire mesh sheet is embedded, impermeable geotextile is paved at the bottom to prevent rainwater on the top of the slope from permeating into the slope, an expansion joint is arranged at 10-20m of the platform intercepting ditch, the width of the expansion joint is 2cm, and asphalt floc is adopted for filling.

Construction preparation → trench excavation → geotextile construction → semicircular reinforced concrete pipe installation → lead wire mesh laying → platform casting → expansion joint arrangement.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but rather, any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a loess negative slope reinforced structure, includes the bank protection and sets up the platform basis in the bank protection bottom, its characterized in that: the slope protection is gone up the pergola and is provided with a plurality of slots, be provided with crossbeam and longeron in the slot, the top of longeron is provided with the back timber, crossbeam and longeron are fixed on the slope protection through a plurality of stock respectively, crossbeam and longeron form the net, and are provided with the grass planting subassembly in the net, be provided with prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth on the platform basis, be provided with concrete layer on the prevention of seepage geotechnological cloth, be provided with the lead wire net piece in the concrete layer, be provided with the recess on the concrete layer, install the intercepting ditch in the recess, the top edge of intercepting ditch flushes with concrete layer's surface.

2. The loess hillside reinforcing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the beam, the longitudinal beam, the top beam and the intercepting ditch are all formed by cast-in-place construction, an expansion joint is arranged at the beam every 10-15m, an expansion joint is arranged at the intercepting ditch every 10-20m, the width of the expansion joint is 2cm, and the expansion joint is filled with asphalt floc.

3. The loess hillside reinforcing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the grass planting assembly is mainly composed of a plurality of hollow hexagonal bricks and grass planting soil arranged on the hollow hexagonal bricks, the hollow hexagonal bricks are uniformly laid in grids, and the top surfaces of the hollow hexagonal bricks are flush with the surfaces of the cross beams and the longitudinal beams.

4. The loess hillside reinforcing structure according to claim 1, wherein: the depth of the beam and the longitudinal beam embedded into the groove is 20cm, and the distance between the beam and the longitudinal beam is 3.5 m.

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