CN215757184U

CN215757184U - Biomass gasification furnace and catalytic decoking mechanism thereof

Info

Publication number: CN215757184U
Application number: CN202121644040.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 楼宇; 胡锐; 王宁; 王云意; 林栓
Original assignee: Hangzhou Runpaq Energy Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Runpaq Energy Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-19
Filing date: 2021-07-19
Publication date: 2022-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass gasification furnace and a catalytic decoking mechanism thereof, which comprise a furnace body provided with a fuel gas outlet pipe, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the furnace body along the circumferential direction of the furnace body, a guide channel for guiding fuel gas into the fuel gas outlet pipe is formed by the partition plate and the inner wall of the furnace body, the guide channel is annular, the upper end of the guide channel is sealed, the guide channel is communicated with the fuel gas outlet pipe, and a catalytic decoking part is arranged in the guide channel. When the gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe through the catalytic decoking piece, the gas is subjected to catalytic filtration, so that the tar content is reduced, the probability of blocking the pipeline due to tar condensation in the follow-up process is reduced, and the equipment detection period is prolonged. Specifically, the baffle and the tar cracking catalyst increase the resistance of the fuel gas flowing from the furnace body to the fuel gas outlet pipe, so that the fuel gas stays in the sub-cavity for a longer time, the catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in a high-temperature section for a longer time, and the tar content in the fuel gas is effectively reduced.

Description

Biomass gasification furnace and catalytic decoking mechanism thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a biomass gasification furnace boiler, in particular to a biomass gasification furnace and a catalytic decoking mechanism thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of economy in China, the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution become more severe, and people are eagerly seeking new renewable energy sources. The biomass fuel belongs to renewable resources, and biomass can be listed as the 4 th position next to coal, petroleum and natural gas in terms of energy equivalent.

The biomass energy resources of China are extremely rich, and the annual output is converted into the standard petroleum equivalent which exceeds 8 hundred million tons. The total energy exceeds 30EJ (E-1018). With the development of agriculture and forestry in China, particularly with the development and popularization of fast-growing carbon salaries, biomass resources in China will be more and more, and the method has great development and utilization potential. The biomass fuel is utilized for gasification power generation, agricultural wastes can be fully utilized, an advanced biomass power generation technology is combined with Chinese environment protection, the local employment and the income of the people economy are increased, the local economic development is promoted, the ecological environment is protected, the method conforms to the policy of building a resource-saving society and realizing circular economy in China, and is a cause of benefiting the nation and the people. Of course, in addition to power generation, biomass gasification can be used in combination with boilers to provide industrial steam and heat, and many other applications exist.

At present, one of the main problems of the fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace in China is that the tar content in the fuel gas is high, and the pipeline is easy to block in the fuel gas conveying process, so that the subsequent combustion equipment is damaged.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a biomass gasification furnace, which can reduce the probability of pipeline blockage caused by high tar content in fuel gas.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

a biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body provided with a fuel gas outlet pipe, a division plate is arranged in the furnace body along the circumferential direction of the furnace body, the division plate and the inner wall of the furnace body form a guide channel for guiding the fuel gas into the fuel gas outlet pipe, the guide channel is annular, the upper end of the guide channel is arranged in a closed manner, the diversion channel is communicated with a fuel gas outlet pipe, a catalytic decoking part is arranged in the diversion channel, the fuel gas outlet pipe is positioned above the catalytic decoking part, the catalytic decoking piece includes the mounting panel of butt water conservancy diversion passageway outer lane inner wall and along a plurality of baffles of vertical direction interval fixed connection on the mounting panel, division board and adjacent two form sub-chamber between the baffle, at least one sub-intracavity intussuseption is filled with tar cracking catalyst, has seted up on at least one baffle under the thick first circular cone hole of thickness, has seted up under the thick thin second circular cone hole of thickness on at least one baffle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the gas discharged from the gas outlet duct through catalytic decoking spare again, the gas was filtered through one, has reduced the tar content that wherein contains, has also reduced follow-up because of the probability that tar condenses the jam pipeline, extension equipment detection cycle. Specifically, first circular cone hole can play and block the probability that large granule dust enters into the son and say, plays once filterable effect. And the second conical hole can be stayed the large granule dust in the subchamber, plays the effect of secondary filter, makes the gas purer. Meanwhile, the baffle and the tar cracking catalyst increase the resistance of the fuel gas flowing from the inside of the furnace body to the fuel gas outlet pipe, so that the fuel gas stays in the sub-cavity for a longer time, the catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in a high-temperature section for a longer time and more fully, and the tar content in the fuel gas is effectively reduced.

The utility model is further provided with: the partition board provided with the first conical hole and the partition board provided with the second conical hole are arranged in a staggered mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to the required route that passes through of gas through catalytic decoking spare has been prolonged, makes it longer at the interior dwell time of sub-chamber, and the time of catalytic cracking reaction is longer more abundant at the high temperature section, effectively reduces the tar content in the gas.

The utility model is further provided with: the first conical holes and the second conical holes in the adjacent partition plates are distributed in a staggered mode in the vertical direction.

The utility model is further provided with: the temperature of the catalytic decoking element at the diversion channel is 800-1000 ℃.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to ensure that catalytic decoking spare is located the place that high temperature section catalytic cracking reaction efficiency is the highest, make it have better decoking effect.

The utility model is further provided with: be equipped with the deashing door on the furnace body outer wall, every the deashing mouth that corresponds with the deashing door has all been seted up on the mounting panel that the son chamber corresponds, be equipped with the inner door that is used for sealing the deashing mouth on the deashing mouth.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after using a period, can open deashing door and internal door, clear up the dust in the subchamber or change inside tar cracking catalyst through the deashing mouth, the device keeps good work efficiency in fact.

The utility model is further provided with: the ash removal door is provided with a plurality of doors along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the furnace body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to can be more convenient swift maintain and clean the inside of subchamber.

The utility model is further provided with: and the ash removal door is provided with a purging pipe for supplying compressed gas into the furnace body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the gasifier blowing-out stage of suppressing sparks, the accessible sweeps the pipe and lets in comparatively safe gas such as compressed nitrogen gas in to the sub-chamber to accomplish sweeping to the sub-chamber, reduce the frequency that the interior door need be opened and carry out clean maintenance in the sub-chamber.

The utility model is further provided with: and two pressure transmitters for detecting pressure are arranged on the furnace body, and sampling points of the two pressure transmitters are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the catalytic decoking piece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, judge the jam condition of catalysis decoking spare according to the pressure value that detects of two pressure transmitter to timely maintain the clearance to catalysis decoking spare, prevent because the operation of catalysis decoking spare inside deposition influence gasifier system.

The utility model is further provided with: the catalytic decoking piece is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramic, and when the catalytic decoking piece is made of heat-resistant steel, the catalytic decoking piece is welded and fixed on the furnace body; when the catalytic decoking piece is made of ceramics, a placing frame for placing the catalytic decoking piece is fixedly arranged in the furnace body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the device is suitable for catalytic decoking pieces made of various materials, namely catalytic decoking pieces made of different materials can be selected according to specific conditions, so that the catalytic decoking pieces can be better compounded with various working conditions.

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a catalytic decoking mechanism which can reduce the tar content in fuel gas.

a catalytic decoking mechanism comprises a catalytic decoking member.

The utility model has the following advantages: 1. the tar content in the fuel gas is reduced, the probability of blocking a pipeline due to subsequent tar condensation is reduced, and the frequency of damage to subsequent combustion equipment is reduced; 2. the catalytic decoking part can be conveniently cleaned and maintained; 3. the gas stays in the sub-cavity for a longer time and stays in the most efficient temperature section of the catalytic cracking reaction, so that the gas has a better tar removal effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the catalytic decoking element of example 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the catalytic decoking element of example 5.

Reference numerals: 1. a furnace body; 2. a gas outlet pipe; 3. a partition plate; 4. a flow guide channel; 5. a catalytic decoking element; 6. Mounting a plate; 7. a partition plate; 8. a sub-cavity; 9. a tar cracking catalyst; 10. a first conical bore; 11. a second conical bore; 12. A dust removal door; 13. cleaning the ash hole; 14. an inner door; 15. a purge tube; 16. a pressure transmitter; 17. a temperature detector; 18. An online sampling tube seat; 19. a force applying handle; 20. a steam nozzle; 21. and (4) a spray head.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 1 provided with a gas outlet pipe 2, and a plurality of gas outlet pipes 2 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is internally provided with a partition plate 3 along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 1, the partition plate 3 is arranged in an annular shape, and the lower end of the partition plate 3 is arranged in a necking shape. The division plate 3 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 form a flow guide channel 4 for guiding the fuel gas into the fuel gas outlet pipe 2. The diversion channel 4 is annular, the upper end of the diversion channel is sealed, and the diversion channel 4 is communicated with the gas outlet pipe 2. A catalytic decoking part 5 is arranged in the flow guide channel 4, and the fuel gas outlet pipe 2 is positioned above the catalytic decoking part 5. The temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the flow guide channel 4 is 800-850 ℃.

When the gas was discharged from gas outlet pipe 2 again through catalytic decoking spare 5, the gas filtered through catalytic decoking spare 5, had reduced the tar volume that wherein contains, had reduced the probability that follow-up should tar condense the jam pipeline, had reduced the number of times that follow-up combustion apparatus consequently damaged simultaneously. And the temperature of 800-.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the catalytic decoking part 5 comprises a mounting plate 6 abutted to the inner wall of the outer ring of the diversion channel 4 and three partition plates 7 fixedly connected to the mounting plate 6 at intervals in the vertical direction, a sub-chamber 8 is formed between the mounting plate 6, the partition plate 3 and two adjacent partition plates 7, and a tar cracking catalyst 9 is filled in the sub-chamber 8. The middle partition plate 7 is provided with a first conical hole 10 which is thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and the two partition plates 7 at the top and the bottom are provided with second conical holes 11 which are thick at the top and thin at the bottom. The first conical hole 10 and the second conical hole 11 are distributed in a staggered manner along the vertical direction.

The first conical hole 10 can block the probability that large-particle dust enters the sub-cavity 8, and plays a role in primary filtration. And the second conical hole 11 can stay the large granule dust in sub-chamber 8, plays secondary filter's effect, makes the gas purer. Meanwhile, the baffle 7 and the tar cracking catalyst 9 both increase the resistance of the fuel gas flowing from the furnace body 1 to the fuel gas outlet pipe 2, so that the fuel gas stays in the sub-cavity 8 for a longer time, the catalytic cracking reaction is carried out at a high-temperature section for a longer time, and the tar content in the fuel gas is effectively reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the catalytic coke discharging member 5 is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramic, and when the catalytic coke discharging member 5 is made of heat-resistant steel, the catalytic coke discharging member 5 is welded and fixed to the furnace body 1. When the catalytic decoking piece 5 is made of ceramics, a placing frame for placing the catalytic decoking piece 5 is fixedly arranged in the furnace body 1, and the catalytic decoking piece 5 can be directly placed on the placing frame or can be fixed by a bolt.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an ash removing door 12 is provided on the outer wall of the furnace body 1 in order to facilitate cleaning and maintenance of the catalytic coke-removing member 5. The ash removing door 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, one end of the ash removing door is communicated with the furnace body 1, and the other end of the ash removing door is sealed and fixed through a flange. Four ash removing doors 12 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the furnace body 1. An ash removing opening 13 corresponding to the ash removing door 12 is arranged on the mounting plate 6 corresponding to each sub-cavity 8. An inner door 14 for closing the dust removing opening 13 is connected on the mounting plate 6 in a sliding way, and a force application handle 19 which is convenient for applying force to the inner door 14 is arranged at the free end of the inner door 14.

When the catalytic coke removing part 5 needs cleaning maintenance, the ash cleaning door 12 and the inner door 14 can be opened, and the catalytic coke removing part 5 can be cleaned and maintained through the ash cleaning opening 13. Meanwhile, a purge pipe 15 for supplying compressed gas into the furnace body 1 is installed on the dust door 12. In the gasifier blowing-out and fire-fighting stage, comparatively safe gases such as compressed nitrogen are introduced into the sub-cavity 8 through the purging pipe 15, so that the purging of the sub-cavity 8 is completed, and the frequency of cleaning and maintaining the sub-cavity 8 by opening the inner door 14 is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in order to know whether the catalytic coke removing part 5 is blocked in time and needs to be cleaned, two pressure transmitters 16 for detecting pressure are arranged on the furnace body 1, and sampling points of the two pressure transmitters 16 are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of the catalytic coke removing part 5. The blocking condition of the catalytic decoking piece 5 is judged according to the detected pressure values of the two pressure transmitters 16, so that the catalytic decoking piece 5 is maintained and cleaned in time. Preventing the use of the apparatus from being affected by the catalytic decoking element 5.

In order to monitor and feed back the state of the material layer and the like in the furnace body 1 and the decoking effect, a temperature detector 17 and an online sampling tube seat 18 in the furnace body 1 are arranged in the furnace body 1. The connecting line of the online sampling tube seat 18 is connected with an infrared gas analyzer, so that the temperature field of the biological cracking and the generated gas components can be monitored in real time.

Example 2:

the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the diversion channel 4 is 850-900 ℃.

Example 3:

the difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that the temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the diversion channel 4 is 900-950 ℃.

Example 4:

the difference between the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 1 is that the temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the diversion channel 4 is 950 ℃ and 1000 ℃.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 4, the difference between the embodiment 5 and the embodiment 1 is that an annular steam nozzle 20 is provided outside the mounting plate 6, and the steam nozzle 20 is sleeved outside the mounting plate 6 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 1. A plurality of spray heads 21 are arranged on the steam spray pipe 20 at intervals. The shower head 21 faces the partition 7. An air supply pipe for supplying steam to the steam nozzle 20 is communicated with the steam nozzle 20.

When in use, water vapor is sprayed to the catalytic decoking piece through the spray head every 24 hours or when in shutdown maintenance, and the treatment time is controlled to be 10-30 mins. The catalytic decoking piece is cleaned regularly through the water vapor, tar on the inner wall of the catalytic decoking piece is removed, and the catalyst is activated, so that the tar in the fuel gas can be removed better in the using process, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.

Comparative example 1:

comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that no catalytic decoking element is provided.

Comparative example 2:

the difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 1 is that the temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the diversion channel 4 is 600 ℃ and 700 ℃.

Comparative example 3:

the difference between the comparative example 3 and the example 1 is that the temperature of the catalytic decoking element 5 at the flow guide channel 4 is 1200-1300 ℃.

Test 1: decoking rate

As test samples, examples 1 to 5 were selected as test samples, and comparative examples 1 to 3 were selected as control samples 1 to 3.

The test method comprises the following steps:

3 kinds of different biomass raw materials ABC are selected. 8 parts of each biomass raw material are prepared and are averagely divided into 8 groups, and the labeled test substances are a1-a8 groups, b1-b8 groups and c1-c8 groups. The groups a1-a5, b1-b5 and c1-c5 correspond to the test samples 1-5, while the groups a6-a8, b6-b8 and c6-c8 correspond to the control samples 1-3 respectively.

And putting the tested object into a gasification furnace corresponding to expiration, and reacting the tested object to form fuel gas. After the reaction time exceeded 1h, the tar content in the discharged gas of examples 1-5 and control samples 1-3 was measured using the method for measuring the tar and dust content in city gas of GB 12208-. The decoking rate can be calculated by the amount of tar in the discharged gas and the amount of tar in the gas in the furnace. And simultaneously detecting the tar amount in the discharged fuel gas every half month to judge the deactivation time of the catalytic decoking component.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the utility model may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the utility model, and are considered to be within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification furnace is characterized in that: comprises a furnace body (1) provided with a gas outlet pipe (2), wherein a splitter plate (3) is arranged in the furnace body (1) along the circumferential direction of the furnace body (1), the splitter plate (3) and the inner wall of the furnace body (1) form a diversion channel (4) for guiding gas into the gas outlet pipe (2), the diversion channel (4) is annular, the upper end of the diversion channel is sealed, the diversion channel (4) is communicated with the gas outlet pipe (2), a catalytic decoking part (5) is arranged in the diversion channel (4), the gas outlet pipe (2) is positioned above the catalytic decoking part (5), the catalytic decoking part (5) comprises a mounting plate (6) abutted to the inner wall of the outer ring of the diversion channel (4) and a plurality of partition plates (7) fixedly connected to the mounting plate (6) along the vertical direction at intervals, the mounting plate (6), the splitter plate (3) and two adjacent partition plates (7) form a sub-cavity (8), at least one sub-cavity (8) is filled with a tar cracking catalyst (9), at least one partition plate (7) is provided with a first conical hole (10) which is thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and at least one partition plate (7) is provided with a second conical hole (11) which is thick at the top and thin at the bottom.

2. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the partition plate (7) provided with the first conical hole (10) and the partition plate (7) provided with the second conical hole (11) are arranged in a staggered interval.

3. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 2, wherein: the first conical holes (10) and the second conical holes (11) on the adjacent partition plates (7) are distributed in a staggered mode along the vertical direction.

4. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the catalytic decoking component (5) at the diversion channel (4) is 800 ℃ and 1000 ℃.

5. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with deashing door (12) on furnace body (1) outer wall, every deashing mouth (13) that correspond with deashing door (12) are all seted up on mounting panel (6) that sub chamber (8) correspond, be equipped with interior door (14) that are used for sealing deashing mouth (13) on deashing mouth (13).

6. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the ash removing door (12) is provided with a plurality of doors along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the furnace body (1).

7. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein: and a purging pipe (15) for supplying compressed gas into the furnace body (1) is arranged on the ash removal door (12).

8. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body (1) is provided with two pressure transmitters (16) for detecting pressure, and sampling points of the two pressure transmitters (16) are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the catalytic decoking piece (5).

9. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the catalytic decoking piece (5) is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramic, and when the catalytic decoking piece (5) is made of heat-resistant steel, the catalytic decoking piece (5) is welded and fixed on the furnace body (1); when the catalytic decoking piece (5) is made of ceramics, a placing rack for placing the catalytic decoking piece (5) is fixedly arranged in the furnace body (1).

10. A catalytic decoking mechanism is characterized in that: comprising a catalytic decoking element (5) in a biomass gasifier according to any of claims 1 to 9.