CN215453940U - Fertilizer hole application mechanism for root zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fertilizer hole-application mechanism for a root zone, which comprises a fertilizer box, an outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device, a first fertilizer supplying pipe, a second fertilizer supplying pipe, an intermittent hole fertilizer discharging device and a furrow opener, wherein the fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet; the upper end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is communicated with a fertilizer box, and the lower end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is respectively and symmetrically provided with a first fertilizer supplying pipe and a second fertilizer supplying pipe; the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe is communicated with the furrow opener; the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe is connected with an intermittent hole fertilizer distributor; the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor comprises a fertilizer inlet, a fertilizer hole application mechanism shell, a fertilizer distributing wheel, an active driving wheel and a passive driving wheel. The fertilizer hole application mechanism in the root zone enables the diffusion range of fertilizer nutrients to be optimally matched with the dynamic range of root system extension, reduces the application amount of the fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer nutrients and further realizes the effects of weight reduction and synergism.

Description

Fertilizer hole application mechanism for root zone

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fertilizer hole application mechanism in a root zone.

Background

With the continuous development of society, agriculture is rapidly developed. In the agricultural process, fertilization operations are frequently required. Fertilization is an important link in the crop planting process and is an effective way for improving soil fertility and crop yield. The fertilization modes can be divided into base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, additional fertilizer and the like according to different fertilization periods. The base fertilizer is applied before sowing, and has the main functions of fertilizing soil fertility, improving soil and providing nutrients for early growth of plants, and the applied fertilizer is generally an organic fertilizer. The seed fertilizer is applied to seeds or near seedlings during sowing or field planting, good nutritional conditions are created for the growth of the seedlings, and due to the fact that population aging is increased and intertillage fertilization (topdressing) difficulty is high, most field crops such as corn, wheat, rice and the like generally apply the fertilizer required by the crops in the whole growth period to soil at one time during sowing, and therefore the seed fertilizer has an important effect on the growth of the crops.

According to statistics of agriculture department, the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer is only 33%, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is 24% and the utilization rate of potash fertilizer is 42%, and a considerable part of fertilizer is lost in the forms of leaching loss, mass flow volatilization and the like, so that serious nutrient, economic loss, non-point source pollution and the like are caused. The specific application method of the granular fertilizer comprises broadcast application, strip application, hole application and the like, wherein the broadcast application is favorable for the diffusion of nutrients, the application is convenient, but the nutrient loss is large, and the utilization rate is lower. The nutrient loss of the strip application and the hole application is less, the utilization rate is high, the root zone fertilization is realized to different degrees due to the strip application and the hole application, the proportion of most of crop rhizosphere soil to the total volume of farmland soil is lower, and the nutrients absorbed by root systems mainly come from soil bodies around the rhizosphere. Research shows that the disposable root zone hole fertilizer is beneficial to the concentration of nutrients in a soil plough layer, improves the nutrient utilization efficiency and promotes the accumulation of dry matters and the improvement of yield of crops. The nitrification of the ammonium nitrogen under the condition of fertilizer hole application is inhibited by high-concentration nutrients at the fertilizer, so that the conversion of the ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is delayed, and the method is an important reason for continuously and efficiently supplying the nitrogen fertilizer in the primary fertilization technology of the root zone. The data show that the yield of the plants subjected to hole application among the plants can be increased by 3.70 percent compared with the plants subjected to strip application, the biomass of the overground part can be increased by 3.56 percent, and the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients can be obviously increased by 11.24 percent and 19.44 percent.

Therefore, hole fertilization in the root zone is an effective fertilization mode for realizing efficient utilization of fertilizer nutrients. Because of the lack of reliable and stable root zone hole fertilization machinery, the root zone hole fertilization agricultural technology is slowly popularized and applied in China, and the further improvement of the per unit yield of grains in China is restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is as follows: in order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, a fertilizer hole application mechanism in a root zone is provided, so that the diffusion range of fertilizer nutrients and the dynamic range of root system extension are optimally matched, the application amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer nutrients is improved, so that the effects of weight reduction and efficiency improvement are realized, and the fertilizer hole application mechanism is convenient to widely popularize and use.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: a fertilizer hole-application mechanism for a root zone comprises a fertilizer box, an outer grooved pulley fertilizer discharging and supplying device, a first fertilizer supplying pipe, a second fertilizer supplying pipe, an intermittent hole fertilizer discharging device and a furrow opener; the upper end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is communicated with a fertilizer box, and the lower end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is respectively and symmetrically provided with a first fertilizer supplying pipe and a second fertilizer supplying pipe; the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe is communicated with the furrow opener; the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe is connected with an intermittent hole fertilizer distributor; the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor comprises a fertilizer inlet, a fertilizer hole application mechanism shell, a fertilizer distributing wheel, an active driving wheel and a passive driving wheel; the fertilizer inlet is connected with the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe; the shell of the fertilizer hole-applying mechanism is fixedly arranged on a frame of the seeder or the fertilizer applicator; the middle part of the fertilizer discharging wheel is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the middle part of the driving wheel is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the driven driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer discharging wheel.

Further, in the above technical solution, the driving wheel includes a cylindrical pin, a driving stopping arc, and a connecting plate; the middle part of the connecting plate is fixedly provided with an active locking arc which is of an outward convex arc structure; the cylindrical pin is vertically and fixedly arranged at the edge of one side of the connecting plate; the cylindrical pin is arranged opposite to the active stop arc.

Further, in the above technical solution, the passive driving wheel includes a passive stopping arc, a passive driving groove, and a rotating plate; the passive locking arc is of an inwards concave arc structure; the passive locking arcs are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate; and passive driving grooves are formed in the rotating plate between the passive locking arcs and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate.

Further, in the above technical solution, the active driving wheel and the passive driving wheel realize intermittent transmission matching in the matching rotation process.

Further, in the above technical solution, the fertilizer discharging wheel includes a side plate, a bearing hole and a fertilizer separating plate; the side plates are arranged in parallel relatively, the side plates are vertically and fixedly connected through a fertilizer separating plate, and the bearing hole is fixedly formed in the middle of each side plate; the fertilizer separation plates are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the side plates.

Further, in the above technical solution, the furrow opener includes a furrow opener body, a shovel tip is arranged at the front end of the furrow opener body, a fertilizer guide pipe is obliquely arranged at the back of the shovel tip, and the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe is connected with the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe; the back of the fertilizer guide pipe is fixedly provided with a soil returning wing plate which extends to the lower end of the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the fertilizer hole application mechanism for the root zone, provided by the utility model, the diffusion range of fertilizer nutrients and the dynamic range of root system extension are optimally matched, the application amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer nutrients is improved, so that the effects of weight reduction and efficiency improvement are realized, and the fertilizer hole application mechanism is convenient to widely popularize and use.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the intermittent hole fertilizer apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the active drive wheel and the passive drive wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the wheel for fertilizing in accordance with the present invention.

The reference numbers in the drawings are: 1. the fertilizer box, 2, outer sheave fertilizer discharging and supplying device, 3, a first fertilizer supplying pipe, 4, a second fertilizer supplying pipe, 5, an intermittent hole fertilizer discharging device, 6, a furrow opener, 7, a fertilizer inlet, 8, a fertilizer hole applying mechanism shell, 9, a fertilizer discharging wheel, 10, an active driving wheel, 11, a passive driving wheel, 12, a cylindrical pin, 13, an active locking arc, 14, a connecting plate, 15, a passive locking arc, 16, a passive driving groove, 17, a rotating plate, 18, a side plate, 19, a bearing hole, 20, a fertilizer separating plate, 21, a furrow opener body, 22, a shovel tip, 23, a fertilizer guiding pipe, 24 and a soil returning wing plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

In fig. 1, H represents the depth of the soil return wing plate 24; l represents the depth of the opening of the furrow opener 6 by means of the cutting edge 22.

In the application, in order to make the soil backflow form the shallow trench with stable depth, the length of the soil returning wing plate 24 needs to be long enough, and meanwhile, the length of the soil returning wing plate is 30-50 cm considering that the material is saved, and the influence of long-term compaction of the soil returning wing plate 24 on the soil trench on soil returning and pressing of the late-stage fertilizer trench is avoided. The furrow opener 6 is directly mounted and used after being purchased from the market according to specific models.

Referring to fig. 3, the number of the cylindrical pins 12 can be set to 1 or 2, and the number of the passive driving grooves 16 can be set to 3-9 to meet different operation speed requirements.

Shown in fig. 1-4, is a fertilizer hole-application mechanism for a root zone, comprising a fertilizer box 1, an outer sheave fertilizer discharging and supplying device 2, a first fertilizer supplying pipe 3, a second fertilizer supplying pipe 4, an intermittent hole fertilizer discharging device 5 and a furrow opener 6; the upper end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device 2 is communicated with a fertilizer box 1, and the lower end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device 2 is respectively and symmetrically provided with a first fertilizer supplying pipe 3 and a second fertilizer supplying pipe 4; the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe 3 is communicated with a furrow opener 6; the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe 4 is connected with an intermittent hole fertilizer apparatus 5; the intermittent hole fertilizer apparatus 5 comprises a fertilizer inlet 7, a fertilizer hole application mechanism shell 8, a fertilizer discharging wheel 9, an active driving wheel 10 and a passive driving wheel 11; the fertilizer inlet 7 is connected with the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe 4; the fertilizer hole application mechanism shell 8 is fixedly arranged on a frame of the seeder or the fertilizer applicator; the middle part of the fertilizer discharging wheel 9 is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the shell 8 of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the middle part of the driving wheel 10 is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell 8 of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the driven driving wheel 11 is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer discharging wheel 9.

The driving wheel 10 comprises a cylindrical pin 12, a driving stop arc 13 and a connecting plate 14; the middle part of the connecting plate 14 is fixedly provided with an active locking arc 13, and the active locking arc 13 is of a convex arc structure; the cylindrical pin 12 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the edge of one side of the connecting plate 14; the cylindrical pin 12 is disposed opposite the active stop arc 13. The passive driving wheel 11 comprises a passive stopping arc 15, a passive driving groove 16 and a rotating plate 17; the passive locking arc 15 is of a concave arc structure; the passive locking arcs 15 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate 17; and passive driving grooves 16 are formed in the rotating plate 17 between the passive stopping arcs 15, and the passive driving grooves 16 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate 17. The driving wheel 10 and the driven driving wheel 11 realize intermittent transmission matching in the matching rotation process. The fertilizer discharging wheel 9 comprises a side plate 18, a bearing hole 19 and a fertilizer separating plate 20; the side plates 18 are arranged in parallel relatively, the side plates 18 are vertically and fixedly connected through a fertilizer separating plate 20, and a bearing hole 19 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the side plates 18; the fertilizer-separating plates 20 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the side plate 18. The furrow opener 6 comprises a furrow opener body 21, the front end of the furrow opener body 21 is provided with a shovel tip 22, the back of the shovel tip 22 is obliquely provided with a fertilizer guide pipe 23, and the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe 23 is connected with the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe 3; the back of the fertilizer guide pipe 23 is fixedly provided with a soil returning wing plate 24, and the soil returning wing plate 24 extends to the lower end of the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor 5.

The operating principle of the fertilizer hole application mechanism in the root zone is as follows:

firstly, the fertilizer hole-application mechanism of the root zone is arranged on a seeder or a fertilizer applicator, and a land wheel, a motor or a hydraulic motor drives an outer grooved wheel to discharge fertilizer and supply the fertilizer to the fertilizer hole-application mechanism to move. During operation, the furrow opener 6 breaks the soil by the shovel tip 22 to open a soil ditch with the depth of L (15-25 cm), the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 is continuously and uniformly discharged by the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device 2, the fertilizer respectively enters the fertilizer guide pipe 23 and the fertilizer hole application mechanism in the furrow opener 6 through the fertilizer supplying pipe, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer guide pipe 23 falls into a deep ditch with the depth of L, namely deep strip fertilization; the depth of the soil return wing plate 24 into the soil is H (7-12 cm), the soil flows back into the deep groove and forms a shallow groove with the depth of H again, the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor 5 intermittently discharges continuous and uniform fertilizer flow to realize fertilizer hole application, namely shallow hole application.

The working principle of the intermittent hole fertilizer apparatus 5 in the application is as follows: when the driving wheel 10 rotates, the cylindrical pin 12 enters the passive driving groove 16 and is in close contact with the passive driving groove 16, so that the driven driving wheel 11 is driven to rotate, when the cylindrical pin 12 comes out of the passive driving groove 16, the driving locking arc 13 and the passive locking arc 15 start to be in close contact, the driving wheel 10 can normally rotate, the driven driving wheel 11 is static, namely, when the driving wheel 10 rotates for one circle, the driven driving wheel 11 rotates for a certain angle, and after fertilizer particles enter the fertilizer discharging wheel 9 from the second fertilizer supply pipe 4, the fertilizer discharging wheel 9 intermittently discharges continuous fertilizer particle flow under the intermittent motion of the driven driving wheel 11, so that intermittent and high-speed fertilizer discharging is realized.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the utility model concepts of the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A root zone fertilizer hole application mechanism which characterized in that: comprises a fertilizer box, an outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device, a first fertilizer supplying pipe, a second fertilizer supplying pipe, an intermittent hole fertilizer discharging device and a furrow opener; the upper end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is communicated with a fertilizer box, and the lower end of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer discharging and supplying device is respectively and symmetrically provided with a first fertilizer supplying pipe and a second fertilizer supplying pipe; the lower end of the first fertilizer supply pipe is communicated with the furrow opener; the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe is connected with an intermittent hole fertilizer distributor; the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor comprises a fertilizer inlet, a fertilizer hole application mechanism shell, a fertilizer distributing wheel, an active driving wheel and a passive driving wheel; the fertilizer inlet is connected with the lower end of the second fertilizer supply pipe; the shell of the fertilizer hole-applying mechanism is fixedly arranged on a frame of the seeder or the fertilizer applicator; the middle part of the fertilizer discharging wheel is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the middle part of the driving wheel is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell of the fertilizer hole application mechanism; the driven driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer discharging wheel.

2. The hole fertilizer application mechanism for root zone of claim 1, wherein: the driving wheel comprises a cylindrical pin, a driving locking arc and a connecting plate; the middle part of the connecting plate is fixedly provided with an active locking arc which is of an outward convex arc structure; the cylindrical pin is vertically and fixedly arranged at the edge of one side of the connecting plate; the cylindrical pin is arranged opposite to the active stop arc.

3. The hole fertilizer application mechanism for root zone of claim 2, wherein: the passive driving wheel comprises a passive stopping arc, a passive driving groove and a rotating plate; the passive locking arc is of an inwards concave arc structure; the passive locking arcs are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate; and passive driving grooves are formed in the rotating plate between the passive locking arcs and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating plate.

4. The hole fertilizer application mechanism for root zone of claim 3, wherein: the driving wheel and the driven driving wheel realize intermittent transmission matching in the matching rotation process.

5. The hole fertilizer application mechanism for root zone of claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer discharging wheel comprises a side plate, a bearing hole and a fertilizer separating plate; the side plates are arranged in parallel relatively, the side plates are vertically and fixedly connected through a fertilizer separating plate, and the bearing hole is fixedly formed in the middle of each side plate; the fertilizer separation plates are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the side plates.

6. The hole fertilizer application mechanism for root zone of claim 1, wherein: the furrow opener comprises a furrow opener body, the front end of the furrow opener body is provided with a shovel tip, the back of the shovel tip is obliquely provided with a fertilizer guide pipe, and the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe is connected with the lower end of a first fertilizer supply pipe; the back of the fertilizer guide pipe is fixedly provided with a soil returning wing plate which extends to the lower end of the intermittent hole fertilizer distributor.

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