CN215440255U

CN215440255U - System for large-scale tail dish production environmental protection ferment and feedstuff

Info

Publication number: CN215440255U
Application number: CN202120402222.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王耀文; 董希云; 吴鹏飞; 王文剑; 王俊杰; 王丽娜; 董玉娇; 林威
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-02-23
Filing date: 2021-02-23
Publication date: 2022-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-23

Abstract

The utility model provides a system for producing environment-friendly ferment and feed raw materials by using large-scale tail vegetables, which comprises a crusher, juicing equipment, a grit chamber, an adjusting tank, a fermentation container and filling equipment, wherein a discharge hole of the crusher is connected with a feed inlet of the juicing equipment, a discharge hole of the juicing equipment is connected with a feed inlet of the grit chamber, a discharge hole of the grit chamber is connected with a feed inlet of the adjusting tank, a discharge hole of the adjusting tank is connected with a feed inlet of the fermentation container, and a discharge hole of the fermentation container is connected with a feed inlet of the filling equipment. Can digest a large amount of cabbage tails and produce a large amount of agricultural enzymes and feed raw materials, thereby reducing the production area and facilitating the more sufficient resource utilization and large-scale production of cabbage tails.

Description

System for large-scale tail dish production environmental protection ferment and feedstuff

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tail vegetable processing, and particularly relates to a system for producing an environment-friendly enzyme and feed raw materials by using large-scale tail vegetables.

Background

The tail vegetables are inedible vegetable scraps produced in the processes of vegetable production, transaction, processing and storage. The yield of the tail vegetables as agricultural wastes is remarkable, and about 6.9 hundred million tons of tail vegetables are produced in China every year. A large amount of tail vegetables are discarded at the field, river course and roadside, which causes serious environmental pollution. The water content of the tail vegetable is extremely high (about 90 percent), the heat value is extremely low, the tail vegetable cannot be used for garbage power generation, and only a landfill method is used, so that a large amount of garbage percolate is generated, and the environment is polluted. If the waste vegetables are collected and utilized, 960 million tons of biological ferment bacterial manure can be produced, and the fertilizer can meet the requirement of 10 million mu of crop fertilizer.

Patent CN111606439A discloses a method and a system for recycling waste vegetables, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly crushing the waste vegetables, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the crushed waste vegetables to obtain waste vegetable water and waste vegetable residues; screening the waste water by using a screen 1 to remove particles which are harmful to a reverse osmosis membrane greatly, treating the screened liquid by using VSEP (vacuum freeze treatment), treating the obtained clear liquid by using the reverse osmosis membrane 1, treating the clear liquid treated by using the reverse osmosis membrane 1 by using the reverse osmosis membrane 2 to obtain clear water, returning the concentrated water treated by using the reverse osmosis membrane 1 to VSEP (vacuum freeze treatment), and returning the concentrated water treated by using the reverse osmosis membrane 2 to reverse osmosis membrane 1 for treatment; uniformly mixing the waste vegetable residues obtained after solid-liquid separation and concentrated water treated by VSEP according to a predetermined proportion, and fermenting to obtain a liquid fertilizer matrix; and screening the liquid fertilizer matrix through a screen 2 with a corresponding aperture, and mixing the screened liquid with the added corresponding nutrient solution according to the corresponding liquid fertilizer production requirement to prepare the corresponding specific liquid fertilizer.

Patent CN111549078A discloses a tail vegetable ecological cycle treatment and utilization process, which comprises the following steps: collecting a large amount of vegetables produced in agriculture, and cleaning out foreign matters such as plastics, ironware, sawdust, soil blocks, stones, paper sheets, mud roots and the like mixed in the vegetables and rotten and deteriorated parts; putting a part of the selected clean tail vegetables into a net chain bubble cleaning machine to wash away soil in the tail vegetables; and crushing the cleaned cabbage tails into powdery or pasty materials with the particle size of less than 3cm by using a large hammer mill so as to enhance the fluidity of the cabbage tails. The process can rapidly treat a large amount of the waste vegetables, reduce the pollution to the environment, and the treated waste vegetables do not produce secondary pollution, one part of the waste vegetables are used for feed processing, the squeezed waste residues of the waste vegetables are used for producing solid organic fertilizers and are applied to farmlands, biogas slurry produced after fermentation of waste vegetable juice is used as an organic liquid fertilizer for farmland irrigation, the demand of the planting industry is met, meanwhile, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, the yield and the quality of crops are improved, and meanwhile, the process system produces biogas energy.

In the above patents, miscellaneous pre-stage treatments such as impurity removal and cleaning are required to be carried out on the vegetables, and the liquid output is biogas slurry. The pH value of the biogas slurry is 7.64, the biogas slurry is alkalescent, the contents of magnesium and iron are high, namely 0.17% and 25.39mg/L respectively, and the biogas slurry can be widely used for agricultural production, but the commercialization is difficult. Moreover, the fertilizer efficiency of the biogas slurry and the improvement of soil are far less than that of enzymes in the prevention and treatment of plant diseases and insect pests.

According to the traditional production process for producing the enzyme by using workshop-type tail vegetables, the tail vegetables are not subjected to juicing treatment, but are produced according to the following steps: sugar: the anaerobic fermentation is directly carried out according to the ratio of 3:1: 10. The method is simple, but the adding amount of water is too large, so that the content of effective substances of the ferment is low, the weight of the product is 3.5 times of that of the raw material, the floor area is increased, lots of troubles are brought to production, storage and transportation, and the large-scale production and the large-scale digestion of the tailed vegetables are inconvenient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a system and a method for producing environment-friendly enzymes and feed raw materials from large-scale tailed vegetables, and solves the problems that the conventional process for producing the enzymes from the tailed vegetables is mostly in a family workshop type, digestion amount of the tailed vegetables is too small, and the produced products are low in effective substance content, heavy in weight, large in occupied area, inconvenient for large-scale production and the like.

The utility model provides a system for producing environment-friendly ferment and feed raw materials from large-scale vegetable tails, which comprises a crusher, a juicing device, a grit chamber, an adjusting tank, a fermentation container and a filling device, wherein a discharge hole of the crusher is connected with a feed inlet of the juicing device, a discharge hole of the juicing device is connected with a feed inlet of the grit chamber, a discharge hole of the grit chamber is connected with a feed inlet of the adjusting tank, a discharge hole of the adjusting tank is connected with a feed inlet of the fermentation container, and a discharge hole of the fermentation container is connected with a feed inlet of the filling device.

Preferably, the juicer also comprises automatic sorting equipment, and the other discharge hole of the juicing equipment is connected with the feed inlet of the automatic sorting equipment.

Preferably, the fermentation tank further comprises a solid-liquid separator, a feed inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with another discharge outlet of the fermentation container, and a discharge outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected with another feed inlet of the regulating tank.

Preferably, the fermentation equipment can be a cement pool or a steel tank body or a water bag, a stirring device is arranged in the fermentation equipment, and a gas collection temporary storage device is arranged at the upper part of the fermentation equipment.

Preferably, the device further comprises a flare tower which is connected with the gas collection temporary storage device of the fermentation container.

Preferably, the device also comprises a desulfurization purification device, and the desulfurization purification device is connected with the gas collection temporary storage device of the fermentation container.

Preferably, the crusher can be one or more of a shredder, a hammer crusher and a pulverizer.

Preferably, the juicing device can be one or more of a spiral juicing device, a hydraulic piston type juicing device and a centrifugal juicing device.

Preferably, a material homogenizing device is arranged in the regulating tank, and the material homogenizing device can be a pump or a flow pushing device.

Preferably, the solid-liquid separator can be one or more of a centrifugal solid-liquid separator, a plate and frame filter press, a screw dehydrator and the like.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the waste vegetables are squeezed to obtain juice, the vegetable residues can be used as feed raw materials, and the ferment is produced only by using the vegetable juice, so that the area required by production can be reduced, the feed raw materials can be obtained, more sufficient resource utilization and large-scale production of the waste vegetables are facilitated, a large amount of waste vegetables can be digested, pollutants cannot be generated in the whole process flow, and the problem of pollution of the waste vegetables is thoroughly solved;

2. a large amount of agricultural enzyme can be produced, the produced enzyme contains beneficial flora and nutrient elements required by the growth of crops, the photosynthesis of the crops can be enhanced, and the yield is improved by 20-30%;

3. the produced ferment is convenient to use, the labor intensity of farmers is reduced, and the fertilizer use cost is reduced by about 30%;

4. the enzyme produced by the method can reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and reduce the chemical fertilizers and pesticide residues of agricultural products;

5. the enzyme produced by the method is harmless to people and livestock, can improve soil, relieves salt accumulation in the soil, and does not need stubble ploughing;

6. agricultural products planted by the ferment produced by the patent have pure taste, delicious taste and long preservation period, and can maintain the freshness of fruits in circulation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing environmental protection ferment and feedstuff from large-scale waste vegetables,

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for producing an environment-friendly ferment from Chinese cabbage.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 1, a system for producing environment-friendly enzymes and feed raw materials from large-scale tail vegetables comprises a crusher, a juice squeezing device, a grit chamber, an adjusting tank, a fermentation container and a filling device, wherein a discharge port of the crusher is connected with a feed port of the juice squeezing device, a discharge port of the juice squeezing device is connected with a feed port of the grit chamber, a discharge port of the grit chamber is connected with a feed port of the adjusting tank, a discharge port of the adjusting tank is connected with a feed port of the fermentation container, and a discharge port of the fermentation container is connected with a feed port of the filling device.

The crusher is used for crushing the potherb mustard into small particles so as to facilitate the subsequent juicing process. The crusher can be one or more of a shredder, a hammer crusher and a crusher, and the hammer crusher is preferred.

The juicing equipment is used for squeezing the crushed tailed vegetables to remove water. The juicing equipment can be one or more of a screw type, a hydraulic piston type and a centrifugal type. The patent prefers the piston type and the spiral type according to the magnitude of the treatment amount.

The grit chamber is used for separating silt mixed in the vegetable juice, and the upper portion of the grit chamber is provided with two pipelines which are respectively connected with the juice squeezing equipment and the regulating tank and used for conveying the vegetable juice and conveying the supernatant to the regulating tank. The lower part of the sand cleaning device is provided with a sand cleaning device and a sand discharge pipe valve.

The adjusting tank is used for adjusting the C/N ratio of the vegetable juice supernatant and adding other additives which are convenient for quick fermentation of the vegetable juice, and pipelines or channels are arranged on the adjusting tank and are respectively used for receiving the vegetable juice supernatant from the grit chamber and various additives from the additive container and outputting mixed liquid to the fermentation container. The interior of the regulating reservoir is provided with a material homogenizing device which is used for uniformly mixing various materials in the regulating reservoir. The homogenizing device can be a pump, a flow pusher and the like, and the flow pusher is preferred.

The fermentation container is used for receiving the mixed liquid from the regulating tank and providing a mixed liquid fermentation place. As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the fermentation container can be a cement pool or a steel tank or a water bag, and the inside of the fermentation container is provided with a stirring device, and the upper part of the fermentation container is provided with a gas collection temporary storage device. The gas collection buffer may be made of rigid or soft material, preferably an air bag.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the system for producing environment-friendly enzymes from large-scale tailed vegetables further includes an automatic sorting device, and the other discharge port of the juicing device is connected to the feed port of the automatic sorting device. The automatic classification equipment is used for separating sundries in the vegetable residues. Specifically, vegetable juice produced by the juice extracting device enters a grit chamber; solid matters (including sundries and vegetable residues) generated by the juicing equipment enter the automatic classification equipment; the automatic sorting equipment sorts the sundries and the vegetable residues. The impurities comprise non-vegetable residue substances such as plastics, weeds, masonry, metal and the like. The vegetable residue is divided into two types according to the requirement; one is instant feed, namely fresh feed capable of being directly fed to livestock, and the other is finished feed which is processed and prepared to be stored for a long time. And carrying out subsequent harmless treatment on other impurities.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the system for producing the environment-friendly ferment from the large-scale tail vegetables further includes a solid-liquid separator, a feed inlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to another feed outlet of the fermentation container, and a feed outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to another feed inlet of the regulating tank. The solid-liquid separator is used for receiving a solid-liquid mixture from the bottom of the fermentation container, the separated liquid part is fed back to the regulating tank, and the solid can be used as organic fertilizer. The solid-liquid separator can be one or more of a centrifugal solid-liquid separator, a plate-frame filter press, a screw dehydrator and the like.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the system for producing environmental protection ferment from large-scale potherb mustard further includes a torch tower and a desulfurization purification device, and the torch tower and the desulfurization purification device are respectively connected to the gas collection temporary storage device of the fermentation container. The flare stack is used to burn off-gas from a fermentation vessel. The desulfurization purification device is used for desulfurization purification of combustible gas, and is convenient for subsequent power generation or other applications.

Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment further provides a method for producing the environment-friendly enzyme and the feed raw material by using the system for producing the environment-friendly enzyme and the feed raw material by using the large-scale tail vegetables, the method comprises the steps of crushing the tail vegetables, juicing the crushed tail vegetables, settling vegetable juice obtained after juicing, adding an additive into supernatant obtained after settling, blending, fermenting mixed liquid obtained after blending, filtering and filling supernatant obtained after precipitation after fermentation is finished to obtain an enzyme finished product, and preparing the feed raw material by using the residue obtained after juicing.

Specifically, the tail vegetables are directly fed into a crusher to be crushed without impurity removal, the crushed materials are left by themselves or pumped into a juicing device, the tail vegetables are juiced and then are divided into two parts, the vegetable juice is fed into a grit chamber to be precipitated, and the supernatant is left by itself or pumped into a regulating tank. The adjusting tank receives the supernatant and the additive from the grit chamber, and the mixed solution after modulation is self-retained or pumped into a fermentation container for fermentation. The mixed material entering the fermentation container is subjected to anaerobic fermentation at normal temperature for 1-6 months, preferably 3 months. During the period, the stirring device is started at regular intervals to fully stir the materials in the fermentation container once. The liquid in the fermentation vessel was measured at regular intervals, and when the pH was in the range of 3 to 3.5, the fermentation was almost completed. And (4) after the fermentation is finished, taking the supernatant after the precipitation, and filling the supernatant into filling equipment to obtain a finished enzyme product.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the method further comprises the step of separating impurities from the crushed residue after the juicing treatment to separate vegetable residue and prepare the feed raw material. The vegetable residue after juicing is subjected to harmless treatment after sundries such as plastics, weeds, masonry, metal and the like mixed in the vegetable residue are separated by automatic classification equipment, one part of the remaining vegetable residue can be used as an instant feed, and the other part of the vegetable residue is processed to prepare a finished feed which can be stored for a long time.

As a preferred embodiment of this example, the method further comprises the step of subjecting the residue remaining after the fermentation to solid-liquid separation, and adding the separated liquid to the supernatant obtained by the sand settling. And after fermentation in the fermentation container, pumping the supernatant into filling equipment for filling to form a finished enzyme product, sending the residue precipitated at the bottom into a solid-liquid separator, performing solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separator, returning the liquid part into the regulating tank, mixing the liquid part with the supernatant and the additive in the regulating tank to prepare a mixed liquid, and pumping the mixed liquid into the fermentation container for fermentation.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the method further comprises the step of subjecting the waste gas produced by the fermentation process to a combustion or desulfurization treatment.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the additive is one or more of sugar, molasses, urea, flour, feces, and strain, and in this embodiment, industrial brown sugar, or raw sugar is preferred. The additive is added in an amount of 20-40 jin of additive per cubic meter of vegetable juice, preferably 30 jin.

Example 1: one ton of Chinese cabbage is crushed and juiced to obtain 750kg of vegetable juice, 30kg of industrial brown sugar is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and pumped into a fermentation container. Gas was evolved from day 6 and gas production peaked at day 26 and then gradually decreased. On day 80, the pH was 5.6, and the sample was light yellow and odorless. The main marker PH was 4.0 after day 90. The qualitative detection of the types of the enzymes in the liquid comprises nine types of amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, urease and alcoholic enzyme.

Example 2: crushing and juicing one ton of root mustard to obtain 640kg of vegetable juice, adding 40kg of industrial syrup and 2kg of urea, stirring uniformly, and pumping into a fermentation container. Gas was overflowed from day 3, and the gas production peaked at day 23 and gradually decreased thereafter. On day 80, the pH was 4.8, and the sample was light yellow and odorless. The main marker PH was 3.5 after day 90. The qualitative detection of the types of the enzymes in the liquid comprises nine types of amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, urease and alcoholic enzyme.

Example 3: a ton of Chinese cabbage, carrot, green Chinese onion, kohlrabi and spinach mixed tail vegetable is crushed and squeezed to obtain 720kg of vegetable juice, and 20kg of industrial brown sugar, 1kg of urea and 1kg of probiotic strains are added. Pumping into the fermentation container after stirring uniformly. Gas was overflowed from day 2, and the gas production peaked at day 20 and gradually decreased thereafter. On day 80, the pH was 4.5, and the sample was light yellow and odorless. The main marker PH was 3.5 after day 90. The qualitative detection of the types of the enzymes in the liquid comprises nine types of amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, urease and alcoholic enzyme.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a system for large-scale tail dish production environmental protection ferment and feed ingredient, includes breaker, juice extraction equipment, its characterized in that: the automatic juicer is characterized by further comprising a grit chamber, an adjusting tank, a fermentation container and filling equipment, wherein a discharge port of the crusher is connected with a feed port of the juicing equipment, a discharge port of the juicing equipment is connected with a feed port of the grit chamber, a discharge port of the grit chamber is connected with a feed port of the adjusting tank, a discharge port of the adjusting tank is connected with a feed port of the fermentation container, and a discharge port of the fermentation container is connected with a feed port of the filling equipment.

2. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: still include automatic classification equipment, the feed inlet of automatic classification equipment is connected to another discharge gate of equipment of squeezing the juice.

3. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: still include solid-liquid separator, another discharge gate of fermentation vessel is connected to solid-liquid separator's feed inlet, another feed inlet of equalizing basin is connected to solid-liquid separator's discharge gate.

4. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the fermentation container can be a cement pool or a steel tank body or a water bag, a stirring device is arranged in the fermentation container, and a gas collecting and temporary storage device is arranged at the upper part of the fermentation container.

5. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tail vegetables according to claim 4, wherein: still include the torch tower, the gas collection temporary storage device of fermentation vessel is connected to the torch tower.

6. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tail vegetables according to claim 4, wherein: still include desulfurization purifier, desulfurization purifier connects fermentation vessel's gas collection temporary storage device.

7. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the crusher can be one or more of a shredder, a hammer crusher and a crusher.

8. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the juicing equipment can be one or more of spiral juicing equipment, hydraulic piston type juicing equipment and centrifugal juicing equipment.

9. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: and a material homogenizing device is arranged in the regulating tank, and the material homogenizing device can be a pump or a flow impeller.

10. The system for producing environmental-friendly enzymes and feedstuff by using large-scale tailed vegetables according to claim 3, wherein: the solid-liquid separator can be one or more of a centrifugal solid-liquid separator, a plate-frame filter press, a screw dehydrator and the like.