CN114289447A - Resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste - Google Patents
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- CN114289447A CN114289447A CN202111573900.1A CN202111573900A CN114289447A CN 114289447 A CN114289447 A CN 114289447A CN 202111573900 A CN202111573900 A CN 202111573900A CN 114289447 A CN114289447 A CN 114289447A
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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Abstract
The invention relates to a kitchen waste recycling treatment method, which comprises the steps of removing impurities in kitchen waste raw materials, crushing, sorting, pulping and extracting oil, uniformly mixing organic slurry with a filter aid, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain filter-pressing solid residues and filtrate, sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, carrying out membrane filtration treatment on primary nanofiltration concentrated solution by a secondary nanofiltration system, and sending the primary nanofiltration clear solution and the secondary nanofiltration clear solution to a storage tank as an additional carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of leachate; mixing the deoiled kitchen solid residue, filter-pressed solid residue and granular straw with the secondary nano concentrated solution, crushing, inoculating zymophyte, and performing fermentation treatment to prepare the feed for raising insects; and adding the hermetia illucens larvae and the feed into the breeding box, and screening and collecting the larvae after the larvae are bred into adults. The invention can realize the maximum utilization of resources in the kitchen waste treatment process, effectively prevent secondary pollution to the environment and greatly reduce the investment and operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste, and belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment.
Background
The kitchen waste generally comprises food waste, kitchen waste residue and the like. According to statistics, about 40 percent of most urban garbage in all countries in the world is kitchen garbage. The kitchen waste has high water content, high organic matter content, complex components and great treatment difficulty. With the improvement of environmental protection consciousness of people and the promotion of environmental protection policies of various countries, the reduction, harmless and resource treatment of the garbage is increasingly concerned by various circles.
The kitchen waste treatment technology comprises aerobic composting, household waste incineration, direct landfill and other modes. The disadvantage of aerobic composting is that the kitchen waste contains high water content and high salt and oil content, which makes the utilization of the compost product difficult. In addition, organic matters and other nutrient elements of the kitchen waste are rich, and incineration and landfill treatment not only can cause secondary pollution to the environment, but also can cause resource waste.
At present, the main treatment process of the kitchen waste is that the kitchen waste is subjected to pretreatment such as primary separation, fine separation, pulping and the like, and then enters an oil extraction unit, the extracted biomass oil can be used as fuel, the organic slurry after oil extraction enters anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, and the produced biogas is used for power generation. However, the method has the problems of incomplete fermentation, low garbage utilization rate, high energy consumption, low energy utilization rate of methane, large amount of methane liquid generated in the anaerobic treatment process, difficult treatment and the like.
Black soldier fly is an insect of the genus Hermetia illucens of the family Hermetidae of the order Diptera. The hermetia illucens larvae have the advantages of nutritional and saprophagic properties, poor feeding, large feed intake, strong stress resistance and high nutritive value of insect bodies, so that the hermetia illucens have an important effect on the aspect of converting kitchen waste into insect protein.
In order to achieve the maximum resource utilization of kitchen waste treatment, currently, as in "a kitchen waste treatment method" disclosed in CN105080940A, kitchen waste is sorted to remove metal products, plastic products, glass products and ceramic products; crushing the sorted solid kitchen waste into slurry, adding beneficial bacteria for primary fermentation, and then preserving heat for secondary fermentation; after the secondary fermentation is finished, the black soldier fly larvae are inoculated into the slurry for breeding, the black soldier fly larvae and the excrement are collected, the black soldier fly adults are collected to serve as high-protein feed, and meanwhile, the excrement of the black soldier fly can serve as an organic fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency and environmental friendliness. However, in the treatment method, organic slurry is subjected to anaerobic treatment to generate biogas, but in order to ensure that effluent is discharged after reaching standards, advanced treatment is required, and nanofiltration treatment and reverse osmosis treatment are usually adopted in the advanced treatment, so that membrane filtration concentrated solution is generated, and additional equipment is required for treatment, so that the investment and operation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste, which can realize the maximum utilization of resources in the kitchen waste treatment process, effectively prevent secondary pollution to the environment and greatly reduce the investment and operation cost.
The technical scheme for achieving the aim of the invention is as follows: a resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of: removing impurities in the kitchen waste raw materials, then sending the kitchen waste raw materials into a separator for crushing, separating and pulping, sending the prepared slurry into a three-phase centrifuge for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, sending the organic slurry after oil removal into a mixer and uniformly mixing with a filter aid to prepare a mixed feed liquid, wherein the granularity diameter of the filter aid is less than 1cm, the organic slurry and the filter aid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 20-60: 1, and the kitchen solid residue after oil removal is used for preparing an insect-raising feed;
secondly, filter pressing treatment: sending the uniformly mixed feed liquid to a filter press for solid-liquid separation to obtain filter pressing solid residues and filtrate, sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for treatment, and using the filter pressing solid residues for preparation of insect-breeding feed;
the third step of primary nanofiltration treatment: sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, sending the intercepted primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system, and sending the permeated primary nanofiltration clear solution to a storage tank to be used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate;
fourthly, secondary nanofiltration treatment: sending the primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution intercepted by the secondary nanofiltration system is used for preparing insect-raising feed, and the permeated secondary nanofiltration clear solution is sent to a storage tank to be used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of leachate;
fifthly, preparing the insect-raising feed: mixing the kitchen solid residue, the filter-pressed solid residue, granular straws and the secondary nano concentrated solution, crushing the mixed materials until the diameter of the particles is less than or equal to 1cm, inoculating zymophyte for fermentation treatment, mixing 90-97% of the materials and 3-10% of the zymophyte according to mass percentage, and preparing the feed for insect cultivation after the fermentation is finished;
sixthly, breeding insects: adding hermetia illucens larvae and feed into the breeding box, wherein the hermetia illucens larvae and the feed are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5-3.5, screening and collecting after the larvae are bred into adults, wherein the screened adults are used as protein feed, and the rest of the insect manure is used as organic fertilizer raw material.
The invention adopts the technical scheme and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the kitchen waste impurity is removed, then crushing, sorting and pulping are carried out, the slurry is subjected to oil extraction treatment by a three-phase centrifuge, and the extracted oil can be utilized; and uniformly mixing the organic slurry after the grease extraction with a filter aid, and then performing filter pressing by a filter press, wherein the suspended solid SS of the obtained filtrate is reduced to be below 500mg/L through the adsorption effect of the filter aid and large-particle-size substances and suspended substances in the organic slurry and the filtering effect of the filter aid. The problems of high SS content, large particle size and impurity components in the organic slurry after oil extraction and easy blockage of a filter hole in a subsequent treatment process are effectively solved, and the water inlet requirement of the subsequent concentration treatment of a nanofiltration system can be met. The method adopts waste such as sawdust, rice chaff, bran, straw and the like or low-cost substances as the filter aid materials, solves the problem of treatment and disposal of the low-value biomass materials, avoids resource waste, and is beneficial to feeding the hermetia illucens by adding the lignocellulose.
(2) According to the invention, the deoiled kitchen solid residue and filter-pressed solid residue are used as the components of the insect-breeding feed, so that the technical problem that large-particle solid remained after solid-liquid separation can only be used for landfill or incineration treatment in the prior art is solved, rich nutrient substances contained in the kitchen solid residue and the filter-pressed solid residue are fully utilized, the conventional waste solid residue is used as a good feed for breeding black soldier flies, the solid residue after organic slurry pretreatment is digested by black soldier fly larvae, the larvae can be used as a protein feed after being bred into adults, and the remained insect feces is used as an organic fertilizer raw material, so that the resource utilization maximization is achieved, and the resource utilization rate is improved.
(3) The invention adopts the first-stage nanofiltration system and the second-stage nanofiltration system to treat the filtrate, and the COD in the nanofiltration clear liquid generated at each stage is higher, so the invention can be used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate, and the investment and operation cost of enterprises is reduced. And the secondary nanofiltration system carries out membrane filtration treatment on the primary nanofiltration concentrated solution, and the generated secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution is used as a component of the insect-raising feed, so that the concentrated solution does not need to be treated again, and the investment and operation cost is greatly reduced.
(4) According to the invention, after the kitchen waste is treated, the treated kitchen waste is used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of leachate, solid residues which are difficult to treat and nanofiltration concentrated solution are converted into insect protein through hermetia illucens, so that the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution are solved, and meanwhile, hermetia illucens adults are used as high-value animal feed, so that the economic benefit of the kitchen waste is improved, and the enterprise profit is increased.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow for resourceful treatment of kitchen waste.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of removing impurities in kitchen waste raw materials, removing metal products, plastic products, glass products and ceramic products in the kitchen waste raw materials, sending the kitchen waste raw materials into a sorting machine for crushing, sorting and pulping, wherein the sorting machine can adopt an existing integrated pulping machine, sending prepared pulp into a three-phase centrifuge for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, and further preparing biodiesel or other chemical products from the extracted oil according to requirements to realize resource utilization.
The deoiled organic slurry is sent to a mixer to be uniformly mixed with a filter aid to prepare a mixed feed liquid, the particle size diameter of the filter aid is less than or equal to 1cm, and the organic slurry and the filter aid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 20-60: 1. Because the organic slurry keeps various amino acids, saccharides, auxin, trace elements and the like in the kitchen waste, the subsequent filter pressing solid residue and nanofiltration concentrated solution contain rich nutrient substances, and provide rich nutrition for black soldier fly larvae. Meanwhile, after the filter aid is added, the filter aid can perform an adsorption effect with substances with large particle sizes and suspended matters in the organic slurry, so that the content of the suspended solid matters in the organic slurry can be greatly reduced, the subsequent blockage of a nanofiltration system is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the system work are improved. The kitchen solid residue is used for preparing the insect-raising feed.
The mass ratio of the organic slurry to the filter aid is 30-50: 1, such as 35:1 and 40: 1; the filter aid is one or a mixture of sawdust, rice chaff, bran or straws, and the particle diameter of the filter aid is less than or equal to 3 mm. The waste such as sawdust, rice chaff, bran, straw and the like is used as the filter aid material of the low-cost material, so that the problem that the SS is difficult to remove by the pretreatment of organic slurry after oil extraction is solved, and the problem of treatment and disposal of the low-value biomass filter aid material is also solved. The filter-pressing solid slag has high content of organic matters and lignocellulose, so that the treatment cost is reduced, the waste of resources is avoided, and the resource utilization rate is improved.
The kitchen residue discharged by the three-phase centrifuge can be sent to a filter press, the filter press can adopt a high-pressure diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, the pressure between plates and frames of the filter press is controlled to be 15-20 MPa, the feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 60-80 min, the water content of the kitchen solid residue after the three-phase centrifugal oil extraction is less than 65%, and the preparation of the insect-breeding feed is convenient.
Secondly, filter pressing treatment: and feeding the uniformly mixed feed liquid into a filter press for solid-liquid separation to obtain filter-pressing solid slag and filtrate, wherein the water content of the filter-pressing solid slag is less than or equal to 65%, and the suspended solid SS of the filtrate is less than or equal to 500mg/L, and the suspended solid content of the filter-pressed filtrate can meet the water inlet requirement of a subsequent nanofiltration system, so that the problem of difficulty in removing the SS by pretreatment of the organic slurry after oil extraction is effectively solved. The filter-pressed filtrate is sent into a first-stage nanofiltration system for treatment, and the filter-pressed solid residue is used for preparing the insect-raising feed. The filter press adopts a high-pressure diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, the pressure between plate frames of the filter press is controlled to be 15-20 MPa, the feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60-80 min, so that the water content of filter-pressed solid slag after filter pressing is less than or equal to 65%, and the suspended solid SS is less than or equal to 500 mg/L.
The third step of primary nanofiltration treatment: and (3) sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the primary nanofiltration system is 45-55 MPa, the intercepted primary nanofiltration concentrated solution is sent to a secondary nanofiltration system for treatment, and the permeated primary nanofiltration clear solution is sent to a storage tank and is used as an additional carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate.
Fourthly, secondary nanofiltration treatment: and (3) conveying the primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the secondary nanofiltration system is 55-65 MPa, the intercepted secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution is used for producing an insect-raising feed, and the permeated secondary nanofiltration clear solution is conveyed into a storage tank and is used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate, so that the maximum resource utilization is achieved.
Fifthly, preparing the insect-raising feed: mixing the kitchen solid residues, the filter-pressing solid residues, the granular straws and the secondary nano concentrated solution, controlling the water content and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed materials to be within a design range, crushing the mixed materials to a particle diameter of less than 1cm, inoculating zymogens to ferment, optimally mixing 90-97% of the materials with 3-10% of the zymogens according to the mass percentage, and preparing the feed for raising the insects after the fermentation is finished, wherein the water content of the mixed materials is less than or equal to 70% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-35: 1, the kitchen solid residues, the filter-pressing solid residues and the granular straws with different water contents are mixed according to a proper ratio, the water content and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed materials are controlled to be within a design range, the particle diameter of the mixed materials is less than 1cm and the zymogens are inoculated.
The method mixes 92-95% of material with 5-8% of fermentation bacteria, the fermentation bacteria can adopt lactic acid bacteria, bacillus or yeast, the fermentation environment temperature of the material is controlled between 25-32 ℃, the environment humidity is controlled between 60-80%, the fermentation time is controlled between 24-72 h, and the fermentation temperature is controlled between 25-50 ℃.
Sixthly, breeding insects: adding feed into the hermetia illucens larvae in the breeding box, wherein the hermetia illucens larvae and the feed are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5-3.5 kg of black soldier fly larvae are added, the temperature of the environment for feeding the black soldier fly larvae is 27-32 ℃, the relative humidity of the environment is 60% -80%, the feeding period is 7-12 days, the black soldier fly larvae are screened and collected after being bred into adults, the screened adults are used as protein feed, the rest insect manure is used as organic fertilizer raw material, and the black soldier fly is fully utilized to digest the filtered solid residues, so that the maximum resource utilization is achieved.
Example 1
120t of kitchen waste is treated by adopting the kitchen waste recycling treatment method.
The method comprises the steps of removing sundries in 120t kitchen waste raw materials, conveying the kitchen waste raw materials into a sorting machine for crushing, sorting and pulping, conveying the prepared slurry into a three-phase centrifugal machine for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, and further preparing biodiesel or other chemical products according to requirements. After oil extraction by a three-phase centrifuge, 107t of organic slurry and 10t of kitchen solid residues with 62% of water content are generated, and the water quality of the organic slurry after oil extraction is as follows: CODcr101300mg/L, TN 2390mg/L and SS 18430 mg/L. And uniformly mixing the organic slurry after oil extraction with 3.5t of dry wood chips or straws with the water content of 15% according to the mass ratio of 30: 1.
The feed liquid with the misce bene send into plate and frame diaphragm filter press, and feed pressure is at 0.5MPa, and pressure keeps at 20MPa between the plate and frame, and dwell time 60min collects about 10.5t of solid sediment of filter-pressing 100t filtrating of filter-pressing effluent and moisture content 65% respectively, and filter-pressing back clear solution quality of water does: CODcr76100mg/L, TN 1280mg/L, and SS 120 mg/L.
Thirdly, conveying the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane concentration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the nanofiltration system is 50MPa, and obtaining 80t of primary nanofiltration clear liquid and 20t of primary nanofiltration concentrated liquid, wherein the water quality of the primary nanofiltration clear liquid is as follows: CODcr43800mg/L and 410mg/L TN, and the water quality of the first-stage nanofiltration concentrated solution is as follows: CODcr168600mg/L and TN 4110 mg/L. Due to COD in the clear liquid of the first-stage nanofiltrationcr43800mg/L with low carbon source concentration requirement, and sending the primary nanofiltration clear liquid into a storage tank to be used as an additional carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate.
Sending the 20t primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to the secondary nanofiltrationThe system is subjected to membrane filtration treatment, the operating pressure of the secondary nanofiltration system is 60MPa, and 10t of secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution and 10t of secondary nanofiltration clear solution are obtained after treatment, wherein the water quality of the secondary nanofiltration clear solution is as follows: CODcr is 81000mg/L, TN is 1270mg/L, and the water quality of the secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution is as follows: CODcr243000mg/L and 8780mg/L TN. Due to COD of the secondary nanofiltration clear liquidcr61000mg/L, can be used as a low-concentration carbon source, and the secondary nanofiltration clear liquid is sent into a storage tank and used as an additional carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate.
Fifthly, mixing 10t of kitchen solid residues with the water content of 62%, 3.4t of straws with the water content of 15% and 10.5t of filter-pressing solid residues with the water content of 65% with the second-stage 10t of nanofiltration concentrated solution, wherein the straws can be crushed in advance to enable the particle diameter to be smaller than 1cm, uniformly mixing to form 33.5t of materials with the water content of 69%, further crushing the mixed materials, crushing large particle objects to be smaller than 1cm, mixing the crushed 96% of materials with 4% of activated bacillus, fermenting at the ambient temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 70%, and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 39 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the feed for raising the insects.
Sixthly, adding black soldier fly larvae and feed into a breeding box, adding 3.2kg of feed into 1kg of black soldier fly larvae according to a mass ratio, feeding the black soldier fly larvae at the environment temperature of 30 ℃, at the environment relative humidity of 70%, wherein the feeding period is 8 days, screening and collecting the black soldier fly larvae after the black soldier fly larvae are bred into adults, screening the adults to serve as protein feed, selling the insect protein as animal feed, and using the rest insect manure as organic fertilizer raw materials.
Example 2
120t of kitchen waste is treated by adopting the kitchen waste recycling treatment method.
The method comprises the steps of removing sundries in 120t kitchen waste raw materials, conveying the kitchen waste raw materials into a sorting machine for crushing, sorting and pulping, conveying the prepared slurry into a three-phase centrifugal machine for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, and further preparing biodiesel or other chemical products according to requirements. After oil extraction by a three-phase centrifuge, 107t of organic slurry and 10t of kitchen solid residues with 65% of water content are generated, and the water quality of the organic slurry after oil extraction is as follows: CODcr107500mg/L, TN 2470mg/L, SS18720 mg/L. And (3) uniformly mixing the organic slurry after oil extraction with 2.28t of rice chaff or bran with the water content of 15% according to the mass ratio of 40:1, or uniformly mixing half of each of the rice chaff and the bran with the organic slurry.
The feed liquid with the misce bene send into plate and frame diaphragm filter press, and feed pressure is at 0.7MPa, and pressure keeps 18MPa between the plate and frame, and dwell time 70min collects the solid sediment of 7.95t filter-pressing of 100t filtrating of filter-pressing effluent and moisture content 65% respectively, and clear solution quality of water is after the filter-pressing: CODcr77600mg/L, TN 1300mg/L and SS 210 mg/L.
(3) And the filtrate is sent to a first-stage nanofiltration system for membrane concentration treatment, the operating pressure of the nanofiltration system is 54MPa, and a first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid 80t and a first-stage nanofiltration concentrated liquid 20t are obtained, wherein the water quality of the first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid is as follows: CODcr41100mg/L and TN 410mg/L, and the water quality of the first-stage nanofiltration concentrated solution is as follows: CODcr172000mg/L, TN 4170mg/L and SS 350 mg/L. As COD in the first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid is 41100mg/L and meets the requirement of low-concentration carbon source, the first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid is sent into a storage tank and is used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate.
Fourthly, sending the 20t of primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the secondary nanofiltration system is 64MPa, and obtaining 10t of secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution and 10t of secondary nanofiltration clear solution after treatment, wherein the quality of the secondary nanofiltration clear solution is as follows: CODcr83300mg/L, TN 1290mg/L, and the water quality of the secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution is as follows: CODcr253000mg/L and TN 8530 mg/L. Due to COD of the secondary nanofiltration clear liquidcr83300mg/L, can be used as a low-concentration carbon source, and the secondary nanofiltration clear liquid is sent into a storage tank and used as an additional carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate.
Fifthly, mixing 10t of kitchen solid residues with the water content of 65%, 3.83t of straws with the water content of 15% and 7.95t of filter-pressing solid residues with the water content of 65% with the second-stage 10t of nanofiltration concentrated solution, crushing the straws in advance until the particle diameter is less than or equal to 1cm, uniformly mixing to form 31.8t of materials with the water content of 70%, further crushing the mixed materials, crushing large particle objects to be less than 1cm, mixing the crushed 95% of materials with 5% of yeast, fermenting at the ambient temperature of 30 ℃ and the humidity of 75%, and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 45 ℃ for 40h to obtain the feed for raising the insects.
Sixthly, adding black soldier fly larvae and feed into a breeding box, adding 3.0kg of feed into 1kg of black soldier fly larvae according to a mass ratio, feeding the black soldier fly larvae at the temperature of 31 ℃, keeping the relative humidity of the environment at 75%, wherein the feeding period is 9 days, screening and collecting the black soldier fly larvae after the black soldier fly larvae are bred into adults, screening the adults to serve as protein feed, selling the insect protein as animal feed, and using the rest insect manure as organic fertilizer raw materials.
Example 3
120t of kitchen waste is treated by adopting the kitchen waste recycling treatment method.
The method comprises the steps of removing sundries in 120t kitchen waste raw materials, conveying the kitchen waste raw materials into a sorting machine for crushing, sorting and pulping, conveying the prepared slurry into a three-phase centrifugal machine for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, and further preparing biodiesel or other chemical products according to requirements. After oil extraction by a three-phase centrifuge, 107t of organic slurry and 10t of kitchen solid residues with 62% of water content are generated, and the water quality of the organic slurry after oil extraction is as follows: CODcr113600mg/L, TN 2410mg/L and SS 19170 mg/L. And uniformly mixing the organic slurry after oil extraction with the straws according to the mass ratio of 50: 1.
The feed liquid with the misce bene send into plate and frame diaphragm filter press, and feed pressure is at 1MPa, and pressure keeps at 20MPa between the plate and frame, and dwell time 75min collects the solid sediment of 6.65t filter-pressing of 100t filtrating of filter-pressing effluent and moisture content 65% respectively, and clear solution quality of water is after the filter-pressing: CODcr78500mg/L, TN 1350mg/L and SS 290 mg/L.
Thirdly, conveying the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane concentration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the nanofiltration system is 50MPa, and obtaining 80t of primary nanofiltration clear liquid and 20t of primary nanofiltration concentrated liquid, wherein the water quality of the primary nanofiltration clear liquid is as follows: CODcr46600mg/L, TN 450mg/L, the water quality of the first-stage nanofiltration concentrated solution is: CODcr165000mg/L, TN 3920mg/L and SS 410 mg/L. As COD in the first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid is about 46600mg/L and has the requirement of low-concentration carbon source, the first-stage nanofiltration clear liquid is sent into a storage tank and used as the outside of the biochemical treatment process of the leachateAdding a carbon source.
Fourthly, sending the 20t of primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the operating pressure of the secondary nanofiltration system is 60MPa, and obtaining 10t of secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution and 10t of secondary nanofiltration clear solution after treatment, wherein the quality of the secondary nanofiltration clear solution is as follows: CODcr89800mg/L, 1260mg/L of TN, and the water quality of the secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution is as follows: CODcr246000mg/L and 9100 mg/L. Due to COD of the secondary nanofiltration clear liquidcr89800mg/L, can be used as low concentration carbon source, and the secondary nanofiltration clear liquid is sent into a storage tank and used as an additional carbon source in the process of biochemical treatment of leachate.
Fifthly, mixing 10t of kitchen solid residues with the water content of 62%, 5.82t of straws with the water content of 10% and 6.65t of filter-pressing solid residues with the water content of 65% with the second-stage 10t of nanofiltration concentrated solution, crushing the straws in advance until the particle diameter is less than or equal to 1cm, uniformly mixing to form 32.47t of materials with the water content of 65%, further crushing the mixed materials, crushing large particle objects to be less than 1cm, mixing the crushed 92% materials with 8% lactic acid bacteria, fermenting at the ambient temperature of 32 ℃ and the humidity of 65%, and fermenting at the fermentation temperature of 40 ℃ for 60 hours to obtain the feed for raising insects.
Sixthly, adding the black soldier fly larvae and feed into a breeding box, adding 2.8kg of feed into 1kg of black soldier fly larvae according to the mass ratio, wherein the breeding environment temperature is 28 ℃, the environment relative humidity is 65%, the breeding period is 10 days, screening and collecting are carried out after the larvae are bred into adults, the screened adults are used as protein feed, the insect protein is sold as animal feed, and the rest insect manure is used as organic fertilizer raw material.
Claims (8)
1. A resourceful treatment method for kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of: removing impurities in the kitchen waste raw materials, then sending the kitchen waste raw materials into a separator for crushing, separating and pulping, sending the prepared slurry into a three-phase centrifuge for oil extraction treatment, discharging crude oil into a crude oil tank, sending the organic slurry after oil removal into a mixer and uniformly mixing with a filter aid to prepare a mixed feed liquid, wherein the granularity diameter of the filter aid is less than 1cm, the organic slurry and the filter aid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 20-60: 1, and the kitchen solid residue after oil removal is used for preparing an insect-raising feed;
secondly, filter pressing treatment: sending the uniformly mixed feed liquid to a filter press for solid-liquid separation to obtain filter pressing solid residues and filtrate, sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for treatment, and using the filter pressing solid residues for preparation of insect-breeding feed;
the third step of primary nanofiltration treatment: sending the filtrate to a primary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, sending the intercepted primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system, and sending the permeated primary nanofiltration clear solution to a storage tank to be used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of the leachate;
fourthly, secondary nanofiltration treatment: sending the primary nanofiltration concentrated solution to a secondary nanofiltration system for membrane filtration treatment, wherein the secondary nanofiltration concentrated solution intercepted by the secondary nanofiltration system is used for preparing insect-raising feed, and the permeated secondary nanofiltration clear solution is sent to a storage tank to be used as an external carbon source in the biochemical treatment process of leachate;
fifthly, preparing the insect-raising feed: mixing the kitchen solid residue, the filter-pressed solid residue, granular straws and the secondary nano concentrated solution, crushing the mixed materials until the diameter of the particles is less than or equal to 1cm, inoculating zymophyte for fermentation treatment, mixing 90-97% of the materials and 3-10% of the zymophyte according to mass percentage, and preparing the feed for insect cultivation after the fermentation is finished;
sixthly, breeding insects: adding hermetia illucens larvae and feed into the breeding box, wherein the hermetia illucens larvae and the feed are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5-3.5, screening and collecting after the larvae are bred into adults, wherein the screened adults are used as protein feed, and the rest of the insect manure is used as organic fertilizer raw material.
2. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the organic slurry to the filter aid is 30-50: 1, the filter aid is one or a mixture of sawdust, bran, rice chaff or straws, and the particle diameter of the filter aid is less than or equal to 3 mm.
3. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the pretreatment step, kitchen residue discharged by a three-phase centrifuge is sent to a filter press, organic slurry discharged by the filter press is sent to a mixer, kitchen solid residue after filter pressing is used for making insect-raising feed, and the water content of the kitchen solid residue is less than or equal to 65%.
4. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of filter pressing treatment, the water content of filter pressing solid slag is less than or equal to 65 percent, and the suspended solid SS of the filtrate is less than or equal to 500 mg/L.
5. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of preparing the insect-raising feed, the diameter of the particles of the crushed mixed materials is less than or equal to 3 mm.
6. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: mixing 92-95% of material with 5-8% of fermentation bacteria, wherein the fermentation bacteria are lactic acid bacteria, bacillus or yeast, the fermentation environment temperature is controlled to be 25-32 ℃, the environment humidity is controlled to be 60-80%, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 25-50 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 24-72 hours.
7. The kitchen waste recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of breeding the black soldier fly larvae, the environment temperature for breeding the black soldier fly larvae is controlled to be 27-32 ℃, the environment relative humidity is controlled to be 60-80%, and the breeding period is 7-12 days.
8. The kitchen waste recycling treatment method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the filter press is a high-pressure diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, the pressure between plate frames is 15-20 MPa, the feeding pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60-80 min.
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