CN111362734A - Method and system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method and system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362734A CN111362734A CN202010205653.9A CN202010205653A CN111362734A CN 111362734 A CN111362734 A CN 111362734A CN 202010205653 A CN202010205653 A CN 202010205653A CN 111362734 A CN111362734 A CN 111362734A
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- fermentation
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- fine garbage
- kitchen waste
- waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a method and a system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps: sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse material waste and fine material waste containing organic components; and (3) extrusion process: extruding the fine garbage to separate oil from water in the fine garbage, wherein the extruded fine garbage is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage; and (3) crushing: crushing solid fine garbage; and (3) fermentation process: the spiral fermentation system adopts self-cultured composite anaerobic zymophyte to ferment the crushed solid fine garbage to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer. By applying the method and the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste, provided by the invention, the kitchen waste is fermented by the composite anaerobic zymophyte to finally obtain the organic liquid fertilizer, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the kitchen waste can be recycled to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, harmlessness and reduction are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method and a system for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the dietary structure of residents is greatly changed, the catering industry is rapidly developed, and meanwhile, a large amount of kitchen, fruit and vegetable waste is also generated.
The kitchen waste is a domestic waste formed in the process of domestic consumption of residents, mainly comprises food residues such as rice, flour, vegetables, animal and vegetable oil, meat and bones and the like, and has the characteristics of high water content, easiness in decay and deterioration, large quantity of organic substances, existence of pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms and the like, and environmental pollution is easily caused if the treatment is not timely or improper.
In the distributed kitchen waste treatment, the common aerobic fermentation method has short treatment period, but fermentation products cannot be directly utilized and need secondary fermentation for utilization, and waste water and waste gas generated in the treatment process are discharged without professional treatment, so that the traditional waste treatment method easily causes the problems of environmental pollution, resource waste and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, so as to solve one or more problems of incomplete resource recovery and environmental pollution caused by the traditional kitchen waste treatment technology.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) sorting: sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse material waste and fine material waste containing organic components; (2) and (3) extrusion process: extruding the fine garbage obtained in the step (1) to separate oil and water in the fine garbage, wherein the extruded fine garbage is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage; (3) and (3) crushing: crushing the solid fine garbage in the step (2); (4) and (3) fermentation process: and (3) fermenting the solid fine garbage crushed in the step (3) by adopting self-cultured composite anaerobic zymophyte in the spiral fermentation system to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and (3) carrying out oil-water separation on the liquid fine garbage obtained in the step (2), carrying out waste oil recovery on the oil obtained after separation, and carrying out sewage treatment on the wastewater obtained after separation.
Optionally, when sewage treatment is performed, the specific process is as follows: and (3) sequentially performing anaerobic hydrolysis, facultative reaction and MBR treatment on the wastewater by adopting the self-cultured wastewater treatment composite flora so as to reach the sewage discharge standard.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and (4) recycling the gas generated in the fermentation process in the step (4).
Optionally, in the fermentation process, the adding amount of the composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria to the spiral fermentation system is as follows: 2 per mill of the weight of the kitchen waste; the adding time is as follows: and adding the mixture at the initial stage of starting the spiral fermentation system, and stopping adding the mixture after the spiral fermentation system stably runs.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and (5) recovering the gas generated in the fermentation process in the step (5) and then using the recovered gas for incineration power generation.
Optionally, the preparation processes in the steps (1) to (4) are controlled by an automatic control system to operate.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a system for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, including: the device comprises a sorting system, an extrusion system, a crushing system and a spiral anaerobic fermentation system; the sorting system is used for sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse waste with the diameter larger than the diameter of a sieve pore and fine waste containing organic components; the discharge port of the sorting system is connected with the discharge port of the extrusion system, the extrusion system extrudes the fine garbage to separate oil and water in the fine garbage, and the fine garbage after extrusion is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage; the discharge port of the extrusion system is connected with the discharge port of the crushing system, the crushing system crushes the solid fine garbage, and the crushed garbage is fermented; the discharge port of the crushing system is connected with the discharge port of the spiral anaerobic fermentation system, and the spiral fermentation system adopts self-cultured composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria to perform fermentation treatment on the crushed solid fine garbage to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
Optionally, the system further comprises: and the automatic control system is respectively electrically connected with the sorting system, the extrusion system, the crushing system and the spiral anaerobic fermentation system, and is used for realizing that the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste automatically controls the magnetic microspheres to be applied to sewage treatment.
By applying the method and the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste, provided by the invention, the kitchen waste is fermented by the composite anaerobic zymophyte to finally obtain the organic liquid fertilizer, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the investment and the operation cost are low, the kitchen waste can be recycled to the maximum extent, the harmlessness and the reduction are realized, and the equipment level of the kitchen waste in China is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a system for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. As used in this specification, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," "inner," "outer," "bottom," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention firstly provides a structural block diagram of a system for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, and with reference to fig. 1, the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste comprises: the system comprises a sorting system 100, an extrusion system 200, a crushing system 300, a spiral anaerobic fermentation system 400, an oil-water separation system 500 and a sewage treatment system 600.
The sorting system 100 is used for sorting kitchen and fruit and vegetable garbage to sort coarse garbage and fine garbage containing organic components, wherein the diameter of the coarse garbage is larger than that of a sieve pore. In the embodiment of the present invention, the sorting system 100 includes a feeding port and four sorting mechanical arms, the feeding port is used for feeding kitchen and fruit and vegetable wastes, and the sorting mechanical arms are used for clamping and sorting different kitchen and fruit and vegetable wastes through different sorting mechanical arms, so as to finally screen the fine material wastes containing organic components.
Specifically, its effect diverse of four arms that letter sorting system 100 possessed, its each arm is in proper order on preceding arm sorts the basis after, further classify kitchen garbage, for example, arm 1's effect can be at first carry out preliminary classification to kitchen garbage, in some embodiments, it can pass through the high-efficient discernment rubbish kind of camera, in order to sort the great rubbish of volume, in order to reduce kitchen garbage's occupation volume, make things convenient for follow-up other arms to continue to sort, arm 2, arm 3 and arm 4 are then all on this basis, sort out the coarse fodder rubbish of sieve mesh diameter and the fine material rubbish that contains organic component, and carry out subsequent processing to fine material rubbish.
The discharge outlet of the sortation system 100 is connected to the discharge inlet of the press system 200.
The extrusion system 200 extrudes the fine garbage to separate liquid from the fine garbage, and the extruded fine garbage is divided into liquid fine garbage (oil-water garbage) and solid fine garbage. The pressing system 200 used in the embodiment of the present invention is a pressing system for garbage disposal that is commonly used in the art and will not be described herein.
One of the discharge ports of the extrusion system 200 is used for discharging solid fine waste and is connected to the discharge port of the pulverizing system 300. The crushing system 300 crushes the solid fine garbage, and the crushed garbage is subjected to fermentation treatment.
The crushing system 300 used in the embodiment of the present invention is also a crushing system for crushing garbage commonly used in the art, and will not be described herein again.
The discharge port of the crushing system 300 is connected with the discharge port of the spiral anaerobic fermentation system 400, and the spiral fermentation system 400 performs fermentation treatment on the crushed solid fine garbage by using self-cultured composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the compound anaerobic zymophyte is added at the initial stage of system start, the adding amount is 2 per mill of the weight of the kitchen waste, and the adding is stopped after the spiral fermentation system stably runs.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fermentation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria with a weight of 2 ‰ of the kitchen waste are added into the fermentation system, solid fine garbage enters from the lateral upper side of the fermentation system, and anaerobic fermentation is performed under the conditions that the fermentation temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the fermentation time is 11 days.
When the solid fine garbage and the composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria are fermented in the fermentation system, the fermentation system is operated according to the set fermentation temperature and time, the solid fine garbage and the composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria are mixed, and the mixed materials react in the fermentation system. Through initial fermentation, can degrade most in the solid fine material rubbish, continue the fermentation, can be with other fibre in the kitchen garbage again for example: the crude plant fiber and the like are completely degraded. Meanwhile, in the degradation process, the composite anaerobic zymophyte can kill harmful microorganisms and parasites parasitized in the solid fine garbage in a proper pH environment.
Gas generated in the fermentation process is discharged from the position right above the fermentation system for recycling, and then can be used for incineration power generation. And discharging the organic liquid fertilizer produced by fermentation from the position right below the fermentation system. In other embodiments, the fermentation temperature and fermentation time may be adjusted according to the actual fermentation conditions.
The other outlet of the squeezing system 200 is used for discharging liquid fine garbage and is connected with the discharge inlet of the oil-water separation system 500.
The oil-water separation system 500 performs oil-water separation on the liquid fine garbage, performs waste oil recovery on the separated oil, and performs sewage treatment on the separated wastewater. In one embodiment, the oil-water separation system is an oil-water separator, and the liquid fine garbage is impacted in the oil-water separator to separate water droplets and oil droplets under the action of centrifugal force and inertial force.
The discharge port of the sewage treatment system 600 is connected with the wastewater discharge port of the oil-water separation system 500, and the sewage treatment system 600 treats the separated wastewater to reach the wastewater discharge standard.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment system 600 uses self-cultured facultative kitchen wastewater treatment complex flora to treat wastewater after oil-water separation. Namely, the complex bacteria are added into the reactor for reaction so as to realize sewage treatment. The adopted treatment process comprises the following 3 parts, 1, anaerobic hydrolysis; 2. and 3, carrying out facultative reaction and an MBR (membrane bioreactor) process, wherein the final sludge concentration of the wastewater after the 3 processes is less than 13000mg/L, and the effluent quality can reach the standard of surface III class water.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the wastewater treatment is performed by the self-cultured facultative restaurant wastewater treatment complex bacteria, and the excess sludge is not generated in the wastewater treatment system 600, which is convenient and environment-friendly.
According to the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste, provided by the invention, each treatment system is in a modular design, the structure is compact, the occupied area is small, the kitchen waste is fermented by the composite anaerobic zymophyte to finally obtain the organic liquid fertilizer, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the investment and operation cost are low, the kitchen waste can be recycled to the maximum extent, meanwhile, harmlessness and reduction are realized, and the equipment level of the kitchen waste in China is improved.
In some embodiments, the method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste is controlled to operate by an automatic control system. Specifically, the automatic control system realizes the automatic control of the sorting system 100, the extrusion system 200, the crushing system 300, the spiral anaerobic fermentation system 400, the oil-water separation system 500 and the sewage treatment system 600 through a PLC automatic control cabinet, a process monitoring instrument and corresponding control software.
The invention also provides a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste, and particularly relates to fig. 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
310. and (3) sorting: and sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse material waste and fine material waste containing organic components.
320. And (3) extrusion process: and extruding the fine garbage in the step 310 to separate oil and water in the fine garbage, wherein the extruded fine garbage is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage.
330. And (3) crushing: the solid fine waste from step 320 is crushed.
340. And (3) fermentation process: and (3) fermenting the solid fine garbage crushed in the step (330) by using self-cultured composite anaerobic zymophyte in the spiral fermentation system to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
By applying the method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is fermented by the composite anaerobic zymophyte to finally obtain the organic liquid fertilizer, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the kitchen waste can be recycled to the maximum extent, and harmlessness and reduction are realized.
It should be understood that the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention may be equally replaced or changed by those skilled in the art, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) sorting: sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse material waste and fine material waste containing organic components;
(2) and (3) extrusion process: extruding the fine garbage obtained in the step (1) to separate oil and water in the fine garbage, wherein the extruded fine garbage is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage;
(3) and (3) crushing: crushing the solid fine garbage in the step (2);
(4) and (3) fermentation process: and (3) fermenting the solid fine garbage crushed in the step (3) by adopting self-cultured composite anaerobic zymophyte in the spiral fermentation system to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and (3) carrying out oil-water separation on the liquid fine garbage obtained in the step (2), carrying out waste oil recovery on the oil obtained after separation, and carrying out sewage treatment on the wastewater obtained after separation.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the sewage treatment is as follows:
and (3) sequentially performing anaerobic hydrolysis, facultative reaction and MBR treatment on the wastewater by adopting the self-cultured wastewater treatment composite flora so as to reach the sewage discharge standard.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and (4) recycling the gas generated in the fermentation process in the step (4).
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation treatment in the step (4) is carried out at a fermentation temperature of 35 to 40 ℃ for 11 days.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the feeding of the complex anaerobic fermentation bacteria to the spiral fermentation system during fermentation is performed in an amount of: 2 per mill of the weight of the kitchen waste; the adding time is as follows: and adding the mixture at the initial stage of starting the spiral fermentation system, and stopping adding the mixture after the spiral fermentation system stably runs.
7. The method of claim 4, further comprising: and (5) recovering the gas generated in the fermentation process in the step (5) and then using the recovered gas for incineration power generation.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation processes in the steps (1) to (4) are controlled by an automatic control system.
9. The utility model provides a system for liquid fertilizer of kitchen garbage preparation which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a sorting system, an extrusion system, a crushing system and a spiral anaerobic fermentation system;
the sorting system is used for sorting the kitchen waste to sort coarse waste with the diameter larger than the diameter of a sieve pore and fine waste containing organic components;
the discharge port of the sorting system is connected with the discharge port of the extrusion system, the extrusion system extrudes the fine garbage to separate oil and water in the fine garbage, and the fine garbage after extrusion is divided into liquid fine garbage and solid fine garbage;
the discharge port of the extrusion system is connected with the discharge port of the crushing system, the crushing system crushes the solid fine garbage, and the crushed garbage is fermented;
the discharge port of the crushing system is connected with the discharge port of the spiral anaerobic fermentation system, and the spiral fermentation system adopts self-cultured composite anaerobic fermentation bacteria to perform fermentation treatment on the crushed solid fine garbage to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising: and the automatic control system is respectively electrically connected with the sorting system, the extrusion system, the crushing system and the spiral anaerobic fermentation system, and is used for realizing automatic control on the system for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer from the kitchen waste.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010205653.9A CN111362734A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Method and system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010205653.9A CN111362734A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Method and system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste |
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| CN111362734A true CN111362734A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| CN202010205653.9A Pending CN111362734A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Method and system for preparing liquid organic fertilizer from kitchen waste |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111548201A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-18 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for preparing organic liquid fertilizer by desalting and degreasing kitchen waste |
| CN114904882A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-16 | 扬州金威环保科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste unitized treatment equipment |
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| KR20010047832A (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2001-06-15 | 추용 | Method of Producing Fertilizer using Food Garbage |
| CN202238856U (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-05-30 | 焦社杰 | Combined type modularized resource processing system for kitchen rubbish |
| CN102601101A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-25 | 北京中源创能工程技术有限公司 | Method for realizing innocent treatment and comprehensive utilization of kitchen waste |
| CN102690134A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-26 | 焦社杰 | Processing method and processing system for kitchen garbage resourcilization |
| CN102784795A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 北京世纪国瑞环境工程技术有限公司 | Kitchen waste resourceful utilization method |
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2020
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010047832A (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2001-06-15 | 추용 | Method of Producing Fertilizer using Food Garbage |
| CN102601101A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-25 | 北京中源创能工程技术有限公司 | Method for realizing innocent treatment and comprehensive utilization of kitchen waste |
| CN202238856U (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-05-30 | 焦社杰 | Combined type modularized resource processing system for kitchen rubbish |
| CN102690134A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-26 | 焦社杰 | Processing method and processing system for kitchen garbage resourcilization |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111548201A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-18 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for preparing organic liquid fertilizer by desalting and degreasing kitchen waste |
| CN114904882A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-16 | 扬州金威环保科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste unitized treatment equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |