CN112058854A - Kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system - Google Patents
Kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112058854A CN112058854A CN202010773485.3A CN202010773485A CN112058854A CN 112058854 A CN112058854 A CN 112058854A CN 202010773485 A CN202010773485 A CN 202010773485A CN 112058854 A CN112058854 A CN 112058854A
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010909 process residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kitchen waste dehydration composting process and a kitchen waste dehydration composting system, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment, wherein the kitchen waste dehydration composting process comprises the following steps: sorting according to quality, removing impurities from the mixed garbage, and sorting out kitchen garbage; carrying out solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste, crushing and extruding the kitchen waste, separating most of water, and generating solid residue and organic waste liquid; solid residue is transported and treated, the solid residue is transported by a compression truck, and the solid residue and garden garbage are composted together; degrading the organic waste liquid by using biological hydrolysis equipment. The invention can solve the problems that the kitchen waste organic wet garbage is easy to generate percolate in the compression and transportation process and pollutes the environment, and the problems of insufficient aeration and large rear-end wastewater treatment pressure caused by high water content in the aerobic composting process.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a kitchen garbage dehydration composting process and a kitchen garbage dehydration composting system.
Background
In the garbage classification rule, the kitchen garbage is mainly divided into: kitchen waste and other kitchen waste, food residues, food processing waste and the like generated in food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of enterprises and public institutions such as offices, troops, schools and the like engaged in catering business activities and enterprises engaged in catering business activities are kitchen waste with high organic matter components, and the other kitchen waste comprises kitchen waste generated by families, and wet waste such as fruits, vegetables, waste vegetable leaves and the like generated by business places such as trade markets, markets and the like. At present, the kitchen waste is treated mainly by anaerobic fermentation and aerobic composting in China, and the anaerobic fermentation and the aerobic composting can be carried out according to the components of the kitchen waste, wherein the kitchen waste with high organic matter components is suitable for anaerobic fermentation.
However, with the rapid progress of garbage classification work, the yield of organic wastes in China will rapidly rise, and mainly include garden garbage, garden green plant garbage, kitchen garbage, livestock and poultry manure and the like, and in regions where garbage classification is not widespread, the organic wastes are mainly mixed with a household garbage collection and transportation treatment system for mixed treatment. In the areas of refuse classification popularization or trial run, various treatment modes are explored, including a compost pool, a small-sized methane facility and the like, and partial areas adopt a first-level facility for centralized treatment by centralized collection and transportation to urban areas.
However, the above treatment methods have many limitations, especially for kitchen waste from household kitchen waste and trade markets, markets and other places, the water content is up to 90%, leachate is generated during transportation, the phenomenon of leakage is caused, and secondary pollution is easily caused; the organic matter content is lower than that of the kitchen waste, the methane yield is lower when the kitchen waste is sent to be subjected to anaerobic fermentation, and the biochemical treatment is not suitable; the problems of insufficient aeration, long running period, high rear-end wastewater treatment cost and the like easily caused by high water content in the aerobic composting process are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a kitchen waste dehydration composting process and a kitchen waste dehydration composting system, which are used for solving the problems of insufficient aeration, long operation period and high rear-end wastewater treatment cost caused by high water content of kitchen waste in the aerobic composting process.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention mainly provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kitchen waste dehydration composting process,
the kitchen waste dehydration composting process comprises the following steps: sorting according to quality, removing impurities from the recycled garbage, and sorting out kitchen garbage; solid-liquid separation, namely crushing and extruding kitchen waste to form solid residues and organic waste liquid; solid residue is transported and treated, the solid residue is transported by a compression truck, and the solid residue and garden garbage are composted together; and (3) degrading the organic waste liquid by using biological hydrolysis equipment.
The sorting by quality specifically comprises: and (3) sorting impurities of the mixed garbage by adopting a sorting machine, removing non-organic garbage, and conveying the sorted kitchen garbage into a hopper of a crusher for crushing treatment by using conveying equipment.
Specifically, the crusher crushes the kitchen waste into uniform particles with the particle size of 30mm by using a double-shearing principle in the process of crushing the kitchen waste.
Specifically, a pressure plate is arranged in the crusher and used for squeezing the sheared kitchen waste and separating partial water.
Specifically, during transportation, the solid residue is deodorized by photocatalysis and biological methods to maintain a negative pressure vacuum environment in the compression vehicle and prevent odor gas from escaping.
Specifically, the solid residue and garden garbage are composted in a synergistic manner, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: fermenting the solid residues and the garden garbage conveyed to a composting plant and crushed into strains in a strain machine by using a compression vehicle, mixing the strains with the materials, and performing membrane pile fermentation;
specifically, the organic waste liquid degradation treatment specifically comprises the following steps: precipitating, namely precipitating the organic waste liquid for 2-4 hours to remove solid residues to obtain upper-layer waste liquid; hydrolyzing, namely transferring the upper layer waste liquid to a hydrolysis tank of biological hydrolysis equipment, adding a high-activity hydrolytic microbial inoculum for degradation for 1-2 days, and introducing oxygen for 0.5-1 hour every 4-5 hours during degradation; and (5) detecting, namely detecting the PH value and the COD value of the degraded waste liquid, and discharging after reaching the standard.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a kitchen waste dewatering composting system, including: the sorting machine is used for removing impurities from the mixed garbage and sorting kitchen garbage; the crusher is used for crushing kitchen garbage and is provided with a pressure plate; a compression truck for transporting the solid residue to a composting plant; the composting equipment is used for mixing the solid residues and the garden garbage to form a film pile by utilizing composting strains; the biological hydrolysis equipment is used for degrading the organic waste liquid.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages:
according to the kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system provided by the embodiment of the invention, kitchen waste wet garbage can be subjected to on-site quality sorting and dehydration treatment, the risk of leakage of percolate in the transportation process is reduced, secondary pollution is prevented, and after on-site solid-liquid separation, wastewater is treated independently, so that the moisture content of materials is reduced, aeration in the composting process is promoted, the generation of wastewater in the composting process is reduced, the operation period is shortened, and the cost and pressure of rear-end sewage treatment are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for dehydrating and composting kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a kitchen garbage dewatering and composting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular system structures, interfaces, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kitchen waste dehydration composting process, and referring to fig. 1, the kitchen waste dehydration composting process mainly comprises the following steps: sorting according to quality, removing impurities from the mixed garbage, and sorting out kitchen garbage; carrying out solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste, crushing and extruding the kitchen waste, separating most of water, and generating solid residue and organic waste liquid; solid residue is transported and treated, the solid residue is transported by a compression truck, and the solid residue and garden garbage are composted together; the organic waste liquid is degraded, so that the generation of waste water in the composting process is reduced, the operation period is shortened, the rear-end sewage treatment cost and pressure are reduced, the water content of the material is reduced, and the aeration in the composting process is promoted.
Specifically, after organic wet garbage from household kitchen garbage, trade markets, markets and the like is sent to a treatment point for recycling, the garbage can is lifted by the weight-measuring lifting machine and is poured into the hopper of the sorting machine 7 reversely, and weighing is carried out while lifting. The materials entering the sorting machine 7, such as metal tableware, glass wine bottles, seasoning bottles, packaging bags and the like are manually sorted out. The sorted kitchen garbage is poured into a crusher to be crushed, and is crushed into uniform particles of 30mm by different cutter combinations and the double shearing principle. Wherein, in order to improve crushing ability, be provided with pressure flitch 5 in the breaker for squeeze kitchen garbage after the shearing, the separation part moisture. The solid residue after squeezing the breakage is discharged into by the discharge gate of breaker 1 and is connect feed bin 6, carries to the residue equipment of keeping in through the conveyer belt in, and the solid residue moisture content after squeezing reduces 50% ~ 60%, effectively reduces the production of filtration liquid in the transportation, avoids the waste liquid water clock to pollute the road surface, and through the solid residue volume reduction 50% after squeezing, is favorable to improving conveying efficiency, saves the cost of transportation.
Further, the solid residue after solid-liquid separation is transported by using a compression vehicle 2, and in the transportation process, the odor is removed by using photocatalysis and biological methods, and a negative pressure vacuum environment is maintained, so that the odor gas is prevented from escaping. The photocatalysis can use high-energy ozone UV ultraviolet light, and the biological method can adopt a composite microbial inoculum as a biological degradation microbial inoculum.
And (4) transporting the solid residues to a composting plant by using a compression vehicle, and composting the solid residues and the crushed garden garbage together.
Further, carrying out degradation treatment on the organic waste liquid by using biological hydrolysis equipment, precipitating the organic waste liquid for 2-4 hours to remove solid residues to obtain upper layer waste liquid, transferring the upper layer waste liquid to a hydrolysis tank of the biological hydrolysis equipment, adding a high-activity hydrolytic microbial inoculum for degradation for 1-2 days, introducing oxygen by using a pump for 0.5-1 hour every 4-5 hours during degradation, detecting the pH value of the waste water by using a pH test paper, and detecting the chemical oxygen consumption, namely the COD value, in the waste water, and discharging or recycling when the COD value meets the requirements.
In accordance with the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kitchen waste dewatering composting system, and referring to fig. 2, the system includes:
and the sorting machine 7 is used for removing impurities from the mixed garbage and sorting kitchen garbage.
The garbage crusher comprises a crusher 1, a pressure plate 5 and a material receiving bin 6, wherein the crusher is used for crushing kitchen garbage, and the pressure plate is used for squeezing the sheared kitchen garbage to separate solid and liquid so as to form solid residues and organic waste liquid, the solid residues are temporarily stored in the material receiving bin, and the organic waste liquid is hydrolyzed by a biological hydrolysis device 4;
a compression wagon 2 for transporting the solid residues to a composting plant;
the composting device 3 is arranged in a composting plant and comprises a strain culture device and a membrane pile device, wherein the strain culture device is used for generating composting strains, and the membrane pile device is used for mixing the solid residues and garden garbage by utilizing the composting strains.
And the biological hydrolysis equipment 4 is used for degrading the organic waste liquid.
The functions of each specific device are described above, and are not described in detail herein.
According to the kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system provided by the embodiment, kitchen waste wet garbage can be subjected to on-site quality sorting and solid-liquid separation, so that on-site reduction is completed, the water content of the kitchen waste wet garbage is reduced, the material volume is reduced, the risk of leakage of percolate in the transportation process is avoided, and secondary pollution is prevented; after the on-site solid-liquid separation, the organic wastewater is treated on site, so that on-site harmlessness is realized; the water content of the squeezed solid residue is reduced, so that the aeration in the composting process is promoted, the fermentation period and the cost are reduced, the generation of waste water in the composting process is reduced, and the cost and the pressure of rear-end sewage treatment are reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The kitchen waste dehydration composting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sorting according to quality, removing impurities from the recycled garbage, and sorting out kitchen garbage;
solid-liquid separation, namely crushing and extruding kitchen waste to form solid residues and organic waste liquid;
solid residue is transported and treated, the solid residue is transported by a compression truck, and the solid residue and garden garbage are composted together;
and (3) degrading the organic waste liquid by using biological hydrolysis equipment.
2. The kitchen waste dehydration composting process of claim 1 wherein said sorting by quality specifically comprises: and (3) sorting impurities of the mixed garbage by adopting a sorting machine, removing non-organic garbage, and conveying the sorted kitchen garbage into a hopper of a crusher for crushing treatment by using conveying equipment.
3. The kitchen waste dehydration and composting process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the crusher crushes the kitchen waste into uniform particles with a particle size of 30mm by using the double shearing principle in crushing the kitchen waste.
4. The kitchen waste dehydration and composting process as claimed in claim 2, wherein a pressing plate is arranged in the crusher for pressing the sheared kitchen waste to separate a part of water.
5. The kitchen waste dehydration composting process of claim 1 wherein the solid residue is transported using photocatalysis and biological deodorization to maintain a negative vacuum environment in the compression car to prevent the escape of odorous gases.
6. The kitchen waste dehydration composting process of claim 1 wherein the solid residue and garden waste are composted in coordination, specifically comprising:
and (3) fermenting the solid residues and the garden garbage conveyed to a composting plant and crushed into strains in a strain machine by using a compression vehicle, mixing the strains with the materials, and performing membrane pile fermentation.
7. The kitchen waste dehydration composting process of claim 1 wherein the organic waste liquid degradation treatment specifically comprises:
precipitating, namely precipitating the organic waste liquid for 2-4 hours to remove solid residues to obtain upper-layer waste liquid;
hydrolyzing, namely transferring the upper layer waste liquid to a hydrolysis tank of biological hydrolysis equipment, adding a high-activity hydrolytic microbial inoculum for degradation for 1-2 days, and introducing oxygen for 0.5-1 hour every 4-5 hours during degradation;
and (5) detecting, namely detecting the PH value and the COD value of the degraded waste liquid, and discharging after reaching the standard.
8. A kitchen waste dewatering composting system, the system comprising:
the sorting machine is used for removing impurities from the mixed garbage and sorting kitchen garbage;
the crusher is used for crushing kitchen garbage and is provided with a pressure plate;
a compression truck for transporting the solid residue to a composting plant;
the composting equipment is used for mixing the solid residues and the garden garbage to form a film pile by utilizing composting strains;
the biological hydrolysis equipment is used for degrading the organic waste liquid.
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| CN202010773485.3A CN112058854A (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system |
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| CN202010773485.3A CN112058854A (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Kitchen waste dehydration composting process and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112592213A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江丽庭环境科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for aerobic fermentation and reduction of kitchen waste in whole process |
| TWI818775B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-11 | 龍華科技大學 | A method of using compost and food waste to make packaging materials |
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