CN111187708A - Kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system - Google Patents
Kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system which comprises a kitchen waste storage bin, a kitchen waste sorting device, a crushing device, a heating device, a three-phase oil-water separation device, a grease extraction raw material storage tank, a kitchen residue storage bin, a kitchen liquid cache tank, a material mixing tank, a low organic matter content waste storage bin, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a biogas slurry deep treatment system and a biogas purification system. The system adopts advanced technical means such as anaerobic digestion, alkali feeding technology, flocculation technology, separation technology, membrane treatment technology and the like to 'eat and dry and press clean' the materials, thereby really achieving zero emission of the biogas engineering; the method not only realizes the recycling and reduction of wastes and pollutants, but also realizes the harmless and stable cyclic utilization, and provides technical support for protecting the ecological environment. The system of the invention is suitable for being used in large, medium and small-sized biogas projects.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to a comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas by combining kitchen garbage, sludge and the like through anaerobic fermentation.
Background art:
the kitchen waste is the most important one of food waste, and comprises food processing leftovers (kitchen waste) and edible residues (swill) generated in families, schools, dining halls, catering industries and the like. It is a complex composition, mainly a mixture of oil, water, pericarp, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bone, and waste tableware, plastics, paper towels, etc. The quantity of kitchen waste in China is very large and is in a rapid rising trend. The kitchen waste is easy to rot and deteriorate, emits foul smell, spreads bacteria and viruses, and pollutes the environment, so that how to properly and reasonably treat the kitchen waste becomes a hot point problem concerned by people. The kitchen waste is rich in organic matters and is easy to biodegrade, is a precious renewable resource, can be converted into clean energy biogas by an anaerobic fermentation technology, and has very important practical significance for solving the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution and energy crisis of the kitchen waste in China.
However, due to the high organic matter content of the kitchen waste, the content of volatile acid is easily over high in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation process is easily acidified, the anaerobic fermentation process is not facilitated, and the methane yield is low.
Low organic content waste such as: the quantity of animal excrement urine, domestic sludge, crop straws, waste fruits and vegetables is very large, and NH is easily generated during single anaerobic digestion due to low organic matter content and C/N value when the animal excrement urine, the domestic sludge, the crop straws, the waste fruits and vegetables and the like are treated in an anaerobic fermentation mode3The problem of N inhibition, the anaerobic fermentation process is not easy to carry out, and the biogas yield is low.
The combined anaerobic digestion process is commonly used in China and has great economic benefit, but the reality of 'heavy water light mud' and 'heavy gas light water' is also common. Persistent organic matters and pollutants are transferred to land from sewage, and the biogas slurry is not deeply processed, so that the pollutants are further diffused, the environment emission reduction benefit of the constructed and input biogas project is greatly reduced, and a large amount of concentrated secondary pollutants are generated in biogas residues and biogas slurry. In the treatment process of the biogas slurry, the pH value is increased to 10-12 by an alkali adding process, so that most heavy metals generate hydroxide precipitates. However, the heavy metal ions are precipitated into the biogas residues without earlier precipitation separation, so that the heavy metal ions in the biogas residues exceed the standard and cannot be effectively utilized, the biogas residues can only be treated in a landfill mode or incineration treatment, and the incineration of the biogas residues generates dioxin gas, so that air pollution is caused. The biogas residues are treated in a landfill mode, so that land is occupied, and the risk of land pollution exists.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a comprehensive utilization system for preparing methane by combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like, which not only realizes full recycling and reduction of the kitchen waste, the sludge, the straw and other wastes, but also realizes harmless and stable cyclic utilization.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system comprises a kitchen waste storage bin, a kitchen waste sorting device, a crushing device, a heating device, a three-phase oil-water separation device, a grease extraction raw material storage tank, a kitchen residue storage bin, a kitchen liquid cache tank, a material mixing tank, a low organic matter content waste storage bin, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a biogas slurry deep treatment system and a biogas purification system;
the discharge hole of the kitchen waste bin is connected with the feed hole of the kitchen waste sorting device; a first material outlet of the kitchen waste sorting device is connected with a feed inlet of the crushing device, the discharge hole of the crushing device is connected with the feed inlet of the heating device, the discharge hole of the heating device is connected with the feed inlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device, the grease substance outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the grease extraction raw material storage tank, the kitchen residue outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen residue storage bin, the kitchen liquid outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen liquid cache tank, the discharge hole of the kitchen liquid buffer tank and the discharge hole of the low organic matter content waste storage bin are both connected with the feed inlet of the material mixing tank, the discharge hole of the material mixing tank is connected with the feed inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the methane outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the inlet of a crude methane storage tank of the methane purification system; and a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with an inlet of a biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device of the biogas slurry advanced treatment system.
Specifically, the kitchen waste sorting device is an automatic kitchen waste sorting machine.
Specifically, the crushing device is a crusher.
Specifically, the heating device is a heating tank.
Specifically, the three-phase oil-water separation device is an oil-water-residue three-phase separator.
Specifically, the biogas slurry advanced treatment system comprises the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device, an alkali adding tank, a flocculating agent tank, a biogas slurry flocculation tank, a horizontal spiral discharge and sedimentation centrifuge, a sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a first high-pressure pump, a nanofiltration assembly, a second high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis assembly, a concentrated liquid tank, a standard returning water storage tank, a flushing liquid tank, a biogas residue storage bin and a dehydration and drying device;
the discharge port of the alkali adding tank is connected with the drug adding port of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device, the precipitate outlet of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device is connected with the inlet of the dehydration drying device, and the dehydrated water outlet of the dehydration drying device is connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank; the liquid outlet of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device and the outlet of the flocculant tank are both connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank, the outlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank is connected with the inlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge, the biogas residue outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge is connected with the inlet of the biogas residue storage bin, the clear liquid outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge is connected with the inlet of the sand filter, the outlet of the sand filter is connected with the inlet of the activated carbon filter, the outlet of the activated carbon filter is connected with the inlet of the first high-pressure pump, the outlet of the first high-pressure pump is connected with the inlet of the nanofiltration component, the concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration component is connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank, the water production outlet of the nanofiltration component is connected with the inlet of the second high-pressure pump, and the outlet of the second high-pressure pump is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis component, a water production outlet of the reverse osmosis component is connected with an inlet of the standard returning water storage tank, and a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis component is connected with an inlet of the concentrated liquid tank; and the water outlet of the flushing liquid tank is respectively connected with the back flushing water inlet of the sand filter, the back flushing water inlet of the activated carbon filter, the back flushing water inlet of the nanofiltration component and the back flushing water inlet of the reverse osmosis component.
Specifically, the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device comprises an aeration tank and a precipitation tank, wherein an outlet of the aeration tank is connected with an inlet of the precipitation tank, a discharge hole of the alkali adding tank is connected with a chemical adding hole of the precipitation tank, a precipitate outlet of the precipitation tank is connected with an inlet of a dehydration and drying device, and a liquid outlet of the precipitation tank is connected with a liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank; and the flushing liquid outlet of the sand filter, the flushing liquid outlet of the activated carbon filter, the flushing liquid outlet of the nanofiltration component and the flushing liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis component are all connected with the inlet of the settling tank.
Specifically, the dehydration drying device is any one of a sludge press dryer, a sludge dehydrator or a plate-and-frame filter press.
Specifically, the outlet of the standard returning water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the flushing liquid tank.
The biogas purification system comprises a crude biogas storage tank, a double-membrane gas holder, biogas desulfurization equipment, biogas impurity removal equipment and biogas membrane method purification equipment, wherein a biogas outlet of the crude biogas storage tank is connected with an inlet of the double-membrane gas holder, and an outlet of the double-membrane gas holder is connected with an inlet of the biogas desulfurization equipment;
the biogas impurity removing equipment comprises a coarse filter, a cold dryer, a fine filter and a Roots blower which are connected in sequence; the inlet of the coarse filter is connected with the outlet of the biogas desulfurization equipment;
the biogas membrane method purification equipment comprises an electric heater, a piston compressor, a hollow fiber membrane separation device, a natural gas booster and a gas storage steel cylinder which are sequentially connected, wherein the inlet of the electric heater is connected with the outlet of the Roots blower.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the system can realize the combined anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and one or more than one of activated sludge, straw powder, animal manure, bran, mushroom slag, fruits and vegetables, slaughter waste and the like, and solves the problems of acidification and NH3The problem of N inhibition, which improves the stability of the system, at the same time, the efficiency of anaerobic digestion and the methane yield;
(2) the separated biogas slurry is treated by membrane technologies such as sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and the like, various suspended matters, microorganisms and fine particles, residual chlorine macromolecular organic matters, odor, dissolved salt, colloid, bacteria, viruses and the like in the biogas slurry are trapped in a concentrated solution, so that discharged water is colorless and odorless and reaches the standard and is returned to the field, and the separated biogas slurry is used for farmland irrigation, forest greening landscape, washing a sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a nanofiltration assembly and a reverse osmosis assembly and saving water resources;
(3) according to the invention, through an alkali adding process, most heavy metal ions are precipitated and separated into hydroxides, and then are adsorbed and filtered by a sand filter and an active carbon filter to further remove heavy metals, so that the concentrated solution obtained subsequently can be used as a raw material for preparing solid or liquid organic fertilizers, thereby effectively utilizing the heavy metals and avoiding the environment pollution caused by the discharge of the heavy metals which exceed the standard and cannot be used as fertilizers. The decrement of the biogas slurry after treatment can reach 75 percent, and the subsequently prepared organic liquid fertilizer is an organic fertilizer with good effects in forest lands and grasslands, is a high-quality modifier for saline-alkali lands, and achieves the effects of harmlessness, decrement and stabilization;
(4) the system is suitable for large, medium and small-sized biogas projects; the comprehensive utilization and treatment mode of biogas slurry and biogas residues has positive promotion effect on the development of biogas engineering;
(5) the system adopts advanced technical means such as anaerobic digestion, alkali feeding technology, flocculation technology, separation technology, membrane treatment technology, solar heat pump technology, horizontal pipe membrane spraying evaporation technology and the like to 'eat and squeeze the materials completely', thereby really achieving zero emission of the biogas engineering;
(6) the system effectively reduces the heavy metal exceeding of the biogas slurry and the biogas residues, takes the biogas slurry and the biogas residues as organic fertilizer raw materials, improves the safety of solid organic fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, liquid compound fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer and the like, realizes harmless treatment, and promotes the industrialization of the biogas slurry;
(7) the system not only realizes the recycling and reduction of wastes and pollutants, but also realizes the harmless and stable cyclic utilization, and provides technical support for protecting the ecological environment.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas by combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas by combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like.
Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a biogas slurry advanced treatment system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a biogas purification system.
The device comprises a kitchen waste storage bin 1, a kitchen waste sorting device 2, a crushing device 3, a heating device 4, a three-phase oil-water separation device 5, a grease extraction raw material storage tank 6, a kitchen residue storage bin 7, a kitchen liquid cache tank 8, a material mixing tank 9, a low organic content waste storage bin 10, an anaerobic fermentation tank 11, a biogas slurry deep treatment system 12, a biogas purification system 13, an alkali adding tank 12-1, a flocculating agent tank 12-2, a biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3, a horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge 12-4, a sand filter 12-5, an active carbon filter 12-6, a first high-pressure pump 12-7, a nanofiltration component 12-8, a second high-pressure pump 12-9, a reverse osmosis component 12-10, a concentration liquid tank 12-11, a returning water storage tank 12-12, a flushing liquid tank 12-13, a biogas residue storage bin 12-14, a returning water storage tank 12-, 12-15 parts of dehydration drying device, 12-16 parts of aeration tank, 12-17 parts of settling tank, 13-1 parts of crude methane storage tank, 13-2 parts of double-membrane gas holder, 13-3 parts of methane desulfurization equipment, 13-4 parts of methane impurity removal equipment, 13-4.1 parts of crude filter, 13-4.2 parts of freeze dryer, 13-4.3 parts of fine filter, 13-4.4 parts of Roots blower, 13-5 parts of methane membrane method purification equipment, 13-5.1 parts of electric heater, 13-5.2 parts of piston compressor, 13-5.3 parts of hollow fiber membrane separation device, 13-5.4 parts of natural gas booster and 13-5.5 parts of gas storage steel cylinder.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1: the kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system comprises a kitchen waste storage bin 1, a kitchen waste sorting device 2, a crushing device 3, a heating device 4, a three-phase oil-water separation device 5, a grease extraction raw material storage tank 6, a kitchen residue storage bin 7, a kitchen liquid cache tank 8, a material mixing tank 9, a low organic matter content waste storage bin 10, an anaerobic fermentation tank 11, a biogas slurry deep treatment system 12 and a biogas purification system 13; kitchen garbage sorting device 2 chooses for use the kitchen garbage automatic sorting machine of last seas source environment science and technology limited company production in this embodiment, and the product model is: wy-fj; the crushing device 3 is a crusher, and a double-shaft shear type crusher produced by Jiepu Intelligent production environmental protection technology Limited is selected in the embodiment; the heating device 4 is a heating tank; the three-phase oil-water separating device 5 is an oil-water residue three-phase separator. In this embodiment, an oil-water-residue three-phase separator manufactured by suzhou younaite machinery manufacturing limited company is used, and the working power supply: 380V; treatment capacity: 5-10 cubic/hour; motor power: 55 KW; the production mode is as follows: and (4) continuous.
A discharge hole of the kitchen waste storage bin 1 is connected with a feed hole of the kitchen waste sorting device 2; the first material outlet of the kitchen waste sorting device 2 is connected with the feed inlet of the crushing device 3, the discharge outlet of the crushing device 3 is connected with the feed inlet of the heating device 4, the discharge outlet of the heating device 4 is connected with the feed inlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device 5, the grease substance outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device 5 is connected with the feed inlet of the grease extraction raw material storage tank 6, the kitchen residue outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device 5 is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen residue storage bin 7, the kitchen liquid outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device 5 is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen liquid cache tank 8, the discharge outlet of the kitchen liquid cache tank 8 and the discharge outlet of the low organic matter content waste storage bin 10 are both connected with the feed inlet of the material mixing tank 9, the discharge outlet of the material mixing tank 9 is connected with the feed inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank 11. The biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank 11 is connected with the inlet of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device of the biogas slurry advanced treatment system 12.
The kitchen liquid and the low organic matter content waste are subjected to combined anaerobic fermentation, the kitchen waste is used as a master batch, and the kitchen waste and one or more of the activated sludge, the straw powder, the animal manure, the bran, the mushroom residue, the fruit and vegetable, the slaughter waste and the like can be subjected to combined anaerobic fermentation, and different material proportions are different. When the anaerobic combination is used, the fermentation time is different due to different combination substances, and the gas is generated in about 12 to 20 days generally.
The plastic and wood materials separated by the automatic kitchen waste sorting machine are subjected to incineration treatment, and the separated waste metals are recycled.
Kitchen residues and biogas residues separated from kitchen liquid after fermentation are separated by an oil-water-residue three-phase separator, and organic materials in a certain proportion are added: straw or bran or mushroom sticks, animal manure, organic corrosive or functional microbial inoculum, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the like; then producing the biological organic fertilizer by composting and aerobic fermentation, wherein different elements are added for different plants. The bio-organic fertilizer is dried by utilizing the waste heat of a generator or a solar heat pump technology and then packaged for sale; the grease substance separated by the oil-water-residue three-phase separator is used as a raw material for preparing the biodiesel.
The biogas slurry advanced treatment system 12 comprises a biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device, an alkali adding tank 12-1, a flocculating agent tank 12-2, a biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3, a horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge 12-4, a sand filter 12-5, an activated carbon filter 12-6, a first high-pressure pump 12-7, a nanofiltration component 12-8, a second high-pressure pump 12-9, a reverse osmosis component 12-10, a concentrated liquid tank 12-11, a standard returning water storage tank 12-12, a flushing liquid tank 12-13, a biogas residue storage bin 12-14 and a dehydration drying device 12-15;
the biogas slurry aeration and sedimentation device comprises aeration tanks 12-16 and sedimentation tanks 12-17, wherein the outlets of the aeration tanks 12-16 are connected with the inlets of the sedimentation tanks 12-17; the discharge port of the alkali adding tank 12-1 is connected with the medicine adding port of the precipitation tank 12-17; a precipitate outlet of the settling tank 12-17 is connected with an inlet of a dehydration drying device 12-15, and a dehydrated water outlet of the dehydration drying device 12-15 is connected with a liquid inlet of a biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3; the liquid outlet of the settling tank 12-17 and the outlet of the flocculating agent tank 12-2 are both connected with the liquid inlet of a biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3, the outlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3 is connected with the inlet of a horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge 12-4, the biogas residue outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge 12-4 is connected with the inlet of a biogas residue storage bin 12-14, the clear liquid outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge 12-4 is connected with the inlet of a sand filter 12-5, the outlet of the sand filter 12-5 is connected with the inlet of an active carbon filter 12-6, the outlet of the active carbon filter 12-6 is connected with the inlet of a first high-pressure pump 12-7, the outlet of the first high-pressure pump 12-7 is connected with the inlet of a nanofiltration component 12-8, the concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration component 12-8 is connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3, the concentrated solution intercepted by nanofiltration returns to the biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3 for flocculation again, and then is subjected to series water treatment. A water outlet of the nanofiltration component 12-8 is connected with an inlet of a second high-pressure pump 12-9, an outlet of the second high-pressure pump 12-9 is connected with an inlet of a reverse osmosis component 12-10, a water outlet of the reverse osmosis component 12-10 is connected with an inlet of a standard returning water storage tank 12-12, and a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis component 12-10 is connected with an inlet of a concentrated solution tank 12-11; the water outlet of the flushing liquid tank 12-13 is respectively connected with the back flush water inlet of the sand filter 12-5, the back flush water inlet of the activated carbon filter 12-6, the back flush water inlet of the nanofiltration component 12-8 and the back flush water inlet of the reverse osmosis component 12-10. The outlet of the standard reaching returning water storage tank 12-12 is connected with the inlet of the flushing liquid tank 12-13. And the backwashing ensures the passing rates of the sand filter 12-5, the activated carbon filter 12-6, the nanofiltration component 12-8 and the reverse osmosis component 12-10, the facilities are cleaned, the cleaning solution contains more impurities and contains alkali solution, and the cleaning solution returns to the settling tank 12-17 of the biogas slurry aeration settling device again for biogas slurry treatment.
The flushing liquid outlet of the sand filter 12-5, the flushing liquid outlet of the activated carbon filter 12-6, the flushing liquid outlet of the nanofiltration component 12-8 and the flushing liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis component 12-10 are all connected with the inlet of the sedimentation tank 12-17.
12-4 horizontal spiral discharge settling centrifuge with equivalent diameter of solid phase particles of 3 μm, weight concentration ratio of 10% or volume concentration of 70%, and liquid-solid specific gravity difference of 0.05g/cm3The various suspensions have better separation effect.
Timely aeration converts ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, and aeration oxygen supply obviously accelerates pollutants to be decomposed into CO2And H2O。
An alkali adding tank 12-1 is used for adding a proper amount of alkali liquor (which can be sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or lime aqueous solution) into a settling tank 12-17, and the pH value of the biogas slurry is adjusted to 10-12, so that the subsequent flocculant polyacrylamide is facilitated to carry out flocculation and precipitation by using calcium ions, and a plurality of heavy metals mainly exist in the aqueous solution as cations, and heavy metal hydroxide precipitates are formed in a strong alkali environment, are sucked out by a slurry pump along with precipitated sludge and gravel and are sent into a dehydration drying device 12-15, and are subjected to dehydration drying by the dehydration drying device 12-15 and then are buried or burned.
The method is characterized in that a polyacrylamide ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% in a flocculating agent tank 12-2 is added into a biogas slurry flocculation tank 12-3, and the amount of a polyacrylamide ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% in each ton of biogas slurry is not more than 5kg, so that the optimal flocculation state is achieved, impurities can be effectively and rapidly flocculated, the impurities are thoroughly separated, and the biogas slurry treatment rate and effect are improved.
In the embodiment, the filter material of the sand filter 12-5 is quartz sand, anthracite, volcanic rock and the like, the pH value adaptation range is 2-13, the filtering precision of the sand filter 12-5 is 50 microns generally, and suspended matters, organic matters, colloidal particles, microorganisms, chlorine, odor, part of metal ions and the like in the water can be effectively intercepted.
In the embodiment, the activated carbon filter 12-6 can decolor and deodorize, absorb soluble organic matters, colloid, residual chlorine and adsorb metal ions by removing pollutants in water by utilizing the adsorption function of activated carbon, and meanwhile, the activated carbon filter 12-6 can ensure that the nanofiltration component 12-8 and the reverse osmosis component 12-10 are not poisoned and polluted by free residual chlorine to be ineffective.
Heavy metals are removed through adsorption and filtration of the sand filter 12-5 and the activated carbon filter 12-6, so that the concentrated solution obtained subsequently can be used as a raw material for preparing solid or liquid organic fertilizer, thereby being effectively utilized and avoiding environment pollution caused by discharge of heavy metals which exceed standards and cannot be used as fertilizer. The decrement of the biogas slurry after treatment can reach 75%, and the subsequently prepared organic liquid fertilizer is an organic fertilizer with good effects in forest lands and grasslands, is a high-quality modifier for saline-alkali lands, and achieves the effects of harmlessness, decrement and stabilization.
In this embodiment, the aeration tanks 12 to 16 may be conventional tanks, and the aeration head may be a microporous tower aerator equipped with a screw air compressor.
In the embodiment, the settling tank 12-17 is a conical tank with a stirrer, the stirrer works during charging, when the pH value reaches 10-12, the stirrer stops working, the mixture stands for 30-60 minutes to precipitate gravel and heavy metal compounds, then the supernatant is conveyed into the flocculating agent tank 12-2, and the precipitated activated sludge is pumped into the dehydration drying device 12-15 by a sludge pump.
In this embodiment, the dewatering and drying devices 12-15 are sludge press-drying machines, and can also be sludge dewatering machines or plate-and-frame filter presses.
The separated biogas slurry is processed by membrane technologies such as sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and the like, various suspended matters, microorganisms and fine particles, residual chlorine macromolecular organic matters, odor, dissolved salt, colloid, bacteria, viruses and the like in the biogas slurry are intercepted in concentrated solution, so that discharged water is colorless and odorless and reaches the standard and is returned to the field for farmland irrigation and forest land greening landscape, and is used for washing a sand filter 12-5, an activated carbon filter 12-6, a nanofiltration assembly 12-8 and a reverse osmosis assembly 12-10, thereby saving water resources.
And concentrating the reverse osmosis concentrated solution by using the waste heat of a generator or a horizontal pipe film-spraying evaporator of a fuel gas heat source, adding other nutrient elements, humic acid, amino acid and the like into the produced concentrated solution to produce an organic liquid fertilizer, inputting the organic liquid fertilizer into a storage tank, subpackaging and selling the organic liquid fertilizer, and being used for greening fertilization of forest lands and composting or leaf fertilizer of vegetables.
The biogas purification system 13 comprises a crude biogas storage tank 13-1, a double-membrane gas holder 13-2, biogas desulfurization equipment 13-3, biogas impurity removal equipment 13-4 and biogas membrane method purification equipment 13-5, wherein a biogas outlet of the crude biogas storage tank 13-1 is connected with an inlet of the double-membrane gas holder 13-2, and an outlet of the double-membrane gas holder 13-2 is connected with an inlet of the biogas desulfurization equipment 13-3.
Wherein, the marsh gas impurity removing equipment 13-4 comprises a coarse filter 13-4.1, a cold dryer 13-4.2, a fine filter 13-4.3 and a Roots blower 13-4.4 which are connected in sequence; the inlet of the coarse filter 13-4.1 is connected with the outlet of the biogas desulfurization equipment 13-3;
the methane membrane method purification equipment 13-5 comprises an electric heater 13-5.1, a piston compressor 13-5.2, a hollow fiber membrane separation device 13-5.3, a natural gas booster 13-5.4 and a gas storage steel cylinder 13-5.5 which are connected in sequence, wherein the inlet of the electric heater 13-5.1 is connected with the outlet of a Roots blower 13-4.4;
in this embodiment, the coarse filter 13-4.1 is a stainless steel wire mesh filter, and the aperture of the steel wire mesh in the coarse filter 13-4.1 is 0.074 mm. The model of the cold dryer 13-4.2 is KDL-4F, the flow is 40m3/h, and the dew point of the outlet gas is 2-10 ℃. The model of the fine filter 13-4.3 is SNG-6, the brand is tin-free enoxate, and the filtering precision is 0.02 mm. The brand of the Roots blower 13-4.4 is not limited, the flow is 40m3/h, and the maximum outlet pressure is 12 kpa. In this embodiment, the devices in the biogas purification system 13 are connected in series in sequence by pipelines. The marsh gas is treated by marsh gas desulfurization equipment 13-3 and marsh gas impurity removal equipment 13-4 and then enters marsh gas membrane method purification equipment 13-5. In the biogas membrane method purification equipment 13-5, the brand of the electric heater 13-5.1 is Zhenjiangshu, model number BGY45, and the outlet gas temperature is 80 ℃. The piston compressor 13-5.2 is a Union compressor of Union. The brand of the hollow fiber membrane separation device 13-5.3 is not limited, the hollow fiber membrane is made of polyimide, and the pressure range is 1.5MPa-2.0 MPa. The natural gas booster 13-5.4 is branded vitkovice, model CNG FS. The pressure bearing pressure of the gas storage steel cylinder is 13-5.5 MPa. After being treated by the methane membrane method purification equipment 13-5, the methane in the methane is separated and purified, and the concentration of the methane in the purified gas can reach more than 90%. The gas can be compressed into a gas storage steel cylinder 13-5.5 for transportation through a natural gas booster 13-5.3.
All devices with reference signs in the comprehensive utilization system for preparing methane by combining anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like can be the existing products sold in the market.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising a kitchen waste storage bin, a kitchen waste sorting device, a crushing device, a heating device, a three-phase oil-water separation device, a grease extraction raw material storage tank, a kitchen residue storage bin, a kitchen liquid cache tank, a material mixing tank, a low organic matter content waste storage bin, an anaerobic fermentation tank, a biogas slurry deep treatment system and a biogas purification system;
the discharge hole of the kitchen waste bin is connected with the feed hole of the kitchen waste sorting device; a first material outlet of the kitchen waste sorting device is connected with a feed inlet of the crushing device, the discharge hole of the crushing device is connected with the feed inlet of the heating device, the discharge hole of the heating device is connected with the feed inlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device, the grease substance outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the grease extraction raw material storage tank, the kitchen residue outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen residue storage bin, the kitchen liquid outlet of the three-phase oil-water separation device is connected with the feed inlet of the kitchen liquid cache tank, the discharge hole of the kitchen liquid buffer tank and the discharge hole of the low organic matter content waste storage bin are both connected with the feed inlet of the material mixing tank, the discharge hole of the material mixing tank is connected with the feed inlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the methane outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the inlet of a crude methane storage tank of the methane purification system; and a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with an inlet of a biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device of the biogas slurry advanced treatment system.
2. The comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste and sludge and the like according to claim 1, characterized in that the kitchen waste sorting device is an automatic kitchen waste sorting machine.
3. The comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing device is a crusher.
4. The comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a heating tank.
5. The comprehensive utilization system for preparing biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, sludge and the like according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-phase oil-water separation device is an oil-water-residue three-phase separator.
6. The system for comprehensively utilizing the kitchen waste and sludge through combined anaerobic fermentation to prepare biogas according to claim 1, wherein the biogas slurry advanced treatment system comprises a biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device, an alkali adding tank, a flocculating agent tank, a biogas slurry flocculation tank, a horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge, a sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a first high-pressure pump, a nanofiltration assembly, a second high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis assembly, a concentrated liquid tank, a standard returning water storage tank, a flushing liquid tank, a biogas residue storage bin and a dehydration and drying device;
the discharge port of the alkali adding tank is connected with the drug adding port of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device, the precipitate outlet of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device is connected with the inlet of the dehydration drying device, and the dehydrated water outlet of the dehydration drying device is connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank; the liquid outlet of the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device and the outlet of the flocculant tank are both connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank, the outlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank is connected with the inlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge, the biogas residue outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge is connected with the inlet of the biogas residue storage bin, the clear liquid outlet of the horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge is connected with the inlet of the sand filter, the outlet of the sand filter is connected with the inlet of the activated carbon filter, the outlet of the activated carbon filter is connected with the inlet of the first high-pressure pump, the outlet of the first high-pressure pump is connected with the inlet of the nanofiltration component, the concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration component is connected with the liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank, the water production outlet of the nanofiltration component is connected with the inlet of the second high-pressure pump, and the outlet of the second high-pressure pump is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis component, a water production outlet of the reverse osmosis component is connected with an inlet of the standard returning water storage tank, and a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis component is connected with an inlet of the concentrated liquid tank; and the water outlet of the flushing liquid tank is respectively connected with the back flushing water inlet of the sand filter, the back flushing water inlet of the activated carbon filter, the back flushing water inlet of the nanofiltration component and the back flushing water inlet of the reverse osmosis component.
7. The system for comprehensively utilizing the kitchen waste, sludge and the like for preparing the biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation according to claim 6, wherein the biogas slurry aeration and precipitation device comprises an aeration tank and a precipitation tank, an outlet of the aeration tank is connected with an inlet of the precipitation tank, a discharge hole of the alkali adding tank is connected with a chemical adding port of the precipitation tank, a precipitate outlet of the precipitation tank is connected with an inlet of a dehydration and drying device, and a liquid outlet of the precipitation tank is connected with a liquid inlet of the biogas slurry flocculation tank; and the flushing liquid outlet of the sand filter, the flushing liquid outlet of the activated carbon filter, the flushing liquid outlet of the nanofiltration component and the flushing liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis component are all connected with the inlet of the settling tank.
8. The system for comprehensively utilizing kitchen waste and sludge through combined anaerobic fermentation to prepare biogas according to claim 6, wherein the dehydration drying device is any one of a sludge press dryer, a sludge dehydrator or a plate-and-frame filter press.
9. The system for comprehensively utilizing kitchen waste, sludge and the like for preparing biogas through combined anaerobic fermentation according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein an outlet of the standard returning water storage tank is connected with an inlet of the flushing liquid tank.
10. The kitchen waste and sludge combined anaerobic fermentation biogas comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the biogas purification system comprises a crude biogas storage tank, a double-membrane gas holder, a biogas desulfurization device, a biogas impurity removal device and a biogas membrane method purification device, wherein a biogas outlet of the crude biogas storage tank is connected with an inlet of the double-membrane gas holder, and an outlet of the double-membrane gas holder is connected with an inlet of the biogas desulfurization device;
the biogas impurity removing equipment comprises a coarse filter, a cold dryer, a fine filter and a Roots blower which are connected in sequence; the inlet of the coarse filter is connected with the outlet of the biogas desulfurization equipment;
the biogas membrane method purification equipment comprises an electric heater, a piston compressor, a hollow fiber membrane separation device, a natural gas booster and a gas storage steel cylinder which are sequentially connected, wherein the inlet of the electric heater is connected with the outlet of the Roots blower.
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| CN112108484A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-22 | 上海扬升生态农业有限公司 | Environment-friendly garbage treatment method for smart city |
| CN112547758A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 陆良中金环保科技有限公司 | Combined process for harmlessly treating vegetable leaf/fruit and vegetable garbage and recycling |
| CN113511925A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-19 | 淮阴工学院 | Kitchen waste recycling treatment system and treatment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112108484A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-22 | 上海扬升生态农业有限公司 | Environment-friendly garbage treatment method for smart city |
| CN112547758A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 陆良中金环保科技有限公司 | Combined process for harmlessly treating vegetable leaf/fruit and vegetable garbage and recycling |
| TWI766669B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-06-01 | 大自然環保科技有限公司 | Organic liquid biological fermentation tank device |
| CN113511925A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-19 | 淮阴工学院 | Kitchen waste recycling treatment system and treatment method |
| CN114317253A (en) * | 2022-01-09 | 2022-04-12 | 丁庆 | Organic matter methane fermentation circulation control integrated system and fermentation method |
| CN114772827A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-22 | 刘文治 | Device for preparing hydroponic organic nutrient concentrated solution from spiral kitchen waste squeezed liquid |
| CN115069739A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-20 | 北京舞鹤环境工程设计有限公司 | Bidirectional reinforced multi-source cooperative full-amount recycling treatment system and technology for kitchen waste |
| CN115069739B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-09-19 | 北京舞鹤环境工程设计有限公司 | Kitchen waste bidirectional reinforced multi-source synergistic full-volume recycling treatment system and process |
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Application publication date: 20200522 |