CN112108484A - Environment-friendly garbage treatment method for smart city - Google Patents
Environment-friendly garbage treatment method for smart city Download PDFInfo
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- CN112108484A CN112108484A CN202010781477.3A CN202010781477A CN112108484A CN 112108484 A CN112108484 A CN 112108484A CN 202010781477 A CN202010781477 A CN 202010781477A CN 112108484 A CN112108484 A CN 112108484A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010805 inorganic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005183 environmental health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly garbage treatment method for a smart city, which comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of classified garbage cans in a garbage stacking place for primary classification; for the household garbage, garbage disposal personnel transport the primarily classified household garbage to an urban garbage transfer station, and mechanically screen the household garbage in the transfer station; crushing the sorted organic garbage, and then dehydrating, deoiling and desalting; the sorted inorganic garbage is classified and recycled, and the inorganic garbage which cannot be recycled is compressed; fermenting the crushed organic garbage, and performing solid-liquid separation after fermentation is completed; the invention can classify, centralize and classify the urban garbage, fully realize the urban garbage reduction and classification resource; especially for the organic garbage which is difficult to store, the water and the waste oil in the organic garbage are quickly removed, the rotting of the organic garbage is reduced, the recycling of the waste oil is realized, and the pollution pressure of the organic garbage to the environment is greatly relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly garbage treatment method for a smart city.
Background
Along with the rapid development of urbanization, the scale and population of cities are rapidly increased, so that the generated urban garbage is increased continuously, according to the statistics of the national institute of urban environmental health, nearly 10 hundred million tons of garbage are generated in China every year, wherein the generation amount of the household garbage is about 4 million tons, about 5 million tons of construction garbage is generated, about 2000 ten thousand tons of kitchen garbage is generated, along with the acceleration of the urbanization process in China and the improvement of the living standard of people, the urban household garbage is increased at the speed of about 5% -8% per year, the city surrounding the garbage gives a police clock to the cities in China, and the garbage damage becomes a serious environmental and social problem.
In the prior art, there are four main methods for treating municipal waste: landfill method, pyrolysis method, incineration method, composting method; the 'landfill method' is easy to operate, but has the problems of large land resource occupation, secondary pollution, potential danger, huge investment, limited service life and the like, and a large amount of recoverable resources are lost; the pyrolysis method can control the emission of harmful gases, but still has the problems of large landfill amount, secondary pollution and little investment; the composting method is beneficial to the utilization of organic matters in the garbage, but has strict requirements on the components of the treated garbage, and harmful components such as heavy metals in the garbage pollute soil and underground water, so that the harmful components enter food chains of urban and rural residents, and the treatment of residues and the control of germs and viruses are very troublesome; the incineration method is an important treatment method for urban garbage reduction, and is also one of the main methods already implemented or currently implemented in many cities in China, but the investment of garbage incineration equipment is large, the operation cost is high, and particularly harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, virulent kaempe and the like are often generated in the incineration process; in addition, since about 10% of the original garbage ash by weight must be landfilled again or specially treated as a hazardous waste, there is a need to develop an environmentally friendly garbage disposal method that can achieve four goals of garbage disposal, i.e., reduction, recycling, harmlessness, and stabilization.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an environmental-friendly garbage treatment method for smart cities, which adopts a method of classification concentration, mechanical screening and classification treatment to finely classify various components in urban garbage and carry out resource utilization, thereby realizing reduction of more than 90% of the source.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an environment-friendly garbage treatment method for a smart city comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of classified garbage cans in a garbage stacking place to realize primary classification when garbage is concentrated;
s2, for the household garbage, the garbage disposal personnel transport the primarily classified household garbage to an urban garbage transfer station, mechanically screen the household garbage in the transfer station, and finely classify the primarily classified household garbage again; directly transporting the construction waste to a construction waste disposal point in a suburb for disposal;
s3, crushing the sorted organic garbage, and then dehydrating, deoiling and desalting; the sorted inorganic garbage is classified and recycled, and the inorganic garbage which cannot be recycled is compressed;
and S4, performing fermentation treatment on the crushed organic garbage, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, wherein biogas generated by the fermentation is used for heating and lighting, the generated waste residues are used as fertilizers, and the generated waste liquid is used for fermentation again.
Preferably, the method for processing the organic garbage by the garbage transfer station comprises the following steps:
a1, filtering and sorting organic garbage, discharging filtered crude oil sewage into oil-water separation equipment, sorting the rest solid garbage, and sorting garbage which can not be decomposed;
conveying the sorted corrodible garbage A2 into a crushing device for crushing, and separating out dirty oil and waste water by an oil-water separation device;
a3, the crushed garbage enters a dewatering device for solid-liquid separation, solid and sewage are respectively collected, the sewage is discharged into an oil-water separation device, the sewage is refined after being collected and is used as feed oil, and the wastewater is treated;
and (3) transferring the A4 solid into fermentation equipment for fermentation, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, and discharging solid waste residues to obtain the biological fertilizer.
Preferably, in a1, the sorting platform has an automatic strong magnetic sorting function during sorting, automatically sorts out metal objects in the organic garbage, prevents the metal objects from being mixed in, and damages the equipment during crushing.
Preferably, in A1, the oil-water separation equipment is arranged below the sorting platform, and the filtered crude oil sewage automatically flows into the oil-water separation equipment due to gravity.
Preferably, in A2, the diameter of the crushed material is less than 5mm, so that the small-particle garbage is convenient for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is shortened.
Preferably, in A4, high-temperature fermentation is adopted, the temperature is over 60 ℃, and the fermentation time is not less than 48 h.
Preferably, the method for treating the construction waste comprises the following steps;
b1, crushing the construction waste, and removing impurities such as steel bars, pipelines and the like;
b2, crushing the construction waste, and sieving the crushed construction waste;
and B3, adding cement and sand, and pressing to obtain the building brick.
Preferably, the construction waste generated in large-scale construction sites is treated on site and made into building bricks for reuse, so that the transportation components and the construction cost are reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Preferably, in S3, the inorganic waste that cannot be recycled is compressed and transported to a waste incineration plant for incineration, and a reduced amount of inorganic waste is incinerated.
Preferably, in S4, the waste residue produced by fermentation is mixed with soil to make earthworm soil for earthworm cultivation.
Compared with the prior art, the principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in that:
1. the invention can classify, centralize and classify the urban garbage, fully realize the urban garbage reduction and classification resource; especially for the organic garbage which is difficult to store, the water and the waste oil in the organic garbage are quickly removed, the rotting of the organic garbage is reduced, the recycling of the waste oil is realized, and the pollution pressure of the organic garbage to the environment is greatly relieved.
2. The organic garbage generates a small amount of residues after being treated, the decrement rate is more than 95 percent, and the organic matter content, total nutrient, moisture and pH value of the nuisanceless organic fertilizer produced after fermentation completely meet the requirements of the organic fertilizer standard of Ministry of agriculture.
3. The produced waste water can be directly discharged into a municipal pipe network after being treated, the waste oil is recycled, and the produced organic fertilizer completely realizes the environmental protection and energy saving purposes of recycling the garbage.
4. For inorganic garbage and construction garbage, the resource treatment is carried out as much as possible, useful components are recycled, and a small amount of unrecoverable components are incinerated or backfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an environmental garbage disposal method for a smart city according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for treating environmental garbage in a smart city includes the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of classified garbage cans in a garbage stacking place to realize primary classification when garbage is concentrated;
s2, for the household garbage, the garbage disposal personnel transport the primarily classified household garbage to an urban garbage transfer station, mechanically screen the household garbage in the transfer station, and finely classify the primarily classified household garbage again; directly transporting the construction waste to a construction waste disposal point in a suburb for disposal;
s3, crushing the sorted organic garbage, and then dehydrating, deoiling and desalting; the sorted inorganic garbage is classified and recycled, and the inorganic garbage which cannot be recycled is compressed;
and S4, performing fermentation treatment on the crushed organic garbage, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, wherein biogas generated by the fermentation is used for heating and lighting, the generated waste residues are used as fertilizers, and the generated waste liquid is used for fermentation again.
The method for treating the organic garbage by the garbage transfer station comprises the following steps:
a1, filtering and sorting organic garbage, discharging filtered crude oil sewage into oil-water separation equipment, sorting the rest solid garbage, and sorting garbage which can not be decomposed;
conveying the sorted corrodible garbage A2 into a crushing device for crushing, and separating out dirty oil and waste water by an oil-water separation device;
a3, the crushed garbage enters a dewatering device for solid-liquid separation, solid and sewage are respectively collected, the sewage is discharged into an oil-water separation device, the sewage is refined after being collected and is used as feed oil, and the wastewater is treated;
and (3) transferring the A4 solid into fermentation equipment for fermentation, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, and discharging solid waste residues to obtain the biological fertilizer.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
in the embodiment, when the organic garbage is treated and sorted, the sorting platform has an automatic strong magnetic sorting function, metal objects in the organic garbage are automatically sorted out, and the metal objects are prevented from being mixed and damaging equipment when being crushed; the oil-water separation equipment is arranged below the sorting platform, and the filtered crude oil sewage automatically flows into the oil-water separation equipment due to gravity; the diameter of the crushed material is less than 5mm, the small-particle garbage is convenient to ferment, and the fermentation time is shortened; high-temperature fermentation is adopted, the temperature is over 60 ℃, and the fermentation time is not less than 48 h.
The construction waste treating process includes the following steps;
b1, crushing the construction waste, and removing impurities such as steel bars, pipelines and the like;
b2, crushing the construction waste, and sieving the crushed construction waste;
and B3, adding cement and sand, and pressing to obtain the building brick.
The construction waste generated in large-scale construction sites is treated on site and made into building bricks for reuse, so that the transportation components and the construction cost are reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
in this example, in S3, the inorganic refuse that cannot be recycled is compressed and transported to a refuse incineration plant for incineration, and a small amount of inorganic refuse that has been reduced is incinerated.
S4, mixing the waste residue generated by fermentation with soil to obtain earthworm soil for earthworm cultivation.
After the treatment of the invention, various products achieve good effects:
1. the garbage treatment effect is that the mass fraction (calculated on a drying basis) of organic matters after fermentation is not less than 30%, the number of the plant and seed tooth-forming grease is not less than 60%, and other indexes meet all requirements of organic fertilizer (NY525-2012) except total nutrition.
2. The sewage treatment effect, waste water reach municipal pipe network emission standard through purification treatment.
3. The waste gas treatment effect is that the treated gas reaches the integrated emission standard of air pollutants (GB16297-1996), and the emission of malodorous pollutants reaches the standard (GB 14554).
4. The waste oil treatment effect is that the waste oil separated by oil-water separation can be used for biodiesel, soap and the like after being processed.
5. Inorganic garbage treatment effect, after the inorganic garbage is recovered, the inorganic garbage is reduced by more than 70 percent, and the inorganic garbage can be incinerated after being compressed and can not be recovered.
6. The construction waste treatment effect is that more than 90% of the construction waste can be recycled, the construction waste is firstly crushed into small blocks, impurities in the small blocks are removed, then the small blocks are crushed, and cement sand is added to prepare the building bricks for direct use.
The invention can classify, centralize and classify the urban garbage, fully realize the urban garbage reduction and classification resource; especially for the organic garbage which is difficult to store, the water and the waste oil in the organic garbage are quickly removed, the rotting of the organic garbage is reduced, the recycling of the waste oil is realized, and the pollution pressure of the organic garbage to the environment is greatly relieved.
The organic garbage generates a small amount of residues after being treated, the decrement rate is more than 95 percent, and the organic matter content, total nutrient, moisture and pH value of the nuisanceless organic fertilizer produced after fermentation completely meet the requirements of the organic fertilizer standard of Ministry of agriculture. The produced waste water can be directly discharged into a municipal pipe network after being treated, the waste oil is recycled, and the produced organic fertilizer completely realizes the environmental protection and energy saving purposes of recycling the garbage. For inorganic garbage and construction garbage, the resource treatment is carried out as much as possible, useful components are recycled, and a small amount of unrecoverable components are incinerated or backfilled.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided merely to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly garbage treatment method for a smart city is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of classified garbage cans in a garbage stacking place to realize primary classification when garbage is concentrated;
s2, for the household garbage, the garbage disposal personnel transport the primarily classified household garbage to an urban garbage transfer station, mechanically screen the household garbage in the transfer station, and finely classify the primarily classified household garbage again; directly transporting the construction waste to a construction waste disposal point in a suburb for disposal;
s3, crushing the sorted organic garbage, and then dehydrating, deoiling and desalting; the sorted inorganic garbage is classified and recycled, and the inorganic garbage which cannot be recycled is compressed;
and S4, performing fermentation treatment on the crushed organic garbage, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, wherein biogas generated by the fermentation is used for heating and lighting, the generated waste residues are used as fertilizers, and the generated waste liquid is used for fermentation again.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the garbage transfer station is used for processing organic garbage, and comprises the following steps:
a1, filtering and sorting organic garbage, discharging filtered crude oil sewage into oil-water separation equipment, sorting the rest solid garbage, and sorting garbage which can not be decomposed;
conveying the sorted corrodible garbage A2 into a crushing device for crushing, and separating out dirty oil and waste water by an oil-water separation device;
a3, the crushed garbage enters a dewatering device for solid-liquid separation, solid and sewage are respectively collected, the sewage is discharged into an oil-water separation device, the sewage is refined after being collected and is used as feed oil, and the wastewater is treated;
and (3) transferring the A4 solid into fermentation equipment for fermentation, performing solid-liquid separation after the fermentation is finished, and discharging solid waste residues to obtain the biological fertilizer.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step A1, the sorting platform has an automatic strong magnetic sorting function to automatically sort the metal materials from the organic garbage.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein in A1, the oil-water separator is disposed under the sorting platform.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the discharging diameter of the crushed material in A2 is less than 5 mm.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fermentation at a high temperature of more than 60 ℃ is performed in A4 for a fermentation time of not less than 48 h.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for disposing construction waste comprises the following steps;
b1, crushing the construction waste, and removing impurities such as steel bars, pipelines and the like;
b2, crushing the construction waste, and sieving the crushed construction waste;
and B3, adding cement and sand, and pressing to obtain the building brick.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the construction waste generated from the large construction site is treated on site, and is made into building bricks for reuse.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein in S3, the non-recyclable inorganic waste is compressed and transported to a waste incineration plant for incineration.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the waste residue generated by fermentation is mixed with soil to form earthworm soil for earthworm cultivation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112775161A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-11 | 王雁增 | Kitchen waste and other household garbage reduction and classification combined treatment system and method |
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| CN110813976A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-02-21 | 河南恒天久大实业有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for full recycling of municipal refuse |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112775161A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-11 | 王雁增 | Kitchen waste and other household garbage reduction and classification combined treatment system and method |
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