Carbonization system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the carbomorphism equipment, especially, relate to a carbomorphism system.
Background
With the development of the material carbonization technology, the carbonization furnace is gradually changed from the original earth kiln and brick kiln into a vertical kiln and a horizontal kiln which can be continuously produced, but the problems of treatment and recycling of pyrolysis gas generated after the material carbonization generally exist.
At present, the pyrolysis gas generated by carbonizing materials is treated by the following four methods: the first is to remove dust and spray the pyrolysis gas to directly condense to form waste water, and then to treat the waste water in modes of precipitation, dosing and the like. The second is to carry out indirect condensation to pyrolysis gas to retrieve pyrolysis oil etc. no matter be direct or indirect condensation, it is big to handle the degree of difficulty, and investment cost is high, especially indirect condensation, and the technique is immature, and the operation degree of difficulty is big. And thirdly, pyrolysis gas is introduced to other places to be used as fuel for supplying heat and the like, and the method has the problem that the safety hazard is high for long-distance transportation.
The fourth is to introduce pyrolysis gas into the combustion chamber to burn and provide heat for the carbonization furnace, which is preferred at present. The combustor is provided with the structural style that combustion chamber and retort separate each other and the structural style that combustion chamber and retort combine as an organic whole, and wherein the structural style cost input that the separation set up is higher, and the structural style that combustion chamber and retort combine as an organic whole probably produces heat and distributes unevenly, influences material carbonization effect.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a carbomorphism system has solved when utilizing the pyrolysis gas that material carbomorphism in-process produced to supply heat, and the combustion chamber combines the inhomogeneous problem of structural style heat distribution as an organic whole with the retort.
According to the utility model, the carbonization system comprises a carbonization furnace, a burner and a spiral feeder for conveying materials, wherein the spiral feeder is transversely fixed in the carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace and the spiral feeder are coaxially arranged, two ends of the spiral feeder extend out of the carbonization furnace, the spiral feeder comprises a casing and a spiral conveying piece, the top surface of one end of the casing is provided with a first feed inlet, the bottom surface of the other end of the casing is provided with a first discharge outlet, the materials enter the casing through the first feed inlet, the spiral conveying piece conveys the materials in the casing, the diameter of the carbonization furnace is larger than that of the casing, so that a combustion chamber is formed between the carbonization furnace and the casing, the casing is also provided with a plurality of pyrolysis gas outlets, the pyrolysis gas outlets are arranged in the combustion chamber, and a flame nozzle of the burner extends into the combustion chamber, the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber can be ignited by the flame sprayed by the burner.
Furthermore, two upper guide plates are arranged between the upper wall of the casing and the upper wall of the combustion chamber at intervals, the cross section of each upper guide plate is in a semicircular shape, each upper guide plate is provided with a first semicircular groove, the first semicircular groove is matched with the upper wall of the casing, a lower guide plate is arranged between the lower wall of the casing and the lower wall of the combustion chamber, the cross section of each lower guide plate is in a semicircular shape, each lower guide plate is provided with a second semicircular groove, the second semicircular grooves are matched with the lower wall of the casing, and the lower guide plates are arranged between the two upper guide plates.
Further, still include feed bin, feeding machine, charcoal case, spiral discharging machine, the feed bin is equipped with the second discharge gate, the feeding machine is equipped with second feed inlet and third discharge gate, the charcoal case is equipped with third feed inlet and fourth discharge gate, the feed bin is used for storing the material, material in the feed bin enters into through second discharge gate, second feed inlet the feeding machine, then pass through third discharge gate, first feed inlet enter into in the casing, and quilt screw conveyor propelling movement, the material is in by the carbomorphism in the casing, generate pyrolysis gas and charcoal sediment, pyrolysis gas enters into the combustion chamber through pyrolysis gas export, the charcoal sediment enters into through first discharge gate, third feed inlet the charcoal case enters into at last in the spiral discharging machine and is carried out by it.
Further, still include draught fan and chimney, first conveyer pipe, second conveyer pipe and third conveyer pipe, the retort top is equipped with a high temperature exhanst gas outlet, high temperature exhanst gas outlet with the feed bin bottom is passed through first conveyer pipe intercommunication, the feed bin top with the draught fan air intake passes through second conveyer pipe intercommunication, the draught fan air outlet with the chimney passes through third conveyer pipe intercommunication, high temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber passes through high temperature exhanst gas outlet, first conveyer pipe enter into in the feed bin, then enter into the draught fan through the second conveyer pipe in, the rethread third conveyer pipe enters into in the chimney.
Further, still include controller and charge level indicator, the biological charcoal incasement is equipped with the charge level indicator, the fourth discharge gate sets up on the biological charcoal case bottom plate, the signal output part of charge level indicator with the signal input part signal of controller links to each other, the signal output part of controller with the signal input part of spiral ejection of compact machine links to each other.
Furthermore, the spiral discharging machine is a cooling spiral conveyor and comprises an internal biochar conveying channel and an external cooling water channel.
Furthermore, the fourth discharge port is connected with a material guide pipe, the other end of the material guide pipe is connected with an inlet of the spiral discharging machine, and one end of the spiral discharging machine, which is provided with an inlet, is inclined downwards.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses set up the spiral feeder in the carbomorphism stove with one heart, the diameter of retort is greater than the diameter of spiral feeder, make the combustion chamber that constitutes a heat supply between the two, the biochar is pushed in spiral feeder's casing, the combustion chamber has combustible gas to let in originally, the combustor ignites combustible gas and supplies heat, make the temperature in the combustion chamber reach carbonization temperature, carry out the carbomorphism to the material in the spiral feeder, will decompose into pyrolysis gas and charcoal sediment after the material carbomorphism, be equipped with a plurality of pyrolysis gas exports on the casing, pyrolysis gas passes through in pyrolysis gas exports enters into the combustion chamber, provide the high temperature heat source for subsequent material carbomorphism process, subsequent carbomorphism process need not to let in other combustible gas in the combustion chamber again, make full use of pyrolysis gas, and low in production cost.
2. The utility model discloses crisscross guide plate about setting up in the combustion chamber for the high temperature heat source that pyrolysis gas generated distributes evenly, has promoted the quality of material carbomorphism.
3. The utility model discloses in letting in the feed bin of storing the material again with the flue gas that produces behind the pyrolysis gas burning, dry the material in advance before the carbomorphism process, improved carbomorphism efficiency, saved the carbomorphism time, make full use of high temperature flue gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole carbonization system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the upper deflector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lower deflector of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cut-away perspective view of the carbonization furnace, the casing and the guide plate of the present invention assembled together.
In the above drawings, 100, a carbonization furnace; 200. a burner; 300. a screw feeder; 310. a housing; 320. a screw conveyor; 311. a first feed port; 312. a first discharge port; 400. a combustion chamber; 313. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 410. an upper deflector; 420. a lower deflector; 411. a first semicircular groove; 421. a second semi-circular groove; 700. a storage bin; 800. a feeder; 900. a charcoal box; 10. a spiral discharging machine; 20. an induced draft fan; 30. a chimney; 710. a second discharge port; 810. a second feed port; 820. a third discharge port; 910. a third feed inlet; 920. a fourth discharge port; 40. a first delivery pipe; 50. a second delivery pipe; 60. a third delivery pipe; 110. a high-temperature flue gas outlet; 70. a controller; 80. a level gauge; 930. a base plate; 11. a biochar delivery channel; 12. a cooling water passage; 500. a material guide pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1-4 and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises a carbonization furnace 100, a burner 200 and a screw feeder 300 for conveying materials, wherein the screw feeder 300 is transversely fixed in the carbonization furnace 100, the carbonization furnace 100 and the spiral feeder 300 are coaxially arranged, two ends of the spiral feeder 300 extend out of the carbonization furnace 100, the spiral feeder 300 comprises a casing 310 and a spiral conveying member 320, a first feed opening 311 is arranged on the top surface of one end of the casing 310, a first discharge opening 312 is arranged on the bottom surface of the other end of the casing 310, the material enters the casing 310 through the first feed opening 311, the spiral conveying member 320 conveys the material in the casing 310, the diameter of the carbonization furnace 100 is larger than that of the casing 310, so that a combustion chamber 400 is formed between the carbonization furnace 100 and the casing 310, the casing 310 is further provided with a plurality of pyrolysis gas outlets 313, and the pyrolysis gas outlet 313 is arranged in the combustion chamber 400, the flame nozzle of the burner 200 extends into the combustion chamber 400, and the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 400 can be ignited by the flame sprayed by the burner 200.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, preferably, two upper deflectors 410 are arranged between the upper wall of the casing 310 and the upper wall of the combustion chamber 400 at intervals, the cross-sectional shape of each upper deflector 410 is a semicircular shape, each upper deflector 410 is provided with a first semicircular groove 411, each first semicircular groove 411 is engaged with the upper wall of the casing 310, a lower deflector 420 is arranged between the lower wall of the casing 310 and the lower wall of the combustion chamber 400, the cross-sectional shape of each lower deflector 420 is a semicircular shape, each lower deflector 420 is provided with a second semicircular groove 421, each second semicircular groove 421 is engaged with the lower wall of the casing 310, each lower deflector 420 is arranged between the two upper deflectors 410, pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 400 is ignited and then becomes a high-temperature heat source, and the flow path of the high-temperature heat source in the combustion chamber 400 floats up and down due to the arrangement of the upper deflectors 410 and the lower deflectors 420, and the high-temperature heat sources are uniformly distributed in the combustion chamber 400.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses still include feed bin 700, feeding machine 800, charcoal box 900, spiral discharging machine 10, feed bin 700 is equipped with second discharge gate 710, feeding machine 800 is equipped with second feed inlet 810 and third discharge gate 820, charcoal box 900 is equipped with third feed inlet 910 and fourth discharge gate 920, feed bin 700 is used for storing the material, the material in feed bin 700 passes through second discharge gate 710, second feed inlet 810 enters into feeding machine 800, then pass through third discharge gate 820, first feed inlet 311 enters into casing 310, and by the propelling movement of screw conveyor 320, the material is carbonized in casing 310, generate pyrolysis gas and charcoal sediment, pyrolysis gas enters into combustion chamber 400 through pyrolysis gas export 313, the charcoal sediment passes through first discharge gate 312, charcoal box 900 is entered into through third feed inlet 910, enter into spiral discharging machine 10 at last and be carried out by it.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses still include draught fan 20 and chimney 30, first conveyer pipe 40, second conveyer pipe 50 and third conveyer pipe 60, retort 100 top is equipped with a high temperature exhanst gas outlet 110, high temperature exhanst gas outlet 110 and feed bin 700 bottom are through first conveyer pipe 40 intercommunication, feed bin 700 top and draught fan 20 air intake pass through second conveyer pipe 50 intercommunication, draught fan 20 air outlet and chimney 30 pass through third conveyer pipe 60 intercommunication, high temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber 400 passes through high temperature exhanst gas outlet 110, first conveyer pipe 40 enters into feed bin 700, then in second conveyer pipe 50 enters into draught fan 20, rethread third conveyer pipe 60 enters into in the chimney 30. The high-temperature flue gas enters the bin 700 to pre-dry the materials in the bin 700, so that the speed of the subsequent carbonization process is increased, and the carbonization efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model further comprises a controller 70 and a level indicator 80, the level indicator 80 is arranged in the charcoal box 900, the fourth discharge hole 920 is arranged on the bottom plate 930 of the charcoal box 900, the level indicator 80 is arranged in the charcoal box 900 and is used for measuring the height of the material in the charcoal box 900 in real time, specifically, the level indicator 80 is a damping level indicator 80 and is transversely arranged on the side surface of the charcoal box 900, the signal output end of the level indicator 80 is connected with the signal input end of the controller 70, the signal output end of the controller 70 is connected with the signal input end of the spiral discharging machine 10, when the height value of the material detected by the level indicator 80 reaches the highest value preset by the controller 70, the controller 70 controls the spiral discharging machine 10 to start, the spiral discharging machine 10 transmits the material falling in the inlet, when the height value of the material detected by the level indicator 80 falls to the lowest value preset in the controller 70, controller 70 controls spiral discharging machine 10 to stop the ejection of compact, spiral discharging machine 10 is cooling spiral conveyer, including inside biochar transfer passage 11 and outside cooling water passageway 12, cooling water passageway 12 has cooling water to pass through always, the cooling water cools off the biochar in biochar transfer passage 11, a passage 500 is connected to fourth discharge gate 920, the other end and the access connection of spiral discharging machine 10 of passage 500, spiral discharging machine 10 is equipped with the one end downward sloping of import, preferably, spiral discharging machine 10 is 15 with the contained angle of ground water flat line, spiral discharging machine 10 entrance point downward sloping sets up, no matter spiral discharging machine 10 is carrying out the ejection of compact, the material deposits the entrance point at spiral discharging machine 10 always, prevent that the air from getting into casing 310 from the discharge gate of spiral discharging machine 10, arouse the burning of the charcoal sediment in casing 310.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified or replaced by other means without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be construed as limited only by the appended claims.