KR20190020933A - Solid fuel boiler for perfect combustion with function or ash emission - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid fuel boiler for perfect combustion with an ash emission function, including a first combustion chamber in which a solid fuel is put and combusted; a second combustion chamber in which the combustion gas resulting from the combustion in the first combustion chamber is separated from ash; a partition wall partitioning the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber; a heating pipe inserted into the partition wall such that the combustion gas resulting from the combustion in the first combustion chamber and the ash flow to the second combustion chamber, heating the combustion gas resulting from the combustion in the first combustion chamber and the ash, and protruding from the partition wall; a blow pipe disposed below the second combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber and supplying the first combustion chamber with outside air heated during passage through the second combustion chamber; a chimney for outward combustion gas discharge; a preheating pipe formed on the flow path for combustion gas discharge in the chimney, where the outside air is heated by the combustion gas discharged through the chimney and the heated outside air is supplied into the first combustion chamber through the blow pipe; and an ash treatment unit disposed below the second combustion chamber, including an ash treatment device moving the free-fallen ash to the outside of the boiler by means of a conveyor belt or a screw, and capable of being continuously driven in accordance with user selection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion type boiler,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a solid fuel completely burning type boiler having a function of discharging carbon so as to increase the combustion efficiency by reheating and burning the solid fuel and to reduce the soot and the carbonaceous material of the solid fuel .

Generally, a boiler is a device for supplying heating water and hot water by heating water in a water tank while the ignition device is operated in an ignited state. In recent years, household heaters have been widely used, and oil or gas boilers have been widely used because of the efficiency of control and fuel supply. The oil or gas boiler has the advantage of providing ease of use by attaching electronic control devices, but it must be equipped with various electronic and electric parts. As the price of oil or gas increases, there is a problem in terms of production cost and maintenance cost .

Accordingly, solid fuel boilers that complement the advantages of the oil and gas boilers have been manufactured and distributed in consideration of cost reduction and economical efficiency such as fuel cost and maintenance cost. Solid fuels are solid fuels such as wood, coal, briquettes, coke, and charcoal, and are difficult to ignite than liquid or gaseous fuels. However, when ignited, they always maintain a temperature above the firing point, .

The structure of the solid fuel boiler includes a transfer section for transferring the solid fuel into the combustion chamber of the boiler, a combustion section for igniting the solid fuel to maintain the ignition state, a heat transfer section for transferring the combustion heat of the ignited solid fuel to the heating water, An air supply unit for supplying air necessary for ignition and ignition in the combustion chamber, and a discharge unit for discharging the combustion gas. When the solid fuel is transferred to the combustion section by the transfer section, if the ignited state is maintained, the heating water heat transfer line of the heat transfer section is heated to supply the heating water to the piping disposed in the space requiring heating through the piping. The burned solid fuel remains in the form of ash, which is a burned residue. The ash is discharged through a separate transfer process and discarded.

On the other hand, when the solid fuel reaches a temperature equal to or higher than the ignition point, the combustion gas is exhausted and the combustion gas is burned to heat the heating water. In the solid fuel boiler of the prior art, the heating efficiency is lower than that of the oil or gas boiler, There is a problem that it is not completely burned.

Further, the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel is deteriorated due to combustion residues remaining in the combustion chamber. Particularly, in the case of wood fuel, the problem is further exacerbated as the wood vinegar that flows out of the wood obstructs the combustion and the combustion chamber is fixed.

KR 10-1223319 B1

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel having a carbonaceous material discharge function capable of increasing combustion efficiency by secondary heating and burning a solid fuel, The aim is to provide a complete combustion boiler.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler having a carbon material discharge function capable of further increasing the combustion efficiency by a structure capable of heating the fuel and the outside air injected into the boiler.

In addition, the present invention provides a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler having a function of discharging a carbonaceous material capable of enhancing the combustion efficiency and increasing the recovery rate of combustion heat by supplying the external air for fuel combustion and heating by the waste heat of the exhaust gas The purpose is to do.

The present invention also relates to a solid fuel fuel cell having a discharge function capable of removing ash during the operation of the boiler during combustion and further reducing the labor consumption and further improving the combustion efficiency due to the removal of ash The purpose of the combustion type boiler is to provide.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solid fuel completely burning type boiler having a function of discharging a carbonaceous material according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solid fuel burning type boiler includes a first combustion chamber ; A second combustion chamber in which the combustion gas burned in the first combustion chamber is separated from the carbonaceous material; A partition wall partitioning the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber; A heating pipe inserted into the partition wall and formed to flow combustion gas and carbonaceous material burnt in the first combustion chamber to the second combustion chamber and heating combustion gas and carbonaceous material burnt in the first combustion chamber and protruding from the partition; A blowing pipe disposed at a lower portion of the second combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber for supplying external air heated through the second combustion chamber to the first combustion chamber; A communication through which the combustion gas is discharged to the outside; A preheating tube which is formed on the flow path through which the combustion gas inside the communication passage is discharged and which heats the outside air by the combustion gas discharged through the communication pipe and supplies the heated outside air to the inside of the first combustion chamber through the blowing pipe, ; And a carbon material processing unit disposed below the second combustion chamber for moving the freely dropped carbon material to the outside of the boiler by a conveyor belt or a screw system and capable of being continuously driven according to a user's selection .

The present invention has an advantage that the combustion efficiency can be improved by heating and burning the solid fuel secondarily, and the soot and carbonaceous material of the solid fuel can be reduced.

Further, the present invention has an advantage that the combustion efficiency can be further increased by the structure that can heat the fuel and the outside air injected into the boiler.

Further, the present invention is advantageous in that the external air that helps the ignition and flow of the fuel is heated and supplied by the waste heat of the exhaust gas, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency and increasing the recovery rate of the combustion heat.

Further, the present invention can treat ash without having to shut down the boiler in operation to treat the ash that occurs during the combustion of the solid fuel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention.
3 is a front cross-sectional view briefly showing a preheating structure of a solid fuel complete combustion boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention.
4 is a front sectional view showing a water pipe structure of a solid fuel complete combustion boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a water pipe structure of a solid fuel completely-burning boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a solid fuel boiler having a carbon discharge function according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler having a discharge function according to the present invention, to be.

The solid fuel boiler having the function of discharging the carbonaceous material according to the present invention is capable of heating water by the combustion heat of the solid fuel to supply the heating water and the hot water. The solid fuel boiler 100 transfers the solid fuel into the solid fuel boiler 100 A combustion chamber 301 and 302 for maintaining the ignition and ignition state of the solid fuel to obtain combustion heat, a blower 500 for supplying air into the combustion chamber and guiding the combustion material to discharge the combustion material, Water pipes 105, 106, and 107 for heating the water to receive the combustion heat of the combustion gas, a carbonaceous material discharging device 600 for discharging the remaining carbonaceous material to the outside, and a communication pipe 111 for finally discharging the combustion gas.

The transfer device 200 includes a hopper 201 for directly injecting solid fuel, a conveyor 202 for automatically transferring fuel injected from the hopper 201 to the combustion chamber, And an injection nozzle 203 for injecting fuel therein. The hopper 201 has a funnel shape with a wide input portion and a narrow output portion. Thus, the operator can easily inject the solid fuel and the quantity can be discharged to the conveyor 202. The fuel discharged from the hopper 201 is conveyed into the boiler through the conveyor 202. It is also possible to use a belt-type conveyor as well as to transfer the solid fuel received between the threads along the axis in accordance with rotation Of course, can be used. The solid fuel refers to a solid fuel such as wood, coal, briquettes, coke, and charcoal, which is kept in a predetermined shape. When the shape and size of the solid fuel are irregular like a tree, And it is preferable in terms of easiness of transportation. Therefore, the fuel such as wood may be supplied through the hopper 201 through the crushing process, the crusher may be coupled to the conveyor 202 so that the fuel may be transported to the conveyor 202. The solid fuel transferred from the conveyor 202 to the inlet of the combustion chamber is introduced into the combustion chamber through the injection nozzle 203. Since the injection nozzle 203 is inserted and coupled from the upper part of the boiler, So that it can be directly dropped into the combustion furnace 411 of the combustion furnace 411 and then introduced.

As described above, the injection nozzle 203 is inserted and connected to the outside of the boiler so that the end of the injection nozzle 203 is disposed in the combustion chamber, and the combustion heat of the injection nozzle 203 is received. Therefore, the solid fuel is not simply supplied by the injection nozzle but is transferred to the combustion furnace 411 after receiving the heat of the injection nozzle, so that the solid fuel is more easily reached to the ignition point and the combustion ability is further improved .

In the boiler according to the concept of the present invention, the combustion chamber is composed of a primary combustion chamber 301 and a secondary combustion chamber 302. More specifically, the structure includes a primary combustion chamber 301 in which a combustion furnace 411 for igniting and burning the solid fuel injected into the boiler is disposed, a secondary combustion chamber 302 in which the heated combustion gas is separated from the carbonaceous material, A refractory brick 421 for partitioning the secondary combustion chamber 301 and the secondary combustion chamber 302 and a heating pipe 422 disposed in the refractory brick 421 and communicating with the primary combustion chamber 301 and the secondary combustion chamber 302, .

Meanwhile, the blowing pipe 501, which is arranged to supply outside air through the lower surface of the primary combustion chamber 301, supplies external air to the primary combustion chamber 301 at a constant pressure by the power of the blower 500. When the solid fuel is burned in the combustion furnace 411 of the primary combustion chamber 301, the combustion gas and the carbonaceous material are introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 302 through the heating pipe 422 by the flow of the air supplied by the blowing pipe 501, . The heating tube 422 heated by the combustion heat maintains the high temperature state and the combustion gas and the carbon material flowing into the inside are secondarily heated and burned. Therefore, the incompletely combusted combustion gas in the primary combustion is reheated and completely burned. In the boiler of the prior art, primarily combusted carbonaceous material is left on the floor or discharged through a separate mechanical treatment. In particular, as in the case of wood, it has been explained that the phenomenon of sticking to the combustion furnace occurs when the woody liquid is discharged. The incompletely combusted combustion gas includes smoke and soot. According to the secondary combustion concept of the present invention, the primary combustion gas and the carbonaceous material are heated and burned while being moved for secondary combustion through air pressure, And soot can be removed, while the problem of discharging and sticking of the vinegar solution can be solved.

The combustion gas and the carbon materials which are completely burned through the heating pipe 422 are separated in the secondary combustion chamber 302. The difference in cross sectional area between the heating pipe 422 and the secondary combustion chamber 302 is a difference And the carbon material and the combustion gas can be easily separated by the difference in air pressure. Therefore, the carbonaceous material is moved downward of the secondary combustion chamber 302 by gravity, and the combustion gas is finally exhausted through the heating process of the feed water.

When the combusted carbonaceous material as described above is dropped to the lower portion of the secondary combustion chamber, the carbonaceous material is transferred to the outside of the boiler through the carbonaceous material discharge device 600. Needless to say, the carbonaceous material discharging apparatus 600 may be a belt conveyor or a screw conveying type in which the solid fuel contained between the threads is transferred along the axial direction.

In accordance with the concept of the present invention, in which the combustion gas and the carbonaceous material are moved to the secondary combustion chamber 302 by the air pressure supplied from the blowing pipe 501 in the primary combustion chamber 301, The pressure of the carbonaceous material separated by the air pressure difference in the secondary combustion chamber 302 is transferred to the carbonaceous material discharging device 600 so as to be freely dropped and transferred to the secondary combustion chamber 301. [ It is preferable that the signal is not transmitted to the transmitter 302. It is further preferable that the end of the blowing tube 501 is disposed below the primary combustion chamber 301 and the partition wall is disposed between the lower spaces of the secondary combustion chamber 302 so that the end of the blowing tube 501 is communicated .

3 is a front cross-sectional view briefly showing a preheating structure of the solid fuel completely burning type boiler according to the present invention.

The blowing and preheating line is structured such that it is circulated outside the combustion chamber along the preheating tube 511 disposed adjacent to the tuyere 502 and the communication 111 to be supplied to the lower portion of the combustion chamber. When the outside air compressed and supplied from the blower 500 is supplied to the upper portion of the boiler along the blowing port 502, the residual heat of the combustion gas by the preheating pipe 511 disposed on the furthest of the combustion gas adjacent to the communication pipe 111 Absorbed and heated.

The heated air is supplied to the lower portion of the combustion chamber while circulating outside the combustion chamber. Therefore, since the residual heat of the combustion gas, that is, the waste heat is reabsorbed by the preheating tube 511 disposed on the exhaust line leading to the communication pipe 111, the air introduced into the combustion chamber is heated, There is an advantage to be further improved. Therefore, the efficiency of the boiler is maximized.

The air preheater structure may be applied to conventional boilers as well as to a complete combustion type boiler having a discharge function according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the outside air compressed and supplied by the blower 500 is supplied to the preheating pipe 511 through the blowing port 502, the preheating process is performed by the residual heat of the combustion gas And is supplied to the combustion chamber through a blowing pipe 501 disposed in the lower portion of the primary combustion chamber 301. The solid fuel heated by the injection nozzle 203 in the combustion furnace of the primary combustion chamber 301 is ignited more rapidly by the air heated by the preheating tube 511 to maintain the ignited state and to be supplied through the blowing tube 510 And is completely burned while being heated by the secondary air while flowing into the heating pipe 422 by the supplied air. The combustion gas separated from the carbonaceous material in the secondary combustion chamber 302 heats the supplied water and is finally discharged to the communication pipe 111. The waste gas is heated again by utilizing the waste heat before being discharged.

The water tube structure of the solid fuel boiler according to another concept of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing a water pipe structure of a solid fuel completely burning boiler according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a water pipe structure of a solid fuel fully burning boiler according to the present invention.

The water pipe structure of the boiler according to the present invention includes a combustion chamber 300 for burning fuel and supplying combustion gas into the boiler, a combustion furnace 411 for burning fuel in the combustion chamber 300, And a tube-bundle drum 101 and a tube-bundle drum 102 for collecting the water tubes. According to the concept of the present invention, the combustion gas flow path of the water tubular boiler is configured in a 2way manner to the left and right sides of the combustion chamber 300, respectively.

Hereinafter, more specifically, the structure and flow path of the water tube structure of the boiler will be described. The first water pipe 105 constitutes the outer wall of the combustion chamber 300 and primarily heats the supplied water by the combustion gas. On the other hand, the tubular drum 101 is disposed at the upper portion of the boiler in the length direction of the boiler, and the lower vessel 102 is disposed at the left and right of the lower portion of the boiler in the longitudinal direction of the boiler. In addition, one or more of the lower vat 108 may be disposed at a lower portion of the boiler. The first water pipe 105 is arranged to the left and right of the combustion chamber along the height direction so as to connect the vapored drum 101 and the vat-lower drum 102, respectively. At this time, it is preferable that a plurality of first water pipes 105 are closely arranged along the longitudinal direction of the boiler so that the combustion gas is not leaked through the gaps between the respective pipes.

On the other hand, it is more preferable that the combustion chamber 300 is disposed adjacent to the front face of the boiler. Therefore, when the combustion gas moves backward along the longitudinal direction in the combustion chamber 300 surrounded by the first water pipe 105, the flow of the combustion gas moves to the next stage. The first water pipes 105 arranged closely along the combustion chamber 300 are disposed apart from each other or omitted so that the combustion gas can move outside the arrangement of the first water pipes 105 in the vicinity of the rear side of the boiler. Therefore, the combustion gas heated from the front to the rear of the combustion chamber 300 while being heated by the first water pipe 105 moves to the outside of the combustion chamber 300 along the gap of the first water pipe 105 from the rear.

Like the first water pipe 105, the second water pipe 106 is spaced apart from the arrangement of the first water pipes 105 and arranged closely along the longitudinal direction of the boiler, outside the arrangement of the first water pipes 105. Accordingly, a space is formed between the arrangement of the first water tubes 105 and the arrangement of the second water tubes 106 on the left and right sides of the boiler, respectively, and the first heating chamber 701 is formed while the combustion gas flows. The combustion gas flowing into the first water pipe 105 moves backward along the first heating chamber 701 from the rear of the boiler and heats the first water pipe 105 and the second water pipe 106 again .

The second water pipes 106 are disposed apart from each other in the vicinity of the front of the boiler so that the combustion gas heated through the first heating chamber 701 and heated to the outside of the array of the second water pipes 106 So that it can be moved. Like the second water pipe 106, the arrangement of the third water pipe 107 is also formed spaced apart from the arrangement of the second water pipes 106 to form a space therein to form the second heating chamber 702. The combustion gas flowing into the second heating chamber 702 flows from the front to the rear of the boiler and transfers heat to the second and third water pipes 106 and 107. The combustion gas thus completed in the feed water is finally discharged to the outside through the communication pipe 111.

Therefore, the first heating chamber 701 and the second heating chamber 702 are formed on the left and right sides of the combustion chamber 300, respectively, so that the combustion gas passing through the combustion chamber 300 is separated and flows left and right The first water pipe 105, the second water pipe 106 and the third water pipe 107 are heated and discharged while flowing along the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber, respectively. It should be noted that when the flow path of the combustion gas is constituted by the 2way system as in the concept of the present invention, the heat transfer area is twice or more wider than in the conventional 1way system.

Further, the pipes are connected to each other in the longitudinal direction of the boiler so that the combustion gas flows along the longitudinal direction of the boiler. Therefore, in the case of the conventional 2-pass or 3-pass type water tube type boiler, the combustion gas flows vertically, which causes a temperature difference of the fluid in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber, thereby lowering the heat transfer efficiency and further arranging the burner in the longitudinal direction It should also be noted that the problem of being considered is improved in the water tube boiler of the present invention.

The water pipe structure of the boiler can be applied if it adopts the water tube type heat transfer method to any kind of solid fuel, liquid fuel and gaseous fuel boiler.

As described above, the structure of the heating and burning structure described above facilitates reaching the ignition point of the solid fuel and completely combusts the combustion gas. In addition, by employing configurations that maximize thermal efficiency, the boiler is further miniaturized and a boiler is provided that can be highly efficient.

In the foregoing, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments and drawings, and the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the content of the following claims.

100: Solid fuel boiler 101: Tubular drum drum
102: shrink drum 105: first water pipe
106: second water pipe 107: third water pipe
111: communication 200: conveying device
201: Hopper 202: Conveyor
203: input nozzle 301: primary combustion chamber
302: Secondary combustion chamber 411: Combustion furnace
421: refractory brick 422: heating pipe
500: blower 501: blower
502: Outlet 511: Preheating tube
600: Carbonaceous material processing apparatus 701: First heating chamber
702: second heating chamber

Claims (1)

A first combustion chamber in which solid fuel is injected and burned;
A second combustion chamber in which the combustion gas burned in the first combustion chamber is separated from the carbonaceous material;
A partition wall partitioning the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber;
A heating pipe inserted into the partition wall and formed to flow combustion gas and carbonaceous material burnt in the first combustion chamber to the second combustion chamber and heating combustion gas and carbonaceous material burnt in the first combustion chamber and protruding from the partition;
A blowing pipe disposed at a lower portion of the second combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber for supplying external air heated through the second combustion chamber to the first combustion chamber;
A communication through which the combustion gas is discharged to the outside;
A preheating tube which is formed on the flow path through which the combustion gas inside the communication passage is discharged and which heats the outside air by the combustion gas discharged through the communication pipe and supplies the heated outside air to the inside of the first combustion chamber through the blowing pipe, ;
A carbonaceous material processing unit disposed below the second combustion chamber and configured to move the freely dropped carbonaceous material to the outside of the boiler by a conveyor belt or a screw system;
And a solid fuel-fired boiler having a discharge function.

Images