KR101223319B1 - Solid fuel boiler for perfect combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid fuel complete combustion boiler capable of improving combustion efficiency by reheating and burning solid fuel and reducing soot and carbonaceous material of a solid fuel. A second combustion chamber in which the combustion gas combusted in the combustion chamber is separated from the carbon material, a partition wall partitioning the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and the combustion gas and the carbon material inserted into the partition wall and burned in the first combustion chamber are second. It is formed to flow into the combustion chamber, and provides a solid fuel complete combustion boiler comprising a heating tube for heating the combustion gas and carbonaceous material combusted in the first combustion chamber.

Description

Solid Fuel Full Combustion Boiler {SOLID FUEL BOILER FOR PERFECT COMBUSTION}

The present invention relates to a solid fuel full combustion boiler, and more particularly, to a solid fuel full combustion boiler capable of increasing combustion efficiency by reheating and burning solid fuel and reducing soot and carbonaceous material of solid fuel.

In general, a boiler is a device for supplying heating water and hot water by heating water in a water tank while operating with an ignition device ignited. Fuels of such boilers have been used in various ways, and in recent years, domestic heaters are most widely used, and oil or gas boilers are widely used in consideration of efficiency of control or fuel supply. Oil and gas boilers have the advantage of providing ease of use with electronic controllers, but they must be equipped with various electronic and electrical components, and have problems in terms of manufacturing cost and maintenance costs due to the high oil and gas prices. there was.

Accordingly, in recent years, in consideration of economics such as a reduction in production cost and fuel cost and maintenance cost, solid fuel boilers that supplement the advantages of the oil and gas boilers are manufactured and spread. Solid fuel refers to solid fuels such as wood, coal, briquettes, coke, and charcoal, and it is more difficult to ignite than liquid or gaseous fuels. Has the property of becoming.

The structure of the solid fuel boiler, the transfer unit for transferring the solid fuel into the combustion chamber of the boiler, the combustion unit for igniting the solid fuel to maintain the ignition state, the heat transfer unit for transmitting the heat of combustion of the ignited solid fuel to the heating water, combustion chamber It consists of an air supply unit for supplying air necessary for ignition and ignition in the air and an exhaust unit for exhausting combustion gas. When the solid fuel is transferred to the combustion unit by the transfer unit, when the ignition is maintained and the ignition state is maintained, the heating water heating line of the heat transfer unit is heated to supply the heating water to the pipe disposed in the space requiring heating through the pipe. After combustion, the solid fuel remains in the form of ash which is a burned residue. The ash is discharged and disposed of in a separate transportation process.

On the other hand, when the solid fuel reaches a temperature above the ignition point, the combustion gas is discharged, and the combustion gas is combusted to heat the heating water. In the conventional solid fuel boiler, the heating efficiency is lower than that of the oil or gas boiler and the combustion gas is There was a problem that could not be completely burned.

In addition, the solid fuel has a problem that the combustion efficiency is lowered due to the combustion residues remaining in the combustion chamber. In particular, in the case of wood fuel, such problems are further exacerbated as wood vinegar flowing out of the wood hinders combustion and the combustion chamber is fixed.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, to provide a solid fuel full combustion boiler that can increase the combustion efficiency by reducing the heat of the solid fuel secondary, reducing the soot and coal ash of the solid fuel. The purpose is to.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler that can further increase the combustion efficiency by the structure that can heat the fuel and the external air introduced into the boiler.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel full combustion boiler that can increase the combustion efficiency and the recovery heat is increased by supplying the external air to help the ignition and flow of the fuel due to the waste heat of the exhaust gas.

The solid fuel full combustion boiler according to the present invention includes a first combustion chamber into which solid fuel is injected and combusted therein, a second combustion chamber in which combustion gas combusted in the first combustion chamber is separated from coal ash, and the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber. A partition wall partitioning a combustion chamber, and a heating tube inserted into the partition wall so that combustion gas and carbonaceous material are flowed into the second combustion chamber, and a heating tube heating the combustion gas and carbonaceous material combusted in the first combustion chamber. It provides a solid fuel complete combustion boiler comprising. Therefore, the solid fuel complete combustion type boiler which can reduce the soot and carbonaceous material of a solid fuel by heat-fired solid fuel secondary is provided.

In addition, the present invention provides a solid fuel complete combustion method boiler further comprising an injection nozzle, one end of which is disposed in the first combustion chamber so that solid fuel is introduced into the first combustion chamber and heated by combustion heat. Therefore, the combustion efficiency is further increased because the fuel is heated before being fired.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler disposed below the first combustion chamber and further comprising a blower tube for supplying external air to the first combustion chamber. Accordingly, since the combustion gas and the carbon ash in the first combustion chamber are all moved to be heated, a solid fuel complete combustion boiler is provided which can prevent secondary combustion of the carbon ash and wood vinegar remaining in the boiler.

In addition, the present invention provides a solid fuel complete combustion boiler comprising a partition partitioning the lower space of the first combustion chamber and the lower space of the second combustion chamber. Therefore, since the compressed air flowing into the first combustion chamber does not flow into the second combustion chamber, the coal ash and the combustion gas are easily separated.

In addition, the present invention further includes a communication tube through which the combustion gas is discharged to the outside, and a preheating tube which is formed on a flow path through which the combustion gas inside the communication is discharged and the external air is heated by the combustion gas discharged through the communication. Provided is a solid fuel complete combustion boiler in which external air heated by the preheating tube is supplied into the first combustion chamber through the blower tube. Accordingly, a solid fuel complete combustion type boiler capable of increasing combustion efficiency and increasing combustion recovery rate is provided by supplying and supplying external air, which helps fuel ignition and flow due to waste heat of exhaust gas.

The solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention has the advantage of increasing combustion efficiency by reducing the combustion of solid fuel secondaryly, and reducing the soot and carbonaceous material of the solid fuel.

In addition, the solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention has the advantage that the combustion efficiency can be further increased by the structure that can heat the fuel and the external air introduced into the boiler.

In addition, the solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention has the advantage that the combustion efficiency is increased and the recovery heat is increased by supplying the external air that helps the ignition and flow of the fuel is heated due to the waste heat of the exhaust gas.

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front sectional view showing a solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front sectional view schematically showing the preheating structure of the solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a front sectional view showing the water pipe structure of the solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the water pipe structure of the solid fuel complete combustion boiler according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a solid fuel boiler according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a full combustion solid fuel boiler according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a front sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a full combustion solid fuel boiler according to the present invention. Solid fuel boiler according to the present invention is a device that is capable of supplying heating water and hot water by heating the water by the combustion heat of the solid fuel, the transfer device for transporting and feeding the solid fuel into the solid fuel boiler 100 ( 200), the combustion chamber (301, 302) to obtain the combustion heat by maintaining the ignition and ignition state of the solid fuel, the blower (500) for supplying air into the combustion chamber and discharge the coal ash, water received by the combustion heat of the combustion chamber The water pipes 105, 106, and 107 for heating the oil, the coal ash discharge device 600 for discharging the burned carbon remaining to the outside, and the communication 111 for the final discharge of the combustion gas.

Looking at the process of the solid fuel is introduced into the inside, the transfer device 200 is a hopper 201 for directly injecting the solid fuel, a conveyor 202 and a combustion chamber for automatically transferring the fuel quantified from the hopper 201 to the combustion chamber It consists of an injection nozzle 203 for injecting fuel into the interior. The hopper 201 has a funnel shape with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet. Thus, the worker can easily input the solid fuel and the quantity can be discharged to the conveyor 202. The fuel discharged from the hopper 201 is transferred into the boiler through the conveyor 202. A belt conveyor can be used, and the solid fuel accommodated between the threads along the rotation can be transferred along the axial direction. Of course, the screw method can be used. On the other hand, the solid fuel refers to a fuel of a solid maintaining a constant shape, such as wood, coal, briquettes, coke and charcoal, in the case of irregular shape and size, such as wood is used to cut or crushed to a certain size It can be burned easily, and it is preferable at the point that conveyance is easy. Therefore, the fuel such as wood may be installed in combination with the crusher so that the fuel is input through the hopper 201 through the crushing process in the input process of the operator can be transferred to the conveyor 202. In addition, the solid fuel transferred from the conveyor 202 to the inlet of the combustion chamber is introduced into the combustion chamber through the injection nozzle 203, and the injection nozzle 203 is inserted into the upper part of the boiler to be combined and the solid fuel is combined with the combustion chamber. Directly free fall into the combustion oven (411) to be able to be injected.

As the injection nozzle 203 is inserted and coupled to communicate with the outside and the inside of the boiler as described above, the end of the injection nozzle 203 is disposed in the combustion chamber, and receives the heat of combustion of the injection nozzle 203. Therefore, the solid fuel is not simply supplied by the input nozzle, but since the heat of the input nozzle is transferred to the combustion furnace 411, the solid fuel is more easily reached at the ignition point, and the combustion capability is further improved. .

In the boiler according to the concept of the present invention, the combustion chamber is composed of a primary combustion chamber 301 and a secondary combustion chamber 302. In more detail, the structure, the primary combustion chamber 301 is disposed in the combustion blast 411 for igniting and burning the solid fuel introduced into the boiler, the secondary combustion chamber 302, in which the heated combustion gas is separated from the coal ash; The firebrick 421 and the firebrick 421 partitioning the secondary combustion chamber 301 and the secondary combustion chamber 302, and the heating tube 422 communicating with the primary combustion chamber 301 and the secondary combustion chamber 302. It consists of.

Meanwhile, the blower pipe 501 disposed to supply the outside air through the lower surface of the primary combustion chamber 301 supplies the external air to the primary combustion chamber 301 at a constant pressure by the power of the blower 500. When the solid fuel is combusted in the combustion furnace 411 of the primary combustion chamber 301, the combustion gas and the coal ash are secondary combustion chamber 302 through the heating tube 422 by the flow of air supplied by the blowing pipe 501. Are transported together. The heating tube 422 heated by the combustion heat maintains a high temperature state, and heats and burns the combustion gas and the carbonaceous material flowing therein secondly. Therefore, the combustion gas incompletely burned during the first combustion is completely reheated while being reheated. In the boiler of the prior art, the firstly burned carbon ash remains on the floor or is discharged through a separate mechanical treatment. Particularly, in the case of wood, wood coal is discharged and the phenomenon that the coal burnt in the combustion oven occurs as described. In addition, incompletely combusted combustion gas includes smoke and soot. According to the second combustion concept of the present invention, the first combustion combustion gas and carbonaceous material are heated and combusted while being moved for secondary combustion through air pressure. While the combustion is completely burned so that the soot can be removed, there is an advantage to solve the problem of the discharge and sticking of the wood vinegar solution.

In addition, the combustion gas and carbonaceous material that is completely burned through the heating tube 422 undergoes a separation process in the secondary combustion chamber 302. The difference in cross-sectional area between the heating tube 422 and the secondary combustion chamber 302 is the difference in air pressure. In this case, the carbonaceous material and the combustion gas can be easily separated by the pressure difference. Therefore, the coal ash moves downward of the secondary combustion chamber 302 by gravity, and the combustion gas is finally discharged through the heating process of the feed water.

When the burnt carbon material falls as the lower portion of the secondary combustion chamber, it is transferred to the outside of the boiler through the carbon material discharge device 600. The carbonaceous material discharging device 600 may be used in a variety of transfer methods, such as a belt type conveyor or a screw method for transferring the solid fuel accommodated between the threads in the axial direction according to the rotation.

In addition, according to the concept of the present invention in which the combustion gas and the carbon ash are moved to the secondary combustion chamber 302 by the air pressure supplied from the blower tube 501 in the primary combustion chamber 301, respectively, preferably the blower tube 501 The air outlet of the combustion chamber is disposed only on the lower surface of the primary combustion chamber 301, and the flow or pressure of the secondary combustion chamber is transferred to the carbon material separated by the pressure difference in the secondary combustion chamber 302 freely falling to the carbon material discharge device 600. It is preferable not to communicate with 302. Therefore, it is more preferable that the end of the blower tube 501 is disposed below the primary combustion chamber 301 and the partition wall is disposed between the lower spaces of the secondary combustion chamber 302 so that the end of the blower tube 501 communicates. .

On the other hand, Figure 3 is a rear view briefly showing the structure of the air preheater of the boiler according to the present invention. The blowing and preheating lines are configured to circulate outside the combustion chamber along the preheating tube 511 disposed adjacent to the tuyeres 502 and the communication 111 to be supplied to the lower portion of the combustion chamber. When the outside air compressed and supplied from the blower 500 is supplied to the upper portion of the boiler along the blower 502, the residual heat of the combustion gas is stored by the preheating tube 511 disposed on the combustion gas of the combustion gas adjacent to the communication 111. Absorbed and heated. The heated air is supplied to the lower part of the combustion chamber while circulating outside the combustion chamber. Therefore, the combustion efficiency is increased because the residual heat of the combustion gas, that is, the waste heat is reabsorbed by the preheating tube 511 disposed on the exhaust line leading to the communication 111 is heated. There is an advantage to be further improved. Thus, it offers the advantage that the efficiency of the boiler is maximized.

The air preheater structure may be applied to a conventional boiler, as well as to the boiler of the complete combustion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to the preheating process combined with the structure of the complete combustion boiler, when the outside air compressed and supplied by the blower 500 is supplied to the preheating pipe 511 through the blower 502, it is heated by the residual heat of the combustion gas The combustion chamber is supplied to the combustion chamber through a blower pipe 501 disposed under the primary combustion chamber 301. In the combustion furnace of the primary combustion chamber 301, the solid fuel heated by the input nozzle 203 is ignited faster by the air heated by the preheating tube 511 to maintain the ignition state, and through the blower tube 510. As it flows into the heating tube 422 by the supplied air, it is completely burned with secondary heating. The combustion gas separated from the coal ash in the secondary combustion chamber 302 heats the feed water and is finally discharged to the communication 111, and serves to heat the air using waste heat again before being discharged.

On the other hand, the water pipe structure of a solid fuel boiler according to another concept of the present invention will be described below. Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic structure of a preferred embodiment of the boiler according to another concept of the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the boiler of FIG.

The water pipe structure of the boiler of the present invention is the combustion chamber 300, the fuel is combusted to supply the combustion gas into the boiler, the combustion duct 411 to ignite the fuel in the combustion chamber 300, the pipe for transferring the heat of combustion into the feed water. It consists of the water pipe (105, 106, 107) surrounding the combustion chamber in the shape, the tube collection upper drum 101 and the tube collection hard rum 102 for collecting the water pipe. According to the concept of the present invention, the flue gas flow path of the water pipe boiler is configured in a 2-way manner to the left and right of the combustion chamber 300, respectively.

Hereinafter, the configuration and flow path of the water pipe structure of the boiler in more detail. The first water pipe 105 constitutes an outer wall of the combustion chamber 300 and primarily heats the supply water by the combustion gas. On the other hand, the tube collection upper drum 101 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the boiler in the upper portion of the boiler, the tube collection hard rum 102 is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the boiler, respectively on the left and right of the lower portion of the boiler. On the other hand, one of the tube collection hard rum 102 may be disposed at the bottom of the boiler, two or more may be installed depending on the selection. The first water pipe 105 is disposed to the left and right of the combustion chamber along the height direction to connect the tube collection upper drum 101 and the tube collection hard rum 102, respectively. At this time, it is preferable that the plurality of first water pipes 105 are densely arranged along the longitudinal direction of the boiler so that the combustion gas is not leaked into the gap between the pipes.

On the other hand, the combustion chamber 300 is more preferably disposed adjacent to the front of the boiler. Therefore, when the combustion gas moves backward along the longitudinal direction in the combustion chamber 300 surrounded by the first water pipe 105, the flow of the combustion gas moves to the next step. The first water pipes 105 closely arranged along the combustion chamber 300 may be spaced apart or omitted from each other so that combustion gas may move out of the arrangement of the first water pipe 105 near the rear of the boiler. Therefore, the combustion gas which heated the 1st water pipe 105 while moving along the back from the front of the combustion chamber 300 moves to the outer side of the combustion chamber 300 along the clearance gap of the 1st water pipe 105 from the back.

Outside the arrangement of the first water pipe 105, like the first water pipe 105, the second water pipe 106 is spaced apart from the arrangement of the first water pipe 105 to be densely arranged along the longitudinal direction of the boiler. Accordingly, a space between the arrangement of the first water pipe 105 and the arrangement of the second water pipe 106 is formed on the left side and the right side of the boiler, respectively, and the combustion gas flows to form the first heating chamber 701. Combustion gas introduced between the first water pipe 105 is moved from the rear of the boiler to the front of the boiler along the first heating chamber 701 to heat the first water pipe 105 and the second water pipe 106 again. .

In addition, the arrangement of the second water pipes 106 is arranged to be spaced apart from each other near the front of the boiler so that the combustion gas, which has passed through the first heating chamber 701 and heats the supply water, is outside of the second water pipe 106 arrangement. Allow it to move. Similar to the second water pipe 106, the arrangement of the third water pipe 107 is also spaced apart from the arrangement of the second water pipe 106 to form a space therein, and to form the second heating chamber 702. The combustion gas introduced into the second heating chamber 702 transfers heat to the second and third water pipes 106 and 107 while flowing from the front to the rear of the boiler. The combustion gas that has completed the heat transfer to the feed water is finally discharged to the outside through the communication (111).

Accordingly, the first heating chamber 701 and the second heating chamber 702 are formed at the left side and the right side of the combustion chamber 300, respectively, and the combustion gas passing through the combustion chamber 300 is separated into the left and right sides and flows. The first water pipe 105, the second water pipe 106, and the third water pipe 107 are heated and discharged while flowing along the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber, respectively. As the concept of the present invention, when the flow path of the combustion gas is configured in the 2-way method, it should be noted that the heat transfer area is more than twice wider than in the conventional 1-way method.

In addition, the pipes are connected in the vertical direction of the boiler and mutually arranged along the longitudinal direction, so that the combustion gas flows along the longitudinal direction of the boiler. Therefore, in the case of the conventional 2 pass or 3 pass type water pipe boiler, the combustion gas flows in the vertical direction, which causes a temperature difference of the fluid in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber, thereby lowering the heat transfer efficiency, thereby additionally arranging the burner in the longitudinal direction. It should also be noted that problems such as considerations have been improved in the water tube boiler of the present invention.

The water pipe structure of the boiler as described above can be applied if it adopts a method of heat transfer by water pipe to any type of boiler of solid fuel, liquid fuel, and gaseous fuel.

As described above, the heating and combustion structure configured as described above provides a structure in which the ignition point of the solid fuel is easily reached and the combustion gas is completely burned. In addition, by adopting configurations capable of maximizing thermal efficiency, a boiler is provided that can be made more compact and highly efficient.

In the foregoing, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments and drawings, and the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the content of the following claims.

100.Solid fuel boiler 101.Tube collection drum
102 ... Tube Collection Hardrum 105 ... First Water Pipe
106 ... the second water pipe 107 ... the third water pipe
111.Communication 200 ... Transfer
201 Hopper 202 Conveyor
203 ... Input nozzle 301 ... Primary combustion chamber
302 ... Secondary combustion chamber 411 ... Combustion furnace
421 Refractory Brick 422 Heating Tube
500 blower 501 blower
502.Songgu-gu 511 ... Preheater
701 ... first heating chamber 702 ... second heating chamber

Claims (5)

A first combustion chamber into which solid fuel is injected and combusted;
A second combustion chamber in which combustion gas combusted in the first combustion chamber is separated from carbonaceous material;
A partition wall partitioning the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber;
A heating tube inserted into the partition wall and configured to flow the combustion gas and carbonaceous material combusted in the first combustion chamber into the second combustion chamber, and heat the combustion gas and carbonaceous material that is combusted in the first combustion chamber and protrude from the partition wall;
A blower tube disposed under the second combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and configured to supply external air heated while passing through the second combustion chamber to the first combustion chamber;
Communication in which the combustion gas is discharged to the outside; And
The preheating tube is formed on a flow path through which the combustion gas inside the communication is discharged and the external air is heated by the combustion gas discharged through the communication, and the preheating tube supplies the heated external air into the first combustion chamber through the blower tube. Solid fuel complete combustion boiler comprising a.
The method of claim 1,
Solid fuel complete combustion method boiler further comprising a; injection nozzle, one end of which is disposed in the first combustion chamber so that the solid fuel is introduced into the first combustion chamber and heated by combustion heat.
delete The method of claim 1,
And a partition wall partitioning the lower space of the first combustion chamber and the lower space of the second combustion chamber.
delete

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