CN2149053Y - Self-controlling permanent-magnet alternating-current generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a miniature permanent magnet AC generator for vehicles, particularly for the lighting of agricultural vehicles. The utility model has the advantages that a stator coil whose three-phase difference is mutually 120 DEG and the rotor of a plurality of permanent magnetic polar are arranged. When the engine works, the load current of the generator can be automatically controlled in the permitted range.

Description

Self-controlling permanent-magnet alternating-current generator

The utility model relates to a kind of small-sized alternating current generator, particularly agri-vehicle, ship illumination alternating current generator.

Existing automobile permanent magnet alternator frame coil (armature coil) structure is that two or three independences are single-phase, does not have phase difference between phase and phase.Have three separate single-phase as JF-90 alternator frame coil.This structure, electromagnetic efficiency is lower.To have phase difference be 120 ° three-phase coil though automobile permanent magnet motor JYF-60 stator coil adopts, and because of being subjected to the restriction of diameter of movement, rotor can only adopt a pair of magnetic pole, i.e. P=1.When the alternating current generator of this kind P=1 changed in the sustainer rotation speed n, the frequency change of alternating current was less.Induction reactance X _L=2 π fL, to the control action of circuital current a little less than, light more secretly can not satisfy lighting requirement when low engine speed especially.

The purpose of this utility model is: provide a kind of have many magnetic pole are the p-m rotor of P＞1 and have a small-sized vehicle alternator that phase difference is the threephase stator coil of 120 ° of electric angles.It can be when the sustainer rotation speed change, utilizes the variation of self power frequency, and induction reactance X in the circuit _LThe current strength I that passes through of variation control load (bulb), thereby make light basicly stable.

The stable performance of the utility model automatic control lamp light is achieved in that

U＝K·φ·n………①

In the formula, the terminal voltage of U-load, the K-proportionality coefficient, the magnetic flux of φ-p-m rotor (definite value), n-generator speed (or engine speed), (rev/min).

1. formula explanation p-m rotor generator voltage and rotating speed are directly proportional.

The current strength that load (bulb) is passed through:

$I=\frac{U}{Z}=\frac{U}{\sqrt{R^2+{R^2}_L}}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula, the Z-circuit impedance, the R-circuitous resistance mainly is a filament resistance.

Notice when 2. formula is discussed use this moment many to magnetic pole P＞1, thereby

f＝ (P·n)/60 ＞ (n)/60 。

During low engine speed: n ↓, U ↓, X _L↓, Z ↓.

I=(U ↓)/(Z ↓), thus make load current constant substantially; Lamplight brightness is constant substantially.

During high engine speeds: n ↑, U ↑, X _L↑ ↑, Z ↑.

I=(U ↑)/(Z ↑), thus make load current constant substantially; The unlikely degree of burning that reaches of bulb brightness.

The utlity model has following advantage: stator is mutually the threephase armature coil of 120 ° of electric angles because of having used phase difference, and the effective edge number of permanent magnet magnetic line of force sectioned coil is increased, and has improved electromagnetic efficiency, makes the generator unit stator volume less and power is bigger.Rotor has been because of having used permanent magnet, makes simple in structurely, and volume reduces, and reliability improves; More to magnetic pole because of having used, engine greatly increases the frequency of alternating current when high speed, can play the effect of automatic Control current intensity I preferably, satisfies the requirement of generator to illumination.

Accompanying drawing one has provided the utility model stator coil electrical principle.Mark among the figure: A, B, C represent the three-phase coil termination.The connecting to neutral symbol Represent the star mid point bonding of three-phase coil or pass through the switch bonding.120 ° is the phase difference of three-phase coil.

Accompanying drawing two has provided the many cross-sectional views to pole wheel of the utility model permanent magnetism.Index wire (1) is the claw-type pole of magnetic conduction sheet.Index wire (2) is a permanent magnet.Index wire (3) is a generator rotor shaft.

Accompanying drawing three has provided the concrete structure of utility model embodiment.The structure detail and the working condition of generator are described below in conjunction with this figure.Rotor is by copper axle (1), and permanent magnet (11) and claw-type pole (10) are formed.Claw-type pole is made for the high-quality permeability magnetic material, it with the list of permanent magnet to axial magnetic field be directed to rotor radially and realized many to magnetic pole.The magnetic line of force enters stator core (9) by the gap that the claw-type pole N utmost point sets out through stator and rotor, constitutes magnetic loop through the S of the claw-type pole utmost point again.

The left end of armature spindle (1) connects through woodruff key and belt pulley (4).Nut (2), spring washer (3) and spacer (5) make belt pulley fix at axial location.The right-hand member of axle (1) connects (bolt (15) packing ring (16) is in order to stationary engine radiator fan blade) by woodruff key (14) and drive fan dish (13).Spacer (12) makes dish (13) that fixing axial location be arranged.Whole rotor is bearing on two end caps (20) by two radial ball bearings (7), and dustproof felt circle (5) all is equipped with at the two ends of each bearing.Stator core (9) is built up by silicon steel sheet, has 24 or 36 armature coil grooves, and the working edge of armature coil (8) promptly is contained in the core slots.Two end caps are fixed on the iron core (9) with bolt (17) nut (18).

When belt pulley drives rotor rotation, there is alternating magnetic fields to produce in the stator core, thereby in armature coil, has the electromotive force of alternation to produce.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of small-sized AC permanent-magnet alternator for vehicle, this generator mainly is made up of stator and rotor, it is characterized in that: stator has three armature coils that are in 120 ° of phase differences; Rotor has permanent magnet and many to magnetic pole.

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