CN114465442B

CN114465442B - Speed regulator

Info

Publication number: CN114465442B
Application number: CN202210025129.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵韦人; 吴鹏向
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-01-11
Filing date: 2022-01-11
Publication date: 2023-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-11
Also published as: CN114465442A

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed regulator, which comprises a first rotating mechanism and a second rotating mechanism, wherein the first rotating mechanism comprises a first cylinder, a conductor is arranged on the first cylinder, the second rotating mechanism comprises a second cylinder which is coaxially arranged with the first cylinder, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the second cylinder at intervals, the permanent magnets circumferentially surround the second cylinder, the magnetic pole directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the first cylinder and the second cylinder keep a non-contact coupling state, the conductor generates eddy current and forms an induction magnetic field, the first rotating mechanism drives the second rotating mechanism to rotate through the interaction of the induction magnetic field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets, the rotating speed of the second rotating mechanism is changed through changing the coupling area of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, an insulating piece is arranged on the conductor, the insulating piece axially divides the conductor into a plurality of conductors, and the speed regulator is large in speed regulating range and more suitable for fan loads.

Description

Speed regulator

Technical Field

The invention is used in the field of mechanical transmission, and particularly relates to a speed regulator.

Background

The permanent magnet speed regulator generates relative motion between the permanent magnet and the conductor to make the conductor generate eddy current in the converted magnetic field, generate anti-magnetic field and interact with the original magnetic field to rotate the rotor, and the rotation speed of the driven rotor is reduced along with the reduction of the coupling area of the cylinder type permanent magnet speed regulator.

The permanent magnet speed regulator is used as a magnetic transmission device, can transfer torque between a motor and a load in a non-contact manner, eliminates mechanical vibration caused by mechanical contact between the motor and the load, has functions of soft start, overload protection and the like, is well applied to a plurality of industrial fields, such as fans, pumps, conveyors and the like, has a very high torque peak value of a rotating speed-torque characteristic curve of the current high-power speed regulator, has a larger torque descending trend along with the increase of slip after the torque reaches the peak value, cannot be well adapted to fan loads, can cause the speed regulating range of the speed regulator to be too narrow, and cannot meet actual requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a speed regulator which has a wide speed regulation range and can adapt to fan loads.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a speed regulator, includes first rotary mechanism and second rotary mechanism, first rotary mechanism includes first section of thick bamboo, be equipped with the conductor on the first section of thick bamboo, the second rotary mechanism include with the coaxial second section of thick bamboo that sets up of first section of thick bamboo, the interval is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets on the second section of thick bamboo, the permanent magnet circumferentially surrounds on the second section of thick bamboo, adjacent the magnetic pole opposite direction of permanent magnet, first section of thick bamboo with the second section of thick bamboo keeps contactless coupling state, the conductor produces the vortex and forms the induced magnetic field, first rotary mechanism passes through the interaction of induced magnetic field with the permanent magnet magnetic field drives the second rotary mechanism rotates, through the change the coupling area of first section of thick bamboo with the second section of thick bamboo changes the rotational speed of second rotary mechanism, be equipped with the insulator on the conductor will the conductor is cut apart into a plurality of conductors along the axial.

Preferably, the first rotating mechanism comprises a first supporting part, the first cylinder is arranged on the first supporting part, the second rotating mechanism comprises a second supporting part, the second cylinder is arranged on the second supporting part, a driving shaft connected with the motor is arranged on the first supporting part, and a driven shaft connected with a load is arranged on the second supporting part.

Preferably, the first supporting part is a first supporting disc, the second supporting part is a second supporting disc, the driving shaft is located at the center of the first supporting disc, the driven shaft is located at the center of the second supporting disc, and the driving shaft, the driven shaft and the first cylinder are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, the insulating member divides the conductor into a first conductor and a second conductor in the axial direction, the first conductor is provided between the first support member and the second conductor, and the length of the first conductor in the axial direction is equal to or greater than the length of the second conductor in the axial direction.

Preferably, the device further comprises a speed regulating device for changing the coupling area of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the driven shaft, and the speed regulating device is arranged on the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the second cylinder along the axial direction, the magnetic pole directions of the permanent magnets are arranged along the radial direction, and the permanent magnets are embedded into the second cylinder.

Preferably, the first cylinder comprises an outer first cylinder, an intermediate first cylinder and an inner first cylinder, the second cylinder comprises an outer second cylinder and an inner second cylinder, the permanent magnets on the outer second cylinder and the permanent magnets on the inner second cylinder in the same radial direction have the same magnetic pole direction, the outer second cylinder is located between the outer first cylinder and the intermediate first cylinder, and the inner first cylinder is located between the intermediate first cylinder and the inner first cylinder.

Preferably, the distance between the outer first barrel and the intermediate first barrel is equal to the distance between the intermediate first barrel and the inner first barrel.

Preferably, the inner side of the outer first cylinder is provided with a conductor, the inner side and the outer side of the middle first cylinder are both provided with conductors, the outer side of the inner first cylinder is provided with a conductor, and the first cylinder is made of a magnetic conductive material.

Preferably, the width of the permanent magnet on the outer second cylinder is larger than the width of the permanent magnet on the inner second cylinder.

One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: the first cylinder and the second cylinder of the speed regulator are mutually overlapped, the second cylinder is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets, when the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are in relative motion, as the magnetic pole directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, a variable magnetic field can be formed, the conductor of the first cylinder cuts a magnetic induction line in the variable magnetic field to generate vortex, the vortex interacts with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets, the first rotating mechanism drives the second rotating mechanism to rotate through the interaction of the magnetic field, the purpose of transmitting torque is achieved, and as current cannot pass through the insulating piece, the insulating piece can change the path of the original vortex of the conductor, further change the induction magnetic field, and increase the speed regulation range of the speed regulator, so that the speed regulator is suitable for fan loads.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of eddy current distribution and induced magnetic field of an integrated conductor structure governor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of eddy current distribution and induced magnetic field according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph of the speed versus torque characteristics of an integrated conductor structure governor;

fig. 6 is a graph of rotational speed versus torque characteristics for one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, if directions (up, down, left, right, front and rear) are described, they are merely for convenience of description of the technical solution of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the technical features must be in a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, "a plurality of" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more, and "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. are understood to not include the present number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include this number. In the description of the present invention, the description of "first" and "second" if any is used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the present invention, unless clearly defined otherwise, terms such as "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like should be construed broadly and may be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, for example; the connecting device can be fixedly connected, detachably connected and integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the words in the invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

The embodiment of the invention provides a speed regulator, referring to fig. 1, comprising a first rotary mechanism and a second rotary mechanism, wherein the first rotary mechanism comprises a first cylinder 110, a conductor 120 is arranged on the first cylinder 110, the second rotary mechanism comprises a second cylinder 210 coaxially arranged with the first cylinder 110, a plurality of permanent magnets 220 are arranged on the second cylinder 210 at intervals, the permanent magnets 220 circumferentially surround the second cylinder 210, when the first rotary mechanism and the second rotary mechanism relatively move, the magnetic pole directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 220 are opposite, a variable magnetic field can be formed, the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 210 keep a non-contact coupling state, the conductor 120 cuts the magnetic induction line of the permanent magnet magnetic field to generate vortex and form an induction magnetic field, the first rotary mechanism drives the second rotary mechanism to rotate through the interaction of the induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet magnetic field, the purpose of transmitting torque is achieved, by changing the coupling area of the first barrel 110 and the second barrel 210 to change the rotation speed of the second rotating mechanism, the insulating member 130 is arranged on the conductor 120, the insulating member 130 divides the conductor 120 into a plurality of conductors along the axial direction, the insulating member 130 changes the original eddy current path of the conductor 120 because the current cannot pass through the insulating material, see fig. 3, which is an eddy current distribution and induction magnetic field schematic diagram of the integrated conductor structure speed regulator, when the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism generate relative motion, the conductor cuts the magnetic induction line of the permanent magnet magnetic field to generate eddy current and form an induction magnetic field, see fig. 4, which is an eddy current distribution and induction magnetic field schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention, the insulating member 130 divides the conductor 120 into the first conductor 121 and the second conductor 122 along the axial direction, because the eddy current cannot pass through the insulating member 130, after the conductor 120 cuts the magnetic induction line of the permanent magnet magnetic field, compared with fig. 3, two smaller eddy currents are generated at the position where one eddy current is originally generated on the conductor of the integrated conductor structure speed regulator, the number of the induction magnetic fields generated by the eddy currents is increased by changing the two induction magnetic fields from one eddy current, and when the coupling degree of the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 210 is 60%, as shown in fig. 5, the rotating speed-torque curve and the load curve of the speed regulator have a plurality of intersection points in the range of 950-1400 rpm, namely, the rotating speed is unable to be stabilized in the range of 950-1400 rpm, so that the speed regulator cannot regulate in the range, the speed regulation range of the integrated conductor structure speed regulator is in the range of 1430-1470 rpm and the range of 450-900 rpm, the rotating speed is unable to be stabilized in the range of 900-1430 rpm, as shown in fig. 6, when the coupling degree of the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 210 is 40% -100%, the rotation speed-torque characteristic curves and the load curves have unique intersection points, the points are the values corresponding to the rotation speed and the output torque of the speed regulator in actual operation, namely, the speed of the speed regulator can be regulated within the range of 450 rpm-1455 rpm, namely, the speed regulating range of the speed regulator is increased, the speed regulator reduces the torque peak value, see fig. 5 and 6, the lowest value of the rotation speed-torque characteristic curve of the speed regulator, which is reached along with the reduction of the rotation speed, is larger than the lowest value of the torque of the speed regulator curve of the integrated conductor structure, which is reached along with the reduction of the rotation speed, so that the speed regulator is suitable for fan loads, it can be understood that 2 insulators 130 can be arranged to divide the conductor 120 into three parts along the axial direction, 3 insulators 130 can be arranged to divide the conductor into four parts along the axial direction, and the like, so as to increase the number of the induction magnetic fields, and the speed regulating range of the speed regulator is increased.

Preferably, the insulator 130 is disposed radially on the conductor 120.

Referring to fig. 1, the first rotating mechanism includes a first supporting member 140, a first cylinder 110 is provided on the first supporting member 140, the second rotating mechanism includes a second supporting member 230, the second cylinder 210 is provided on the second supporting member 230, a driving shaft 150 for connection with a motor is provided on the first supporting member 140, and a driven shaft 240 for connection with a load is provided on the second supporting member 230, thereby achieving torque transmission.

Referring to fig. 1, the first support member 140 is a first support plate, the second support member 230 is a second support plate, the driving shaft 150 is located at the center of the first support plate, the driven shaft 240 is located at the center of the second support plate, and the driving shaft 150 and the driven shaft 240 are coaxially disposed with the first cylinder 110.

Preferably, the first support member 140 is made of a non-magnetically conductive metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the insulator 130 divides the conductor 120 into the first conductor 121 and the second conductor 122 in the axial direction, the first conductor 121 is disposed between the first support member 140 and the second conductor 122, the length of the first conductor 121 in the axial direction is equal to or greater than the length of the second conductor 122 in the axial direction, at this time, the change of the original eddy current path of the conductor is greater, the effect of enlarging the speed adjusting range is more remarkable, when the length of the first conductor 121 in the axial direction is smaller than the length of the second conductor 122 in the axial direction, and the coupling degree of the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 210 is 100%, the speed adjusting torque characteristic curve is identical with the length of the first conductor 121 in the axial direction which is equal to or greater than the length of the second conductor 122 in the axial direction and the coupling degree of the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 210 is 100, but as the coupling degree of the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 210 is reduced, the coupling degree of the magnetic induction line no longer passes through the first conductor 121, the coupling part of the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 210 is only the second conductor 122, and the insulator 130 does not play a role of separation, so when the length of the first conductor 121 in the axial direction is smaller than the length of the second conductor 121 in the axial direction is greater than the length of the second conductor 122, and the length in the axial direction is greater than the axial direction, and the length of the second conductor is longer than the length of the conductor 122.

In some embodiments, the second conductor 122 is secured to the first barrel 110, and the first conductor 121 and the first barrel 110 are secured to the first support member 140.

The speed regulator further comprises a speed regulating device 300 for changing the coupling area of the first barrel 110 and the second barrel 210, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the driven shaft 240, the speed regulating device 300 is arranged on the shaft sleeve, the speed regulating device 300 can enable the second rotating mechanism to move along the axis, when the second rotating mechanism is far away from the first rotating mechanism, the rotating speed of the second rotating mechanism is reduced along with the reduction of the coupling area between the first barrel 110 and the second barrel 120, and the rotating speed of the driven shaft 240 is also reduced along with the reduction of the rotating speed of the second rotating mechanism.

In some embodiments, the permanent magnets 220 are uniformly distributed on the second cylinder 210 in the axial direction to ensure uniform distribution of magnetic flux density between the air gaps, and the magnetic pole directions of the permanent magnets 220 are arranged in the radial direction, preferably, the permanent magnets 220 are embedded inside the second cylinder 210.

Referring to fig. 1, the first cylinder 110 includes an outer first cylinder 111, an intermediate first cylinder 112, and an inner first cylinder 113, the second cylinder 210 includes an outer second cylinder 211 and an inner second cylinder 212, the permanent magnets 221 on the outer second cylinder 211 and the permanent magnets 222 of the inner second cylinder 212 in the same radial direction have the same magnetic pole direction, the outer second cylinder 211 is located between the outer first cylinder 111 and the intermediate first cylinder 112, the inner second cylinder 112 is located between the intermediate first cylinder 112 and the inner first cylinder 113, preferably, the distance of the outer second cylinder 211 and the outer first cylinder 111 is equal to the distance of the outer second cylinder 211 and the intermediate first cylinder 112, the distance of the inner second cylinder 212 and the intermediate first cylinder 112 is equal to the distance of the inner second cylinder 212 and the inner first cylinder 113, and with this multi-cylinder structure, more permanent magnets 220 can be accommodated with the same volume, and the corresponding output torque increases.

Preferably, the distance between the outer first cylinder 111 and the intermediate first cylinder 112 is equal to the distance between the intermediate first cylinder 112 and the inner first cylinder 113 so as to form a uniform vortex.

The inner side of the outer first cylinder 111 is provided with a conductor 120, the inner side and the outer side of the middle first cylinder 112 are provided with conductors 120, the outer side of the inner first cylinder 113 is provided with a conductor 120, and the first cylinder 110 is made of a magnetic conductive material.

Referring to fig. 2, it is preferable that the width of the permanent magnet 221 on the outer second cylinder 211 is greater than the width of the permanent magnet 222 on the inner second cylinder 212, and the proportion of the permanent magnet 221 on the outer second cylinder 211 to the outer second cylinder 211 is equal to the proportion of the permanent magnet 222 on the inner second cylinder 212 to the inner second cylinder 212.

Under the working state of the speed regulator, the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism perform relative movement, as the N, S magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets 220 on the second cylinder 210 are opposite in direction, the conductor 120 generates eddy currents in the changed magnetic field, and the induced magnetic field on the conductor 120 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 220, so that the first rotating mechanism drives the second rotating mechanism to rotate, the purpose of torque transmission is achieved, a multi-cylinder structure is adopted, more permanent magnets 220 can be accommodated under the same volume, and corresponding output torque is increased.

Referring to fig. 2, in operation, a primary magnetic circuit and a secondary magnetic circuit are generated, the primary magnetic circuit being: the closed loop is formed by the S pole of the permanent magnet 222 of the inner second cylinder 212, the N pole of the permanent magnet 222 of the inner second cylinder 212, the middle first cylinder 112, the S pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the outer second cylinder 211, the N pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the outer first cylinder 111, the S pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the adjacent outer second cylinder 211, the N pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the adjacent outer second cylinder 211, the middle first cylinder 112, the S pole of the permanent magnet 222 of the adjacent inner second cylinder 212, the N pole of the permanent magnet 222 of the adjacent inner second cylinder 212, the inner first cylinder 113, the S pole of the permanent magnet 222 of the inner second cylinder 212;

since the width of the permanent magnet on the outer second cylinder 211 is larger than that of the permanent magnet on the inner second cylinder 212, a set of secondary magnetic circuits without passing through the permanent magnet of the inner second cylinder 212 are formed, the secondary magnetic circuits being: the S pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the outer second cylinder 211, the N pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the outer second cylinder 211, the outer first cylinder 111, the S pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the adjacent outer second cylinder 211, the N pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the adjacent outer second cylinder 211, the intermediate first cylinder 112, the S pole of the permanent magnet 221 of the outer second cylinder 211 form a closed loop.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "example," "embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The present invention is, of course, not limited to the above-described embodiments, and one skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A speed governor, characterized by: the electric motor comprises a first rotating mechanism and a second rotating mechanism, wherein the first rotating mechanism comprises a first cylinder, a conductor is arranged on the first cylinder, the second rotating mechanism comprises a second cylinder which is coaxially arranged with the first cylinder, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the second cylinder at intervals, the permanent magnets circumferentially encircle the second cylinder, the magnetic pole directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the first cylinder and the second cylinder keep a non-contact coupling state, the conductor generates eddy current and forms an induction magnetic field, the first rotating mechanism drives the second rotating mechanism to rotate through the interaction of the induction magnetic field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets, the rotating speed of the second rotating mechanism is changed through changing the coupling area of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, an insulating part is arranged on the conductor, the conductor is divided into a plurality of conductors along the axial direction, the first rotating mechanism comprises a first supporting part, the first cylinder is arranged on the first supporting part, the second rotating mechanism comprises a second supporting part, the second supporting part is arranged on the second cylinder and is connected with the second conductor along the axial direction, the second supporting part is equal to the first conductor, and the second conductor is connected with the first conductor along the axial direction, and the second supporting part is connected with the second conductor along the axial direction, and the length of the first conductor is equal to the second conductor, and the second conductor is divided along the axial direction.

2. The governor of claim 1 wherein: the first support part is a first support disc, the second support part is a second support disc, the driving shaft is located at the center of the first support disc, the driven shaft is located at the center of the second support disc, and the driving shaft, the driven shaft and the first cylinder are coaxially arranged.

3. The governor of claim 1 wherein: the device also comprises a speed regulating device for changing the coupling area of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the driven shaft, and the speed regulating device is arranged on the shaft sleeve.

4. The governor of claim 1 wherein: the permanent magnets are axially distributed on the second cylinder, the magnetic pole directions of the permanent magnets are radially arranged, and the permanent magnets are embedded into the second cylinder.

5. The governor of claim 1 wherein: the first cylinder comprises an outer first cylinder, an intermediate first cylinder and an inner first cylinder, the second cylinder comprises an outer second cylinder and an inner second cylinder, the permanent magnets on the outer second cylinder and the permanent magnets on the inner second cylinder in the same radial direction have the same magnetic pole direction, the outer second cylinder is positioned between the outer first cylinder and the intermediate first cylinder, and the inner second cylinder is positioned between the intermediate first cylinder and the inner first cylinder.

6. The governor of claim 5 wherein: the distance between the outer first barrel and the intermediate first barrel is equal to the distance between the intermediate first barrel and the inner first barrel.

7. The governor of claim 5 wherein: the inner side of the outer first cylinder is provided with a conductor, the inner side and the outer side of the middle first cylinder are both provided with conductors, the outer side of the inner first cylinder is provided with a conductor, and the first cylinder is made of a magnetic conductive material.

8. The governor of claim 5 wherein: the width of the permanent magnet on the outer second cylinder is larger than that of the permanent magnet on the inner second cylinder.