CN112311181A

CN112311181A - Disk type motor with adjustable split stator magnetic field

Info

Publication number: CN112311181A
Application number: CN202011175480.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝立; 孔永�; 林明耀; 李世华; 戴斌
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2020-10-29
Filing date: 2020-10-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a disk type motor with an adjustable split stator magnetic field, which comprises two stators, a permanent magnet, a three-phase concentrated armature winding, a single-phase concentrated excitation winding and a rotor. The stator and the rotor are coaxially arranged, and the rotor is placed between the two stators. The armature winding is independently arranged on one stator, the permanent magnet and the electric excitation winding are arranged on the other stator, and the rotor is not provided with the permanent magnet or the winding, so that the structure is simple. The air-gap magnetic field is formed by an electric excitation magnetic field generated by an excitation winding and a permanent magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet, and the air-gap magnetic field is adjusted by changing electric excitation current. The armature winding and the excitation winding are respectively positioned on different stators, so that the torque density and the power density of the motor are improved, and the hybrid excitation function can be realized without additionally increasing the volume of the motor. The motor has smaller axial dimension, and is suitable for being applied to the occasions with strict requirements on thin installation, such as a hub driving motor for an electric automobile and the like.

Description

Disk type motor with adjustable split stator magnetic field

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hybrid excitation motors, and particularly relates to a split stator magnetic field adjustable disc type motor.

Background

With the development of the automobile industry and the increase of automobile consumption, energy crisis and environmental pollution become two major bottlenecks affecting the sustainable economic development of our country. The electric automobile has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution, low noise and the like, and is increasingly paid more attention by various countries in the world. The development of a high-performance motor driving system of an electric automobile and the improvement of the working efficiency of the driving system become one of important technical means for accelerating the development of the electric automobile. The motor is used as a core component of the driving system of the electric automobile, and the performance of the motor directly determines the driving capability and the performance of the electric automobile. At present, an alternating current motor and a permanent magnet motor are the main selection motors of the current electric automobile driving system, but under the condition of high-speed running of an alternating current asynchronous motor, a rotor is seriously heated, the efficiency and the power density of the asynchronous motor are low, and the improvement of the maximum driving mileage of an electric automobile is not beneficial. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor is difficult to adjust, and the high-speed operation range is narrow. The hybrid excitation motor introduces the electric excitation winding on the basis of the permanent magnet motor, realizes the flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field, widens the speed regulation range, and has huge application prospect in the field of electric automobiles. However, the permanent magnets of the traditional hybrid excitation motor are all arranged in the rotor, so that the problem of high-temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnets exists, the motor output is limited, the power density of the motor is reduced, and the performance of the hybrid excitation motor is further improved.

The permanent magnet of the disk type motor with the adjustable split stator magnetic field is located on the stator, cooling is convenient, the problem of high-temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnet of the traditional hybrid excitation motor can be solved, and compared with a radial magnetic field magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation motor, the disk type motor is more suitable for space installation of an electric automobile. The series magnetic circuit structure motor has the problems of low exciting current utilization rate and limited magnetic field adjusting capacity, and the series electric exciting magnetic flux can cause demagnetization of the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation motor with the magnetic conduction bridge structure increases the utilization rate of exciting current and reduces the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnet, but the magnetic conduction bridge can cause short circuit of the permanent magnet, and the output torque is reduced. The magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation motor adopting the E-shaped core structure arranges the electric excitation winding and the armature winding in the same stator, thereby compressing the winding space and reducing the torque density. The hybrid excitation flux switching motor adopting the parallel structure has the advantages of large volume, low torque density and complex structure.

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a split stator magnetic field adjustable disk type motor, which can realize flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field, widen the speed regulation range, realize low-speed large-torque output and improve the torque density.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a split stator magnetic field adjustable disc type motor, which can realize flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field, broaden the speed regulation range, realize low-speed large-torque output and improve the torque density, and comprises a first stator, a rotor and a second stator, wherein the rotor is positioned between the first stator and the second stator, the first stator, the second stator and the rotor are coaxially installed, an air gap I and an air gap II with equal thickness are reserved between the rotor and the first stator and between the rotor and the second stator, the first stator, the second stator and the rotor are of a salient pole structure, the first stator consists of twelve armature stator cores and twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings, the second stator consists of six magnetic field stator cores, six concentrated excitation coils and six permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are magnetized along the axial direction, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets are the same, each three-phase concentrated armature winding is wound on teeth of the armature stator core, the twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings are divided into three phases, each four three-phase concentrated armature windings are connected in series to form a phase winding, the six single-phase concentrated excitation windings are wound on the teeth of the stator core, the six single-phase concentrated excitation windings are connected in series to form a single-phase excitation winding, and the rotor comprises ten rotor poles arranged on the non-magnetic-conducting circular ring.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings include a first concentrated armature coil and a third concentrated armature coil which are diametrically opposed to each other, a second concentrated armature coil and a fourth concentrated armature coil which are diametrically opposed to each other, four coils of the first concentrated armature coil, the second concentrated armature coil, the third concentrated armature coil and the fourth concentrated armature coil which are sequentially connected end to end in series to form an a-phase winding, a fifth concentrated armature coil and a seventh concentrated armature coil which are diametrically opposed to each other, a sixth concentrated armature coil and an eighth concentrated armature coil which are radially opposed to each other, four coils of the fifth concentrated armature coil, the sixth concentrated armature coil, the seventh concentrated armature coil and the eighth concentrated armature coil which are sequentially connected end to end in series to form a B-phase winding, a ninth concentrated armature coil and an eleventh concentrated armature coil which are diametrically opposed to each other, and a tenth concentrated armature coil and a twelfth concentrated armature coil which are radially opposed to each other, and the ninth concentrated armature coil, the tenth concentrated armature coil, the eleventh concentrated armature coil and the twelfth concentrated armature coil are sequentially connected in series end to form a C-phase winding.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the six single-phase concentrated excitation windings are all located on the stator and radially wound on the teeth of the magnetic field stator core of the stator, and the six excitation coils, namely the first excitation coil, the second excitation coil, the third excitation coil, the fourth excitation coil, the fifth excitation coil and the sixth excitation coil, are sequentially connected in series end to form the single-phase concentrated excitation winding.

As a further improvement of the invention, the permanent magnet and the single-phase concentrated excitation winding are positioned in the same stator, and the three-phase concentrated armature winding is positioned in the other stator.

As a further improvement of the invention, the armature stator core teeth and the magnetic field stator core teeth both adopt a rectangular tooth structure, and the permanent magnets and the rotor poles both adopt a fan-shaped structure.

As a further improvement of the invention, the rotor pole, the stator iron core and the stator iron core are all punched by silicon steel sheets, and the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1) the disk type motor with the adjustable split stator magnetic field integrates the advantages of a permanent magnet motor and an electric excitation motor. The added electric excitation winding can be placed without increasing the volume of the motor, the air gap field of the motor can be conveniently adjusted by controlling the size and the direction of the current of the excitation winding, and the wide speed regulation range operation of the motor is realized.

2) The stator adopts a partition structure, the armature winding is separately placed in one stator, the excitation winding and the permanent magnet are separately placed in the other stator, the winding slot space is increased, and the output torque is improved.

3) The armature winding and the excitation winding are both concentrated windings, the end parts are short, copper consumption is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved.

4) The rotor is not provided with the permanent magnet and the winding, the structure is simple, the operation is reliable, and the stability of the motor driving system is improved.

5) The motor adopts a disc structure, has short axial dimension and high power density, and is very suitable for being applied to the occasions of electric automobiles.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a split stator field adjustable disk motor,

figure 2 is a sectional magnetic field increasing running state (planar development view) of the disc type motor with the adjustable stator magnetic field,

figure 3 shows a sectional view of the demagnetizing operation state of the stator field adjustable disk motor (planar development),

the above figures include: 1. a first stator; 2. a rotor; 3. a second stator; 4. a permanent magnet; 5. armature stator core teeth; 6. a three-phase concentrated armature winding; 611. a first concentrated armature coil; 612. a second concentrated armature coil; 613. a third concentrated armature coil; 614. a fourth concentrated armature coil; 621. a fifth concentrated armature coil; 622. a sixth concentrated armature coil; 623. a seventh concentrated armature coil; 624. an eighth concentrated armature coil; 631. a ninth concentrated armature coil; 632. a tenth concentrated armature coil; 633. an eleventh concentrated armature coil; 634. a twelfth concentrated armature coil; 7. magnetic field stator core teeth; 8. a single-phase concentrated excitation winding; 801. a first concentrated excitation coil; 802. a second concentrated excitation coil; 803. a third concentrated excitation coil; 804. a fourth concentrated excitation coil; 805. a fifth concentrated excitation coil; 806. a sixth concentrated excitation coil; 9. a rotor pole; 10. a non-magnetically conductive ring; 11. an air gap I; 12. an air gap II; 13. a permanent magnetic circuit; 14. the magnetic circuit is electrically excited.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:

the invention provides a disk type motor with an adjustable split stator magnetic field, which can realize flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field, broaden the speed regulation range, realize low-speed large-torque output and improve torque density.

As shown in fig. 1, the split stator field adjustable disk motor of the present invention includes a first stator 1, a second stator 3, and a rotor 2, wherein the rotor 2 is located between the first stator 1 and the second stator 3. The first stator 1, the second stator 3 and the rotor 2 are coaxially installed, and a first air gap 11 and a second air gap 12 with equal thickness are reserved between the rotor 2 and the first stator 1 and the second stator 3. The first stator 1, the second stator 3, and the rotor 2 are each a salient pole structure.

The first stator 1 is composed of twelve armature stator cores 5 and twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings 6, the second stator 2 is composed of six magnetic field stator cores 7, six single-phase

concentrated excitation windings

8 and 6 permanent magnets 4, the magnetic field stator cores 7 and the permanent magnets 4 are alternately arranged, the permanent magnets 4 are magnetized along the axial direction, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 4 are the same.

The first concentrated armature coil 611 and the third concentrated armature coil 613 are diametrically opposed, the second concentrated armature coil 612 and the fourth concentrated armature coil 614 are diametrically opposed, and the four

coils

611, 612, 613 and 614 are sequentially connected end to end in series to form an a-phase winding. The fifth concentrated armature coil 621 and the seventh concentrated armature coil 623 are diametrically opposed, the sixth concentrated armature coil 622 and the eighth concentrated armature coil 624 are diametrically opposed, and the four

coils

621, 622, 623 and 624 are sequentially connected in series end to end in sequence to form a B-phase winding. The ninth concentrated armature coil 631 and the eleventh concentrated armature coil 633 are diametrically opposed, the tenth concentrated armature coil 632 and the twelfth concentrated armature coil 634 are diametrically opposed, and the four

coils

631, 632, 633, 634 are sequentially connected in series end to end in this order to constitute a C-phase winding.

The excitation winding consists of six single-phase concentrated excitation windings 8. The first excitation coil 801, the second excitation coil 802, the third excitation coil 803, the fourth excitation coil 804, the fifth excitation coil 805, and the sixth excitation coil 806 are all located on the stator 2, and are radially wound on the core teeth of the stator 2. The six

excitation coils

801, 802, 803, 804, 805 and 806 are sequentially connected in series end to form a single-phase concentrated excitation winding.

The rotor 2 has a total of ten teeth, referred to as ten rotor poles 9, uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of a non-magnetic ring 10 of the rotor 2. The rotor 2 is not provided with the permanent magnet 4, the armature winding 6 and the excitation winding 8, and the structure is simple.

Wherein, the armature stator iron core teeth 5 and the magnetic field stator iron core teeth 7 adopt a rectangular structure, the permanent magnets 4 and the rotor poles 9 both adopt a fan-shaped structure,

the rotor pole 9, the stator iron core 5 and the stator iron core 7 are all punched by silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability, and the permanent magnet 4 is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials.

When the motor is in the position shown in fig. 2 and 3, according to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 4, the permanent magnet flux penetrates through the air gap 12 into the rotor pole 9, then penetrates through the air gap one 11 into the armature stator core teeth 5 of the first stator 1, then passes through the air gap one 11, the rotor pole 9, the air gap two 12, the magnetic field stator core teeth 7 of the stator 3, and returns to the permanent magnet through the yoke portion, and according to the permanent magnet magnetic circuit 13 and the electric excitation magnetic circuit 14, at this time, if an electric excitation magnetic potential in the same direction as the permanent magnet magnetic potential is applied through the excitation winding, the resultant magnetic flux linkage in the armature winding can be increased, as shown in fig. 2. Conversely, if the direction of the field current is changed so that the direction of the electrical field flux is opposite to the direction of the permanent magnet flux, the resultant flux linkage in the armature coil will be reduced, as shown in fig. 3. The permanent magnetic field can be adjusted by changing the magnitude and the direction of the current in the electric excitation winding, and the problem of difficulty in adjusting the magnetic field of the disc type permanent magnet motor is solved.

The disk type motor with the adjustable split stator magnetic field has a strong magnetism gathering effect, and the air gap flux density of the motor is high, so that the motor has high power density and high torque density. The armature winding and the excitation winding both adopt concentrated windings, the end part is short, the resistance is small, and the motor efficiency is high.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A disc type motor with an adjustable split stator magnetic field comprises a first stator (1), a rotor (2) and a second stator (3), wherein the rotor (2) is located between the first stator (1) and the second stator (3), the first stator (1), the second stator (3) and the rotor (2) are coaxially mounted, a first air gap (11) and a second air gap (12) which are equal in thickness are reserved between the rotor (2) and the first stator (1) and between the rotor (2) and the second stator (3), the first stator (1), the second stator (3) and the rotor (2) are of salient pole structures, the first stator (1) is composed of twelve armature stator cores (5) and twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings (6), and the second stator (2) is composed of six magnetic field stator cores (7), six concentrated armature coils (8) and six permanent magnets (4), the magnetic field stator iron core (7) and the permanent magnet (4) are alternately placed, the permanent magnet (4) is magnetized along the axial direction, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnet (4) are the same, each three-phase concentrated armature winding (6) is wound on the teeth of the armature stator iron core teeth (5), twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings (6) are divided into three phases, every four three-phase concentrated armature windings (6) are connected in series to form a phase winding, six single-phase concentrated excitation windings (8) are wound on the teeth of the stator iron core (7), six single-phase concentrated excitation windings (8) are connected in series to form a single-phase excitation winding, and the rotor (2) comprises ten rotor poles (9) arranged on a non-magnetic conduction circular ring (10).

2. The split stator field adjustable disk motor of claim 1, wherein: the first concentrated armature coil (611) and the third concentrated armature coil (613) of the twelve three-phase concentrated armature windings (6) are opposite in radial direction, the second concentrated armature coil (612) and the fourth concentrated armature coil (614) are opposite in radial direction, the four coils of the first concentrated armature coil (611), the second concentrated armature coil (612), the third concentrated armature coil (613) and the fourth concentrated armature coil (614) are sequentially connected in series end to form an A-phase winding, the fifth concentrated armature coil (621) and the seventh concentrated armature coil (623) are opposite in radial direction, the sixth concentrated armature coil (622) and the eighth concentrated armature coil (624) are opposite in radial direction, the four coils of the fifth concentrated armature coil (621), the sixth concentrated armature coil (622), the seventh concentrated armature coil (623) and the eighth concentrated armature coil (624) are sequentially connected in series end to form a B-phase winding, the ninth concentrated armature coil (631) and the eleventh concentrated armature coil (633) are diametrically opposed, the tenth concentrated armature coil (632) and the twelfth concentrated armature coil (634) are diametrically opposed, and the ninth concentrated armature coil (631), the tenth concentrated armature coil (632), the eleventh concentrated armature coil (633) and the twelfth concentrated armature coil (634) are sequentially connected end to end in series to form a C-phase winding.

3. The split stator field adjustable disk motor of claim 1, wherein: six single-phase concentrated excitation windings (8) all are located stator (2), radially wind on magnetic field stator iron core tooth (7) of stator (2), six excitation coil first excitation coil (801), second excitation coil (802), third excitation coil (803), fourth excitation coil (804), fifth excitation coil (805) and sixth excitation coil (806) are in proper order end to end series connection in proper order, constitute single-phase concentrated excitation winding.

4. The split stator field adjustable disk motor of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet (4) and the single-phase concentrated excitation winding (8) are positioned on the same stator, and the three-phase concentrated armature winding (6) is positioned on the other stator.

5. The split stator field adjustable disk motor of claim 1, wherein: the armature stator iron core teeth (5) and the magnetic field stator iron core teeth (7) are both in rectangular tooth structures, and the permanent magnets (4) and the rotor poles (9) are both in fan-shaped structures.

6. The split stator field adjustable disk motor of claim 1, wherein: the rotor pole (9), the stator iron core (5) and the stator iron core (7) are all formed by punching silicon steel sheets, and the permanent magnet (4) is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials.