CN113078792B - Axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor - Google Patents
Axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113078792B CN113078792B CN202110383751.6A CN202110383751A CN113078792B CN 113078792 B CN113078792 B CN 113078792B CN 202110383751 A CN202110383751 A CN 202110383751A CN 113078792 B CN113078792 B CN 113078792B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
- H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
- H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
- H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless mixed excitation motor, which comprises an axial rotor and is characterized in that permanent magnet N poles distributed in an array manner are tightly fixed on one side of the axial rotor, permanent magnet S poles distributed in an array manner are tightly fixed on one side of the axial rotor, iron core poles distributed in an array manner are fixedly arranged on one side of the axial rotor, an axial stator is arranged on one side of the axial rotor, the axial rotor and the axial stator are coaxial, an air gap is arranged between the axial rotor and the axial stator, an armature winding is tightly arranged on one side of the axial stator, the armature winding is close to the air gap, an alternating current excitation winding for realizing brushless excitation is tightly arranged between the armature winding and the axial stator, the armature winding and the alternating current excitation winding are wound on the axial stator, and the armature winding and the alternating current excitation winding are coaxial. The motor of the invention adopts the AC excitation winding, saves the electric brush and the slip ring, realizes brushless excitation, reduces the cost of the motor and improves the reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor, in particular to an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor.
Background
Due to the problems of energy shortage, serious environmental pollution and the like, a sustainable life and production mode becomes an urgent need. In order to reduce the exhaust emission of fuel automobiles and the like, the development of electric automobiles is increasingly promoted in various countries. Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile, the electric automobile has the advantages of high efficiency, low pollution, low noise and the like. The driving motor is a core component of an electric vehicle, and is required to have the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density, high reliability and the like. The permanent magnet synchronous motor gradually occupies the electric automobile driving motor market by the advantages of high power density, high efficiency and the like.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is divided into a radial direction and an axial direction according to the magnetic flux direction, compared with a radial magnetic flux motor, the magnetic flux direction of the axial magnetic flux motor forms a closed loop along a rotating shaft, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of short axial size, light weight, small size, high efficiency, good heat dissipation performance, high power density and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless mixed excitation motor, which adopts an alternating current excitation winding to omit an electric brush and a slip ring, realizes brushless excitation, reduces the cost of the motor, improves the reliability, increases the magnetism and weakens the magnetism of a main magnetic field by the alternating current excitation winding, is flexible to adjust, has better magnetic field adjusting capacity, is a hot backup of an armature winding when used as an alternating current armature, provides output torque when the armature winding fails, has fault tolerance, adopts an alternating structure of a permanent magnet N pole and a permanent magnet S pole, replaces part of permanent magnets by iron core poles, saves the cost, simultaneously provides an excitation path for the iron core poles, connects a permanent magnetic flux and an excitation magnetic flux in parallel, reduces the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnets, is convenient to adjust the magnetism, adopts a fractional slot concentrated winding for the armature winding, has the advantages of short end part, small copper consumption and compact structure, and is suitable for integration level, High power and density.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor, axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor includes axial rotor, its characterized in that, one side fastening of axial rotor is equipped with the permanent magnet N utmost point that the array distributes, and one side fastening of axial rotor is equipped with the permanent magnet S utmost point that the array distributes, and one side of axial rotor is fixed to be equipped with the iron core pole that the array distributes, and one side of axial rotor is equipped with axial stator.
The axial rotor and the axial stator are coaxial, and an air gap is arranged between the axial rotor and the axial stator.
An armature winding is fixedly arranged on one side of the axial stator, the armature winding is close to the air gap, an alternating current excitation winding used for realizing brushless excitation is fixedly arranged between the armature winding and the axial stator, the armature winding and the alternating current excitation winding are wound on the axial stator, and the armature winding and the alternating current excitation winding are coaxial.
Furthermore, the axial rotor adopts an alternating structure of permanent magnet N poles and permanent magnet S poles, and the permanent magnet N poles, the permanent magnet S poles and the iron core poles are uniformly and alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the two sides of the iron core poles are permanent magnet poles with the same polarity, the permanent magnet poles are a permanent magnet N pole and a permanent magnet S pole, the polarities of the adjacent iron core poles are opposite, the iron core poles provide excitation paths, and the permanent magnet magnetic flux and the excitation magnetic flux are connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the armature winding adopts a fractional slot concentrated winding, the alternating current excitation winding adopts a fractional slot short-distance distributed winding, and the alternating current excitation winding is a hot backup of the armature winding and can provide output torque.
Further, the number of pole pairs of the armature winding is equal to the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor.
Furthermore, the number of pole pairs of the alternating-current excitation winding is equal to that of the pole pairs of the iron core.
Further, the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor is equal to the sum of the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet and the number of pole pairs of the iron core.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor adopts the alternating current excitation winding, saves the electric brush and the slip ring, realizes brushless excitation, reduces the cost of the motor and improves the reliability;
2. according to the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor, the alternating current excitation winding performs magnetic enhancement and magnetic weakening on a main magnetic field, the adjustment is flexible, the magnetic field adjustment capacity is good, when the alternating current excitation motor is used as an alternating current armature, the alternating current excitation winding is a hot backup of an armature winding, when the armature winding breaks down, an output torque is provided, and the fault tolerance is realized;
3. the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor adopts an alternating structure of the permanent magnet N pole and the permanent magnet S pole, the iron core pole replaces part of the permanent magnet, the cost is saved, meanwhile, the iron core pole provides an excitation path, and the permanent magnet magnetic flux and the excitation magnetic flux are connected in parallel, so that the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnet is reduced, and the magnetic regulation is convenient;
4. the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor has the advantages that the armature winding adopts fractional slot concentrated winding, the end part is short, the copper consumption is low, and the structure is compact, and is suitable for occasions with higher integration level, power and density.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the pure permanent magnetic field of the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the magnetizing field of the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the weak magnetic field of the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor comprises an axial rotor 1, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, permanent magnet N poles 2 distributed in an array are fastened on one side of the axial rotor 1, permanent magnet S poles 3 distributed in an array are fastened on one side of the axial rotor 1, iron core poles 4 distributed in an array are fixed on one side of the axial rotor 1, and an axial stator 7 is arranged on one side of the axial rotor 1.
The axial rotor 1 and the axial stator 7 are coaxial, and an air gap is arranged between the axial rotor 1 and the axial stator 7.
An armature winding 5 is fixedly arranged on one side of the axial stator 7, the armature winding 5 is close to an air gap, an alternating current excitation winding 6 for realizing brushless excitation is fixedly arranged between the armature winding 5 and the axial stator 7, the armature winding 5 and the alternating current excitation winding 6 are wound on the axial stator 7, and the armature winding 5 and the alternating current excitation winding 6 are coaxial.
The axial rotor 1 adopts a permanent magnet N pole 2 and permanent magnet S pole 3 alternating structure, and the permanent magnet N pole 2, the permanent magnet S pole 3 and the iron core pole 4 are uniformly and alternately arranged along the circumferential direction; the two sides of the iron core poles 4 are homopolar permanent magnet poles, the polarities of the adjacent iron core poles 4 are opposite, the axial rotor 1 adopts an alternating structure of permanent magnet N poles 2 and permanent magnet S poles 3, partial permanent magnets are replaced by the iron core poles 4, the using amount of the permanent magnets is reduced, the cost is saved, meanwhile, the iron core poles 4 provide excitation paths, the permanent magnet magnetic flux and the excitation magnetic flux are connected in parallel, the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnets is reduced, and the magnetic adjustment is convenient.
The armature winding 5 adopts fractional slot concentrated winding and has the advantages of short end part, small copper consumption and compact structure.
The AC excitation winding 6 adopts fractional slot short-distance distributed windings, the AC excitation winding 6 omits an electric brush and a slip ring in a motor, brushless excitation is realized, the cost of the motor is reduced, the reliability is improved, when the AC excitation winding is used for magnetic adjustment, the main magnetic field is flexibly increased and weakened, the magnetic field adjusting capacity is better, when the AC excitation winding is used as an AC armature, the AC excitation winding 6 is a hot backup of the armature winding 5, and when the armature winding 5 breaks down, the output torque can be provided.
The number of pole pairs of the armature winding 5 is equal to that of the axial rotor 1, the number of pole pairs of the alternating-current excitation winding 6 is equal to that of the iron core pole 4, the sum of the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor 1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet pole and the number of pole pairs of the iron core pole 4 is equal, and the permanent magnet pole is a permanent magnet N pole 2 and a permanent magnet S pole 3.
The following examples are provided to further explain an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor of the present invention:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the axial-magnetic-field alternating-pole brushless hybrid excitation motor adopts three phases, the armature winding 5 adopts 12-pole 18 slots, and the alternating-current excitation winding 6 adopts 4-pole 18 slots, and the same applies to the matching of other slots and poles. The number of pole pairs of the armature winding 5 is equal to the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor 1, the number of pole pairs of the alternating-current excitation winding 6 is equal to the number of pole pairs of the iron core pole 4, and the sum of the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor 1, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet pole and the number of pole pairs of the iron core pole 4 is equal.
The axial rotor 1 adopts an alternating structure of a permanent magnet N pole 2 and a permanent magnet S pole 3, so that the polarities of adjacent iron core poles 4 are opposite, the excitation magnetic flux is ensured to form a passage, the effective magnetization and the field weakening are realized, the magnetic flux under the permanent magnet poles basically keeps unchanged and contributes to a main excitation magnetic field, the magnetic flux of the iron core poles 4 is generated by an alternating current excitation winding 6, the size of the lower magnetic flux of the iron core poles 4 can be adjusted, the size and the direction of the excitation current are controlled, and the magnetic field adjustment is realized. When the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the alternating-current excitation winding 6 is the same as that of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet, the air gap flux linkage is increased; when the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the ac field winding 6 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets, the air gap flux linkage decreases.
Example 2:
the air gap magnetic field can be adjusted by adopting the alternating current excitation winding 6, when the armature winding 5 fails, the alternating current excitation winding 6 is used as a hot backup of the armature winding 5, contributes to output torque, and has fault tolerance. When the motor runs below the basic speed, the output torque of the motor is improved by increasing the magnetism through the exciting current; when the motor operates above the base number, the field weakening is performed through the exciting current, and the operating speed range of the motor is expanded.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. An axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor comprises an axial rotor (1), and is characterized in that permanent magnet N poles (2) distributed in an array are tightly arranged on one side of the axial rotor (1), permanent magnet S poles (3) distributed in an array are tightly arranged on one side of the axial rotor (1), iron core poles (4) distributed in an array are fixedly arranged on one side of the axial rotor (1), and an axial stator (7) is arranged on one side of the axial rotor (1);
the axial rotor (1) and the axial stator (7) are coaxial, and an air gap is formed between the axial rotor (1) and the axial stator (7);
an armature winding (5) is fixedly arranged on one side of the axial stator (7), the armature winding (5) is close to an air gap, an alternating current excitation winding (6) for realizing brushless excitation is fixedly arranged between the armature winding (5) and the axial stator (7), the armature winding (5) and the alternating current excitation winding (6) are wound on the axial stator (7), and the armature winding (5) and the alternating current excitation winding (6) are coaxial;
the axial rotor (1) adopts a permanent magnet N pole (2) and permanent magnet S pole (3) alternating structure, and the permanent magnet N pole (2), the permanent magnet S pole (3) and the iron core pole (4) are uniformly and alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.
2. An axial field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sides of the core poles (4) are homopolar permanent magnet poles, the permanent magnet poles are permanent magnet N poles (2) and permanent magnet S poles (3), the polarities of adjacent core poles (4) are opposite, the core poles (4) provide excitation paths, and the permanent magnet flux and the excitation flux are connected in parallel.
3. An axial field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor according to claim 1, wherein the armature winding (5) adopts fractional slot concentrated winding, the ac excitation winding (6) adopts fractional slot short pitch distributed winding, and when the ac excitation winding is used as an ac armature, the ac excitation winding (6) is a hot backup of the armature winding (5) and can provide output torque.
4. An axial field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of pole pairs of the armature winding (5) is equal to the number of pole pairs of the axial rotor (1).
5. An axial field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of pole pairs of the ac excitation winding (6) is equal to the number of pole pairs of the core poles (4).
6. An axial field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial rotor (1) pole pair number is equal to the sum of the permanent magnet pole pair number and the core pole (4) pole pair number.
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CN116317421B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-29 | 湖南大学 | Single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor |
CN116260305A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-13 | 湖南大学 | Modularized axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation motor based on Halbach magnetic focusing rotor |
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CN106487178A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-08 | 东南大学 | A kind of disc type bimorph transducer composite excitation motor |
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JP2008099456A (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2008-04-24 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Axial gap type motor and fluid pump using same |
JP6776841B2 (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2020-10-28 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Rotating electric machine control system and its adjustment method |
CN107276356B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-04-23 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of axial magnetic flux brushless hybrid excitation motor |
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CN106487178A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-08 | 东南大学 | A kind of disc type bimorph transducer composite excitation motor |
CN109274240A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-25 | 沈阳工业大学 | Compound amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine |
CN112311180A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-02 | 南京理工大学 | Double-stator hybrid excitation type axial magnetic field flux switching motor |
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