CN116317421B - Single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor - Google Patents
Single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor Download PDFInfo
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
- H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2798—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets where both axial sides of the stator face a rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
The application discloses a single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor, which comprises a casing, a middle disc type stator, an annular direct current excitation unit, two disc type rotors and two rotating shafts, wherein the middle disc type stator, the annular direct current excitation unit, the two disc type rotors and the two rotating shafts are axially arranged in the casing; the middle disc type stator is fixed on the shell, a set of armature windings is wound on the outer edge of the middle disc type stator, the phase sequences of the windings on the two sides are opposite, and the direct current excitation unit is fixed in the middle of the middle disc type stator and excites the air gap excitation magnetic fields on the two sides and the like. The single-stator double-rotor hybrid excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor provided by the application can be applied to various counter-rotating systems under an asymmetric load working condition, such as a coaxial double-rotor system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, propulsion of an underwater vehicle propeller, a robot joint, new energy wind power generation and the like, and not only can the system performance be improved, but also the system performance is economical and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of excitation counter-rotating motors, in particular to a single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor.
Background
The counter-rotating motor is provided with two independent mechanical output ports, meanwhile, the power density and the working efficiency of the motor are high, the rotation moment generated in the circumferential direction during the counter-rotating operation of the motor are mutually counteracted, the occurrence of side rolling or side turning can be effectively avoided, and the stability of the system is ensured. Compared with a traditional counter-rotating driving system in which a single-rotor motor is matched with a gear box to rotate in the opposite direction, the counter-rotating motor has the advantages of simple transmission chain, compact structure, good reliability, economy and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for various counter-rotating systems which are often under asymmetric load working conditions, such as a coaxial double-rotor system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, propulsion of a propeller of an underwater vehicle, a robot joint, new energy wind power generation and the like.
At present, development and research of a counter-rotating motor mainly comprise two types: a stator-rotor counter-rotating motor and a double-rotor counter-rotating motor; the former mainly aims at the improvement of the traditional motor structure, namely, a stator is taken as an outer rotor, and the motor rotates relative to a machine seat and is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor, and the defects of the motor are as follows: because of the rotary motion of the stator, a slip ring and an electric brush are required to be introduced into a stator power supply, the reliability of the system is reduced, and the mechanical structure is complex. The double-rotor contra-rotating motor is generally provided with a stator and two rotors, wherein the two rotors are mutually independent in mechanical structure and fixed on a machine base through bearings, and two stator windings are configured to generate a counter-rotating magnetic field, so that the double-rotor contra-rotating can be realized. The radial magnetic flux single-stator double-rotor counter-rotating motor has the inherent disadvantages of asymmetric structure of the inner rotor and the outer rotor, complex electromagnetic coupling relationship, unbalanced output torque of the double-sided rotor of the motor, difficult heat dissipation of the inner rotor and high control technical requirements. Compared with the axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor, the stator and the rotor are coaxially and parallelly arranged, the axial length is short, the structure is compact, the heat dissipation effect is good, the torque density is high, the vibration noise is small, and the axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor has remarkable advantages in application occasions with harsh requirements on weight and volume, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, underwater vehicles and robots.
The hybrid excitation synchronous motor is a novel motor with two magnetic potential sources of an excitation winding and a permanent magnet, and on the basis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, an auxiliary direct current excitation winding is introduced, so that the advantages of the electric excitation motor in a wide speed regulation range are achieved while the torque performance, the high power density and the high efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are inherited. The efficiency of the low-speed high-torque and high-speed weak magnetic operation area is obviously improved by adjusting the magnetic field through exciting current, and the method has wide application prospect in the field of driving in a wide speed regulation range.
The mixed excitation technology is applied to the axial magnetic flux double-rotor motor, so that the air gap magnetic fields at two sides can be flexibly adjusted, and the unbalanced load operation condition can be met on the premise of a single electric port. It should be noted that, at present, there is little design research on a hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor, and a single (double) stator and double rotor hybrid excitation motor is mainly concentrated on research on driving a single load by the same-direction and same-speed rotation of double rotors.
The patent application with publication number of CN113437849A discloses a double-rotor single-stator axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation motor, wherein two rotor yokes are in close contact with a magnetic conduction cover, rotate in the same direction at the same speed, and do not have relative movement. The rotor disc is provided with a main permanent magnet, soft magnetic poles alternately arranged with the main permanent magnet, auxiliary permanent magnets for auxiliary direct current excitation, a magnetism isolating body for reducing magnetism leakage of the auxiliary permanent magnets, and a magnetism isolating cover is provided with magnetism isolating teeth and magnetism isolating grooves formed between the two teeth; the magnetic conducting teeth are closely attached to the yoke part of the rotor and are staggered and opposite to the soft magnetic poles, and the magnetic isolating grooves are staggered and opposite to the permanent magnets. The DC excitation flux is formed into a closed loop through the stator, the double air gaps, the soft magnetic poles, the rotor yoke and the magnetic conduction cover, and does not pass through the permanent magnet, so that the DC excitation flux has obvious effect of increasing and removing magnetism, the excitation loss is lower, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be avoided, the reliability of the motor is enhanced to a certain extent, the running range of a wider rotating speed is further provided, and the constant voltage power generation capacity is stronger. The design still has the following disadvantages in motor performance: (1) The magnetic conduction cover structure and the auxiliary permanent magnet are introduced, the motor is complex to assemble and the volume is increased to a certain extent; (2) The device can only be used for balancing loads of the same-direction and same-speed movements of two ends, and has certain limit on application occasions. The Chinese patent with publication number of CN112737255B discloses a disk type double-rotor counter-rotating motor, which has the same structure as the two rotors in the design, and is symmetrically arranged on two sides of a stator along the axial direction, wherein the stator adopts two sets of windings which are symmetrically distributed and have opposite phase arrangement modes, and when alternating currents with equal frequency and amplitude are supplied, the two rotors rotate in the same speed and opposite directions, and the output torque is equal. The stator concentrated winding is adopted, so that the length of the winding end part is effectively reduced, the power density is improved, but the two sets of windings are required to be controlled respectively, the technical requirements for motor control are high, the difficulty is high, and the weak magnetic speed expansion performance is limited.
In summary, the above method technologies do not solve the problem of unbalanced load of the single-stator double-rotor counter-rotating motor, and related patents and documents in China do not provide effective implementation cases in the aspect of unbalanced load of the single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the application provides a single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor so as to properly solve the problems in the background technology.
For this purpose, the application adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor comprises a machine shell, a middle disc type stator, a direct current excitation unit, two disc type rotors and two rotating shafts, wherein the middle disc type stator, the direct current excitation unit, the two disc type rotors and the two rotating shafts are arranged in the machine shell along the axial direction; the middle disc type stator is fixed on the shell, a set of armature windings is wound on the outer edge of the middle disc type stator, the phase sequences of the windings on the two sides are opposite, and the direct current excitation unit is fixed in the middle of the middle disc type stator and adjusts the air gap excitation magnetic fields on the two sides; the two disc-type rotors are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the middle disc-type stator and are respectively fixed with the input end of one rotating shaft, and the output ends of the two rotating shafts are respectively connected with two reversely rotating loads.
In a possible design, the two disc-type rotors comprise rotor back iron, sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and soft magnetic poles, the sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and the soft magnetic poles are alternately arranged, the sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and the soft magnetic poles on the same disc are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the magnetizing directions of the sector permanent magnets are the same; the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets on the two rotor disks are the same.
In a possible design, the middle disc stator includes a stator boss, a stator yoke and stator teeth of a fixed dc excitation unit, which are sequentially arranged along a radial direction, the stator teeth are distributed on the front and back surfaces of the middle disc stator, a single set of three-phase windings is wound on the stator teeth on two sides, and the winding phases are opposite, so that a pair of counter-rotating magnetic fields are generated.
In one possible design, the middle disc type stator core is a combined stator, and the middle part of the stator is formed by casting an SMC soft magnetic composite material; the winding silicon steel sheet stators which are axially and symmetrically distributed are arranged at two sides of the SMC stator, respectively correspond to the two disc rotors, and stator teeth at two sides are axially and uniformly and symmetrically distributed.
In a possible design, the direct current excitation unit comprises a framework and an excitation coil, wherein the framework is made of non-magnetic conductive insulating materials, is annular along the inner circumferential direction of stator teeth at two sides, and is provided with a U-shaped groove; the exciting coil is wound and embedded in the U-shaped groove in an annular mode through enameled wires.
In one possible design, both disc rotors are fixed to the housing by bearings.
In one possible design, the dc excitation unit is fixed to the middle disc stator by epoxy potting.
In one possible design, the rotor back iron material is made of high-magnetic-conductivity structural steel, and the soft magnetic poles are formed by winding silicon steel sheets.
In one possible design, the sector permanent magnet poles and the soft magnetic poles are adhered to the surface of the rotor back iron through magnet glue or anaerobic glue, and can also be connected and arranged through a clamping ring, and are integrally fixed on the surface of the rotor back iron by using bolts or edge-covering inlays.
Aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art and aiming at the requirements of a counter-rotating system under the working condition of asymmetric load, the application provides a novel single-stator double-rotor mixed excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor, which is used for solving the problem of reverse adjustment of air gap magnetic fields at two sides of the counter-rotating motor under the working condition of asymmetric load by introducing an auxiliary magnetic regulating winding from the perspective of motor body design, thereby realizing unbalanced load operation of the counter-rotating system; the double rotors are driven to rotate in opposite directions with asymmetric loads by a single set of armature windings; the stator is provided with an auxiliary direct current excitation winding, the air gap field of the rotors at two sides is adjusted, the operation problem of the motor with unbalanced load is solved, and the torque density and the efficiency of the motor are high. The single-stator double-rotor hybrid excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor provided by the application can be applied to various counter-rotating systems under an asymmetric load working condition, such as a coaxial double-rotor system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, propulsion of an underwater vehicle propeller, a robot joint, new energy wind power generation and the like, and not only can the system performance be improved, but also the system performance is economical and environment-friendly.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the application realizes the asymmetric adjustment of the air gap field at two sides by adjusting the current of the direct-current excitation winding, and solves the operating condition of the motor with asymmetric load;
2. the direct-current excitation winding is arranged at the side of the stator, and the slip ring without the carbon brush can prolong the service life of the motor;
3. the motor of the application shares one set of armature windings, namely can share one set of inverter for driving, and the single electric port control system is simple and easy to operate;
4. the application adopts an axial flux permanent magnet structure, and has high torque density and motor efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a single stator dual rotor axial flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating electric machine according to the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a disc stator structure in a single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor according to the application;
FIG. 3 shows a three-phase winding schematic;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the dc excitation unit;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a disc rotor structure;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the DC excitation unit excitation flux path N-S;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the DC excitation unit excitation flux path N-N states;
fig. 8 shows an exploded view of the main topology of a single stator dual rotor axial flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of further illustrating the various embodiments, the present application provides the accompanying drawings, which are a part of the disclosure of the present application, and which are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments, and with reference to these descriptions, one skilled in the art will recognize other possible implementations and advantages of the present application, wherein elements are not drawn to scale, and like reference numerals are generally used to designate like elements.
Reference numerals illustrate: disc stator 1, disc rotor 2, armature winding 3, shaft 4, end cap 5, casing 6, DC exciting unit 7, inner air gap 8, outer air gap 9, exciting magnetic flux path 10, frame 12, exciting coil 13, stator yoke 101, stator teeth 102, stator boss 103, rotor back iron 201, permanent magnet 202, soft magnetic pole 203.
Aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art and aiming at the requirements of a counter-rotating system under the working condition of asymmetric load, the application provides a novel single-stator double-rotor mixed excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor, which is used for solving the problem of reverse adjustment of air gap magnetic fields at two sides of the counter-rotating motor under the working condition of asymmetric load by introducing an auxiliary magnetic regulating winding from the perspective of motor body design, thereby realizing unbalanced load operation of the counter-rotating system; the double rotors are driven to rotate in opposite directions with asymmetric loads by a single set of armature windings 3; the stator is provided with an auxiliary direct current excitation winding, the air gap field of the rotors at two sides is adjusted, the operation problem of the motor with unbalanced load is solved, and the torque density and the efficiency of the motor are high. The single-stator double-rotor hybrid excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor provided by the application can be applied to various counter-rotating systems under an asymmetric load working condition, such as a coaxial double-rotor system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, propulsion of an underwater vehicle propeller, a robot joint, new energy wind power generation and the like, and not only can the system performance be improved, but also the system performance is economical and environment-friendly.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the single-stator double-rotor hybrid excitation axial magnetic flux counter-rotating motor provided by the application comprises a machine shell 6, end covers 5 fixed on two axial sides of the machine shell 6, a middle disc stator 1, a direct current excitation unit 7, two disc rotors 2 and two independent mechanical rotating shafts 4 in the machine shell 6; the middle disc type stator 1 is wound with a set of armature windings 3, and the phase sequences of the windings at the two sides are opposite; the direct current excitation unit 7 is an annular direct current excitation winding and is fixed along the circumferential direction of the stator boss 103, a single H-bridge is adopted for driving, and the same excitation current is introduced; the two disc rotors 2 are respectively connected with two parallel mechanical shafts, and are fixed on the end cover 5 through bearings, and the other ends of the mechanical shafts are respectively connected with two reversely rotating loads.
The middle disc type stator 1 is embedded into the shell 6 and comprises a stator yoke part 101, stator teeth 102 and a stator boss 103, a single set of alternating current armature windings 3 are adopted for winding, the phase sequences of windings on two sides of a stator core are opposite, and a pair of counter-rotating magnetic fields are generated to realize counter-rotating of the double rotors. The direct current excitation unit 7 is an annular direct current excitation unit 7 and surrounds the circumference of the boss in the stator, the air gap magnetic fields of the two rotors are adjusted, the direct current excitation winding is arranged on the side of the stator, and no carbon brush slip ring is arranged, so that the service life of the motor can be prolonged. The motor shares one set of armature winding 3, namely, one set of inverter drive can be shared, and the single-electric port control system is simple and easy to operate. The application adopts an axial flux permanent magnet structure, and has high torque density and motor efficiency.
The direct current excitation unit 7 excites the air gap excitation magnetic fields at two sides, and the excitation magnetic circuits are switched back and forth in the N-N state and the N-S state due to the opposite rotation directions of the two rotors, and the excitation magnetic flux paths 10 passing through the soft magnetic poles of the two rotors are different in the corresponding states. The asymmetric adjustment of the air gap field at two sides is realized by adjusting the current of the direct-current excitation winding, and the operating condition of the motor with an asymmetric load is solved.
As shown in fig. 5, both disc rotors 2 are composed of a rotor back iron 201, a permanent magnet 202, and a soft magnetic pole 203. The permanent magnet 202 and the soft magnetic pole 203 form alternate magnetic poles, so that the use amount of the permanent magnet 202 can be saved while the magnetic regulation of the direct current winding is facilitated; the overall structural dimensions and weight of the two rotors remain symmetrical through the reasonable matching of the permanent magnet material and the soft magnetic pole 203, so that the two rotors have the same moment of inertia. The two rotors are alternately arranged of the magnetic poles of the sector permanent magnet 202 and the soft magnetic poles 203 which are wound and cut; the device is characterized in that: (1) The permanent magnets 202 and the soft magnetic poles 203 on the same rotor disk are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 202 are the same; and (2) the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 202 on the two rotor discs are the same. The two disc rotors 2 are respectively connected with two independent mechanical shafts and are fixed on the end cover 5 through bearings, air gaps are formed between the two rotors and the middle stator, and a bilateral symmetrical or asymmetrical magnetic field can be formed through the action of the direct current magnetic regulating winding, so that the two rotors output different torques under the reverse common speed, and the requirements of asymmetrical load working conditions are met.
The rotor back iron 201 is made of high-magnetic-conductivity structural steel, the sector permanent magnets 202 on two sides and the sector soft magnetic poles 203 which are wound and cut are alternately arranged, and the soft magnetic poles 203 are formed by winding silicon steel sheets. The installation mode of the magnetic pole mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of (1) adhering a magnet adhesive or anaerobic adhesive to the surface of the back iron; (2) The prefabricated positioning clamping rings are connected and distributed, and are integrally embedded and fixed on the surface of the back iron by bolts or covered edges. In the embodiment, the anaerobic adhesive is preferably used for fixing the silicon steel sheet soft magnetic pole on the surface of the rotor back iron 201; the rotor permanent magnets 202 on the two sides are fixed on the surface of the back iron by using magnet glue, so that the processing is simple and the economical efficiency is high.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor structure provided in this example is: the middle disc type stator 1 is fixedly connected with the shell 6, and stator windings are wound on stator teeth 102; the annular direct current excitation winding surrounds the inner circular boss of the stator; the disc rotor 2 on both sides consists of back iron, a permanent magnet 202 and a soft magnetic pole 203; the rotors on two sides are respectively connected with two rotating shafts 4 and are connected with an end cover 5 through bearings to form two independent mechanical ports.
As shown in fig. 2, the middle disc type stator 1 iron core is a combined stator, and the middle part of the stator is formed by casting an SMC soft magnetic composite material; the winding silicon steel sheet stators which are axially and symmetrically distributed are arranged at two sides of the SMC stator, respectively correspond to the two disc rotors 2, and stator teeth 102 at two sides are axially and uniformly and symmetrically distributed; the stator teeth 102 are formed by laser cutting, electric spark cutting and other modes; the combined stator is bonded by using anaerobic adhesive, and the iron core of the combined disc stator 1 is connected with the shell 6;
as shown in fig. 3, a single set of three-phase windings is wound around the two-sided stator teeth 102, and the windings on the two sides of the stator core are in opposite phase sequence to generate a pair of counter-rotating magnetic fields.
As shown in fig. 4, the annular direct current excitation unit 7 comprises a framework 12 and an excitation coil 13, wherein the framework 12 is made of non-magnetic conductive insulating materials, is annular along the inner circumferential direction of stator teeth 102 at two sides, and is provided with a U-shaped groove; the exciting coil 13 is wound and embedded in the U-shaped groove in an enamelled wire annular mode. The potting epoxy resin fixes the stators on two sides and the direct-current excitation unit 7 into a whole, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the motor is improved, and the mechanical strength is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the dc excitation unit 7 of the single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor excites the air gap excitation fields at two sides, and the two rotors rotate in opposite directions, so that the magnetic circuits passing through the soft magnetic poles of the two rotors are switched back and forth in N-S and N-N states, and the excitation magnetic flux paths 10 are respectively: in the N-S state, the upper exciting magnetic flux forms a closed loop through the soft magnetic pole, the rotor back iron 201, the air gap, the stator yoke 101 and the stator teeth 102, so as to strengthen the upper air gap magnetic flux, the lower exciting magnetic circuit short-circuits the permanent magnetic pole magnetic circuit to weaken the lower air gap magnetic flux, and if the direct current excitation is continuously increased, the lower rotor soft magnetic pole exciting magnetic flux forms a closed loop through the soft magnetic pole, the rotor back iron 201, the air gap, the stator yoke 101 and the stator teeth 102, so as to further weaken the lower air gap magnetic flux; in the N-N state, the rotor magnetic circuits on two sides form a closed loop through the stator boss 103, the stator yoke 101, the stator boss 103, the inner air gap 8, the rotor back iron 201, the soft magnetic pole 203, the outer air gap 9, the stator, the outer air gap 9, the soft magnetic pole 203, the rotor yoke, the inner air gap 8 and the stator boss 103, and the upper air gap magnetic flux is enhanced and the lower air gap magnetic flux is weakened.
The present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the application and the scope of the appended claims, which are all within the scope of the application.
Claims (6)
1. The single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor is characterized by comprising a machine shell, a middle disc type stator, a direct current excitation unit, two disc type rotors and two rotating shafts, wherein the middle disc type stator, the direct current excitation unit, the two disc type rotors and the two rotating shafts are all in air gap with the middle disc type stator, are arranged in the machine shell along the axial direction; the middle disc type stator is fixed on the shell, a set of armature windings is wound on the outer edge of the middle disc type stator, the phase sequences of the windings on the two sides are opposite, and the direct current excitation unit is fixed in the middle of the middle disc type stator and adjusts the air gap excitation magnetic fields on the two sides; the two disc-type rotors are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the middle disc-type stator and are respectively fixed with the input end of one rotating shaft, the output ends of the two rotating shafts are respectively connected with two reversely rotating loads, each disc-type rotor comprises a rotor back iron, sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and soft magnetic poles, the sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and the soft magnetic poles are alternately arranged, the sector permanent magnet magnetic poles and the soft magnetic poles on the same disc are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the sector permanent magnet magnetizing directions are the same; the permanent magnets on the two rotor disks are magnetized in the same direction, the middle disk type stator comprises a stator boss, a stator yoke part and stator teeth which are sequentially arranged along the radial direction and are used for fixing an annular direct current excitation unit, the stator teeth are distributed on the front surface and the back surface of the middle disk type stator, a single set of three-phase windings encircle the stator teeth on the two sides, the winding phase sequences are opposite, and a pair of reverse rotating magnetic fields are generated; the direct current excitation unit comprises a framework and an excitation coil, wherein the framework is made of non-magnetic conductive insulating materials, is annular along the inner circumferential direction of stator teeth at two sides, and is provided with a U-shaped groove; the exciting coil is wound and embedded in the U-shaped groove in an annular mode by adopting an enameled wire;
the direct current excitation unit excitation magnetic flux paths are respectively as follows:
in the N-S state, the upper side exciting magnetic flux forms a closed loop through the soft magnetic pole, the rotor back iron, the air gap, the stator yoke and the stator teeth, and the lower side rotor soft magnetic pole exciting magnetic flux forms a closed loop through the soft magnetic pole, the rotor back iron, the air gap, the stator yoke and the stator teeth;
in the N-N state, the magnetic circuits of the rotors at two sides form a closed loop through a stator boss, a stator yoke, a stator boss, an inner air gap, a rotor back iron, a soft magnetic pole, an outer air gap, a stator, an outer air gap, a soft magnetic pole, a rotor yoke, an inner air gap and a stator boss.
2. The single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor according to claim 1, wherein the middle disc type stator core is a combined stator, and the middle part of the stator is formed by die casting of an SMC soft magnetic composite material; the winding silicon steel sheet stators which are axially and symmetrically distributed are arranged at two sides of the SMC stator, respectively correspond to the two disc rotors, and stator teeth at two sides are axially and uniformly and symmetrically distributed.
3. A single stator dual rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that both disc rotors are fixed to the housing by means of bearings.
4. The single stator double rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating electric machine of claim 2, wherein the direct current excitation unit and the middle disc stator are fixed by epoxy resin encapsulation.
5. The single-stator double-rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor back iron material is made of high-magnetic-conductivity structural steel, and the soft magnetic poles are formed by winding silicon steel sheets.
6. The single stator double rotor axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation counter-rotating motor according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the sector permanent magnet poles and the soft magnetic poles are adhered to the surface of the rotor back iron through magnet glue or anaerobic glue, and can be connected and arranged through a clamping ring, and are inlaid and fixed on the surface of the rotor back iron as a whole by using bolts or wrapping edges.
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