CN111786527B - Excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor - Google Patents
Excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786527B CN111786527B CN202010598512.8A CN202010598512A CN111786527B CN 111786527 B CN111786527 B CN 111786527B CN 202010598512 A CN202010598512 A CN 202010598512A CN 111786527 B CN111786527 B CN 111786527B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
- H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
- H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention provides an excitation compensation type mixed magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor, which is a mixed magnetic source excitation formed by a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, wherein a high-magnetism-performance excitation source is applied to a rotor, and a high-remanence permanent magnet is adopted; the low-magnetic-performance excitation source is applied to the stator and is formed by alternately arranging low-remanence permanent magnets applied to a slot of the stator and stator teeth; the direct current excitation source is applied to the stator, the direct current excitation windings are distributed on two sides of the stator teeth and the excitation auxiliary teeth, and the windings are connected with the end part in the same axial direction. Compared with the prior art, the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor provided by the invention has the advantages that the low-speed large torque, the wide speed regulation range, the low cogging torque and the low torque ripple in the full operation range are realized, and the defects that the air gap magnetic field of the traditional permanent magnetic field modulation motor cannot be flexibly adjusted and the cogging torque and the torque ripple of the magnetic field of the adjustable flux magnetic field modulation motor are large under the condition of weak magnetic operation can be overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet magnetic field modulation motors, in particular to an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor.
Background
With the improvement of the performance of the permanent magnet material and the expansion of the industrial application prospect, the permanent magnet motor replaces the traditional electrically excited motor with the advantages of high efficiency, high power density, reliable operation and the like to be widely applied to the fields of spaceflight, navigation, transportation and the like. In engineering, most permanent magnet motor driving systems adopt a combination of a high-speed motor and a mechanical gear so as to improve the torque density of the motor. However, such a combination causes a series of problems such as an increase in friction loss, an increase in noise, a decrease in efficiency, and a decrease in operational reliability. In order to solve the problems, a magnetic gear and a permanent magnet motor are combined by a motor researcher, a magnetic field modulation motor is provided, based on the magnetic gear effect, an armature magnetic field with higher rotation speed in the motor can be modulated into a harmonic magnetic field with lower rotation speed, and the harmonic magnetic field is coupled with a rotating magnetic field with lower pole pair number to generate large torque, so that the motor has the characteristic of low speed and large torque, the torque density of the motor is improved, and the magnetic field modulation motor is widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars.
However, the magnetic field modulation motor has at least one more magnetic modulation layer than the conventional permanent magnet motor, which has low space utilization and large harmonic distortion. In order to solve the problem, domestic and foreign motor researchers provide a scheme of multi-permanent magnet excitation, so that the space utilization rate in the motor is improved, and the torque output capacity is further improved. However, the multi-permanent magnet excitation structure has a limited capability of increasing the working harmonic amplitude, so that the permanent magnet utilization rate and the cost performance of the motor are reduced, and the problem of magnetic circuit saturation caused by the increase of the permanent magnet consumption is possibly brought. The other scheme for improving the space utilization rate in the motor is that a set of direct-current excitation coil is applied to the magnetic field modulation motor to form the adjustable magnetic flux magnetic field modulation motor, and the air gap magnetic field is adjusted, so that the defects that the air gap magnetic field of the traditional magnetic field modulation motor cannot be adjusted and the speed regulation range is limited are overcome, the power factor of the magnetic field modulation motor can be improved, and the application prospect of the magnetic field modulation motor in the fields of aerospace, ships, automobiles and the like is expanded. However, the direct current excitation can cause the harmonic distortion of the air gap magnetic field to be more serious, and the problem of large torque pulsation is brought to the motor in the flux weakening and acceleration running state, so that the stable running of the motor is influenced.
In order to solve the problem of large harmonic distortion, inhibit useless harmonics in a weak magnetic state and break through the bottleneck restricting the development of a magnetic field modulation motor, the invention provides a brand-new excitation compensation type mixed magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor on the basis of exploring a multi-permanent magnetic excitation magnetic field modulation motor and an adjustable magnetic flux magnetic field modulation motor, performs compensatory excitation by using a mixed magnetic source, performs cooperative regulation and control on multi-harmonic components in a magnetic field and performs primary analysis on the excitation compensation type mixed magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor, and the motor has excellent electromagnetic performance, important theoretical exploration value and wide engineering application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor with low speed, large torque, wide speed regulation range, low cogging torque and low torque pulsation in the full operation range, which can overcome the defects that the air gap field of the traditional permanent magnet magnetic field modulation motor can not be flexibly adjusted and the cogging torque and the torque pulsation of the adjustable magnetic flux magnetic field modulation motor are large under the condition of weak magnetism operation.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor, comprising: the rotor is composed of a shaft, a rotor core and a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, and the stator is composed of a low-magnetic-performance excitation source, stator teeth, excitation auxiliary teeth, a stator yoke, an armature winding and a direct-current excitation source;
exciting the motor by a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, wherein the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources at least comprise three non-homogeneous excitation sources, and the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources comprise a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, a low-magnetic-performance excitation source and a direct-current excitation source;
the high-magnetic-performance excitation source is applied to the rotor to establish a main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor and generate torque; the low-magnetic performance excitation source is used for being applied to a stator, establishing a non-rotating auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor and adjusting air gap field distribution; the direct-current excitation source is used for being applied to two sides of the stator teeth and the excitation auxiliary teeth to adjust the magnetic density of the stator yoke; the low magnetic field excitation source and the dc excitation source are also used to perform a compensating excitation of the machine.
Further, in one implementation, the high magnetic performance excitation source is composed of high remanence permanent magnets which are radially magnetized and have opposite polarities and are arranged at intervals;
or the high-magnetic-performance excitation source is formed by alternately arranging high-remanence permanent magnets which are magnetized in the radial direction and have the same polarity and iron core poles, and is used for establishing a main permanent magnetic field in the motor, and the main permanent magnetic field is modulated by the stator teeth and then is coupled with an armature magnetic field generated by an electrified armature winding to generate large output torque.
Further, in one implementation, the low-magnetic-performance excitation source is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of low-remanence permanent magnets and stator teeth, each low-remanence permanent magnet is radially magnetized and has the same polarity, and an auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor is established for performing compensation excitation on the motor.
Further, in one implementation, the bottom of the low remanence permanent magnet constituting the low magnetic performance excitation source is connected with the excitation auxiliary tooth top;
when the motor is in no-load, the low-remanence permanent magnet and the stator teeth form an alternating-pole permanent magnet structure, compensation excitation is carried out on the motor, distribution of the air-gap magnetic field is adjusted, and harmonic distortion caused by modulation and weak magnetism in the air-gap magnetic field is reduced;
when the motor is loaded, the low-remanence permanent magnet performs parallel magnetization on a main magnetic circuit of the motor through the excitation auxiliary teeth;
when the motor operates in a weak magnetic state, the low-magnetic-performance excitation source is used for reducing harmonic distortion of an air gap magnetic field, so that the cogging torque and the torque ripple of the motor in the weak magnetic state are lower than those in a rated state.
Further, in one implementation, the high magnetic performance excitation source and the low magnetic performance excitation source are distributed on both sides of the air gap for obtaining optimal electromagnetic performance.
Further, in one implementation, the dc excitation source is formed by applying dc power to each dc excitation winding in the same direction, and a non-time varying magnetic field is generated at the stator yoke for complementary excitation of the motor, thereby achieving a wide speed control range.
Further, in one implementation, the dc excitation source is composed of energized dc excitation windings, the dc excitation windings are distributed on two sides of the stator teeth and the excitation auxiliary teeth, each dc excitation winding is connected to a coaxial end, the dc excitation windings are energized with dc currents in the same direction, and the dc excitation source 206 adjusts magnetic density at the stator yoke 204 to perform flux weakening and speed increasing control on the motor;
when the motor operates in a weak magnetic state, the magnetic density of the stator yoke part is increased, the coupling degree of the main permanent magnetic field and the armature magnetic field is reduced, and the stator yoke part is in contact with the shell of the motor.
Further, in one implementation, the armature winding of the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor adopts fractional slot concentrated winding, and the winding is wound on the stator teeth.
Further, in one implementation, the high remanence permanent magnet and the low remanence permanent magnet in the motor have the same thickness for obtaining optimal electromagnetic performance.
Further, in one implementation, the thickness of the high-remanence permanent magnet and the low-remanence permanent magnet in the motor is less than or equal to 1/14 of the radius of the motor.
The invention provides an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor, which comprises: the rotor is composed of a shaft, a rotor core and a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, and the stator is composed of a low-magnetic-performance excitation source, stator teeth, excitation auxiliary teeth, a stator yoke, an armature winding and a direct-current excitation source; exciting the motor by a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, wherein the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources at least comprise three non-homogeneous excitation sources, and the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources comprise a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, a low-magnetic-performance excitation source and a direct-current excitation source; the high-magnetic-performance excitation source is applied to the rotor to establish a main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor and generate torque; the low-magnetic performance excitation source is used for being applied to a stator, establishing a non-rotating auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor and adjusting air gap field distribution; the direct-current excitation source is used for being applied to two sides of the stator teeth and the excitation auxiliary teeth to adjust the magnetic density of the stator yoke; the low magnetic field excitation source and the dc excitation source are also used to perform a compensating excitation of the machine.
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention adopts the low-magnetic-performance excitation source connected with the excitation auxiliary teeth to adjust the distribution of the air gap magnetic field, carries out compensation excitation on the motor, reduces harmonic distortion in the air gap magnetic field generated by modulation and direct-current weak magnetism, can effectively increase working harmonics and reduce higher harmonics, is different from the prior art that the function of reducing higher harmonics is realized by adopting a control means, and reduces the cogging torque and the torque pulsation in the full operation range, so that the cogging torque and the torque pulsation of the motor in the weak magnetic state are lower than those in the rated state, and are superior to the prior adjustable magnetic flux magnetic field modulation motor.
(2) The direct-current excitation motor adopts the direct-current excitation winding which is communicated with direct current in the same direction as a direct-current excitation source, can generate a non-time-varying magnetic field at the yoke part of the stator to perform weak magnetic field on the motor, realizes a wide speed regulation range, and is different from the traditional direct-current excitation which is used for regulating the magnetic density of the motor at the tooth part of the stator to realize the function of weak magnetic speed regulation; and the rotor permanent magnet motor is subjected to weak magnetism at the yoke part of the stator, so that the heat dissipation of the motor is facilitated, and the stable operation of the motor is ensured.
(3) The invention adopts a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources to excite the motor, a high-magnetic excitation source on a rotor provides a main permanent magnetic field to generate torque, a low-magnetic excitation source provides an auxiliary permanent magnetic field, the distribution of an air gap magnetic field is adjusted, harmonic distortion is reduced, a direct-current excitation source weakens the motor at a yoke part of a stator, the low-magnetic excitation source and the direct-current excitation source perform functional compensation excitation on the motor, and the invention is different from the excitation mode of the existing motor and has the characteristics of large output torque, wide speed regulation range, low cogging torque and low torque pulsation in the full operation range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view along an axis of an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a is a schematic three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a rotor in an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2b is a schematic three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a stator in an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic radial cross-sectional structure diagram of an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a dc excitation winding in an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of a high magnetic performance permanent magnet rotor of an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a high magnetic performance permanent magnet alternating pole rotor of an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-rotor, 101-shaft, 102-rotor core, 103-high magnetic performance excitation source, 104-core pole, 2-stator, 201-low magnetic performance excitation source, 202-stator tooth, 203-excitation auxiliary tooth, 204-stator yoke, 205-armature winding, 206-direct current excitation source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor which is applied to application occasions of low-speed large-torque direct drive, high speed regulation range requirements and low-torque pulsation stable operation, such as electric automobiles, ships and aerospace and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, 2a, 2b and 3, the present embodiment provides an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor including: a rotor 1 and a stator 2, wherein the rotor 1 is composed of a shaft 101, a rotor core 102 and a high magnetic performance excitation source 103, and the stator 2 is composed of a low magnetic performance excitation source 201, a stator tooth 202, an excitation auxiliary tooth 203, a stator yoke 204, an armature winding 205 and a direct current excitation source 206;
in this embodiment, the motor is excited by a mixed magnetic source composed of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources at least include three non-homogeneous excitation sources, and the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources include a high-magnetic-performance excitation source 103, a low-magnetic-performance excitation source 201, and a dc excitation source 206; in the embodiment, each excitation source has different functions, one excitation source excites the main permanent magnetic field in the motor, and other excitation sources perform compensation excitation to adjust the distribution and the flux density amplitude of the air gap magnetic field in the motor.
The high-magnetic-performance excitation source 103 is used for being applied to the rotor 1 to establish a main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor and generate torque; the low-magnetic performance excitation source 201 is used for being applied to the stator 2, establishing a non-rotating auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor and adjusting air gap field distribution; in this embodiment, the low-magnetic-performance excitation source 201 is formed by alternately arranging low-remanence permanent magnets applied to a stator notch and stator teeth 202, and cogging torque and torque ripple can be reduced by the low-magnetic-performance excitation source 201, and the low-magnetic-performance excitation source is connected with excitation auxiliary teeth 203 to realize parallel magnetization.
The direct-current excitation source 206 is used for being applied to two sides of the stator teeth 202 and the excitation auxiliary teeth 203 to adjust the magnetic density of the stator yoke part 204; in this embodiment, the dc excitation source 206 is shown in fig. 4, and the dc excitation windings are distributed on both sides of the stator teeth 202 and the excitation auxiliary teeth 203 (not shown in fig. 4), and the dc excitation windings are connected to the same axial end portion. When the direct current in the same direction is conducted in the direct current excitation winding, a direct current excitation source 206 is formed, the magnetic density of the stator yoke portion 204 is adjusted, and the flux-weakening and speed-increasing operation of the motor is achieved.
The low magnetic field excitation source 201 and the dc excitation source 206 are also used to make a compensating excitation to the machine. In this embodiment, the magnetic excitation source 201 and the dc excitation source 206 are used to perform compensation excitation on the motor, so that the motor has the characteristics of low speed, large torque, wide speed regulation range, and smooth operation with low cogging torque and low torque ripple in the full operation range.
The excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor provided by the embodiment can provide an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor with low speed, large torque, wide speed regulation range, low cogging torque and low torque pulsation in the full operation range, and overcomes the defects that the air gap field of the traditional permanent magnet magnetic field modulation motor can not be flexibly adjusted and the cogging torque and the torque pulsation of the adjustable magnetic flux magnetic field modulation motor are large under the condition of weak magnetic operation.
As shown in fig. 2a, fig. 2b, fig. 3, fig. 5a and fig. 5b, in the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to the present embodiment, the high-magnetic-performance excitation source 103 is formed by arranging high-remanence permanent magnets that are magnetized in the radial direction and have opposite polarities at intervals;
or, the high magnetic performance excitation source 103 is formed by radially magnetizing high remanence permanent magnets with the same polarity and iron core poles which are alternately arranged, and is used for establishing a main permanent magnetic field in the motor, and the main permanent magnetic field is modulated by the stator teeth 202 and then is coupled with an armature magnetic field generated by the energized armature winding 205 to generate a large output torque. The main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor established by the embodiment has higher torque density and power density than a stator permanent magnetic motor.
As shown in fig. 2a, 2b and 3, in the field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to this embodiment, the low-magnetic-performance field source 201 is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of low-remanence permanent magnets and stator teeth 202, each low-remanence permanent magnet is radially magnetized and has the same polarity, and an auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor is established for performing compensation excitation on the motor.
In the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor of the embodiment, the bottom of the low remanence permanent magnet forming the low-magnetic performance excitation source 201 is connected with the top of the excitation auxiliary tooth 203;
when the motor is unloaded, the low-remanence permanent magnet and the stator teeth 202 form an alternating-pole permanent magnet structure, compensation excitation is carried out on the motor, distribution of the air-gap magnetic field is adjusted, and harmonic distortion caused by modulation and weak magnetism in the air-gap magnetic field is reduced;
when the motor is loaded, the low-remanence permanent magnet performs parallel magnetization on the motor through the excitation auxiliary teeth 203; in this embodiment, the low remanence permanent magnet is used for parallel magnetization of the motor through the excitation auxiliary teeth 203, so that the torque density and the power density of the motor can be effectively improved.
When the motor is operated in a field weakening state, the low-magnetic performance excitation source 201 is used for reducing harmonic distortion of an air gap magnetic field, so that the cogging torque and the torque ripple of the motor in the field weakening state are lower than those in a rated state. In this embodiment, the motor may also have low cogging torque and low torque ripple characteristics over the full operating range. The low-magnetic-performance excitation source 201 is mainly used for compensating excitation and adjusting the harmonic distribution of an air gap magnetic field, and is different from the excitation source in the prior art which is only used for enhancing the air gap flux density.
In the field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to the present embodiment, the high-magnetic-performance field source 103 and the low-magnetic-performance field source 201 are distributed on both sides of the air gap. In this embodiment, the high magnetic performance excitation source 103 and the low magnetic performance excitation source 201 are distributed on both sides of the air gap, so that the optimal electromagnetic performance can be obtained.
In the field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to the present embodiment, the dc excitation source 206 is configured by applying dc power to the dc excitation windings in the same direction, and a time-invariant magnetic field is generated at the stator yoke 204 for compensation excitation of the motor. Therefore, the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor described in the embodiment can realize a wide speed regulation range.
In the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor of this embodiment, the dc excitation source 206 is composed of energized dc excitation windings, the dc excitation windings are distributed on two sides of the stator teeth 202 and the excitation auxiliary teeth 203, each dc excitation winding is connected at a coaxial end, dc currents in the same direction are applied to each dc excitation winding, and the dc excitation source 206 adjusts magnetic density at the stator yoke 204 to perform weak magnetic field acceleration control on the motor;
when the motor operates in a weak magnetic state, the magnetic density of the stator yoke portion 204 is increased, the coupling degree of the permanent magnetic field and the armature magnetic field is reduced, and the stator yoke portion 204 is in contact with a shell of the motor. Therefore, the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor can dissipate heat of the motor under the weak magnetic condition, effectively improves the performance of the motor compared with the prior art, and ensures stable operation of the motor.
In the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor according to this embodiment, an armature winding 205 of the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor adopts a fractional slot concentrated winding, and the fractional slot concentrated winding is wound around a stator tooth. In the embodiment, the end part of the fractional-slot concentrated winding is shorter than that of the traditional distributed winding, so that the copper consumption is low, and the temperature rise of the motor during load work is reduced; the tooth harmonic amplitude generated by the fractional slot concentrated winding is high, the tooth harmonic frequency is the same as the working harmonic frequency in the magnetic field modulated by the stator teeth 202 after being excited by the high-magnetic-performance excitation source 103, and large output torque can be generated.
In the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor of the embodiment, the thicknesses of the high-remanence permanent magnet and the low-remanence permanent magnet in the motor are the same. In the embodiment, the thicknesses of the high-remanence permanent magnet and the low-remanence permanent magnet in the motor are the same, so that the optimal electromagnetic performance can be obtained.
In the field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor of the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the high remanence permanent magnet and the low remanence permanent magnet in the motor are less than or equal to 1/14 of the radius of the motor. In this embodiment, the thicknesses of the high remanence permanent magnet and the low remanence permanent magnet do not exceed 1/14 of the radius of the motor, so that the high-magnetic-performance excitation source 103 and the low-magnetic-performance excitation source 201 can work together without causing magnetic saturation of the rotor 1 or the stator 2, and optimal electromagnetic performance is obtained; and the thicknesses of the two permanent magnets are the same, so that the permanent magnets are prevented from being irreversibly demagnetized due to the fact that the magnetic field of the other permanent magnet is too strong.
The invention provides an excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor, which comprises: the rotor is composed of a shaft, a rotor core and a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, and the stator is composed of a low-magnetic-performance excitation source, stator teeth, excitation auxiliary teeth, a stator yoke, an armature winding and a direct-current excitation source; exciting the motor by a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, wherein the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources at least comprise three non-homogeneous excitation sources, and the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources comprise a high-magnetic-performance excitation source, a low-magnetic-performance excitation source and a direct-current excitation source; the high-magnetic-performance excitation source is applied to the rotor to establish a main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor and generate torque; the low-magnetic performance excitation source is used for being applied to a stator, establishing a non-rotating auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor and adjusting air gap field distribution; the direct-current excitation source is used for being applied to two sides of the stator teeth and the excitation auxiliary teeth to adjust the magnetic density of the stator yoke; the low magnetic field excitation source and the dc excitation source are also used to perform a compensating excitation of the machine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention adopts the low-magnetic-performance excitation source connected with the excitation auxiliary teeth to adjust the distribution of the air gap magnetic field, compensates and excites the motor, reduces the harmonic distortion in the air gap magnetic field generated by modulation and direct-current weak magnetism, can effectively increase working harmonics and reduce higher harmonics, is different from the prior art that the function of reducing the higher harmonics is realized by adopting a control means, and reduces the cogging torque and the torque pulsation in the full running range, so that the cogging torque and the torque pulsation of the motor in the weak magnetism state are lower than those in the rated state, and are superior to the prior adjustable flux magnetic field modulation motor.
(2) The direct-current excitation winding which is communicated with direct current in the same direction is used as a direct-current excitation source, a non-time-varying magnetic field can be generated at a stator yoke part, the motor is subjected to field weakening, a wide speed regulation range is realized, and the direct-current excitation motor is different from the traditional direct-current excitation motor which is used for regulating the magnetic density of the motor at a stator tooth part to realize the field weakening and speed increasing functions; the flux density of the stator yoke is adjusted to weaken the magnetic field of the rotor permanent magnet motor, so that the heat dissipation of the motor is facilitated, and the stable operation of the motor is ensured.
(3) The invention adopts a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources to excite the motor, a high-magnetic excitation source on a rotor provides a main permanent magnetic field to generate torque, a low-magnetic excitation source provides an auxiliary permanent magnetic field, the distribution of an air gap magnetic field is adjusted, harmonic distortion is reduced, a direct-current excitation source weakens the motor at a yoke part of a stator, the low-magnetic excitation source and the direct-current excitation source perform functional compensation excitation on the motor, and the invention is different from the excitation mode of the existing motor and has the characteristics of large output torque, wide speed regulation range, low cogging torque and low torque pulsation in the full operation range.
The same and similar parts in the various embodiments in this specification may be referred to each other. The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source magnetic field modulation motor is characterized by comprising: the magnetic field generator comprises a rotor (1) and a stator (2), wherein the rotor (1) is composed of a shaft (101), a rotor iron core (102) and a high-magnetic-performance excitation source (103), and the stator (2) is composed of a low-magnetic-performance excitation source (201), stator teeth (202), excitation auxiliary teeth (203), a stator yoke part (204), an armature winding (205) and a direct-current excitation source (206);
exciting the motor by a mixed magnetic source consisting of a plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources, wherein the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources at least comprise three non-homogeneous excitation sources, and the plurality of non-homogeneous excitation sources comprise a high-magnetic-performance excitation source (103), a low-magnetic-performance excitation source (201) and a direct-current excitation source (206);
the high-magnetic-performance excitation source (103) is used for being applied to a rotor (1) to establish a main permanent magnetic field rotating in the motor and generate torque; the low-magnetic performance excitation source (201) is used for being applied to a stator (2), establishing a non-rotating auxiliary permanent magnetic field in the motor and adjusting air gap magnetic field distribution; the direct-current excitation source (206) is used for being applied to two sides of the stator teeth (202) and the excitation auxiliary teeth (203) to adjust the magnetic density of the stator yoke part (204); the low-magnetic-performance excitation source (201) and the direct-current excitation source (206) are also used for performing compensation excitation on the motor;
the low-magnetism excitation source (201) is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of low-remanence permanent magnets and stator teeth (202), each low-remanence permanent magnet is magnetized in the radial direction and has the same polarity, and an auxiliary permanent magnet field in the motor is established and used for performing compensation excitation on the motor;
the bottom of a low-remanence permanent magnet forming the low-magnetism-performance excitation source (201) is connected with the top of the excitation auxiliary tooth (203);
when the motor is unloaded, the low-remanence permanent magnet and the stator teeth (202) form an alternating-pole permanent magnet structure, the motor is subjected to compensation excitation, the distribution of the air-gap magnetic field is adjusted, and harmonic distortion caused by modulation and weak magnetism in the air-gap magnetic field is reduced;
when the motor is loaded, the low-remanence permanent magnet performs parallel magnetization on a main magnetic circuit of the motor through the excitation auxiliary teeth (203);
when the motor operates in a flux weakening state, the low-magnetic-performance excitation source (201) is used for reducing harmonic distortion of an air gap magnetic field, so that the cogging torque and the torque ripple of the motor in the flux weakening state are lower than those in a rated state.
2. The field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to claim 1, wherein the high magnetic performance field source (103) is composed of radially magnetized high remanence permanent magnets of opposite polarity arranged at intervals;
or the high-magnetic-performance excitation source (103) is composed of radially-magnetized high-remanence permanent magnets with the same polarity and iron core poles which are arranged alternately, and is used for establishing a main permanent magnetic field in the motor, and the main permanent magnetic field is modulated by the stator teeth (202) and then is coupled with an armature magnetic field generated by the energized armature winding (205) to generate large output torque.
3. A field-compensating hybrid source field-modulated machine according to claim 1, wherein the high-magnetic-performance field source (103) and the low-magnetic-performance field source (201) are distributed across the air gap.
4. The excitation-compensated hybrid magnetic source field-modulated motor according to claim 1, wherein dc excitation windings are supplied with dc power in the same direction to form the dc excitation source (206), and a non-time-varying magnetic field is generated at the stator yoke (204) for excitation compensation of the motor.
5. The excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to claim 4, wherein the dc excitation source (206) is composed of energized dc excitation windings, the dc excitation windings are distributed on both sides of the stator teeth (202) and the excitation auxiliary teeth (203), each dc excitation winding is connected at a coaxial end, the dc excitation windings are energized with dc currents in the same direction, and the dc excitation source (206) adjusts the flux density at the stator yoke (204) to perform flux weakening and speed increasing control on the motor;
when the motor operates in a weak magnetic state, the magnetic density of the stator yoke portion (204) is increased, the coupling degree of the main permanent magnetic field and the armature magnetic field is reduced, and the stator yoke portion (204) is in contact with a shell of the motor.
6. The excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to claim 1, wherein an armature winding (205) of the excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor adopts fractional slot concentrated winding, and the fractional slot concentrated winding is wound on stator teeth.
7. The excitation compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to claim 1, wherein the thicknesses of the high-remanence permanent magnet and the low-remanence permanent magnet in the motor are the same.
8. The field compensation type hybrid magnetic source field modulation motor according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the high-remanence permanent magnet and the low-remanence permanent magnet in the motor is less than or equal to 1/14 of the radius of the motor.
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