Annular winding dual-rotor flux reversal motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motors, and particularly relates to a flux reversal motor.
Background
The permanent magnet motor has the advantages of high torque density, high power density, good weak magnetic performance, high efficiency and the like due to the use of the high-magnetic-energy permanent magnet material, and is particularly suitable for running in a full-speed range. The flux reversal motor with the permanent magnet stuck to the surface of the stator tooth has been extensively and deeply researched due to the advantages of high torque density, large mechanical strength of the salient pole rotor, easy fixation of the permanent magnet stuck to the surface of the stator tooth and the like, and has wide application prospect in the traffic field of electric vehicles and the like. The torque density of the traditional flux reversal motor cannot be further improved due to the constraint of motor materials and volume. In addition, the traditional flux reversal motor adopts a distributed winding with a high winding coefficient to increase the end length of the motor, so that the coil inserting difficulty of an armature winding is improved, the copper consumption of the motor is increased, and the motor is complex in processing procedure and low in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides a ring winding double-rotor flux reversal motor.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a ring winding double-rotor flux reversal motor comprises a stator, an inner salient pole rotor and an outer salient pole rotor; the inner salient pole rotor and the outer salient pole rotor respectively form independent air gaps with the stator; stator teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the stator respectively, a plurality of modulation teeth are arranged on the surface of each stator tooth, permanent magnets are embedded between every two adjacent modulation teeth, and the polarities and the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; an annular armature winding is wound on a stator yoke part between adjacent stator teeth; the permanent magnetic fields on the surfaces of the stator teeth on the inner side and the outer side of the stator are modulated by the inner and outer salient pole rotors to generate magnetic fields of two pairs of poles, and the magnetic fields of the two pairs of poles interact with harmonic waves in the annular armature winding to realize the mechanical-electrical energy conversion; the permanent magnetic fields on the surfaces of the stator teeth on the inner side and the outer side of the stator are modulated by the modulation teeth and the inner and outer salient pole rotors respectively to generate harmonic waves with the same frequency as the harmonic waves of the main magnetic field, so that the modulation effect of the motor is enhanced.
Further, the stator is formed by the concatenation of a plurality of stator module, and every stator module includes stator yoke, and the inboard both ends of this stator yoke are equipped with half stator tooth respectively, and the both ends in this stator yoke outside are equipped with half stator tooth respectively, and the surface of every half stator tooth all is equipped with half modulation tooth, and half stator tooth concatenation on the adjacent stator module forms complete stator tooth, and half modulation tooth concatenation on the adjacent stator module forms complete modulation tooth.
Further, the stator is formed by the concatenation of a plurality of stator module, and every stator module includes stator yoke portion, and the inboard both ends of this stator yoke portion are equipped with half stator tooth respectively, and the both ends in this stator yoke portion outside are equipped with half stator tooth respectively, and half stator tooth concatenation on the adjacent stator module forms complete stator tooth.
Furthermore, a dovetail groove and a dovetail tooth are respectively arranged on two sides of each stator module, and the dovetail teeth of two adjacent stator modules are matched with the dovetail grooves to realize the tight splicing.
Furthermore, the number of salient pole teeth of the inner salient pole rotor is the same as that of the outer salient pole rotor, the salient pole teeth of the inner salient pole rotor are opposite to those of the outer salient pole rotor, and the inner salient pole rotor and the outer salient pole rotor rotate synchronously.
Furthermore, the magnetizing directions of two permanent magnets which are opposite to each other in the radial direction on the surfaces of the stator teeth on the inner side and the outer side of the stator are opposite.
Furthermore, the modulation teeth and the stator teeth are integrally processed.
Further, the inner salient pole rotor, the outer salient pole rotor and/or the stator are made of silicon steel sheet lamination or SMC composite soft magnetic materials.
Adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought:
(1) the modulation teeth are arranged between the permanent magnets on the surfaces of the stator teeth, so that the main magnetic field of the motor can be enhanced, the torque density of the motor can be improved, and the modulation teeth on the surfaces of the stator teeth and the stator can be integrally processed, so that the installation and positioning of the permanent magnets are facilitated, the running reliability of the motor is improved, the processing and assembling process can be simplified, and the production efficiency is improved;
(2) compared with the traditional single-rotor distributed winding motor, the annular armature winding is wound on the yoke part of the stator, the length of the end part of the motor can be reduced on the premise of not influencing the winding coefficient of the motor by the annular winding, so that the winding process can be simplified, the length of the end part winding of the motor can be reduced, the armature resistance of the motor is reduced, and the efficiency of the motor is improved;
(3) the invention adopts a modularized stator structure, the motor stator takes a single stator module as a unit to process and wind, and stator module assembly can be carried out after winding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flux reversing motor and winding connections; description of reference numerals: 1. a stator; 2. a permanent magnet; 3. an air gap between the permanent magnet and the rotor; 4. a rotor; 5-16, stator slot number;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a toroidal-winding dual-rotor flux-reversing motor of the present invention with windings connected schematically; description of reference numerals: 17. an outer rotor; 18. an outer air gap; 19. an inner rotor; 20. an inner air gap; 21. permanent magnets on the inner stator teeth; 22. permanent magnets on the outer stator teeth; 23-34, ring armature winding designation; 35. modulating teeth on the inner stator teeth; 36. modulating teeth on the outer stator teeth; 37. slotting stators on two sides;
FIG. 3 is a modular stator structure of the present invention; description of reference numerals: 38. a single stator module;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a single stator module of the present invention; description of reference numerals: 39. dovetail teeth; 40. a dovetail groove.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a conventional flux reversing electric machine comprising a 12 slot stator 1 and a 16 tooth inner salient pole rotor 4. The inner surface of the stator tooth is provided with 36 permanent magnets 2, and the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to form 18 pairs of pole permanent magnetic fields. The permanent magnets 2 form an independent air gap 3 with the inner salient-pole rotor 4. A 12-slot stator 1 has three-phase armature winding coils with a span of 4 slots placed thereon.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the ring-winding dual-rotor flux-reversing motor of the present invention, which differs from the conventional flux-reversing motor in that the motor adopts a dual-rotor ring-winding structure, and modulation teeth capable of enhancing the modulation effect are arranged between the permanent magnets on the inner and outer tooth surfaces of the stator. The modulation teeth can be integrally processed with the stator, so that the permanent magnet is fixed conveniently. The motor can optimize the modulation effect of the motor by adjusting the polar arc of the modulation teeth to enhance the torque density of the motor.
As shown in fig. 2, the ring-winding dual-rotor flux-reversing motor includes a silicon double-sided slotted stator 37 and inner and outer pole core rotors 19 and 17, with independent air gaps 20 and 18 formed between the inner and outer pole rotors 19 and 17 and the stator 37, respectively. The teeth on the inner side and the outer side of the stator 37 are provided with grooves, N-S-N-S arranged permanent magnets 21 and 22 are placed in the grooves, and the magnetizing directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. Modulation teeth 36 and 35 are arranged between the permanent magnets on the surfaces of the inner stator teeth and the outer stator teeth. And annular armature windings are wound on the stator yoke parts between the adjacent stator teeth. The permanent magnetic fields on the surfaces of the inner stator teeth and the outer stator teeth can generate extra magnetic fields of two pairs of poles through the double modulation action of the inner and outer salient pole rotors and the modulation teeth, the main magnetic field of the motor is enhanced, and then higher back electromotive force is induced in the armature, and the torque density of the motor is improved.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the stator 37 is formed by splicing a plurality of stator modules 38, each stator module includes a stator yoke, half stator teeth are respectively disposed at two ends of an inner side of the stator yoke, half stator teeth are respectively disposed at two ends of an outer side of the stator yoke, and half stator teeth on adjacent stator modules are spliced to form complete stator teeth. As shown in fig. 4, a dovetail groove 40 and a dovetail tooth 39 are respectively arranged on two sides of each stator module, and the dovetail teeth of two adjacent stator modules are matched with the dovetail groove to realize fastening and splicing. The armature winding on the stator module can be wound firstly, and then the motor complete machine assembly is carried out, so that the processing technology is simplified.
In this embodiment, the number of salient pole teeth of the inner salient pole rotor and the outer salient pole rotor are the same, the salient pole teeth of the inner salient pole rotor are opposite to the salient pole teeth of the outer salient pole rotor, and the inner salient pole rotor and the outer salient pole rotor rotate synchronously. The magnetizing directions of two permanent magnets which are opposite to each other in the radial direction on the surfaces of the stator teeth on the inner side and the outer side of the stator are opposite. The inner salient pole rotor, the outer salient pole rotor and the stator are made of silicon steel sheet lamination or SMC composite soft magnetic materials. The modulation teeth and the stator teeth are integrally processed, grooves are formed on the surfaces of the stator teeth, permanent magnets can be conveniently installed, and the processing process is simplified.
The winding connection of the motor is described below with reference to fig. 2: in this embodiment, a three-phase armature winding is taken as an example, each coil is wound around a stator yoke, and a loop coil current flowing from an outer stator slot into an inner slot is defined as a positive coil (represented by a +, B +, and C +), and a current flowing from an inner stator slot into an outer slot is defined as a negative coil (represented by a-, B-, and C-). Now, the connection of the coils in the counterclockwise direction is explained, in order to wind the three-phase armature magnetic field of 2 pairs of motors, 26 and 32 are a + coils, and 23 and 29 are a-coils; 24 and 30 are B + coils, 27 and 33 are B-coils; 28 and 34 are C + coils and 25 and 31 are C-coils.
The magnetic field enhancement principle of the annular winding dual-rotor flux reversal motor is explained by combining the magnetic field modulation principle:
1. for a traditional flux reversal motor, the magnetic field of a permanent magnetic field modulated by salient pole rotor teeth contains static
A sub-harmonic. In addition, the frequency of the motor is the same
And
a sub-harmonic. Wherein i is a positive odd number, k is a positive integer, N
rNumber of rotor poles, Z
sThe number of stator slots. When k is 1, i is 1,
the permanent magnetic field of the motor can generate working harmonic waves with 2 pairs of poles after being modulated by the salient pole teeth of the rotor, and the main harmonic waves with 2 pairs of poles induce counter electromotive force in a three-phase armature winding of the stator, so that electromechanical energy conversion is realized.
2. For the annular winding dual-rotor flux reversal motor provided by the invention, the air gap not only contains a harmonic magnetic field of the traditional flux reversal motor, but also contains additional working harmonic generated by a permanent magnetic field through salient pole rotor teeth and modulation teeth. The inner rotor flux reversal motor will now be explained as an example:the additional frequency of the working harmonic generated by the permanent magnetic field via the salient rotor teeth and the modulation teeth according to the field modulation principle
And
a sub-harmonic. Wherein j is a positive integer. When k is 1, i is 1, j is 1,
it can be seen from the above that 18 pairs of pole permanent magnetic fields can also generate 2 pairs of pole main magnetic field harmonics by modulating with 16 pole salient pole rotor teeth and 36 modulation teeth, and the main magnetic field is enhanced to further increase the torque density of the motor. Because the structure of the outer rotor flux reversal motor is the same as that of the inner rotor, the principle of magnetic field enhancement through the modulation teeth is the same as that of the inner rotor, and description is omitted.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, the modulation teeth can be applied to other pole slot matching of the flux reversal motor; the invention is explained by taking a three-phase unit motor as an example, the invention can be expanded to a magnetic flux reversal motor matched with an M-phase pole slot, in addition, the idea can also be expanded to structures such as an axial magnetic flux and a linear motor, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea provided by the invention falls into the protection scope of the invention.