CN100454729C - Bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine - Google Patents
Bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100454729C CN100454729C CNB200510038808XA CN200510038808A CN100454729C CN 100454729 C CN100454729 C CN 100454729C CN B200510038808X A CNB200510038808X A CN B200510038808XA CN 200510038808 A CN200510038808 A CN 200510038808A CN 100454729 C CN100454729 C CN 100454729C
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- yoke
- stator
- rotor
- permanent magnet
- outer yoke
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000002457 bidirectional Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002964 excitative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to a bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine which is a hybrid excitation speed regulating electric machine formed by combining a permanent magnet and electric excitation. A stator yoke and a rotor yoke of the brushless electric machine adopt a double-yoke structure. A stator outer yoke (9) for axial magnetism conduction and a rotor inner yoke (15) for axial magnetism conduction are annular post bodies, wherein the stator outer yoke (9) is divided into a plurality of equal parts by permanent magnets (16); the length of the stator outer yoke (9) and the rotor inner yoke (15) is the same with that of an iron core formed by stacking silicon-steel sheets. The stator outer yoke (9) is in a machine shell (4) of the electric machine; a stator inner yoke (10) is positioned in the stator outer yoke (9); the stator inner yoke (10) and the stator outer yoke (9) together form the stator yoke with the double-yoke structure. The rotor inner yoke (15) is tightly sheathed outside a rotary shaft (8); a rotor outer yoke (14) is coated outside the rotor inner yoke (15); rotor teeth (13) are arranged on the rotor outer yoke (14); the rotor inner yoke (15) and the rotor outer yoke (14) together form the rotor yoke with the double-yoke structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the composite excitation buncher that a kind of permanent magnet and electric excitation combine, and adopts axially and the biconvex electrode structure of common excitation radially, belongs to the technical field of brshless DC motor.
Background technology
That traditional asynchronous motor has is simple in structure, do not need to safeguard and advantage that reliability is high, obtained to use widely at the common electric machine transmission field, but its speed adjusting performance is not good.Though can adopt converter technique or adopt other control technologys to realize speed governing, its cost is often higher relatively, and can't obtain the effect that compares favourably with direct current machine.The conventional DC motor, armature winding electric current and excitation winding electric current can be controlled respectively, good speed adjustment features, but because brush and commutator are arranged, so maintenance workload is big, and be not suitable for the big electric current operation of high rotating speed, the motor manufacturing cost is also high.The brushless DC motor that Recent study is more, owing to cancelled the sliding contact between brush and commutator, therefore have the life-span long, reliability is high, efficient and power density advantages of higher, but because permanent magnet is installed on the rotor, therefore to ambient temperature and mechanical oscillation sensitivity, mechanical strength is on the low side, is not suitable for high-speed cruising, and causes the demagnetization of permanent magnet sometimes because of armature reaction.The switched reluctance machines rotor all is the salient pole form, does not have winding and permanent magnet on the rotor, and is simple and reliable for structure, mechanical strength is high.But switched reluctance machines can be used to produce two zones of torque has only one to obtain utilizing, and essence is a kind of monolateral exciter, winding current comprises torque component and excitation component, has increased the voltammetric capacity of winding and power inverter like this, so efficient and power density are lower.That the high-performance bisalient-pole permanent-magnet motor that the nineties American scholar T professor .A.Lipo proposes has is simple and reliable for structure, non-maintaining, do not have winding, efficient advantages of higher on the rotor.But because its excitatory magnetic field only adopts permanent magnet, make the air-gap field size adjustment difficulty of motor, thereby the motor weak-magnetic speed-regulating is very inconvenient, is difficult to be widely used in the occasion of the stepless and frequent speed governing of needs.Though can realize speed governing by the number of turn that changes armature winding, can only realize step speed regulation, can't realize level and smooth stepless speed regulation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine that the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of structure sieve is single, reliable, non-maintaining, do not have winding on the rotor, efficient is high has solved the problem of doubly salient permanent magnet motor stepless speed control difficulty simultaneously.
Technical scheme: the stator yoke portion of bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine of the present invention and rotor yoke adopt two yoke structures; Be used for that yoke is a circular cylinder in the outer yoke of stator of axial magnetic conduction and the rotor, wherein the outer yoke of stator is cut off to become impartial several parts by permanent magnet, and the length of yoke is identical with the core length of silicon steel plate stacking in the outer yoke of stator and the rotor; The outer yoke of stator is in the inboard of motor housing, and yoke is positioned at the inboard of the outer yoke of stator in the stator, the common stator yoke portion that constitutes two yoke structures of the outer yoke of yoke and stator in the stator; Yoke tightly is enclosed within outside the rotating shaft in the rotor, and the yoke outside is surrounded by the outer yoke of rotor in the rotor, is provided with rotor tooth outside rotor on the yoke, is made of the rotor yoke of two yoke structures jointly yoke, the outer yoke of rotor in the rotor.Inboard at the motor housing of motor both ends of the surface is provided with side magnetic conduction steel plate, leave axial air-gap between the yoke at this side magnetic conduction steel plate in by the end in axle center and rotor, cylindrical at this side magnetic conduction steel plate leans on the part of yoke outside the stator to be provided with the magnetic pole pole shoe, axially magnet exciting coil is positioned on the outside of side magnetic conduction steel plate, and position transducer is positioned on the magnetic conduction steel plate of side.
The composite excitation that motor adopts permanent magnet and electric excitation to combine, the air gap main flux is produced jointly by permanent magnet and axial magnet exciting coil, and magnetic field of permanent magnet is a radial magnetic field, and electric exciting field is an axial magnetic field.When motor moves in rated condition, provide excitation by permanent magnet, when motor need operate in low speed high torque or the permanent power rating of high speed, realize increasing magnetic or weak magnetic control system by Control Shaft to the size and Orientation of magnet exciting coil electric current, increase magnetic control and be shaped on the torque that is beneficial to the lifting motor, satisfy the low speed high torque load request; Weak magnetic control system can realize the permanent power wide range speed control of motor high speed.Stator and rotor yoke all adopt two yoke structures, and yoke is mainly used to axial magnetic conduction in outer yoke of stator and the rotor, prevents the decay of magnetic field intensity when axial magnetic field is vertically passed core lamination stack: the outer yoke of yoke and rotor is mainly used to radially magnetic conduction in the stator.Because axially electricity excitation magnetic field is without the very big permanent magnet of magnetic resistance, thereby the magnetic resistance of electricity excitation magnetic field is less, this has just guaranteed not need very big excitation magnetic potential just can obtain needed air-gap field, also can be owing to having applied the demagnetization that electricity excitation magnetic field causes permanent magnet.
Beneficial effect: this motor has that doubly salient permanent magnet motor is simple and reliable for structure, non-maintaining, do not have series of advantages such as winding, efficient height on the rotor, to all having done certain improvement on the structure of doubly salient permanent magnet motor and the operation logic, efficiently solve doubly salient permanent magnet motor and be difficult to realize weak magnetic control system, the less deficiency of constant-power speed regulation scope simultaneously.On the basis that has kept stator and rotor biconvex electrode structure, introduced axial electricity excitation magnetic field, make the air gap resultant magnetic field easy to adjust, thereby motor has broad stepless speed regulation scope, even also can reach constant-power speed regulation preferably under high rotating speed, has scientific research preferably and is worth and utilizes prospect.
The composite excitation that motor adopts permanent magnet and electric excitation to combine, the air gap main flux is produced jointly by permanent magnet and axial magnet exciting coil, and magnetic field of permanent magnet is a radial magnetic field, and direct current excitation is an axial magnetic field.Stator winding and excitation winding are installed on the stator, and its electric current all can independently control, and easy to adjust, control flexibly.When motor moves in rated condition, provide excitation by permanent magnet, when motor need operate in low speed high torque or the permanent power rating of high speed, realize increasing magnetic or weak magnetic control system by Control Shaft to the size and Orientation of magnet exciting coil electric current, increase magnetic control and be shaped on the torque that is beneficial to the lifting motor, satisfy the low speed high torque load request; Weak magnetic control system can realize the permanent power wide range speed control of motor high speed.Do not have coil and permanent magnet on the rotor, can be used for high rotating speed occasion.
The electric motor end cap outside by aluminium alloy or other not magnetic conductive material make; The member by the axial excitation of cast steel processing is inlayed in the inboard.Axially excitation pole is processed into the pole shoe form, like this, can guarantee to have enough spaces that excitation winding is installed, and makes electric machine structure compact more, and can reduce copper consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the axial cutaway view of motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a motor cross section structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of motor of the present invention side magnetic conduction magnetic conductive board.
Yoke 10, stator tooth 11, stator winding 12, rotor tooth 13, the outer yoke 14 of rotor, the interior yoke 15 of rotor, permanent magnet 16 in axial magnet exciting coil 1, radial air gap 2, axial air-gap 3, motor housing 4, side magnetic conduction steel plate 5, magnetic pole pole shoe 6, position transducer 7, rotating shaft 8, the outer yoke 9 of stator, the stator are wherein arranged.
Above accompanying drawing is with stator 12 teeth, and the motor of rotor 8 teeth (being called for short 12/8 utmost point) is that example illustrates, according to the operation logic of motor, is equally applicable to the bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine of 6/4 utmost point, 8/6 utmost point or other numbers of poles.
Embodiment
1, the basic structure of two-way mixed excitation brushless and other electric rotating machines the same (as Fig. 1) has a standing part stator, and a rotating part rotor is arranged, and a very little radial air gap 2 is arranged between the stator and rotor.Stator is made up of stator winding 12, stator core (siliceous steel disc laminates part and electrical pure iron part), permanent magnet 16, position transducer 7, excitation pole pole shoe 6, excitation winding 1, side magnetic conduction steel plate 5.Wherein the interior round upper punch of the iron core of silicon steel plate stacking part has stator tooth 11 and groove, and the polar arc of tooth is 1/2 of tooth pitch, and winding is by the insulated copper wire coiling in the groove; Also be fixed with rotor-position sensor 7 on the stator side end cap, constitute by Hall element.Rotor is made up of rotor core (siliceous steel disc laminates part and electrical pure iron part) and rotating shaft 8, and wherein the cylindrical upper punch of silicon steel plate stacking part iron core has rotor tooth 13 and groove, forms salient pole.
Magnetic field intensity has decay by a relatively large margin when 2, vertically passing core lamination stack because of axial magnetic field, stator and rotor yoke adopt two yoke structures, yoke 15 is mainly used to axial magnetic conduction in outer yoke 9 of stator and the rotor, (wherein the outer yoke of stator is cut off to become impartial several parts by permanent magnet all to adopt electrical pure iron to be processed as circular cylinder, as Fig. 2), cylinder length is identical with core length.Yoke 15 tightly is enclosed within the rotating shaft 8 in the rotor, and its outside is to comprise outer yoke 14 of rotor and rotor tooth 13 rotor iron core laminated.The outer yoke 9 of stator is in the inboard of motor housing 4, and yoke 10 forms for the thick silicon steel plate stacking of 0.5mm in the stator, is close to the outer yoke 9 of stator, and constitutes stator yoke portion jointly with the outer yoke of stator.
3, the electric motor end cap outside by aluminium alloy or other not magnetic conductive material make; The inboard is inlaid with the member of axial excitation, is processed by cast steel, as the part of axial magnetic circuit.Stator side magnetic pole pole shoe 6 is axially closely contacting with the outer yoke 9 of stator, and less being advisable of axial air-gap in the magnetic conduction magnetic pole of rotor-side and the rotor between the yoke is to reduce the magnetic resistance of axial magnetic circuit.For reducing the motor manufacturing cost, make electric machine structure compact more simultaneously, axially excitation pole is processed into the pole shoe form, like this, can guarantee to have enough spaces that excitation winding is installed, and can reduce copper consumption, improves the motor operational efficiency.For the uniformity coefficient that guarantees that axial magnetic field is distributed in the stator and rotor core lamination stack, the axial dimension of motor is unsuitable long, and the motor both sides all need axial excitation, every side shaft to the number of magnet exciting coil 1 with the permanent magnet number, between the outward flange of magnetic pole pole shoe 6 and the permanent magnet 16 enough distances should be arranged, in case leakage field.
4, permanent magnet (Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material) 16 and stator winding 12 are installed on the stator, and excitation winding 1 is installed on the excitation pole, and no winding does not have permanent magnet on the rotor, and electric machine structure is simple and reliable, and motor can blushless operation and high-speed cruising like this.Permanent magnet 16 is installed in stator yoke portion uniformly, and the N-N utmost point between permanent magnet in opposite directions, and the S-S utmost point is (as Fig. 2) in opposite directions, produces poly-magnetic effect like this at the air-gap field place; All be set with stator winding 12 on each stator tooth 11, stator winding adopts concentrates winding, and corresponding two coils in locus constitute a phase of armature winding through polyphone or parallel connection according to electromotive force addition or principle in the same way.
5, the path of main flux:
Radially the order in main flux path is: the permanent magnet N utmost point; Stator yoke portion; Stator tooth; Radial air gap; Rotor tooth; Rotor yoke; Rotor tooth; Radial air gap; Stator tooth; Stator yoke portion; The permanent magnet S utmost point;
Axially the order in main flux path is: the electric excitation pole N utmost point (or the S utmost point, depend on the exciting current direction, down together); The excitation pole pole shoe; The outer yoke of stator; Yoke in the stator; Stator tooth; Radial air gap; Rotor tooth; The outer yoke of rotor; Yoke in the rotor; Axial air-gap; The magnetic conduction magnetic pole; Side magnetic conduction steel plate; The electricity excitation pole S utmost point (or N utmost point).
Claims (2)
1. a bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine is characterized in that the stator yoke portion of this brushless electric machine and rotor yoke adopt two yoke structures; Being used for the outer yoke (9) of stator and the interior yoke (15) of rotor of axial magnetic conduction is circular cylinder, wherein the outer yoke (9) of stator is along the circumferential direction cut off to become 4 impartial parts by permanent magnet (16), be provided with permanent magnet (16) between every two parts, the magnetic pole of permanent magnet along the circumferential direction is provided with, permanent magnet (16) is installed in stator yoke portion uniformly, and the N-N utmost point between permanent magnet in opposite directions, or the S-S utmost point in opposite directions, and the axial length of outer yoke (9) of stator and the interior yoke (15) of rotor is identical with the axial length of interior yoke (10) of the stator of silicon steel plate stacking and the outer yoke (14) of rotor; The outer yoke (9) of stator is in the inboard of motor housing (4), and yoke (10) is positioned at the inboard of the outer yoke (9) of stator in the stator, yoke (10) and the common stator yoke portion that constitutes two yoke structures of the outer yoke (9) of stator in the stator; Yoke (15) tightly is enclosed within outside the rotating shaft (8) in the rotor, and yoke (15) outside is surrounded by the outer yoke (14) of rotor in the rotor, is provided with rotor tooth (13) on the yoke outside rotor (14), by yoke in the rotor (15), the common rotor yoke that constitutes two yoke structures of the outer yoke (14) of rotor; Stator winding (12) is installed on the stator, is positioned on each stator tooth (11) on the stator yoke (10) all to be with stator winding (12), realizes the running of motor thereby match with rotor structure, and rotor does not have winding.
2, bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with side magnetic conduction steel plate (5) in the inboard of the motor housing (4) of motor both ends of the surface, leave axial air-gap (3) between the yoke (15) at this side magnetic conduction steel plate (5) in by the part in axle center and rotor, cylindrical at this side magnetic conduction steel plate (5) leans on the part of yoke (9) outside the stator to be provided with magnetic pole pole shoe (6), axially excitation winding (1) is wound on the magnetic pole pole shoe (6), axially excitation winding (1) is positioned on the outside of side magnetic conduction steel plate (5), and rotor-position sensor (7) is positioned on the side magnetic conduction steel plate (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510038808XA CN100454729C (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2005-04-11 | Bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510038808XA CN100454729C (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2005-04-11 | Bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine |
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| CN1688083A CN1688083A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| CN100454729C true CN100454729C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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| CNB200510038808XA Expired - Fee Related CN100454729C (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2005-04-11 | Bidirectional hybrid excitation brushless electric machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005834A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Hybrid excitation doubly salient motor adopting axial excitation |
| CN102035270A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Axial excitation double salient pole motors |
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| CN1937356B (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2010-05-12 | 江苏大学 | Stator permanent-magnet double salient pole fault-tolerant motor |
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| CN102064650A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-05-18 | 安徽皖南新维电机有限公司 | Hybrid excitation direct current motor |
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| CN107026550B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-07-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of Hybrid Excitation Switched Reluctance Motor |
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| US6707213B2 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2004-03-16 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Hybrid magnet type DC motor |
| CN1601855A (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2005-03-30 | 东南大学 | Wide governing, double salient pole, mixed excitation brushless dynamo and weak magnet control method thereof |
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2005
- 2005-04-11 CN CNB200510038808XA patent/CN100454729C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062436A (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1992-07-01 | 董文山 | Direct current machine |
| US5672926A (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1997-09-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hybrid-energized electric machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005834A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Hybrid excitation doubly salient motor adopting axial excitation |
| CN102035270A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Axial excitation double salient pole motors |
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| CN1688083A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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