CN214707273U - Solar energy storage discharge circuit - Google Patents
Solar energy storage discharge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN214707273U CN214707273U CN202120746332.XU CN202120746332U CN214707273U CN 214707273 U CN214707273 U CN 214707273U CN 202120746332 U CN202120746332 U CN 202120746332U CN 214707273 U CN214707273 U CN 214707273U
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar energy storage discharge circuit, which comprises a solar cell panel, a hysteresis switch circuit, a super capacitor matrix, a discharge control circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the solar cell panel is connected with the super capacitor matrix to form an energy storage unit; the hysteresis switch circuit is connected between the solar cell panel and the super capacitor matrix and controls the on-off of the charging loop so as to realize the automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix; the super capacitor matrix is connected with the discharge control circuit; the discharge control circuit is connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit and controls whether to be conducted with a post-stage circuit or not according to whether the voltage value of the output end of the super capacitor matrix reaches the threshold voltage or not so as to control the super capacitor matrix to discharge; the voltage stabilizing circuit can adjust and stabilize the output voltage according to the requirement, so that the output voltage can be adjusted and stably output. The utility model discloses make full use of renewable energy, improved power supply circuit's convenience and feature of environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electronic circuit technical field, concretely relates to solar energy storage discharge circuit.
Background
Solar energy is a renewable energy source, has the advantages of universality, harmlessness and long-term performance, has huge requirements on environmental protection and renewable clean energy in various countries at present, and has very wide development prospect in solar power generation. However, when the existing solar cell panel works, the output voltage of the solar cell panel is continuously reduced along with the increase of the load, even the output voltage is dragged by the load, the stability of the output voltage cannot be kept, the output current of the solar cell panel is limited, and when a large instantaneous power output is needed, a large-area solar cell panel array is needed.
The super capacitor is an emerging energy storage element, has the characteristics of high charging and discharging speed, long service life, large capacity, high safety, wide temperature range, high power density, environmental friendliness and the like, can be used for a longer time compared with a common storage battery and a lithium ion battery, does not need frequent maintenance and replacement, does not have potential safety hazards of explosion, and has no pollution to disassembled raw materials. However, the discharge of the super capacitor is not controlled, if the super capacitor is directly connected to two ends of a load, the discharge operation can be performed as long as the super capacitor stores electric energy, the super capacitor is likely to start to discharge under the condition that the working requirement of a later-stage circuit is not met, the released small energy cannot meet the load, the energy is wasted, and if the super capacitor is installed in the circuit, the charge and discharge processes of the super capacitor are simultaneously performed under the condition that a front-stage power supply or a later-stage load is not disconnected, so that the energy on the super capacitor cannot be accumulated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a solar energy storage discharge circuit, which aims to solve the technical problems and uses a solar cell panel to fully utilize clean energy of solar energy to generate electricity, in order to overcome the problem of low instantaneous output power of a small-sized solar cell panel, a super capacitor is used to store electricity, the advantages of high charging and discharging speed and high power density of the super capacitor are exerted, the instantaneous power output by the circuit is improved, the control of automatic charging of the super capacitor is realized through a hysteresis switch circuit, the charging is stopped only after the super capacitor is charged to a preset threshold voltage, the damage caused by overcharge of the super capacitor is prevented, the super capacitor can store enough energy to meet the working requirements of subsequent circuits, the controllability of the discharge action of the super capacitor in the circuit is realized through a discharge control circuit, and the discharge operation of the super capacitor can be carried out only after the super capacitor is charged to an expected voltage value, the super capacitors can not discharge endlessly, the super capacitors can be charged normally, the voltage values of the charged two ends of each super capacitor are basically equal through the voltage equalizing circuit, the utilization rate of energy is improved to the maximum extent, and the output voltage of the final circuit is stable and adjustable in a wide range through the voltage stabilizing circuit. The circuit is suitable for the condition that a small solar panel is used for supplying power, but the power output is high, the output voltage is flexible and adjustable, and frequent maintenance cannot be performed, such as an electric heating device.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model provides a solar energy storage discharge circuit, includes solar cell panel, hysteresis switch circuit, super capacitor matrix, discharge control circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
the solar cell panel is connected with the super capacitor matrix to form an energy storage unit, the solar cell panel converts solar energy into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is stored in the super capacitor matrix;
the hysteresis switch circuit is connected between the solar cell panel and the super capacitor matrix and controls the on-off of a charging loop so as to realize the automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix;
the super capacitor matrix is connected with the discharge control circuit;
the discharge control circuit is connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit and controls whether to be conducted with a post-stage circuit or not according to whether the voltage value of the output end of the super capacitor matrix reaches the threshold voltage or not so as to control the discharge of the super capacitor matrix;
the voltage stabilizing circuit can adjust and stabilize the output voltage according to the requirement, so that the output voltage can be adjusted and stably output.
Preferably, the maximum output voltage of the solar cell panel under load should not exceed the withstand voltage of the super capacitor matrix, and the solar cell panel can be adjusted to a required angle through a rotating shaft connected to the metal shell and fixed.
Preferably, the hysteretic switching circuit comprises a resistor R1、R2、R3、R4Adjustable potentiometer RW1、RW2、RW3Rectifier diode D1、D2Voltage stabilizing diode VZ1MOS transistor Q1And a switching transistor Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5Wherein the resistance R1One end of the adjustable potentiometer R is connected withW1The other end of the middle pin is connected with a switch triode Q3Base electrode of (3), adjustable potentiometer RW1The left end and the right end of the solar cell panel are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the solar cell panel, and the MOS tube Q1The source electrode of the MOS transistor is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel, and the MOS transistor Q1The drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix, and the MOS transistor Q1The grid of the transistor is respectively connected with a switching triode Q2Collector electrode, resistor R2Is connected to one end of a resistor R2The other end of the transistor is connected with an MOS transistor Q1Source electrode of (2), switching triode Q2The emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel and the switching triode Q2Base electrode of the rectifier diode D is connected with the rectifier diode D1Anode of (2), rectifier diode D1Respectively with the resistance R4One end of (1), an adjustable potentiometer RW3One of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q5Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q3Collector of the voltage regulator is connected with an adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q3Is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and a resistor R4The other end of each of the resistors R and R is connected with3One end of (1), MOS tube Q1Is connected to the source of the transistor Q5Respectively with a resistor R3Another terminal of (1), a switching triode Q4Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q5The emitting electrode of the solar cell panel is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel, and the adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the first and second electrodes is respectively connected with a rectifier diode D2Negative electrode of (2), switching triode (Q)3Collector and switching triode Q4Is connected with the base electrode of the adjustable potentiometer RW2The middle pin of the LED is connected with a rectifier diode D2Positive electrode of (2), adjustable potentiometer RW2One end of the left and right ends of the voltage stabilizing diode V is connected with the voltage stabilizing diode VZ1The other end of the triode is connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel, and a switch triode Q4The emitting electrode of the light emitting diode is connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel, and the voltage stabilizing diode VZ1Respectively with a switching transistor Q3The emitting electrode of the super capacitor matrix is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix.
Preferably, the super capacitor matrix is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameters in series to form a super capacitor group, connecting a plurality of super capacitor groups connected in series end to end in parallel, and finally carrying out voltage-sharing treatment.
Preferably, the withstand voltage value of the super capacitor matrix is higher than the maximum value of the output voltage when the solar battery plate is loaded.
Whether the super capacitor matrix discharges or not is controlled by the discharge control circuit.
The discharge control circuit comprises an adjustable potentiometer, a current-limiting resistor, a voltage stabilizing diode and a silicon controlled rectifier, wherein the left end and the right end of the adjustable potentiometer are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix, a middle pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with one end of the current-limiting resistor, the other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with the control electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier, the anode of the silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the anode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix, and the cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the anode of the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Preferably, the discharge control circuit can select a voltage stabilizing diode and a controllable silicon with appropriate parameters according to requirements, and adjust the adjustable potentiometer so as to change the output threshold voltage of the circuit.
The voltage stabilizing circuit adopts a wide-range voltage stabilizing circuit, the input voltage of the circuit can be generally between 3V and 30V, the output voltage can be generally between 5V and 35V, the circuit uses a high-efficiency MOSFET switching tube capable of bearing large current, the high-efficiency MOSFET switching tube has ultrahigh switching frequency, a filter capacitor with small capacity can achieve a good filtering effect on output waveforms, output ripples are small, and the circuit size is small.
Preferably, the voltage stabilizing circuit is adjustable in output voltage, and the output voltage of the circuit can be adjusted within an adjustable range through a precise adjustable potentiometer in the adjusting circuit.
Preferably, the input voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit should not be lower or higher than the allowable input voltage range of the circuit. The utility model discloses a technological effect and advantage: the circuit adopts a solar panel to generate electric energy, and the renewable energy source of solar energy is fully utilized; the matrix specification can be automatically increased or reduced by utilizing the super capacitor matrix for power storage according to needs, the voltage value of each super capacitor after being charged is basically equal through the voltage equalizing circuit, the characteristics of high charging and discharging speed, long service life, large capacity, high safety, wide temperature range, high power density, environmental friendliness and the like of the super capacitors are fully exerted, the problem of low instantaneous power of a small solar cell panel is solved, and the instantaneous output power of the circuit is improved; the hysteresis switch circuit between the solar cell panel and the super capacitor matrix realizes automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix, so that the super capacitor matrix automatically cuts off a loop when the charging reaches a preset voltage value, stops charging, automatically connects the loop after the super capacitor matrix finishes discharging, and continues to charge the super capacitor matrix; the discharging action of the super capacitor matrix is controlled by the discharging control circuit, so that the super capacitor matrix can be discharged only after being charged to an expected voltage value, and the threshold voltage of circuit conduction can be changed by adjusting element parameters and adjusting the adjustable potentiometer, so that the requirement of a load can be better met; the output voltage can be adjusted within an adjustable range through the voltage stabilizing circuit, the voltage is stabilized, and the output voltage of the whole circuit is stable and adjustable. Finally, the utility model discloses utilized solar cell panel to produce the electric energy to utilize super capacitor matrix energy storage, make full use of renewable energy, rely on the charging process of hysteresis switch circuit automatic control super capacitor matrix, the application control circuit that discharges controls super capacitor matrix and discharges according to expected magnitude of voltage, and make circuit output voltage stable adjustable through voltage stabilizing circuit, improved power supply circuit's convenience and feature of environmental protection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a solar cell panel 1, a hysteresis switch circuit 2, a super capacitor matrix 3, a discharge control circuit 4 and a voltage stabilizing circuit 5.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to fig. 1-2 of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The solar energy storage discharge circuit provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes a solar cell panel 1, a hysteresis switch circuit 2, a super capacitor matrix 3, a discharge control circuit 4, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 5; the solar cell panel 1 is connected with the super capacitor matrix 3 to form an energy storage unit, solar energy is converted into electric energy by the solar cell panel 1, and the converted electric energy is stored in the super capacitor matrix 3; the hysteresis switch circuit 2 is connected between the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3 and controls the on-off of a charging loop so as to realize the automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix 3; the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected with the discharge control circuit 4, the super capacitor matrix 3 is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameters in series to form a super capacitor group, connecting a plurality of super capacitor groups formed by connecting the super capacitors in series end to end in parallel and finally carrying out voltage-sharing treatment; the discharge control circuit 4 is connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit 5, and the discharge control circuit 4 controls whether to be conducted with a post-stage circuit according to whether the voltage value of the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3 reaches the threshold voltage or not so as to control the super capacitor matrix 3 to discharge; the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 can adjust and stabilize the output voltage according to the requirement, so as to realize the adjustment of the output voltage and ensure the stable output of the output voltage.
In this embodiment, the circuit input is UIN and the circuit output is UO.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the solar cell panel 1 is connected with the super capacitor matrix 3 to form an energy storage unit, the solar cell panel 1 converts solar energy into electric energy, and stores the converted electric energy in the super capacitor matrix 3, an anode of an output end of the solar cell panel 1 is connected to an anode of an input end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and a cathode of an output end of the solar cell panel 1 is connected to a cathode of an input end of the super capacitor matrix 3.
Specifically, the output voltage of the solar panel 1 is related to the weather condition, under the condition of sunlight, the output voltage of the solar panel 1 rises along with the time, the maximum output voltage when the selected solar panel 1 is loaded should not exceed the withstand voltage value of the super capacitor matrix 3, the voltage value at two ends of a single super capacitor is prevented from exceeding the maximum bearable charging voltage, damage to the super capacitor is prevented, the service life of the super capacitor is shortened, and therefore the solar panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3 are matched with each other as much as possible during parameter selection.
Specifically, be connected with the metal pivot on solar cell panel 1's the metal casing, accessible pivot rotation solar cell panel 1 is fixed to required angle, places it in the place that the sun illumination is good to solar cell panel 1 can be better carries out the photoelectric effect for the speed that the circuit charges.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the hysteresis switch circuit 2 is connected between the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3, and controls on/off of the charging loop to realize automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix 3, and the hysteresis switch circuit 2 controls on/off of the MOS transistor in the main loop to control the charging process of the super capacitor matrix 3 by the solar cell panel 1.
Specifically, the hysteresis switch circuit (2) comprises a resistor R1、R2、R3、R4Adjustable potentiometer RW1、RW2、RW3Rectifier diode D1、D2Voltage stabilizing diode VZ1MOS transistor Q1And a switching transistor Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5Wherein the resistance R1One end of the adjustable potentiometer R is connected withW1The other end of the middle pin is connected with a switch triode Q3Base electrode of (3), adjustable potentiometer RW1The left end and the right end of the solar cell panel are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the solar cell panel 1, and the MOS tube Q1Is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel 1, and the MOS tube Q1The drain electrode of the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and the MOS tube Q1The grid of the transistor is respectively connected with a switching triode Q2Collector electrode, resistor R2Is connected to one end of a resistor R2The other end of the transistor is connected with an MOS transistor Q1Source electrode of (2), switching triode Q2The emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel 1, and the triode Q is switched on and off2Base electrode of the rectifier diode D is connected with the rectifier diode D1Anode of (2), rectifier diode D1Respectively with the resistance R4One end of (1), an adjustable potentiometer RW3One of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q5Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q3Collector of the voltage regulator is connected with an adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q3Is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and a resistor R4The other end of each of the resistors R and R is connected with3One end of, MOS tube Q1Is connected to the source of the transistor Q5Respectively with a resistor R3Another terminal of (1), a switching triode Q4Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q5The emitting electrode of the solar cell panel is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel 1, and the adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the first and second electrodes is respectively connected with a rectifier diode D2Negative electrode of (2), switching triode (Q)3Collector and switching triode Q4Is connected with the base electrode of the adjustable potentiometer RW2The middle pin of the LED is connected with a rectifier diode D2Positive electrode of (2), adjustable potentiometer RW2One end of the left and right ends of the voltage stabilizing diode V is connected with the voltage stabilizing diode VZ1The other end of the anode is connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel 1, and a switching triode Q4Is connected with the cathode of the solar panel 1, and a voltage stabilizing diode VZ1Respectively with a switching transistor Q3Is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the super capacitor matrix 3, wherein a switching triode Q2Emitter and switching triode Q5Emitter electrode, adjustable potentiometer RW2And the other end of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q4The emitter of (2) can be connected to a path between the cathode of the solar panel and the cathode of the super capacitor matrix.
Specifically, when the hysteresis switch circuit 2 is switched on, the MOS transistor in the main circuit is controlled by the switching transistor in the circuit, and automatic conduction is realized, so that the solar cell panel 1 is communicated with the super capacitor matrix 3 and is charged.
Specifically, after the super capacitor matrix 3 is charged to a predetermined voltage value, the MOS transistor in the main circuit is automatically turned off due to the control of the switching transistor, the path between the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3 is cut off, and the charging process is stopped.
Specifically, after the energy of the super capacitor matrix 3 is released, the MOS transistor in the main circuit is controlled by the switching transistor to be turned on again, so that the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3 are communicated, the discharged super capacitor matrix 3 is charged, and then the hysteresis switch circuit 2 reciprocates the control process.
Specifically, the MOS transistor, the switching transistor, and the zener diode in the hysteretic switch circuit 2 are type-selected as needed, and the adjustable potentiometer in the circuit is adjusted to obtain the required charging threshold voltage.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected to the discharge control circuit 4, the super capacitor matrix 3 is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameter in series to form a super capacitor bank, connecting a plurality of super capacitor banks connected in series end to end in parallel, and finally performing voltage-sharing processing, wherein the positive electrode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected to the positive electrode of the input end of the discharge control circuit 4, and the negative electrode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the input end of the discharge control circuit 4.
Specifically, because the withstand voltage value of a single super capacitor is very low, a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameters are generally required to be connected in series for use, so as to improve the overall withstand voltage value of the whole super capacitor, wherein U is the withstand voltage value of the whole super capacitorString＝U1+U2+U3+ …, the total capacitance of the super capacitor in series will be as follows
Reduction according to the energy formula of the capacitor
It can be known that, in order to increase the energy of the super capacitors connected in series, a plurality of groups of the super capacitors connected in parallel can be connected in series according to the requirement, so as to increase the total capacitance of the whole super capacitor, CAnd are＝C1+C2+C3+ …, finally obtaining the required energy storage value, so the super capacitor matrix 3 is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameters in series to form a super capacitor group, and then connecting a plurality of super capacitor groups formed by connecting the super capacitors in series end to end in parallel, and the number of the super capacitors in series-parallel connection can be determined according to the requirement.
Specifically, because the preparation difference of ultracapacitor system itself, the magnitude of voltage that can not guarantee every ultracapacitor system both ends after charging can be equal, so still need carry out the voltage-sharing and handle to reduce the error each other of every ultracapacitor system both ends magnitude of voltage, avoid the voltage at individuality ultracapacitor system both ends to hang down or be too high, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing to have better voltage-sharing effect and simpler circuit structure, the equalizer circuit of zener diode collocation resistance has been adopted to this embodiment. Different from general resistance-capacitance voltage-sharing mode or zener diode voltage-sharing mode, the super capacitor matrix 3 of this embodiment has adopted the voltage-sharing mode of resistance cooperation zener diode, all parallelly connected the resistance of same resistance in every super capacitor's both ends, and all parallelly connected the zener diode that the steady voltage value is the same on per two super capacitors that establish ties mutually, realize cross structure, the defect that resistance-capacitance voltage-sharing mode and zener diode voltage-sharing mode exist has been remedied, both reduced the consumption on the voltage-sharing resistor, the change of zener diode conducting voltage has been reduced again, make equalizer circuit have better volt-ampere characteristic, voltage-sharing circuit's voltage-sharing effect has been improved.
Specifically, the voltage withstanding value of the whole super capacitor matrix 3 should be higher than the maximum value of the output voltage of the solar cell panel 1 under load, so as to prevent the voltage value at the two ends of the super capacitor from exceeding the voltage withstanding value to damage the super capacitor, and reduce the service life of the super capacitor.
Specifically, whether the super capacitor matrix 3 discharges or not is controlled by the discharge control circuit 4, so after the connection of the rear-stage circuit, if the discharge control circuit 4 is not turned on and the hysteresis switch circuit 2 at the front end is turned off at this time, the super capacitor matrix 3 will not perform the discharge operation, and the discharge operation of the super capacitor matrix 3 is avoided when the load requirement is not met.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the discharge control circuit 4 is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit 5, the discharge control circuit 4 controls whether to be conducted with the subsequent circuit according to whether the voltage value at the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3 reaches the threshold voltage, so as to control the discharge of the super capacitor matrix 3, the positive electrode at the output end of the discharge control circuit 4 is connected to the positive electrode at the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 5, and the negative electrode at the output end of the discharge control circuit 4 is connected to the negative electrode at the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 5.
In particular, the discharge control circuit 4 comprises an adjustable potentiometer RW4Current limitingResistance R14Voltage stabilizing diode VZ8And silicon controlled rectifier VS1Wherein the potentiometer R is adjustableW4The left end and the right end of the super capacitor matrix are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and an adjustable potentiometer RW4The middle pin of the LED is connected with a voltage stabilizing diode VZ8Negative pole of (1), a voltage regulator diode VZ8Positive electrode of the resistor is connected with a current-limiting resistor R14One terminal of (1), a current limiting resistor R14The other end of the voltage-stabilizing switch is connected with a controlled silicon VS1Control electrode of, silicon controlled rectifier VS1The anode of the super capacitor matrix 3 is connected with the anode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix 3, and the controlled silicon VS1The cathode of the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 is connected with the anode of the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Specifically, the discharge control circuit 4 can select the type of the zener diode and the thyristor according to the requirement, and adjust the adjustable potentiometer, so as to obtain the required circuit output threshold voltage.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage regulator circuit 5 can regulate and stabilize the output voltage according to the requirement, so as to adjust the output voltage and stabilize the output voltage.
Specifically, voltage stabilizing circuit 5 adopts a wide range's voltage stabilizing circuit, and the input voltage of circuit generally can be between 3V ~ 30V, and output voltage generally can be between 5V ~ 35V, and the circuit uses the high-efficient MOSFET switch tube that can bear the heavy current, and it can possess super high switching frequency, can reach very good filter effect to the output waveform with the filter capacitance of small capacity, and the output ripple is little, and the circuit is small, and what this voltage stabilizing circuit adopted is the circuit that commonly uses among the prior art, consequently the utility model discloses no longer do the detailed description to its concrete circuit structure.
Specifically, the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 is adjustable in output voltage, and the output voltage of the circuit can be adjusted within an adjustable range through a precise adjustable potentiometer in the adjusting circuit.
Specifically, the input voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 should not be lower than or higher than the allowable input voltage range of the circuit, if the input voltage is lower than the allowable input voltage, the step-up/step-down control chip in the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 will not work, the circuit cannot play the effect of stabilizing and adjusting the output voltage, and if the input voltage is higher than the allowable input voltage, devices or chips in the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 may be damaged due to the excessively high input voltage.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, five parts of the circuit are connected in sequence to form a complete circuit, wherein the input of the circuit is the electric energy converted by the solar cell panel 1 through the photoelectric effect, and the circuit is output from the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 5.
The utility model discloses a concrete theory of operation is:
when specifically using, will the utility model discloses a solar cell panel 1 places in the place that sunlight is good, through the rotatory solar cell panel 1 to suitable angle of pivot on the metal casing, makes it towards sunny side and fixed, and the voltage of 1 output of solar cell panel will rise along with the time under sunlight, until its output voltage's maximum value.
When the circuit is just switched on, the MOS transistor Q1The voltage between the source and the grid is lower than the conducting voltage thereof, and the MOS transistor Q1The solar cell panel 1 is disconnected with the super capacitor matrix 3, the super capacitor matrix 3 is not charged, and the adjustable potentiometer R is pre-chargedW1With the rising of the output voltage of the solar panel 1, a voltage larger than the conduction voltage of the switching triode is finally dropped in the switching triode Q3The voltage value of the base electrode of (3) is close to 0 because the super capacitor matrix is not charged at this time, namely the triode Q is switched on and off3When the emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q is close to 03The switch transistor Q is turned on to increase the output voltage of the solar cell panel 15Conducting and switching triode Q5Will switch the transistor Q on and off2The base voltage of the transistor is pulled to 0, and the switching triode Q is switched at the moment2Conducting and then MOS transistor Q1Is also pulled to 0, and the MOS transistor Q is turned on1The voltage between the source and the grid satisfies the breakover voltage, and the MOS transistor Q1And (4) conducting, communicating the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3, and starting charging the super capacitor matrix 3 by the solar cell panel 1. Along with the charging process, the voltage value at two ends of the super capacitor matrix 3 is continuously increased, so that the three poles of the switch are switchedTube Q3Turn off when the voltage value is larger than the voltage-stabilizing diode VZ1At the voltage-stabilizing value of (1), the voltage-stabilizing diode VZ1Conducting reverse breakdown, stabilizing voltage value, and regulating adjustable potentiometer RW2At this time, a voltage larger than the conduction voltage of the switching transistor is dropped on the switching transistor Q4Base of (2), switching transistor Q at the time4Conducting to make the switching transistor Q5The base voltage of the transistor is pulled to 0, and the transistor Q is switched on and off5Turn off to switch the transistor Q2Turn-off, MOS transistor Q1The voltage between the source and the grid is lower than the conducting voltage thereof, and the MOS transistor Q1And (4) turning off, cutting off a path between the solar cell panel 1 and the super capacitor matrix 3, and stopping charging. At this time, the voltage values at the two ends of the super capacitor matrix 3 reach the preset voltage value, the voltage value is basically equal to the output threshold voltage of the discharge control circuit 4, at this time, the discharge control circuit 4 is communicated, and the super capacitor matrix 3 starts to discharge. The voltage value at the two ends of the super capacitor matrix 3 is continuously reduced along with the discharge of the super capacitor matrix 3, and after the discharge of the super capacitor matrix 3 is finished, the switching triode Q3Will be conducted to make the switching triode Q4Turn off and turn on the switching transistor Q5Conducting and switching the transistor Q again2The base voltage of the transistor is pulled to 0, and the transistor Q is switched on and off2Conducting to make MOS transistor Q1And conducting again to enable the solar cell panel 1 to charge the discharged super capacitor matrix 3. The circuit will then continue to repeat this process.
The solar cell panel 1 absorbs sunlight, solar radiation energy is directly or indirectly converted into electric energy through a photoelectric effect or a photochemical effect, the electric energy is stored in the super capacitor matrix 3 through the switch hysteresis circuit 2, the voltage at two ends of the super capacitor matrix 3 gradually rises along with charging, the final charging voltage of the super capacitor matrix 3 is not higher than the threshold voltage preset by the hysteresis switch circuit 2, the voltage equalizing circuit in the super capacitor matrix 3 reduces the error between the voltage values at two ends of each super capacitor, and the super capacitor is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the voltage values at two ends of each super capacitor are too high.
After the discharge control circuit 4 is conducted, the preceding stage circuit is communicated with the voltage stabilizing circuit 5, when the input voltage is in the range of the input voltage allowed by the voltage stabilizing circuit 5, the voltage stabilizing circuit 5 starts to work, at the moment, the voltage is stably output at the output end of the circuit, and the output voltage of the circuit can be adjusted in the range of the output voltage allowed by adjusting a precise adjustable potentiometer in the voltage stabilizing circuit 5.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments or in part of the technical features of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a solar energy storage discharge circuit, includes solar cell panel (1), hysteresis switch circuit (2), super capacitor matrix (3), discharge control circuit (4), voltage stabilizing circuit (5), its characterized in that:
the solar cell panel (1) is connected with the super capacitor matrix (3) to form an energy storage unit, the solar cell panel (1) converts solar energy into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is stored in the super capacitor matrix (3);
the hysteresis switch circuit (2) is connected between the solar cell panel (1) and the super capacitor matrix (3) and controls the on-off of a charging loop so as to realize the automatic control of the charging process of the super capacitor matrix (3);
the super capacitor matrix (3) is connected with the discharge control circuit (4);
the discharge control circuit (4) is connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit (5), and the discharge control circuit (4) controls whether to be conducted with a post-stage circuit according to whether the voltage value of the output end of the super capacitor matrix (3) reaches a threshold voltage so as to control the super capacitor matrix (3) to discharge;
the voltage stabilizing circuit (5) adjusts and stabilizes the output voltage according to the requirement, so that the output voltage can be adjusted and stably output.
2. The solar energy storage discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein: the maximum output voltage of the solar cell panel (1) under load should not exceed the withstand voltage value of the super capacitor matrix (3);
the solar cell panel (1) can be adjusted to a required angle through a rotating shaft connected to the metal shell and fixed.
3. The solar energy storage discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein: the hysteresis switch circuit (2) comprises a resistor R1、R2、R3、R4Adjustable potentiometer RW1、RW2、RW3Rectifier diode D1、D2Voltage stabilizing diode VZ1MOS transistor Q1And a switching transistor Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5Wherein the resistance R1One end of the adjustable potentiometer R is connected withW1The other end of the middle pin is connected with a switch triode Q3Base electrode of (3), adjustable potentiometer RW1The left end and the right end of the solar cell panel are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the solar cell panel (1), and the MOS tube Q1The source electrode of the MOS transistor is connected with the anode of the solar cell panel (1), and the MOS transistor Q1The drain electrode of the super capacitor matrix (3) is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix, and the MOS tube Q1The grid of the transistor is respectively connected with a switching triode Q2Collector electrode, resistor R2Is connected to one end of a resistor R2The other end of the transistor is connected with an MOS transistor Q1Source electrode of (2), switching triode Q2The emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the negative electrode of the solar panel (1) and the triode Q is switched on and off2Base electrode of the rectifier diode D is connected with the rectifier diode D1Anode of (2), rectifier diode D1Respectively with the resistance R4One end of (1), an adjustable potentiometer RW3One of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q5Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q3Collector of the voltage regulator is connected with an adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the switching transistor Q3The emitter of the super capacitor matrix (3) is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix, and the resistor R4The other end of each of the resistors R and R is connected with3One end of (1), MOS tube Q1Is connected to the source of the transistor Q5Respectively with a resistor R3Another terminal of (1), a switching triode Q4Is connected with the collector of the transistor Q5The emitting electrode of the solar cell panel (1) is connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell panel (1), and the adjustable potentiometer RW3The other end of the left and right ends of the first and second electrodes is respectively connected with a rectifier diode D2Negative electrode of (2), switching triode (Q)3Collector and switching triode Q4Is connected with the base electrode of the adjustable potentiometer RW2The middle pin of the LED is connected with a rectifier diode D2Positive electrode of (2), adjustable potentiometer RW2One end of the left and right ends of the voltage stabilizing diode V is connected with the voltage stabilizing diode VZ1The other end of the anode is connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel (1), and a triode Q is switched on and off4The emitting electrode of the solar cell panel is connected with the cathode of the solar cell panel (1), and the voltage stabilizing diode VZ1Respectively with a switching transistor Q3The emitter of the super capacitor matrix (3) is connected with the anode of the input end of the super capacitor matrix.
4. The solar energy storage discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein: the super capacitor matrix (3) is formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors with the same parameters in series to form a super capacitor group, connecting a plurality of super capacitor groups which are connected in series end to end in parallel and equalizing the voltage of a resistor and a voltage stabilizing diode;
the withstand voltage value of the super capacitor matrix (3) is higher than the maximum value of the output voltage of the solar cell panel (1) under load.
5. The solar energy storage discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein: the discharge control circuit (4) comprises an adjustable potentiometer, a current-limiting resistor, a voltage-stabilizing diode and a silicon controlled rectifier, wherein the left end and the right end of the adjustable potentiometer are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix (3), a middle pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with one end of the current-limiting resistor, the other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with the control electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier, the anode of the silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the anode of the output end of the super capacitor matrix (3), and the cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the anode of the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit (5).
6. The solar energy storage discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein: the voltage stabilizing circuit (5) adopts a wide-range voltage stabilizing circuit, the input voltage of the circuit is between 3V and 30V, the output voltage of the circuit is between 5V and 35V, and the circuit uses a high-efficiency MOSFET switching tube capable of bearing large current;
the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit (5) is adjustable, and the output voltage of the circuit can be adjusted within an adjustable range through a precise adjustable potentiometer in the adjusting circuit;
the input voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit (5) is within the allowable input voltage range of the circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120746332.XU CN214707273U (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Solar energy storage discharge circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120746332.XU CN214707273U (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Solar energy storage discharge circuit |
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| CN214707273U true CN214707273U (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| CN202120746332.XU Expired - Fee Related CN214707273U (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Solar energy storage discharge circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115800487A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡威达智能电子股份有限公司 | Low-light-level solar power supply circuit and power supply method |
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2021
- 2021-04-13 CN CN202120746332.XU patent/CN214707273U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115800487A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡威达智能电子股份有限公司 | Low-light-level solar power supply circuit and power supply method |
| CN115800487B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2024-03-19 | 无锡威达智能电子股份有限公司 | Low-light solar power supply circuit and power supply method |
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Granted publication date: 20211112 |