CN109510188B - Control method of distributed photovoltaic power generation reverse power transmission device - Google Patents

Control method of distributed photovoltaic power generation reverse power transmission device Download PDF

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CN109510188B
CN109510188B CN201811519717.1A CN201811519717A CN109510188B CN 109510188 B CN109510188 B CN 109510188B CN 201811519717 A CN201811519717 A CN 201811519717A CN 109510188 B CN109510188 B CN 109510188B
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circuit
power transmission
capacitor
phase
power generation
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CN109510188A (en
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杨耀杰
辛忠良
霍明霞
贾鹏举
苗堃
鲍都都
李峙
齐文炎
刘希
张胜利
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Jiyuan Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Jiyuan Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02J3/383
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention relates to a control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation and reverse power transmission device, which comprises a control device, an energy storage device, a photovoltaic phase modulation device, a photovoltaic adjustment load, a conventional phase modulation device and a conventional adjustment load, wherein the control device comprises a front filter circuit, an inverter circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a rear filter circuit, the inverter circuit is a midpoint clamping type inverter circuit, the unbalanced reverse power transmission phenomenon of three phases is detected by a detection device, and a phase circuit with overhigh voltage is stored by the energy storage device, so that the balanced effect is achieved; the device is also provided with a voltage stabilizing circuit which is controlled by an MOS tube and carries out the charging and discharging processes circularly and continuously, so that a stable voltage is formed, the output or input voltage has a stable value, the safety performance of a power grid is improved, and the stable output voltage is obtained; thereby improving the stability of photovoltaic power generation; the invention has the advantages of convenient control, good balance effect and high stability.

Description

Control method of distributed photovoltaic power generation reverse power transmission device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation reverse power transmission device.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic module, the advantages of photovoltaic power generation are gradually highlighted, and through years of development, the photovoltaic power generation has achieved certain achievements. A small number of distributed power generation units have little influence on the power grid, and when the distributed power generation units reach a certain limit, the operation quality, stability and safety of the power grid are affected.
The phenomenon of unbalanced three-phase reverse power transmission of the distributed photovoltaic power generation has obvious influence on the power grid, is not beneficial to the economic operation of the power grid, and can generate reverse power transmission phenomenon because the electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation is more when the sun directly irradiates at noon, namely the electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation can be transmitted to a power plant, and the phenomenon of insufficient power supply can be generated when the sun is insufficient at night. How to balance the generated energy of the distributed photovoltaic units on the spot as much as possible, an effective control means is lacked at present, and the method mainly stays in a monitoring operation stage; therefore, it is very necessary to provide a control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation and transmission device with convenient control, good balance effect and high stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation and feedback transmission device, which is convenient to control, good in balance effect and high in stability.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and feedback transmission device comprises a control device, an energy storage device, a photovoltaic phase modulation device, a photovoltaic adjustment load, a conventional phase modulation device and a conventional adjustment load, wherein the control device comprises a front filter circuit, an inverter circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a rear filter circuit, the rear filter circuit comprises a capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C9 is connected with a circuit breaker QF1, a capacitor C8, an inductor L4 and an inductor L5, the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with the other end of the inductor L5, the other end of the capacitor C7 and a capacitor C6, the other ends of the capacitors C6, C7, C8 and C9 are grounded, the other end of the circuit breaker QF1 is connected with a contactor switch KM2, and the other end of the contactor switch KM2 is connected with the output end of the energy storage device.
The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an MOS tube VT8, the drain electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with the output end of the post-filter circuit, the source electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with a resistor R2 and the base electrode of a triode VT7, the grid electrode of the VT8 is connected with the collector electrode of the VT7 and a diode D7, the emitter electrode of the VT7 is connected with the other end of the R2, a resistor RW and a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the RW, the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the diode D7, and the two ends of the capacitor C4 are also connected with the input end of an inverter circuit.
The front filter circuit comprises a three-phase circuit A, a three-phase circuit B and a three-phase circuit C, wherein the three phases A, B and C are respectively connected with one ends of fuses FUa, FUb and FUc, the other ends of the fuses FUa, FUb and FUc are connected with an inductance assembly L1, the other end of the inductance assembly L1 is connected with a normally open contact KM1 of a contactor and a capacitance assembly C1, the other end of the normally open contact KM1 of the contactor is connected with an inductance assembly L2, the other end of the inductance assembly L2 is connected with an inverter circuit, the other end of the capacitance assembly C1 is connected with an inductance assembly L3, and the other end of the inductance assembly L3 is connected with an N pole.
The inverter circuit is a midpoint clamp type inverter circuit.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1), monitoring the operation conditions of three-phase electric quantity, voltage and terminal voltage of distribution transformer outlets A, B and C in real time;
step 2), if the three-phase unbalanced reverse power transmission condition appears at the distribution transformer outlet, starting the control device to start regulation;
step 3), the control system firstly judges the phase sequence and voltage of the installation points of the reverse transmission phase distributed photovoltaic power generation unit device:
U detection of >U Upper limit of Switching the other nearby phases to the phase by a conventional phase modulation device;
U lower limit of <U Detection of <U Upper limit of The photovoltaic phase modulation device unit is switched to other phases;
U detection of <U Lower limit of No adjustment is made;
step 4), after the terminal phase-changing equipment is adjusted, monitoring the reverse power transmission condition of the port again, if the reverse power transmission exists, starting the electric quantity adjusting device to realize the local balance of the electric quantity at the distribution and transformation port;
step 5), after the electric quantity adjusting device is started, the reverse power transmission condition of the distribution and transformation port is monitored again; if the reverse power transmission exists, starting the energy storage device to store the reverse power transmission into the energy storage device;
and 6) if the system does not have reverse power transmission, starting the energy storage device to supply the electric quantity stored in the battery to the power grid according to the set target according to the set grid-connected power generation fixed value of the energy storage device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the voltage at the tail end of the power grid operates optimally;
2. the generated energy of the photovoltaic module is balanced nearby the access point;
3. the photovoltaic reverse power transmission electric quantity is preferentially adjusted to other phases through the electric quantity adjusting device at the distribution transformer outlet, so that the surplus electric quantity is balanced on site at the distribution transformer outlet side;
4. after the reverse transmission power of the distribution transformer outlet is adjusted, if the reverse transmission power is residual, starting an energy storage device to store the reverse transmission power;
5. after energy storage processing, if the reverse transmission power is surplus, a certain proportion of reactive power is configured, and the power is transmitted to the power grid after three-phase balance;
6. the battery stores the electric quantity and supplies the electric quantity to the load under the condition of not transmitting electricity reversely; the invention has the advantages of convenient control, good balance effect and high stability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of circuits in a control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation and return power transmission device according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control system connection structure of a control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and reverse power transmission device.
Fig. 3 is a connection block diagram of a control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and return power transmission device according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and feedback transmission device includes a front control device, an energy storage device, a photovoltaic phase modulation device, a photovoltaic adjustment load, a conventional phase modulation device, and a conventional adjustment load, where the control device includes a filter circuit, an inverter circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a post-filter circuit, the post-filter circuit includes a capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C9 is connected to a breaker QF1, a capacitor C8, an inductor L4, and an inductor L5, the other end of the inductor L4 is connected to the other end of the inductor L5, the capacitor C7, and the capacitor C6, the other ends of the capacitors C6, C7, C8, and C9 are grounded, the other end of the breaker QF1 is connected to a contactor switch KM2, and the other end of the contactor switch KM2 is connected to an output end of the energy storage device; the filter circuit is used for receiving direct current output by the energy storage device, when the control system detects that the energy storage device needs to be started, the control system enables the coil of the contactor to be electrified and closes the KM2 switch, so that the direct current of the energy storage device flows to the filter circuit, and the current amplitude and the peak value generated by photovoltaic power generation are large, so that the double-pi filter circuit is formed by arranging two inductors and four capacitors, and the effect is better.
The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an MOS tube VT8, wherein the drain electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with the output end of the post-filter circuit, the source electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with a resistor R2 and the base electrode of a triode VT7, the grid electrode of the VT8 is connected with the collector electrode of the VT7 and a diode D7, the emitter electrode of the VT7 is connected with the other end of the R2, a resistor RW and a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the RW, the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the D7, and the two ends of the capacitor C4 are also connected with the input end of an inverter circuit; the current passing through the post-filter circuit flows to the voltage stabilizer, and the voltage may be unstable due to inversion in the next step, so that the amplitude of the inverted alternating current may be greatly changed. Firstly, direct current flows through the MOS tube, and an external power supply charges the inductor and reaches the required rated voltage. When the voltage at two ends of the load rises, the external power supply is disconnected through the switching action of the MOS tube, the inductor releases the energy which is charged just now, and the inductor becomes a power supply to continuously supply power to the load. With the continuous consumption of the energy stored in the inductor, the voltage at the two ends of the load begins to gradually decrease again, and the external power supply needs to be charged through the switching action of the MOS tube. The charging and discharging processes are performed circularly, so that a stable voltage is formed, and the voltage at two ends of the load can not be increased or reduced forever.
Preceding filter circuit includes A, B, C three phase circuit, fuse FUa, FUb, FUc one end are connected respectively to A, B, C three-phase, inductance components L1 is connected to the fuse FUa, FUb, the FUc other end, inductance components L1 other end and contactor normally open contact KM1 and electric capacity group C1 are connected, inductance components L2 is connected to contactor normally open contact KM1 other end, the inductance components L2 other end is connected with inverter circuit, inductance components L3 is connected to the electric capacity group C1 other end, the inductance components L3 other end is connected with the N utmost point, and every looks all corresponds and is provided with LC filter circuit.
The inverter circuit adopts the existing midpoint clamp type inverter circuit, a direct current filter capacitor is formed by connecting C2 and C3 in series, each cliff consists of two double-break power switches, VT1a and VD1a are main power switches, VT1 and VD1 are auxiliary power switches, and VT1a and VT1 are all fully-controlled devices; the invention has the advantages of convenient use, high safety performance and easy operation.

Claims (3)

1. The control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and reverse power transmission device comprises a control device, an energy storage device, a photovoltaic phase modulation device, a photovoltaic adjustment load, a conventional phase modulation device and a conventional adjustment load, and is characterized in that: the control device comprises a front filter circuit, an inverter circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a rear filter circuit, wherein the rear filter circuit comprises a capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C9 is connected with a circuit breaker QF1, a capacitor C8, an inductor L4 and an inductor L5, the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with the other end of the inductor L5, a capacitor C7 and a capacitor C6, the other ends of the capacitors C6, C7, C8 and C9 are grounded, the other end of the circuit breaker QF1 is connected with a contactor switch KM2, and the other end of the contactor switch KM2 is connected with the output end of the energy storage device;
the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an MOS tube VT8, wherein the drain electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with the output end of the post-filtering circuit, the source electrode of the MOS tube VT8 is connected with a resistor R2 and the base electrode of a triode VT7, the grid electrode of the VT8 is connected with the collector electrode of the VT7 and a diode D7, the emitter electrode of the VT7 is connected with the other end of the R2, a resistor RW and a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the RW, the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the D7, and the two ends of the capacitor C4 are also connected with the input end of an inverter circuit;
the control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and reverse power transmission device comprises the following steps:
step 1), monitoring the operation conditions of three-phase electric quantity, voltage and terminal voltage of distribution transformer outlets A, B and C in real time;
step 2), if the three-phase unbalanced reverse power transmission condition appears at the distribution transformer outlet, starting the control device to start regulation;
step 3), the control system firstly judges the phase sequence and voltage of the installation points of the reverse transmission phase distributed photovoltaic power generation unit device:
U detection >U Upper limit of Switching the other nearby phases to the phase by a conventional phase modulation device;
U lower limit of <U Detection <U Upper limit of The photovoltaic phase modulation device unit is switched to other phases;
U detection of <U Lower limit of No adjustment is made;
step 4), after the terminal commutation equipment is adjusted, monitoring the reverse power transmission condition of the port again, and starting the electric quantity adjusting device if the reverse power transmission exists, so that the electric quantity is balanced at the distribution and transformation port in place;
step 5), after the electric quantity adjusting device is started, the reverse power transmission condition of the distribution transformer port is monitored again; if the reverse power transmission exists, starting the energy storage device to store the reverse power transmission into the energy storage device;
and 6) if the system does not have reverse power transmission, starting the energy storage device to supply the electric quantity stored by the battery to the power grid according to the set target according to the set grid-connected power generation fixed value of the energy storage device.
2. The control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and feedback power transmission device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the front filter circuit comprises a three-phase circuit A, a three-phase circuit B and a three-phase circuit C, wherein one ends of fuses FUa, FUb and FUc are respectively connected with the three phases A, B and C, the other ends of the fuses FUa, FUb and FUc are connected with an inductance assembly L1, the other end of the inductance assembly L1 is connected with a normally open contact KM1 of a contactor and a capacitance group C1, the other end of the normally open contact KM1 of the contactor is connected with an inductance assembly L2, the other end of the inductance assembly L2 is connected with an inverter circuit, the other end of the capacitance group C1 is connected with an inductance assembly L3, and the other end of the inductance assembly L3 is connected with an N pole.
3. The control method of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and feedback power transmission device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the inverter circuit is a midpoint clamp type inverter circuit.
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