CN112968605A - Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topology and control method thereof - Google Patents

Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topology and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112968605A
CN112968605A CN202110194019.4A CN202110194019A CN112968605A CN 112968605 A CN112968605 A CN 112968605A CN 202110194019 A CN202110194019 A CN 202110194019A CN 112968605 A CN112968605 A CN 112968605A
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China
Prior art keywords
buck
group
power supply
circuits
hydrogen production
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CN202110194019.4A
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CN112968605B (en
Inventor
谭建鑫
井延伟
白日欣
张雷
李海东
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Beijing Lei Jing Zhi Chuang Technology Co ltd
Hebei Jiantou New Energy Co ltd
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Beijing Lei Jing Zhi Chuang Technology Co ltd
Hebei Jiantou New Energy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/02Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-interleaved BUCK series topology and a control method thereof, and the hydrogen production power supply disclosed by the invention comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct-current circuit breaker, a direct-current bus capacitor, a fuse, 2 groups of interleaved BUCK circuits, 2 groups of filter circuits, 3 current sampling units and 2 voltage sampling units. The invention discloses a method for filtering hydrogen production in a hydrogen production electrolytic cell, which is characterized in that 2 groups of staggered BUCK circuits are connected in series, the middle point of the BUCK circuit is connected with the middle point of a bus capacitor and the middle point of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell and is grounded, and the capacitor output is filtered by adopting an LC filter circuit. The input voltage level of a power supply can be improved by adopting a topology of double BUCKs connected in series, and each group of BUCK circuits adopts a staggered parallel connection structure to realize power transmission with higher power level. The control method of the hydrogen production power supply mainly realizes the control of output current by adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube of the BUCK circuit and controls the voltage of a bus capacitor. The hydrogen production power supply provided by the invention is suitable for a large-scale photovoltaic or wind power water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

Description

Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topology and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power supply device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in the field of hydrogen energy and a control method thereof, in particular to a water electrolysis power supply in the field of hydrogen production by renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like.
Background
The renewable energy power generation industry develops rapidly, the proportion of the generated energy in the whole country is improved year by year, the problem of renewable energy consumption is obvious, and hydrogen production by water electrolysis is one of the ways of consuming renewable energy. Most of traditional hydrogen production power supplies are rectifiers formed by transformers and thyristors, and the power supply device can generate a large amount of harmonic waves to pollute a power grid and cannot be connected into a direct current grid system.
In order to realize large-scale direct hydrogen production by renewable energy sources, such as direct photovoltaic output DC/DC conversion hydrogen production, the invention provides a hydrogen production power supply device based on a double-BUCK topological structure, 2 groups of BUCK circuit units are connected in series, the rated voltage level of a power supply can be effectively improved, the input voltage of a conventional 1200V voltage-resistant IGBT power device can reach 1500V, the power supply device is suitable for direct access of a 1500V photovoltaic power generation system, meanwhile, each group of BUCK circuits is formed by connecting a plurality of BUCKs in a staggered and parallel mode, the power level of the power supply is improved, and the output ripple waves of the power supply are effectively reduced by connecting the BUCKs in the.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a power supply device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which has high pressure-resistant level and high power.
The invention discloses a hydrogen production power supply based on a double BUCK topology, which comprises: the circuit comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct current breaker, a direct current bus capacitor, a fuse, a first group of staggered BUCK circuits, a second group of staggered BUCK currents, a wave circuit, 2 voltage sampling units and 3 current sampling units.
The double-BUCK hydrogen production power supply is provided with 2 groups of BUCK circuits which are connected in series, so that the voltage level of the power supply can be improved; each group of BUCK circuits are connected in parallel in a staggered mode through multiple phases, so that the power level of the power supply is improved, and output ripples are reduced. Preferably, the BUCK circuit selects an IGBT as the switching power device.
The double-BUCK topology hydrogen production power supply is provided with a pre-charging circuit and a bus capacitor, wherein the bus capacitor is formed by connecting 2 groups of capacitors in series, and the midpoint of the bus capacitor is connected with the node of the 2 groups of BUCK circuits in series. When the power is on, the bus capacitor is charged by the pre-charging loop, and the main circuit contactor is closed after the charging is finished.
The filter circuit is composed of LC filter circuits, each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of LC filter circuits, and the 2 groups of LC filter circuits are connected in series and are used for smoothing output voltage and current ripples.
The voltage sampling unit and the current sampling unit are Hall sensors, high-voltage or current signals are transmitted to low-voltage signals, and the low-voltage signals are sent to a digital signal processor chip of voltage after signal conditioning.
Preferably, the double-BUCK topology hydrogen production power supply selects a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) as a control chip, controls the on-off of an IGBT in the BUCK circuit, and is used as a fault protection unit of the power supply to protect the output overvoltage, the output overcurrent, the output undercurrent and the input undervoltage fault of the power supply.
The hydrogen production power supply control method comprises output current control and bus midpoint voltage balance control, the control targets of the control method are the current of one group of BUCK circuits and the bus midpoint voltage, and the current target value of the other group of BUCK circuits is determined by the difference between the bus midpoint voltage and 1/2 bus voltage. The control target is assumed to be the current of the first group of BUCK circuits, output reference voltage of the first group of BUCK circuits is obtained through a PI controller, duty ratio of the first group of BUCK circuits is obtained through calculation according to the output reference voltage, all switch tube trigger pulses of the first group of BUCK circuits are obtained through phase-shifting control, current closed-loop control of the first group of BUCK circuits is achieved, the difference between the midpoint voltage of a bus capacitor and the voltage of a 1/2 bus is obtained through the PI controller to obtain the target value of the current of the second group of BUCK circuits, the difference between the target value and the actual value of the second group of BUCK circuits is obtained through the PI controller to obtain the output reference voltage of the second group of BUCK circuits, the duty ratio is calculated according to the reference voltage, all switch tube trigger pulses of the second group of BUCK circuits are obtained through phase-shifting control.
The hydrogen production power supply device and the control method provided by the invention realize the characteristics of high efficiency and low current ripple of the high-power hydrogen production power supply through the structure and the control method thereof.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-staggered BUCK topology
FIG. 2 hydrogen production power supply control logic diagram based on double BUCK topology
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first set of interleaved BUCK circuit control strategies
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a second set of interleaved BUCK circuits and bus midpoint voltage control scheme
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. The invention provides a high-power hydrogen production power supply device, which is based on 2 groups of staggered BUCK series topology and comprises pre-charging circuits 1 and 11, a direct-current circuit breaker 2, fuses 3 and 13, a first group of direct-current bus capacitors 4, a second group of direct-current bus capacitors 14, a first group of staggered BUCK circuits 5, a second group of staggered BUCK circuits 15, a first group of filter circuits 6, a second group of filter circuits 16, a first voltage sampling unit 8, a second voltage sampling unit 18, a first current sampling unit 7, a second current sampling unit 17 and a third current sampling unit 27.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-staggered BUCK topology, wherein pre-charging circuits 1 and 11 of the hydrogen production power supply are composed of a direct current contactor and a pre-charging resistor, and a positive bus and a negative bus are respectively provided with a pre-charging circuit; a DC chopper 2 is provided on the input side and connected in parallel with the precharge circuit. Before the hydrogen production power supply is started, the bus capacitor is charged by the pre-charging circuit, and after the charging is finished, the direct current breaker 2 is closed and the pre-charging loop is disconnected. The positive and negative direct current buses are respectively provided with a fuse 3 and a fuse 13, one end of each fuse is connected with the direct current circuit breaker 2, and the other end of each fuse is connected with the bus capacitor.
The hydrogen production power supply is provided with two groups of staggered BUCK circuits, each group of BUCK circuits is composed of N (N is more than or equal to 2) BUCK circuits, the positive electrode of the first group of BUCK circuits 5 is connected with the positive electrode of the bus, the negative electrode of the first group of BUCK circuits is connected with the midpoint of the system, the positive electrode of the second group of BUCK circuits 15 is connected with the midpoint of the system, and the negative electrode of the second group of BUCK circuits is connected with the negative. Each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of bus capacitors, the first group of bus capacitors 4 is connected with the first group of BUCK circuits in parallel, and the second group of bus capacitors 14 is connected with the second group of BUCK circuits in parallel.
And the output of each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of LC filter circuits, the input ends of the inductors of the first group of filter circuits 6 are respectively connected with the output ends of the first group of BUCK circuits 5, namely the output end of each BUCK circuit is connected with an inductor. And the negative electrode of the capacitor of the first group of filter circuits 6 is connected with the negative electrode of the first group of BUCK circuits. The second set of filter circuits 16 is connected to the second set of BUCK circuits in a similar manner. The main function of the LC filter circuit is to reduce the voltage and current ripples.
The first group of bus capacitors is connected with the first voltage sampling unit 8 in parallel, and the second group of bus capacitors is connected with the second voltage sampling unit 18 in parallel; the positive output, the negative output and the neutral line of the hydrogen production power supply are respectively provided with a current sampling unit for collecting the current of the positive bus and the current of the negative bus and the current of the neutral line, the first current sampling unit 7 is connected in series with the positive output end, the second current sampling unit 17 is connected in series with the output neutral line, and the third current sampling unit 27 is connected in series with the negative output bus.
Fig. 2 shows a control logic diagram of the hydrogen production power supply, which includes a sampling module S101 for detecting input/output voltage, input/output current, and temperature, a pre-charging determining module S103 for pre-charging, and a pre-charging module S102 for charging the bus capacitor if pre-charging is not completed, and controlling the dc breaker to open, the pre-charging contactor to close, the dc breaker to close after pre-charging, and the pre-charging contactor to open; and if the charging of the bus capacitor is finished, executing a first group of BUCK circuit current closed-loop control module S104, a second group of bus capacitor voltage control, a second group of BUCK circuit current target value calculation module S105, then executing a second group of BUCK circuit current closed-loop control module S106, and finally executing a BUCK circuit staggered phase shifting and pulse output module.
Fig. 3 shows a control strategy diagram of a first set of staggered BUCK circuits, where a current target value of the first set of BUCK circuits is a set current of an external input instruction, i.e., a hydrogen-producing electrolytic cell, a difference between the target current and an actual current is input to a PI regulator module 1101 to obtain a reference voltage value of the BUCK circuit, the reference voltage value enters a duty ratio calculation module 1102 to obtain a duty ratio according to the reference voltage calculation, and then the duty ratio enters a phase shift control module 1103 to perform phase shift angle calculation to obtain on and off times of switching tubes of each BUCK circuit, so as to control an output current of the first set of BUCK circuits.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a second group of BUCK circuits and a bus midpoint voltage control method, wherein the second group of capacitor voltage control target values are 1/2 bus voltages, namely the control targets are that the voltages of the first group of bus capacitors and the second group of bus capacitors are equal. The difference between the voltage of the second group of bus capacitors and the voltage of the 1/2 bus enters a midpoint voltage controller 2105 to obtain a target current value of the second group of BUCK circuits, the difference between the target current and the actual current is input into a PI regulator module 2101 to obtain a reference voltage value of the second group of BUCK circuits, the reference voltage value enters a duty ratio calculation module 2102 to obtain a duty ratio according to the reference voltage calculation, and then the duty ratio enters a phase-shifting control module 2103 to perform phase-shifting angle calculation to obtain the on-off time of a switching tube of each path of BUCK circuits, so that the output current of the second group of BUCK circuits is controlled.
In the control method, each group of BUCK circuits needs to adopt a pulse interleaving control strategy, and if each group of BUCK circuits consists of N paths of BUCKs, the pulse of the second path of BUCK circuit is delayed by 1/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path, the pulse of the third path of BUCK circuit is delayed by 2/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path, and so on, the pulse of the Nth path of BUCK circuit is delayed by N-1/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path.

Claims (8)

1. A hydrogen generation power supply based on a dual BUCK topology, the power supply comprising: the circuit comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct current breaker, a direct current bus capacitor, a fuse, a first group of staggered BUCK circuits, a second group of staggered BUCk circuits, a first group of filter circuits, a second group of filter circuits, 3 current sampling units and 2 voltage sampling units; the hydrogen production power supply control method comprises output current control of each group of BUCK circuits and neutral point voltage balance control of a bus, and only the output current of one group of BUCK circuits is controlled.
2. The dual BUCK hydrogen generation power supply of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generation power supply has 2 sets of BUCK circuits connected in series, each set of BUCK circuits being formed by multiphase interleaving and parallel connection, increasing the power level of the power supply and reducing output ripple.
3. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply of claim 1, wherein the dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply comprises a pre-charge circuit and a bus capacitor, the bus capacitor is formed by connecting 2 sets of capacitors in series, and each set of BUCK circuit is connected in parallel with one set of bus capacitor.
4. The dual BUCK hydrogen generation power supply according to claim 1, wherein the filter circuits are formed by LC (inductance capacitance) filter circuits, each set of BUCK circuits is provided with a set of LC filter circuits, and the negative electrode of the output end of the first set of LC filter circuits is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the second set of LC filter circuits.
5. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply of claim 1, wherein the BUCK circuit midpoint is connected to the bus capacitor midpoint and to the hydrogen production electrolyzer midpoint and to ground.
6. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production power supply has a current sampling unit at each of the output positive and negative electrodes and the neutral line for measuring current; the first group of bus capacitors and the second group of bus capacitors are respectively connected with a voltage sampling unit in parallel, and the voltage sampling units are used for measuring the voltage of the bus capacitors and controlling the midpoint voltage of the buses.
7. The control method for hydrogen production power supply according to claim 1, wherein all upper switches in the first set of interleaved BUCK circuits are IGBTs, the lower switch tubes are diodes, and the upper switches perform pulse width adjustment and the lower switches perform follow current; and the second group of staggered BUCK currents, all upper tubes are diodes, the lower tubes are IGBTs, and the upper tubes carry out follow current lower tubes to carry out pulse width adjustment.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the control targets are the current and bus midpoint voltage of one of the BUCK circuits, and the current target of the other BUCK circuit is determined by the difference between its bus capacitance voltage and 1/2 bus voltage. Supposing that the control target is the current of the first group of BUCK circuits, obtaining output reference voltage through a PI controller, calculating the duty ratio of the first group of BUCK circuits according to the output reference voltage, and controlling the switch tubes of the first group of BUCK circuits according to the duty ratio to realize the current closed-loop control of the first group of BUCK circuits; the difference between the voltage of the second group of bus capacitors and the voltage of the 1/2 bus is processed by a midpoint voltage controller to obtain a target value of the current of the second group of BUCK circuits, the difference between the target value and the actual value of the second group of BUCK circuits is processed by a PI controller to obtain the output reference voltage of the second group of BUCK circuits, and the duty ratio is calculated according to the reference voltage to control the on-off of the switching tubes of the second group of BUCK circuits, so that the midpoint voltage of the hydrogen production power bus capacitors is controlled.
CN202110194019.4A 2021-02-20 2021-02-20 Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topologies and control method thereof Active CN112968605B (en)

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CN116288452A (en) * 2023-05-11 2023-06-23 浙江大学 Multi-mode self-optimizing electrolytic hydrogen production circuit and control method
CN116288452B (en) * 2023-05-11 2023-08-01 浙江大学 Multi-mode self-optimizing electrolytic hydrogen production circuit and control method

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