CN112968605B - Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topologies and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hydrogen production power supply with double staggered BUCK topologies and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112968605B CN112968605B CN202110194019.4A CN202110194019A CN112968605B CN 112968605 B CN112968605 B CN 112968605B CN 202110194019 A CN202110194019 A CN 202110194019A CN 112968605 B CN112968605 B CN 112968605B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-interleaved BUCK series topology and a control method thereof, and the hydrogen production power supply disclosed by the invention comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct-current circuit breaker, a direct-current bus capacitor, a fuse, 2 groups of interleaved BUCK circuits, 2 groups of filter circuits, 3 current sampling units and 2 voltage sampling units. The invention discloses a method for filtering hydrogen production in a hydrogen production electrolytic cell, which is characterized in that 2 groups of staggered BUCK circuits are connected in series, the middle point of the BUCK circuit is connected with the middle point of a bus capacitor and the middle point of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell and is grounded, and the capacitor output is filtered by adopting an LC filter circuit. The input voltage level of a power supply can be improved by adopting a topology of double BUCKs connected in series, and each group of BUCK circuits adopts a staggered parallel connection structure to realize power transmission with higher power level. The control method of the hydrogen production power supply mainly realizes the control of output current by adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube of the BUCK circuit and controls the voltage of a bus capacitor. The hydrogen production power supply provided by the invention is suitable for a large-scale photovoltaic or wind power water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power supply device for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in the field of hydrogen energy and a control method thereof, in particular to a water electrolysis power supply in the field of hydrogen production by renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like.
Background
The renewable energy power generation industry develops rapidly, the proportion of the generated energy in the whole country is improved year by year, the problem of renewable energy consumption is obvious, and hydrogen production by water electrolysis is one of the ways of consuming renewable energy. Most of traditional hydrogen production power supplies are rectifiers formed by transformers and thyristors, and the power supply device can generate a large amount of harmonic waves to pollute a power grid and cannot be connected into a direct current grid system.
In order to realize large-scale direct hydrogen production by renewable energy sources, such as direct photovoltaic output DC/DC conversion hydrogen production, the invention provides a hydrogen production power supply device based on a double-BUCK topological structure, 2 groups of BUCK circuit units are connected in series, the rated voltage level of a power supply can be effectively improved, the input voltage of a conventional 1200V voltage-resistant IGBT power device can reach 1500V, the power supply device is suitable for direct access of a 1500V photovoltaic power generation system, meanwhile, each group of BUCK circuits is formed by connecting a plurality of BUCKs in a staggered and parallel mode, the power level of the power supply is improved, and the output ripple waves of the power supply are effectively reduced by connecting the BUCKs in the staggered and parallel mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a power supply device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which has high voltage-resistant level and high power.
The invention discloses a hydrogen production power supply based on a double BUCK topology, which comprises: the circuit comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct current breaker, a direct current bus capacitor, a fuse, a first interleaved BUCK circuit, a second interleaved BUCK circuit, an LC wave circuit, 2 voltage sampling units and 3 current sampling units.
The double-BUCK hydrogen production power supply is provided with 2 groups of BUCK circuits which are connected in series, so that the voltage level of the power supply can be improved; each group of BUCK circuits are connected in parallel in a staggered mode through multiple phases, so that the power level of the power supply is improved, and output ripples are reduced. Preferably, the BUCK circuit selects an IGBT as the switching power device.
The double-BUCK topology hydrogen production power supply is provided with a pre-charging circuit and a bus capacitor, wherein the bus capacitor is formed by connecting 2 groups of capacitors in series, and the midpoint of the bus capacitor is connected with the node of the 2 groups of BUCK circuits in series. When the power is on, the bus capacitor is charged by the pre-charging loop, and the main circuit contactor is closed after the charging is finished.
The filter circuit is composed of LC filter circuits, each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of LC filter circuits, and the 2 groups of LC filter circuits are connected in series and are used for smoothing output voltage and current ripples.
The voltage sampling unit and the current sampling unit are Hall sensors, high-voltage or current signals are transmitted to low-voltage signals, and the low-voltage signals are sent to a digital signal processor chip of voltage after signal conditioning.
Preferably, the double-BUCK topology hydrogen production power supply selects a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) as a control chip, controls the on-off of an IGBT in the BUCK circuit, and is used as a fault protection unit of the power supply to protect the output overvoltage, the output overcurrent, the output undercurrent and the input undervoltage fault of the power supply.
The hydrogen production power supply control method comprises output current control and bus midpoint voltage balance control, the control targets of the control method are the current of one group of BUCK circuits and the bus midpoint voltage, and the current target value of the other group of BUCK circuits is determined by the difference between the bus midpoint voltage and 1/2 bus voltage. Assuming that the control target is the current of the first interleaved BUCK circuit, obtaining output reference voltage of the first interleaved BUCK circuit through a PI controller, calculating the duty ratio of the first interleaved BUCK circuit according to the output reference voltage, obtaining all switching tube trigger pulses of the first interleaved BUCK circuit through phase-shifting control, realizing current closed-loop control of the first interleaved BUCK circuit, obtaining a target value of the current of the second interleaved BUCK circuit through the PI controller according to the difference between the midpoint voltage of a bus capacitor and the voltage of a 1/2 bus, obtaining the output reference voltage of the second interleaved BUCK circuit through the PI controller according to the difference between the target value and the actual value of the second interleaved BUCK circuit, calculating the duty ratio according to the reference voltage, obtaining all switching tube trigger pulses of the second interleaved BUCK circuit through the phase-shifting control, and realizing the current control and the bus voltage midpoint balance control of the second interleaved BUCK circuit.
The hydrogen production power supply device and the control method provided by the invention realize the characteristics of high efficiency and low current ripple of the high-power hydrogen production power supply through the structure and the control method thereof.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-staggered BUCK topology
FIG. 2 hydrogen production power supply control logic diagram based on double BUCK topology
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a first interleaved BUCK circuit control strategy
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a second interleaved BUCK circuit and a control strategy for bus midpoint voltage
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. The invention provides a high-power hydrogen production power supply device, which is based on 2 groups of staggered BUCK series topology and comprises pre-charging circuits 1 and 11, a direct-current circuit breaker 2, fuses 3 and 13, a first direct-current bus capacitor 4, a second direct-current bus capacitor 14, a first staggered BUCK circuit 5, a second staggered BUCK circuit 15, a first filter circuit 6, a second filter circuit 16, a first voltage sampling unit 8, a second voltage sampling unit 18, a first current sampling unit 7, a second current sampling unit 17 and a third current sampling unit 27.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a hydrogen production power supply based on a double-staggered BUCK topology, wherein pre-charging circuits 1 and 11 of the hydrogen production power supply are composed of a direct current contactor and a pre-charging resistor, and a positive bus and a negative bus are respectively provided with a pre-charging circuit; a DC chopper 2 is provided on the input side and connected in parallel with the precharge circuit. Before the hydrogen production power supply is started, the bus capacitor is charged by the pre-charging circuit, and after the charging is finished, the direct current breaker 2 is closed and the pre-charging loop is disconnected. The positive and negative direct current buses are respectively provided with a fuse 3 and a fuse 13, one end of each fuse is connected with the direct current circuit breaker 2, and the other end of each fuse is connected with the bus capacitor.
The hydrogen production power supply is provided with two groups of staggered BUCK circuits, each group of staggered BUCK circuits is composed of N (N is more than or equal to 2) BUCK circuits, the positive electrode of the first staggered BUCK circuit 5 is connected with the positive electrode of the bus, the negative electrode of the first staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the midpoint of the system, the positive electrode of the second staggered BUCK circuit 15 is connected with the midpoint of the system, and the negative electrode of the second staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the bus. Each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of bus capacitors, the first bus capacitor 4 is connected with the first staggered BUCK circuit in parallel, and the second bus capacitor 14 is connected with the second staggered BUCK circuit in parallel.
And the output of each group of BUCK circuits is provided with a group of LC filter circuits, and the input ends of the inductors of the first filter circuits 6 are respectively connected with the output ends of the first staggered BUCK circuits 5, namely the output end of each staggered BUCK circuit is connected with an inductor. The negative electrode of the capacitor of the first filter circuit 6 is connected with the negative electrode of the first staggered BUCK circuit. The second filter circuit 16 is connected to the second interleaved BUCK circuit in a similar manner. The main function of the LC filter circuit is to reduce the voltage and current ripples.
The first bus capacitor is connected with the first voltage sampling unit 8 in parallel, and the second bus capacitor is connected with the second voltage sampling unit 18 in parallel; the positive output, the negative output and the neutral line of the hydrogen production power supply are respectively provided with a current sampling unit for collecting the current of the positive bus and the current of the negative bus and the current of the neutral line, the first current sampling unit 7 is connected in series with the positive output end, the second current sampling unit 17 is connected in series with the output neutral line, and the third current sampling unit 27 is connected in series with the negative output bus.
Fig. 2 shows a control logic diagram of the hydrogen production power supply, which includes a sampling module S101 for detecting input/output voltage, input/output current, and temperature, a pre-charging determining module S103 for pre-charging, and a pre-charging module S102 for charging the bus capacitor if pre-charging is not completed, and controlling the dc breaker to open, the pre-charging contactor to close, the dc breaker to close after pre-charging, and the pre-charging contactor to open; if the charging of the bus capacitor is finished, executing a first interleaved BUCK circuit current closed-loop control module S104, a second bus capacitor voltage control and a second interleaved BUCK circuit current target value calculation module S105, then executing a second interleaved BUCK circuit current closed-loop control module S106, and finally executing a BUCK circuit interleaved phase shifting and pulse output module S107.
Fig. 3 shows a control strategy diagram of the first interleaved BUCK circuit, where a current target value of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is a set current of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell, which is an external input instruction, and a difference between the target current and an actual current is input to the PI regulator module 1101 to obtain a reference voltage value of the BUCK circuit, the reference voltage value enters the duty ratio calculation module 1102 to obtain a duty ratio according to the reference voltage, and then the duty ratio is calculated in the phase-shifting interleaved pulse module 1103 to perform phase-shifting angle calculation to obtain on and off times of the switching tubes of each BUCK circuit, thereby controlling an output current of the first interleaved BUCK circuit. The first interleaved Buck circuit model 1104 is an equivalent mathematical model transfer function matched to the first interleaved Buck circuit, with the input being the duty cycle and the output being the current of the Buck circuit.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a second interleaved BUCK circuit and a method for controlling the bus midpoint voltage, wherein the second capacitor voltage control target value is 1/2 bus voltage, i.e. the control target is that the first bus capacitor and the second bus capacitor are equal in voltage. The difference between the voltage of the second bus capacitor and the voltage of the 1/2 bus enters a midpoint voltage controller 1205 to obtain a target current value of the second interleaved BUCK circuit, the difference between the target current and the actual current is input to a PI regulator module 1201 to obtain a reference voltage value of the second interleaved BUCK circuit, the reference voltage value enters a duty ratio calculation module 1202 to obtain a duty ratio according to the reference voltage calculation, and then the duty ratio enters a phase-shifting interleaved pulse module 1203 to perform phase-shifting angle calculation to obtain the on-off time of the switching tube of each BUCK circuit, so as to control the output current of the second interleaved BUCK circuit. The second interleaved Buck circuit model 1204 is an equivalent mathematical model transfer function matched to the second interleaved Buck circuit, with the input being the duty cycle and the output being the current of the Buck circuit.
In the control method, each group of BUCK circuits needs to adopt a pulse interleaving control strategy, and if each group of BUCK circuits consists of N paths of BUCKs, the pulse of the second path of BUCK circuit is delayed by 1/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path, the pulse of the third path of BUCK circuit is delayed by 2/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path, and so on, the pulse of the Nth path of BUCK circuit is delayed by N-1/N switching cycles compared with the pulse of the first path.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrogen production power supply unit based on a dual BUCK topology, the power supply unit comprising: the device comprises a pre-charging circuit, a direct-current circuit breaker, a first direct-current bus capacitor, a second direct-current bus capacitor, a first interleaved BUCK circuit, a second interleaved BUCK circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit, a first voltage sampling unit, a second voltage sampling unit, a first current sampling unit, a second current sampling unit and a third current sampling unit;
the positive electrode of the first staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the bus, the negative electrode of the first staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the midpoint of the system, the positive electrode of the second staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the midpoint of the system, and the negative electrode of the second staggered BUCK circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the bus; the first direct current bus capacitor is connected with the first interleaved BUCK circuit in parallel, and the second direct current bus capacitor is connected with the second interleaved BUCK circuit in parallel; the first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage of a first direct current bus capacitor, and the second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage of a second direct current bus capacitor;
the output of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is connected with a first LC filter circuit, the output of the second interleaved BUCK circuit is connected with a second LC filter circuit, a first current sampling unit is connected in series with a positive output bus, a second current sampling unit is connected in series with an output neutral line output end, and a third current sampling unit is connected in series with a negative output bus;
The control method of the hydrogen production power supply device comprises the following steps: the control target of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is the output current of the first interleaved BUCK circuit, the output reference voltage is obtained through the PI controller, the duty ratio of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is obtained through calculation according to the output reference voltage, the switch tube of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is controlled according to the duty ratio, and the current closed-loop control of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is achieved; the second interleaved BUCK control target is bus midpoint voltage balance, namely, the bus capacitor voltage of the first interleaved BUCK circuit is equal to the bus capacitor voltage of the second interleaved BUCK circuit, the difference between the full bus capacitor voltage and the 1/2 bus voltage of the second interleaved BUCK circuit obtains the target value of the current of the second interleaved BUCK circuit through a midpoint voltage controller, the difference between the target value and the actual value of the current of the second interleaved BUCK circuit obtains the output reference voltage of the second interleaved BUCK circuit through a PI controller, and the duty ratio is calculated according to the reference voltage to control the on and off of a switch tube of the second interleaved BUCK circuit, so that the hydrogen production power supply bus capacitor midpoint voltage is controlled.
2. The dual BUCK hydrogen generation power supply of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generation power supply has 2 sets of BUCK circuits connected in series, each set of BUCK circuits being formed by multiphase interleaving and parallel connection, increasing the power level of the power supply and reducing output ripple.
3. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply of claim 1, wherein the dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply comprises a pre-charge circuit and a bus capacitor, the bus capacitor is formed by connecting 2 sets of capacitors in series, and each set of BUCK circuit is connected in parallel with one set of bus capacitor.
4. The dual BUCK hydrogen generation power supply according to claim 1, wherein the filter circuits are formed by LC (inductance capacitance) filter circuits, each set of BUCK circuits is provided with a set of LC filter circuits, and a negative electrode of an output end of the first LC filter circuit is connected to a positive electrode of an output end of the second LC filter circuit.
5. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply of claim 1, wherein the BUCK circuit midpoint is connected to the bus capacitor midpoint and to the hydrogen production electrolyzer midpoint and to ground.
6. The dual BUCK hydrogen production power supply according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production power supply has a current sampling unit at each of the output positive and negative electrodes and the neutral line for measuring current; the first bus capacitor and the second bus capacitor are respectively connected with a voltage sampling unit in parallel, and the voltage sampling units are used for measuring the voltage of the bus capacitors and controlling the midpoint voltage of the buses.
7. The hydrogen production power supply control method according to claim 1, wherein all upper switches in the first interleaved BUCK circuit are IGBTs, the lower switch tube is a diode, and the upper switches perform pulse width adjustment and the lower switches perform follow current; and the second staggered BUCK current, all the upper tubes are diodes, the lower tubes are IGBTs, and the upper tubes carry out follow current lower tubes to carry out pulse width adjustment.
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| CN113373459B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-12 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Pulse width modulation rectifier, hydrogen production device and hydrogen production method |
| CN116288452B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江大学 | Multi-mode self-optimizing electrolytic hydrogen production circuit and control method |
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| US7403400B2 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2008-07-22 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Series interleaved boost converter power factor correcting power supply |
| CN202940728U (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-05-15 | 长沙广义变流技术有限公司 | Three-level buck circuit working in a staggered mode |
| CN110120752B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2021-04-27 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Power converter and control method thereof |
| CN109484232A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-19 | 蔚来汽车有限公司 | Charging power modules, charge power supply and charging unit comprising it |
| CN109347331A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 深圳市英可瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tri-level switch power-supply system and its bus voltage eqaulation control method |
| CN111064359A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wide-range bidirectional conversion circuit and control method |
| CN111697628A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-22 | 北京雷动智创科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic electrolyzed water hydrogen production system and control method |
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