CN104734161A - Variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation method and device - Google Patents
Variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104734161A CN104734161A CN201510145356.9A CN201510145356A CN104734161A CN 104734161 A CN104734161 A CN 104734161A CN 201510145356 A CN201510145356 A CN 201510145356A CN 104734161 A CN104734161 A CN 104734161A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation technology, in particular to a variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation method and device. The variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation method includes the steps of setting a series-parallel connection assembly for a variable electric reactor and a capacitor and connecting the series-parallel connection assembly into a load side inlet; detecting the voltage offset and operation conditions of the outlet end and the power factor of the inlet end of the assembly in real time; dynamically controlling the parameters of the variable electric reactor and the capacitor in series-parallel connection according to the voltage offset and operation conditions of the load side and the power factor on a power grid side, and enabling the voltage on the load side to reach the standard and the power factor on the power grid side to be improved. The variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation device comprises a series-parallel connection unit for the variable electric reactor and the capacitor, a load voltage offset and power grid reactive vacancy detection unit, a dynamic voltage-adjustment and reactive power compensation control unit, a dynamic voltage-adjustment and reactive power compensation execution unit and an element and device protecting unit. The variable series-connection reactance dynamic voltage-adjustment reactive compensation method and device can be used for controlling low voltage, improving electricity quality, reducing losses, saving energy and improving power supply reliability and electricity utilization rate, and have the advantages of being safe, being environmentally friendly, saving energy and increasing the effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation technology, particularly relate to a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method and device thereof.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of town and country construction paces and the increasing of national energy-saving policy dynamics, living standard of urban and rural population level is significantly improved, power load increases fast, the construction of town and country power distribution network lags behind the growth of electricity needs, cause town and country power distribution network to there is power supply quality to decline, power supply reliability is not high, faults frequent, line loss remains high, local power scarce capacity, part long transmission line end station district voltage is low to moderate power consumption equipment cisco unity malfunction, part transformer station 10kV at night busbar voltage is higher, even severe overweight, the problems such as the safe operation of Crisis Grid and controller switching equipment.The existence of these problems, makes the area that variation is serious, electric equipment cisco unity malfunction, has a strong impact on normal work and the life of urban and rural residents, even causes " voltage collapse ", threatens the stability of electric power system.
In order to administer the harmful effect of low-voltage problem to electrical network and electric equipment, China has formulated corresponding national standard: " zero transition procedue low voltage dynamic reactive power compensation device " GB/T25839-2010.
The low-voltage Treatment process generally adopted both at home and abroad and device have two classes: a class is constant reactance voltage-regulating technique based on reactance voltage-regulation principle and variable reactance voltage-regulating technique, and another kind of is fixed capacity voltage-regulating technique based on reactive power compensation voltage-regulation principle and variable capacitance voltage-regulating technique.But all there is various deficiency in above various technology:
The boosting of series connection constant reactance technology is not obvious, and cannot accomplish dynamic voltage adjustment, and power factor cannot be guaranteed.
Series varactor technology can realize pressure regulation, but cannot meet the demands by guarantee power factor while pressure regulation.
Fixed capacity technology in parallel has stronger reactive power compensation planning, has under certain conditions certain to lift high-tension function, but the narrow range of regulation voltage, cannot voltage be reduced.
At present, in order to the problem of administering for distribution net platform region low-voltage, market can arrive voltage regulation result in the urgent need to one, can power factor command be met again, the invention provides variable in-line reactor dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method and device.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly solves the technical problem existing for prior art; Provide a kind of variable in-line reactor that uses and coordinate with variable parallel Capacitor banks the principle realizing dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation, effective dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation are carried out to low-voltage problem and the serious load side of no-power vacancy problem, up to standard and the grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes is made to meet the requirement of national quality of voltage and power factor standard, and, power supply reliability and efficiency can be improved, there is safety, environmental protection, the variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method of feature of energy-conservation and synergy and device thereof.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method, it is characterized in that: variable reactor and capacitor assembly are set, the voltage deviation of module outlet end, the parameter control unit of the real-time detecting unit of the power factor of operating condition and arrival end and variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly, variable reactor and capacitor assembly is accessed between load arrival end and electrical network, by detecting the voltage deviation of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, the power factor of operating condition and arrival end, change and adjustment variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel compound mode and parameter, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve,
Specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation major loop;
Step 2, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access load arrival end and electrical network between, formative dynamics pressure regulation candidate compensation buses, concrete grammar is: the variable reactor series component that three phases changeable reactance device series component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms;
One end of three phases changeable reactance device series component respectively with a certain phase (A, B, C) of load side (be connected, the corresponding phase (A, B, C) of other end grid side is respectively connected);
The capacitor parallel component that three-phase capacitor parallel component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms, and adopts star-star connection to connect;
The a certain phase (A, B, C) of one end difference load side of three-phase capacitor parallel component is connected, and the neutral point N of the other end and parallel component star-star connection links together; For three-phase four-wire system, neutral point N needs the neutral-point connecting wire accessing electrical network;
The power factor of step 3, the voltage deviation detecting variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information, concrete mode is:
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information:
On the basis of step 2, the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, its main contents comprise: three-phase voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power and power factor;
The precision of the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end and response time meet basic demand and the technical standard of electric energy quality monitoring;
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the quality of power supply of true reflection load side and grid side and operating condition situation, embody the effect of dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation simultaneously
Step 4, the voltage deviation according to detecting, operating condition and power factor, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2 and step 3, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope;
Determine that the principle of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope calculates according to circuit and system parameters and measured data meeting under the qualified and power factor condition up to standard as far as possible of variation, the excursion of variable reactor and capacitor parameters;
Step 5, according to for electricity consumption operating mode, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2, step 3 and step 4, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor and structure, that is: when low voltage, increase the reactance value of reactor, strengthen reactive compensation capacity, suitable overcompensation, thus raise load side voltage; When voltage is higher, suitably the reactance value of adjustment reactor, reduces reactive compensation capacity, thus reduces load side voltage; .
At above-mentioned a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method, step one, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation major loop:
Variable reactor and capacitor assembly are made up of variable reactor series component and capacitor parallel component;
Variable reactor series component is in series by the reactor that multiple parameter is different, coordinates and form regulating circuit with Shunt Capacitor Unit, regulates the voltage of load side;
The reactance value that the parameter of the reactor of n different series reactance branch road should meet counter element is the n-1 power relation of 2, that is: series reactance branch road 1,2,3 ..., n the induction reactance parameter of reactor be respectively: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l; Wherein, n is natural number;
Variable capacitor parallel component to be formed in parallel voltage and power factor regulating circuit by the capacitor that multiple parameter is different, by the capacitor value of reactive power capacity configuration capacitor;
Shunt capacitor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
c, the capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor is the n-1 power of 2, that is: Q
c1, 2Q
c1, 4Q
c1, 8Q
c1..., 2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Series reactor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
lwith shunt capacitor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
ccombination should meet the requirement improved with grid side power factor up to standard of load side voltage indexes.
A kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, is characterized in that, comprise a variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit; Described variable reactor is connected electrical network with the series component end of capacitor connection in series-parallel unit, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel units in series assembly and parallel component common port connected load side; Two groups of inputs of load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit access the load side of series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port respectively; Load voltage skew is connected dynamic voltage adjustment and the input of the control of reactive power compensating unit with the output of grid no-power vacancy detecting unit; Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element with the output of the control of reactive power compensating unit; Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit with the output of reactive power compensation performance element; Device is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit and dynamic voltage adjustment and the input of reactive power compensation performance element with the output of unit protection unit;
Wherein, described variable reactor and capacitor assembly comprise equivalent variable reactor series component and equivalent condenser parallel component; Described equivalent variable reactor assemblies comprises n Reactor Branch series connection; Described equivalent variable reactor series component one end gets access to grid equiva lent impedance Rs, another termination load Z
l;
Described equivalent condenser parallel component comprises N
cindividual capacitor branches is in parallel, this equivalent condenser parallel component one termination load source Z
l, the other end gets access to grid the neutral line of equivalent voltage source.
In above-mentioned a kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, in described equivalent variable reactor assemblies, the reactance parameter of the reactor of the n-th Reactor Branch is the n-1 power of 2, that is: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l, by thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n carries out parallel combination, forms the equivalent variable reactor series component regulating load side voltage, realizes the dynamic adjustments to load side voltage;
In described equivalent condenser parallel component, the capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor branch road is the n-1 power of 2, that is :-jQ
c1,-j2Q
c1,-j4Q
c1,-j8Q
c1... ,-j2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Each shunt capacitor branch road of described equivalent condenser parallel component is by difference series thyristor K switch
21, K
22..., K
2nparallel combination is carried out to shunt capacitor, forms the pressure regulation reactive power compensation variable reactor corresponding with load side rated voltage and grid side power factor and capacitor parallel component;
Described thyristor switch is made up of a pair just antiparallel two triode thyristor.
In above-mentioned a kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit comprise two groups of voltage transformer V
1and V
2, two groups of current transformer I
1and I
2; For gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit grid side and load side.
In above-mentioned a kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, described dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element comprise thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n, and thyristor switch K
21, K
22..., K
2n; The performance element of variable reactor series component is by each reactor correspondence parallel thyristors K switch successively
11, K
12..., K
1n, when the switch is closed, corresponding reactor exits; When the switches are opened, corresponding reactor drops into;
The performance element of variable capacitor parallel component is by each capacitor correspondence series thyristor K switch successively
21, K
22..., K
2n, when the switch is closed, corresponding capacitor drops into; When the switches are opened, corresponding capacitor exits.
In above-mentioned a kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, described device and unit protection unit comprise circuit breaker DL
1and DL
2, fast acting fuse and overvoltage protection device, overcurrent protective device, open phase protector, short-circuit protector, overheat protector, current changing rate monitor, voltage change ratio monitor, realize the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
In above-mentioned a kind of novel dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation topology, dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit comprise high-performance microprocessor, 8 roads synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and dynamic voltage adjustment and idle compensating control; Described high-performance microprocessor is 32 and above CPU, more than 400MHz dominant frequency; 8 roads synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and dynamic voltage adjustment and are connected with high-performance microprocessor with idle compensating control simultaneously.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, voltage regulation result is good: while realizing dynamic voltage adjustment, can guarantee that load side voltage deviation Δ U remains on allowed band ± 3%U
nwithin.2, power factor is high: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device can Dynamic controlling and adjustment variable reactor and the compound mode of capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly and parameter, realizes the up to standard and transformer platform area power factor of load side voltage indexes and improves.3, supplementary load loss are low: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device adopts thyristor electronic power switch, and be in conducting state or be in off state, its power loss is much smaller than the loss of IGBT device speed-sensitive switch state.4, system power is little: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device, by shunt reactor and shunt capacitor combination, makes System Reactive Power electric current greatly reduce.5, pressure regulation cost is low: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device arranges the parameter of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly by the power side of 2, while meeting voltage regulation result, makes pressure regulation cost far below existing voltage-regulating technique and device.6, operation maintenance is convenient: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device adopts non-maintaining automatic operational mode work, without the need to manual operation.7, fail safe is good: series reactance dynamic reactive compensation device adopts thyristor switch control technology, and steady operation under power frequency, loss is little, not fragile, and therefore fail safe is good.In a word.The present invention both can effectively regulate load side voltage, can improve transformer platform area power factor again, purified electrical network, improved the quality of power supply, wastage reducing and energy saving; Improve the operating efficiency of efficiency and electric equipment.The present invention has that structure is simple, stable performance, economical and practical feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is transformer platform area variable element voltage regulating compensating device structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 is transformer platform area variable element voltage regulating compensating device embodiment system wiring schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is transformer platform area variable element voltage regulating compensating device embodiment system construction drawing.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator of the present invention is described in detail:
One, overall
1, variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method, variable reactor and capacitor assembly are set, the voltage deviation of module outlet end, the parameter control unit of the real-time detecting unit of the power factor of operating condition and arrival end and variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly, variable reactor and capacitor assembly is accessed between load arrival end and electrical network, by detecting the voltage deviation of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, the power factor of operating condition and arrival end, change and adjustment variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel compound mode and parameter, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve.
Specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation major loop; Concrete grammar is:
Variable reactor and capacitor assembly are made up of variable reactor series component and capacitor parallel component;
Variable reactor series component is in series by the reactor that multiple parameter is different, coordinates and form regulating circuit with Shunt Capacitor Unit, regulates the voltage of load side;
The reactance value that the parameter of the reactor of n different series reactance branch road should meet counter element is the n-1 power relation of 2, that is: series reactance branch road 1,2,3 ..., n the induction reactance parameter of reactor be respectively: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l; Wherein, n is natural number;
Variable capacitor parallel component to be formed in parallel voltage and power factor regulating circuit by the capacitor that multiple parameter is different, by the capacitor value of reactive power capacity configuration capacitor;
Shunt capacitor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
c, the capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor is the n-1 power of 2, that is: Q
c1, 2Q
c1, 4Q
c1, 8Q
c1..., 2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Series reactor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
lwith shunt capacitor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
ccombination should meet the requirement improved with grid side power factor up to standard of load side voltage indexes.
Step 2, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access load arrival end and electrical network between, formative dynamics pressure regulation candidate compensation buses, concrete grammar is: the variable reactor series component that three phases changeable reactance device series component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms;
One end of three phases changeable reactance device series component respectively with a certain phase (A, B, C) of load side (be connected, the corresponding phase (A, B, C) of other end grid side is respectively connected);
The capacitor parallel component that three-phase capacitor parallel component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms, and adopts star-star connection to connect;
The a certain phase (A, B, C) of one end difference load side of three-phase capacitor parallel component is connected, and the neutral point N of the other end and parallel component star-star connection links together; For three-phase four-wire system, neutral point N needs the neutral-point connecting wire accessing electrical network;
The power factor of step 3, the voltage deviation detecting variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information, concrete mode is:
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information:
On the basis of step 2, the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, its main contents comprise: three-phase voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power and power factor;
The precision of the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end and response time meet basic demand and the technical standard of electric energy quality monitoring;
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the quality of power supply of true reflection load side and grid side and operating condition situation, embody the effect of dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation simultaneously
Step 4, the voltage deviation according to detecting, operating condition and power factor, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2 and step 3, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope;
Determine that the principle of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope calculates according to circuit and system parameters and measured data meeting under the qualified and power factor condition up to standard as far as possible of variation, the excursion of variable reactor and capacitor parameters;
Step 5, according to for electricity consumption operating mode, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2, step 3 and step 4, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor and structure, that is: when low voltage, increase the reactance value of reactor, strengthen reactive compensation capacity, suitable overcompensation, thus raise load side voltage; When voltage is higher, suitably the reactance value of adjustment reactor, reduces reactive compensation capacity, thus reduces load side voltage.
2, variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator.
As shown in Figure 2, variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator comprises variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit 20, dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30, dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40 and device and unit protection unit 50.
Variable reactor is connected electrical network with one end series component end of capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, other end series component and parallel component common port connected load side; Two groups of inputs of load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit 20 access the load side of series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port respectively; Load voltage skew is connected dynamic voltage adjustment with the output of grid no-power vacancy detecting unit 20 and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30 inputs; Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40 with the output of the control of reactive power compensating unit 30; Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10 with the output of reactive power compensation performance element 40; Device is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10 and dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40 and inputs with the output of unit protection unit 50.
Two, major function block.
1. variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10: be made up of variable reactor series unit and capacitor parallel units, for realizing, load side voltage indexes is up to standard to be improved with grid side power factor.
2. load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit 20: be made up of two groups of threephase potential transformers and two groups of threephase current transformers, for gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10 grid side and load side.
3. dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30: synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and voltage by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 roads and power factor detects, analyzes, intelligent control software forms, by controlling dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40 in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, realizes the load side voltage indexes target improved with grid side power factor up to standard.
4. dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40: be made up of mechanical switch or electronic power switch, electrical network and the load of its rated voltage, electric current and power and access match, and meet the requirement run steady in a long-term.Electronic power switch controls corresponding circuits for triggering by dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30 and realizes its turn-on and turn-off.
5. device and unit protection unit 50: exited by di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault and form with the protection such as auto by pass, realize the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
Three, example
As shown in Figure 3, the single-phase elementary diagram of a variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator.In Fig. 3, Vs is electrical network equivalent voltage source voltage, and Rs is electrical network equivalent resistance, Z
lfor load, DL1 and DL2 is circuit breaker, jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1for series reactor reactance parameter, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l,-jQ
c1,-j2Q
c1,-j4Q
c1,-j8Q
c1... ,-j2
n-1q
c1for shunt capacitor capacity, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c.
1, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10.
Be made up of equivalent variable reactor series component and equivalent condenser parallel component.
Equivalent variable reactor assemblies is in series by n Reactor Branch.Equivalent variable reactor series component one end gets access to grid equiva lent impedance Rs, another termination load Z
l.
The reactance parameter of the reactor of the n-th Reactor Branch is the n-1 power of 2, that is: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l, by thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n carries out parallel combination, forms the equivalent variable reactor series component regulating load side voltage, realizes the dynamic adjustments to load side voltage.
Equivalent condenser parallel component is by N
cindividual capacitor branches is formed in parallel.Equivalent condenser parallel component one termination load source Z
l, the other end gets access to grid the neutral line of equivalent voltage source.
The capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor branch road is the n-1 power of 2, that is :-jQ
c1,-j2Q
c1,-j4Q
c1,-j8Q
c1... ,-j2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c.
Equivalent condenser parallel component is by thyristor switch K
21, K
22..., K
2nparallel combination is carried out to shunt capacitor, forms the pressure regulation reactive power compensation variable reactor corresponding with load side rated voltage and grid side power factor and capacitor parallel component, realize the requirement effectively regulating load side voltage and grid side power factor to improve.
2, load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit 20.
By two groups of voltage transformer V
1and V
2, two groups of current transformer I
1and I
2composition, for the voltage and current of detection of grid side and load side.
3, dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30.
Dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit 30 synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and voltage by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 roads and power factor detects, analyze, intelligent control software forms, by controlling dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40 in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, realizes the load side voltage indexes target improved with grid side power factor up to standard.
The adjustable range of the equivalent parameters of variable reactor series component is:
In formula: V2 is load side voltage, V
sfor grid side rated voltage, I is load current, R
sand X
lbe respectively electrical network equivalent resistance and variable in-line reactor assemblies equivalent reactance.
4, dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element 40.
By thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n; K
21, K
22..., K
2ncomposition, the connection in series-parallel combination for equivalent variable reactor series component and equivalent condenser parallel component controls.
Thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1nfor the state modulator of variable reactor series component, when the switch is closed, corresponding reactor exits, and equivalent reactance parameter reduces; When the switches are opened, corresponding reactor drops into, and equivalent reactance parameter increases.
Thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n; K
21, K
22..., K
2nfor the state modulator of variable capacitor parallel component, when the switch is closed, corresponding capacitor drops into, and equivalent capacity parameter increases; When the switches are opened, corresponding capacitor exits, and equivalent capacity parameter reduces.
5, device and unit protection unit 50.
By circuit breaker DL
1and DL
2, fast acting fuse, di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault exit and the protection composition such as auto by pass, realizes the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (8)
1. a variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method, it is characterized in that: variable reactor and capacitor assembly are set, the voltage deviation of module outlet end, the parameter control unit of the real-time detecting unit of the power factor of operating condition and arrival end and variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly, variable reactor and capacitor assembly is accessed between load arrival end and electrical network, by detecting the voltage deviation of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, the power factor of operating condition and arrival end, change and adjustment variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel compound mode and parameter, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve,
Specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation major loop;
Step 2, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access load arrival end and electrical network between, formative dynamics pressure regulation candidate compensation buses, concrete grammar is: the variable reactor series component that three phases changeable reactance device series component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms;
One end of three phases changeable reactance device series component respectively with a certain phase (A, B, C) of load side (be connected, the corresponding phase (A, B, C) of other end grid side is respectively connected);
The capacitor parallel component that three-phase capacitor parallel component is separate by three, counter element parameter is identical forms, and adopts star-star connection to connect;
The a certain phase (A, B, C) of one end difference load side of three-phase capacitor parallel component is connected, and the neutral point N of the other end and parallel component star-star connection links together; For three-phase four-wire system, neutral point N needs the neutral-point connecting wire accessing electrical network;
The power factor of step 3, the voltage deviation detecting variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end in real time, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information, concrete mode is:
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, for load side voltage and grid side power factor regulation provide control information:
On the basis of step 2, the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, its main contents comprise: three-phase voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power and power factor;
The precision of the power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end and response time meet basic demand and the technical standard of electric energy quality monitoring;
The power factor of the voltage deviation of real-time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the quality of power supply of true reflection load side and grid side and operating condition situation, embody the effect of dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensation simultaneously;
Step 4, the voltage deviation according to detecting, operating condition and power factor, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2 and step 3, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, determine dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope;
Determine that the principle of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation scope calculates according to circuit and system parameters and measured data meeting under the qualified and power factor condition up to standard as far as possible of variation, the excursion of variable reactor and capacitor parameters;
Step 5, according to for electricity consumption operating mode, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize the up to standard and grid side power factor of load side voltage indexes to improve, concrete grammar is: on the basis of step 2, step 3 and step 4, according to the power factor of the voltage deviation of module outlet end, operating condition and arrival end, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor and structure, that is: when low voltage, increase the reactance value of reactor, strengthen reactive compensation capacity, suitable overcompensation, thus raise load side voltage; When voltage is higher, suitably the reactance value of adjustment reactor, reduces reactive compensation capacity, thus reduces load side voltage.
2. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive-load compensation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concrete grammar arranging major loop in described step 1 is:
Variable reactor and capacitor assembly are made up of variable reactor series component and capacitor parallel component;
Variable reactor series component is in series by the reactor that multiple parameter is different, coordinates and form regulating circuit with Shunt Capacitor Unit, regulates the voltage of load side;
The reactance value that the parameter of the reactor of n different series reactance branch road should meet counter element is the n-1 power relation of 2, that is: series reactance branch road 1,2,3 ..., n the induction reactance parameter of reactor be respectively: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l; Wherein, n is natural number;
Variable capacitor parallel component to be formed in parallel voltage and power factor regulating circuit by the capacitor that multiple parameter is different, by the capacitor value of reactive power capacity configuration capacitor;
Shunt capacitor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
c, the capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor is the n-1 power of 2, that is: Q
c1, 2Q
c1, 4Q
c1, 8Q
c1..., 2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Series reactor branch road 1,2,3 ..., NL and shunt capacitor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
ccombination should meet the requirement improved with grid side power factor up to standard of load side voltage indexes.
3. a variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator, is characterized in that, comprises a variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10); Described variable reactor is connected electrical network with the series component end of capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10), variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) series component and parallel component common port connected load side; Two groups of inputs of load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit (20) access the load side of series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port respectively; Load voltage skew is connected dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit (30) input with the output of grid no-power vacancy detecting unit (20); Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element (40) with the output of the control of reactive power compensating unit (30); Dynamic voltage adjustment is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) with the output of reactive power compensation performance element (40); Device is connected the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) and dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element (40) input with the output of unit protection unit (50);
Wherein, described variable reactor and capacitor assembly (10) comprise equivalent variable reactor series component and equivalent condenser parallel component; Described equivalent variable reactor assemblies comprises n Reactor Branch series connection; Described equivalent variable reactor series component one end gets access to grid equiva lent impedance Rs, another termination load Z
l;
Described equivalent condenser parallel component comprises N
cindividual capacitor branches is in parallel, this equivalent condenser parallel component one termination load source Z
l, the other end gets access to grid the neutral line of equivalent voltage source.
4. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described equivalent variable reactor assemblies, the reactance parameter of the reactor of the n-th Reactor Branch is the n-1 power of 2, that is: jX
l1, j2X
l1, j4X
l1..., j2
n-1x
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l, by thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n carries out parallel combination, forms the equivalent variable reactor series component regulating load side voltage, realizes the dynamic adjustments to load side voltage;
In described equivalent condenser parallel component, the capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor branch road is the n-1 power of 2, that is :-jQ
c1,-j2Q
c1,-j4Q
c1,-j8Q
c1... ,-j2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Each shunt capacitor branch road of described equivalent condenser parallel component is by difference series thyristor K switch
21, K
22..., K
2nparallel combination is carried out to shunt capacitor, forms the pressure regulation reactive power compensation variable reactor corresponding with load side rated voltage and grid side power factor and capacitor parallel component;
Described thyristor switch is made up of a pair just antiparallel two triode thyristor.
5. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, load voltage skew and grid no-power vacancy detecting unit (20) comprise two groups of voltage transformer V
1and V
2, two groups of current transformer I
1and I
2; For gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) grid side and load side.
6. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described dynamic voltage adjustment and reactive power compensation performance element (40) comprise thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n, and thyristor switch K
21, K
22..., K
2n; The performance element of variable reactor series component is by each reactor correspondence parallel thyristors K switch successively
11, K
12..., K
1n, when the switch is closed, corresponding reactor exits; When the switches are opened, corresponding reactor drops into;
The performance element of variable capacitor parallel component is by each capacitor correspondence series thyristor K switch successively
21, K
22..., K
2n, when the switch is closed, corresponding capacitor drops into; When the switches are opened, corresponding capacitor exits.
7. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described device and unit protection unit (50) comprise circuit breaker DL
1and DL
2, fast acting fuse and overvoltage protection device, overcurrent protective device, open phase protector, short-circuit protector, overheat protector, current changing rate monitor, voltage change ratio monitor, realize the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
8. a kind of variable in-line reactance dynamic voltage adjustment reactive power compensator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, dynamic voltage adjustment and the control of reactive power compensating unit (30) comprise high-performance microprocessor, 8 roads synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and dynamic voltage adjustment and idle compensating control; Described high-performance microprocessor is 32 and above CPU, more than 400MHz dominant frequency; 8 roads synchronously isolate 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and dynamic voltage adjustment and are connected with high-performance microprocessor with idle compensating control simultaneously.
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