CN214612705U

CN214612705U - Nickel smelting device

Info

Publication number: CN214612705U
Application number: CN202120455149.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆金忠; 万爱东; 李晓霞; 齐红斌; 吴玲; 杨贵彦; 刘恺; 刘诚; 黎敏; 李建辉; 李海春
Original assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp
Current assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp
Priority date: 2021-03-02
Filing date: 2021-03-02
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a nickel smelting device. The nickel smelting device is integrated equipment and comprises a smelting zone, a depletion zone and a settling zone which are horizontally and sequentially communicated, wherein the smelting zone comprises a flash smelting reaction tower and a settling pond which is positioned below the flash smelting reaction tower and is directly communicated with the flash smelting reaction tower; the dilution zone is communicated with the sedimentation tank and is provided with a plurality of first spray nozzles, and the dilution zone is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns which are arranged corresponding to the first spray nozzles one to one. The utility model discloses well nickel metallurgy device can compromise the excellent performance in the aspect of the short, the effect of diluting of nickel metallurgy in-process flow simultaneously, the energy consumption is low, and need not to add a large amount of vulcanizing agents etc..

Description

Nickel smelting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a metal smelting field particularly, relates to a nickel smelting device.

Background

The currently generally adopted pyrometallurgical process of nickel sulfide concentrate is as follows: and (3) smelting the nickel concentrate in a smelting furnace after material preparation and batching, blowing the smelted low-nickel matte in a converting furnace, cooling the blown high-nickel matte to be used as a final product, or further processing the cooled high-nickel matte by a wet method. And the smelting slag produced by smelting is depleted by an electric furnace or an electrode area to produce waste slag. The converting slag produced by converting can be returned to a smelting furnace for treatment, or returned to a smelting electrode area or a settling electric furnace for treatment, and can also be independently treated by a dilution electric furnace. If the blowing slag is singly depleted, a reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent are generally required to be added to produce the metallic nickel matte. However, the process has long flow and high energy consumption, each material is mainly poured into the next procedure through steamed stuffed buns, the operation environment is poor, and the process has certain requirements on the MgO content of the concentrate. Meanwhile, the process also has the problems of high energy consumption, large investment, serious low-altitude pollution and the like.

In 1995, Harjavalta factory in finland developed a flash furnace one-step Nickel smelting process (DON, Direct Outokumpu Nickel) based on the existing otokumpu flash smelting process, which is used for treating Nickel sulfide concentrate with high Nickel content, and can directly flash smelt the Nickel concentrate into high Nickel matte by one-step process, and the process flow is as follows: drying the nickel sulfide concentrate until the water content is less than or equal to 0.3%, mixing with powdery flux (if the nickel sulfide concentrate is a block flux, the nickel sulfide concentrate can be fed into a furnace after being finely ground) and smoke dust, then feeding the mixture into a concentrate nozzle, and carrying out chemical reaction with oxygen-enriched air in a reaction tower to generate the high-nickel matte. The smelting slag and the high nickel matte are settled and separated in a sedimentation tank and are respectively discharged, and the high nickel matte is used as a final product or sent to the next working procedure for treatment; the smelting slag is discharged into a depletion electric furnace. A reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent are added into the dilution electric furnace, and the electric furnace produces metallized nickel matte as a final product through reduction vulcanization reaction or is sent to the next working procedure for treatment; the waste slag produced by the electric furnace can be directly sold. Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, the DON process has the following advantages: (1) the process is short, the nickel sulfide concentrate is directly oxidized into high nickel matte, and the air refining process of low nickel matte is reduced. (2) The material transfer is reduced, less metal dust and sulfur are diffused to the environment, the operation environment is good, and the recovery rate of metal and sulfur is high. (3) In the smelting process, Fe in the materials is oxidized and fed into the slag, and MgO in the slag can be diluted, so that the process has better adaptability to MgO in the raw materials. (4) The smelting process is continuously carried out, the influence of periodic operation of the converter on the fluctuation of the flue gas is eliminated, and the subsequent flue gas treatment system has better operation conditions, less investment and low cost.

However, the DON one-step nickel smelting process still has the following problems:

(1) the smelting slag needs to be discharged from the furnace and flows into a dilution electric furnace through a runner for dilution, the temperature of the melt is reduced in the process, a plurality of groups of electrodes need to be arranged for heat compensation and temperature increase in the process of dilution of the electric furnace, the energy consumption is increased, and the smoke dissipation and the labor intensity of workers are increased in the process.

(2) The nickel and cobalt in the smelting slag mainly exist in oxide form, in order to prevent the alloy from sinking to the bottom, a certain amount of vulcanizing agent is required to be added besides the reducing agent to supplement and store sulfur for the nickel matte of the electric furnace, the vulcanizing agent is sprayed into the electric furnace through a spray gun, the material preparation and transportation system is complex, and the dilution operation temperature of the electric furnace is high.

(3) The electric furnace is depleted, the reducing agent is sprayed into the melt from the periphery of the electrode, and the stirring of the blowing air flow to the melt is required to be controlled for safe operation, so that the melt stirring is small, the reduction kinetic condition is poor, and the reduction effect is limited.

In summary, the nickel smelting device in the DON process is adopted, wherein the smelting and the dilution are arranged in two furnaces in the process, and the problems of smoke dissipation and labor intensity of workers can be caused in the process. Secondly, a plurality of groups of electrodes are additionally arranged in the impoverishment furnace for heat supplementing and temperature raising, so that the problem of increasing energy consumption is caused. Thirdly, a certain amount of vulcanizing agent needs to be added into the electric furnace for dilution, which causes the problem of high operation temperature of electric furnace for dilution. Fourthly, the stirring of the blowing air flow to the melt is required to be controlled, which causes the problems of poor dilution and reduction dynamic conditions of the electric furnace and poor reduction effect. Therefore, there is a need for a new nickel smelting device to overcome these drawbacks.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a nickel smelting device to solve the problem that the process that the nickel smelting device among the prior art exists is complicated, the effect of impoverishing is poor, the energy consumption is high, need to add aspects such as a large amount of vulcanizing agents when carrying out the nickel smelting.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nickel metallurgy apparatus. The nickel smelting device is integrated equipment and comprises a smelting zone, a depletion zone and a settling zone which are horizontally and sequentially communicated, wherein the smelting zone comprises a flash smelting reaction tower and a settling pond which is positioned below the flash smelting reaction tower and is directly communicated with the flash smelting reaction tower; the top of the flash smelting reaction tower is provided with a first charging opening, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a first nickel matte discharge opening; a concentrate nozzle is arranged at the first feeding port, is connected with the first oxygen-enriched air supply unit, the fuel supply unit and the nickel smelting raw material supply unit respectively and is used for spraying powder of the nickel smelting raw material, the first oxygen-enriched air and the fuel into the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower; the dilution zone is communicated with the sedimentation tank, the dilution zone is provided with a second feed inlet and a plurality of first spray holes, and the dilution zone is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first spray holes; the first spray gun is of a double-layer channel gun body structure, an inner layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a supply unit of a first reducing agent, an outer layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a second oxygen-enriched air supply unit, and a second charging opening is connected with the supply unit of a second reducing agent; the dilution zone is used for enabling the smelting slag to undergo a dilution reaction so as to produce a depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte; the settling zone is positioned on the side of the dilution zone away from the smelting zone; and a heating electrode is arranged in the settling zone. The top of one side of the sedimentation tank close to the dilution zone is also provided with a smelting flue gas outlet, and the smelting zone also comprises an uptake flue which is communicated with the smelting flue gas outlet. A partition wall is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the dilution zone, a communication channel is arranged below the partition wall, and the dilution zone is connected with the smelting zone through the communication channel.

Further, the plurality of first nozzle holes are distributed on different furnace walls of the depletion region.

Further, the plurality of first nozzle orifices is divided into a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the first nozzle orifices is located on a sidewall of the lean zone and the second portion of the first nozzle orifices is located on a top wall of the lean zone.

Furthermore, the number of the first spray holes in the first part is 2-12; the number of the first spray holes in the second part is 2-12; and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the first part of the first spray holes and the liquid level of the melting bath in the dilution zone is 0-10 degrees, and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the second part of the first spray holes and the liquid level of the melting bath in the dilution zone is 60-90 degrees.

Furthermore, a second spray hole is further formed in the side wall of the sedimentation tank, which is close to one side of the dilution zone, the nickel smelting device is further provided with second spray guns which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second spray holes, and the spraying materials of the second spray guns are the same as those of the first spray guns.

Furthermore, the number of the second spray holes is 2-6, the farthest distance between the second spray holes and the depletion region is taken as L ', the length of a side wall of the sedimentation tank connected with the depletion region is taken as L, and then L'/L is 0.05-0.2.

Further, the direction in which the smelting zone, the depletion zone and the settling zone are horizontally communicated in sequence is taken as the length direction, and the length of the inner cavity of the settling tank is taken as L₁The length of the lumen of the depletion zone is denoted as L₂The length of the inner cavity of the settling zone is recorded as L₃Then L is₁:L₂:L₃15 to 20, (6 to 12) and (6 to 12).

Further, the height of the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower is recorded as H₁，H₁Is 6-8 m, and the height of the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is recorded as H₂，H₂3.5-5 m; the communication position of the flash smelting reaction tower and the top of the sedimentation tank is positioned at the position far away from the depletion area of the sedimentation tank.

Further, the settling zone is provided with a second nickel matte discharge port, a waste residue discharge port and a settling flue gas outlet; the second nickel matte discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the settling zone, and the waste slag discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the settling zone far away from the dilution zone.

The utility model discloses a nickel smelting device need not additionally to set up the electrode concurrent heating in the district of impoverishing, has effectively reduced the energy consumption. Just the utility model discloses a nickel smelting device all need not to add extra vulcanizer in depletion region and subsidence area yet, operates simplyr, and environmental protection condition is better. Especially, the reduction dynamic condition of the dilution zone in the nickel smelting device is better, and the slag dilution reduction effect is better. Additionally, through the utility model discloses a nickel smelting device can accomplish smelting, dilution and the settlement separation of nickel smelting raw materials in a stove, but the high nickel matte of direct output is smelted, is depleted and subsides for continuity of operation, and its flow is shorter, production is more stable, unit interval throughput is littleer, operational environment is better, equipment and human investment cost are lower. And through the utility model discloses the device is smelted nickel, and metal recovery rate is higher (Ni is more than or equal to 97%, Co is more than or equal to 70%), abandons the sediment and contains Ni, Co lower (Ni is less than or equal to 0.3%, Co is less than or equal to 0.15%).

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a nickel smelting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a smelting zone; 20. a depletion zone; 30. a settling zone; 40. a rising flue; 50. a partition wall;

11. a flash smelting reaction tower; 12. a sedimentation tank; 31. heating the electrode; 101. a first feed inlet; 102. a first nickel matte discharge port; 103. a second nozzle hole; 201. a second feed inlet; 202. a first nozzle hole; 301. a second nickel matte discharge port; 302. a waste residue discharge port; 303. and a settling flue gas outlet.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As described in the background art, the nickel smelting device in the prior art has the problems of complex flow, poor dilution effect, high energy consumption, addition of a large amount of vulcanizing agent and the like when used for smelting nickel.

In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a nickel smelting device. The nickel smelting device is an integrated device, as shown in figure 1, and comprises a smelting zone 10, a depletion zone 20 and a settling zone 30 which are horizontally communicated in sequence, wherein the smelting zone 10 comprises a flash smelting reaction tower 11 and a settling pond 12 which is positioned below the flash smelting reaction tower 11 and is directly communicated with the flash smelting reaction tower 11; the top of the flash smelting reaction tower 11 is provided with a first charging opening 101, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank 12 is provided with a first nickel matte discharge opening 102; a concentrate nozzle is arranged at the first feed port 101, and the concentrate nozzle is respectively connected with the first oxygen-enriched air supply unit, the fuel supply unit and the nickel smelting raw material supply unit and is used for spraying powder of the nickel smelting raw material, the first oxygen-enriched air and the fuel into the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower 11; the dilution zone 20 is communicated with the sedimentation tank 12, the dilution zone 20 is provided with a second feeding port 201 and a plurality of first spray holes 202, and the dilution zone 20 is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns which are arranged corresponding to the first spray holes 202 one by one; the first spray gun is of a double-layer channel gun body structure, an inner layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a supply unit of a first reducing agent, an outer layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a second oxygen-enriched air supply unit, a second charging opening is connected with a supply unit of a second reducing agent, and at least one of the supply unit of the first reducing agent and the supply unit of the second reducing agent is opened. The impoverishment zone 20 is used for leading the smelting slag to carry out impoverishment reaction so as to produce impoverishment slag and first metallized nickel matte; the settling zone 30 is located on the side of the depletion zone 20 remote from the smelting zone 10; the settling zone 30 is internally provided with a heating electrode 31, and the settling zone 30 is used for settling the depleted slag to produce a second metallized nickel matte. The top of one side of the sedimentation tank 12 close to the dilution zone 20 is also provided with a smelting flue gas outlet, and the smelting zone 10 also comprises an uptake 40, wherein the uptake 40 is communicated with the smelting flue gas outlet. A partition wall 50 is arranged between the sedimentation tank 12 and the depletion zone 20, a communication channel is arranged below the partition wall 50, and the depletion zone 20 and the smelting zone 10 are connected through the communication channel.

One of them, the utility model discloses nickel metallurgy device is integration equipment, and the smelting zone, impoverishment district and subside the district setting in a reaction unit, but can realize smelting, the sediment impoverishment and the continuity of subsiding, directly smelt into nickelic matte with the nickel smelting raw materials, and accomplish the sediment reduction simultaneously and impoverishment and subside the separation. Based on the method, the influence of periodic operation of the converter on the flue gas fluctuation is cancelled, the material transfer is reduced, the flue gas loss is greatly reduced, the sulfur capture rate is high (more than or equal to 99 percent), less metal dust and sulfur are diffused into the environment, the operating environment is better, and the labor intensity of workers is lower. In the specific operation process, the nickel smelting raw material enters a flash smelting reaction tower through a first charging opening to be subjected to flash smelting, and a series of chemical reactions such as decomposition, oxidation and the like are generated to generate reaction product melt and smelting smoke. And a concentrate nozzle is arranged at the first feeding port and used for spraying powder of a nickel smelting raw material, first oxygen-enriched air and fuel into the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower. The first feed inlet is provided with a concentrate nozzle, oxygen-enriched air, bulk concentrate, a fusing agent and the like are sprayed into the reaction tower from the first feed inlet, and meanwhile, a fuel burner is arranged in the middle of the concentrate nozzle and can spray fuel, such as heavy oil, diesel oil, coal powder or natural gas, so as to supplement heat for the reaction tower. By doing so, the smelting reaction can be promoted to be more sufficient. The melt generated by the flash smelting reaction tower falls into a sedimentation tank, and FeO and SiO in the melt₂Further reacting and slagging. And because the nickel smelting raw materials are oxidized and smelted in a powder form under the first oxygen-enriched air in the flash smelting process, the method has the advantages of large specific surface area, rapid and sufficient reaction and the like, and can form high nickel matte with high nickel content and containing 20-75 wt% of nickel and smelting slag. After the slagging reaction is completed in the sedimentation tank, material stratification can be generated, high nickel matte generated at the bottom can be periodically discharged through the first nickel matte discharge port, and a slag layer above the high nickel matte discharge port can directly enter the dilution zone 20. In addition, the first and second substrates are,in the smelting process, MgO in the raw materials mainly enters a slag phase in the smelting process, and the smelting slag quantity is related to the nickel matte grade, namely the iron quantity removed in the smelting process. The more iron is removed by smelting, the larger the slag amount is, and the smaller the MgO content in the slag is. The utility model discloses in, smelt nickelic matte one step with the nickel concentrate, the most iron all is by the oxidation in getting into the sediment in the concentrate, and with adding quartz sand slagging, the sediment volume is big, and MgO content will reduce in the sediment. The utility model discloses Fe exists in the smelting slag with FeO's form in the material, can dilute the MgO in the sediment, therefore the device is better to MgO adaptability in the raw materials.

And secondly, the utility model discloses sedimentation tank and depletion region are directly linked together among the device, and on the one hand, the smelting sediment that generates in the sedimentation tank does not discharge, directly gets into depletion region from the sedimentation tank and imports, has avoided the smelting sediment to flow into the heat loss that imports the production of depletion electric stove in-process through the runner from the smelting furnace earlier discharge again, makes it get into and impound the reaction that imports directly with abundant hot state after the district. Meanwhile, the utility model discloses the depletion district still sets up a plurality of first spray guns simultaneously, and first reductant and second oxygen boosting air are blown into simultaneously. Particularly, the first spray gun is of a double-layer channel gun body structure, the inner layer channel is used for blowing a first reducing agent, and the outer layer channel is used for blowing second oxygen-enriched air. Moreover, the inner layer channel of the first spray gun is used for blowing the first reducing agent, and the outer layer channel is used for blowing the second oxygen-enriched air, so that the stability of the dilution reaction can be better maintained, and the dilution quality in the continuous treatment process can be ensured. Less heat loss, higher reduction kinetics condition make the utility model discloses need not to add supplementary device of heating in the depletion district, also need not additionally to add the vulcanizing agent, operation process is more simple. In addition, the depleted slag enters a sedimentation separation area, and the area is provided with an electrode for heating, so that the melt has good sedimentation separation conditions, the Ni content in the waste slag is low, and the metal recovery rate is higher.

And thirdly, the utility model discloses nickelic matte and the smelting slag in the nickel smelting device sedimentation tank can't accomplish the separation of percentage one hundred, inevitably have a small amount of nickelic matte and smelting slag to mix and get into the district of impoverishing together. And the utility model discloses the device need not additionally to add the vulcanizer in the district of impoverishing, and a small amount of nickelic matte of mixing in the smelting slag can dilute the first metallization nickel matte that impoverishment district produced as the vulcanizer, is enough to prevent to sink the end with nickel, cobalt alloy that the oxide exists in the smelting slag, has avoided spouting the too high problem of operating temperature that imports in the electric furnace that the vulcanizer caused through the spray gun simultaneously. Additionally, the utility model discloses what after impoverishing the slag further accomplishes the settlement separation in the settlement zone, the settlement zone with smelt the district, impoverish the district setting in a reaction unit, the metallized nickel matte that the settlement separation produced can be direct to mix with the nickelic matte that the smelting zone produced, based on this, the utility model discloses also need not to add the vulcanizing agent alone in the settlement zone.

And fourthly, the utility model discloses the flue gas that the smelting district of nickel smelting device produced can directly get into uptake, and the flue gas that impounds the district production also can get into uptake together with the flue gas that the smelting district produced, has reduced the flue gas loss by a wide margin, and environmental protection maneuverability is better.

And fifthly, the utility model discloses be provided with the partition wall between nickel metallurgy device's sedimentation tank and the district of impoverishing, the partition wall below has the intercommunication passageway, impoverishment district and smelting district link to each other through the intercommunication passageway. A partition wall is not arranged between the dilution zone and the sedimentation tank, mixed flue gas in the dilution zone and the sedimentation zone and smelting flue gas enter an ascending flue together, and because the temperature of the mixed flue gas in the dilution zone and the sedimentation zone is low, heat supplement is required to be carried out on the ascending flue for reducing boiler bonding, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the boiler is ensured to be more than or equal to 1200 ℃. The partition wall is arranged between the dilution zone and the sedimentation tank, so that mixed flue gas in the dilution zone and the sedimentation zone can be prevented from entering an uptake flue of the smelting zone, the dilution zone and the sedimentation zone can be cooled separately and then sent to a smelting flue gas dust collection system, and further, little heat supplement or no heat supplement can be carried out on the uptake flue, and the energy consumption is saved.

In a word, the utility model discloses a nickel smelting device need not additionally to set up the electrode concurrent heating in the district of impoverishing, has effectively reduced the energy consumption. The utility model discloses a nickel smelting device all need not to add extra vulcanizer in depletion region and subsidence area yet, operates simplyr, and the environmental protection condition is better. Especially, the reduction dynamic condition of the dilution zone in the nickel smelting device is better, and the slag dilution reduction effect is better. Additionally, through the utility model discloses a nickel smelting device can accomplish smelting, dilution and the settlement separation of nickel smelting raw materials in a stove, but the high nickel matte of direct output is smelted, is depleted and subsides for continuity of operation, and its flow is shorter, production is more stable, unit interval throughput is littleer, operational environment is better, equipment and human investment cost are lower. And through the utility model discloses the device is smelted nickel, and metal recovery rate is higher (Ni is more than or equal to 97%, Co is more than or equal to 70%), abandons the sediment and contains Ni, Co lower (Ni is less than or equal to 0.3%, Co is less than or equal to 0.15%).

Preferably, the utility model discloses can form the nickelic matte of nickeliferous 40 ~ 69 wt% in the smelting zone of device.

Preferably, the plurality of first nozzle orifices 202 are distributed on different furnace walls of the depletion zone 20. Therefore, the first reducing agent and the second oxygen-enriched air can be blown into the furnace from different directions of the furnace wall, so that the airflow atmosphere in the furnace is promoted to be more sufficient, the smelting slag in the depletion area can be stirred more sufficiently, the reduction effect of the smelting slag is enhanced, and the reduction depletion effect is better.

With the objective of promoting better slag reduction kinetics within the lean zone, it is preferred that the plurality of first nozzle orifices 202 be divided into a first portion and a second portion, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the first portion of the first nozzle orifices 202 are located on the sidewall of the lean zone 20 and the second portion of the first nozzle orifices 202 are located on the top wall of the lean zone 20. More preferably, the number of the first part of the first nozzle holes 202 is 2-12; the number of the first spray holes 202 in the second part is 2-12; and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the first part of the first spray holes 202 and the liquid level of the molten pool in the dilution zone 20 is 0-10 degrees, and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the second part of the first spray holes 202 and the liquid level of the molten pool in the dilution zone 20 is 60-90 degrees.

In a preferred embodiment, a side wall of the sedimentation tank 12 close to the depletion region 20 is also provided with a second spray hole 103, the nickel smelting device is also provided with a second spray gun which is arranged corresponding to the second spray hole 103 in a one-to-one mode, and the spraying material of the second spray gun is the same as that of the first spray gun. Based on the arrangement, the first reducing agent and the second oxygen-enriched air can be simultaneously sprayed in the process that the smelting slag enters the dilution zone from the sedimentation tank, and on one hand, the temperature drop of the smelting slag can be further avoided. On the other hand, the reduction reaction of a part of the smelting slag can be completed in advance in the process of entering the depletion area, so that the slag depletion reaction effect is promoted to be better.

More preferably, the number of the second nozzle holes 103 is 2 to 6. And the farthest distance between the second spray hole and the dilution zone 20 is taken as L ', and the length of the side wall of the sedimentation tank 12 connected with the dilution zone 20 is taken as L, so that L'/L is 0.05-0.2. Based on the arrangement, the temperature drop of the smelting slag generated when the smelting slag enters the dilution zone from the sedimentation tank can be further avoided, so that the beneficial effect that the smelting slag can be insulated without arranging an additional electrode in the dilution zone is achieved, and the energy consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, materials generated in the flash smelting process can fully complete slagging reaction in the forward process of the sedimentation tank, the high-nickel matte and the slag layer can be separated fully, and the slag layer can carry a proper small amount of high-nickel matte to achieve the purpose of diluting and smelting slag. Based on the method, the separation, slagging reaction, dilution reaction effect and other aspects of the high nickel matte can be better considered. Further preferably, the length direction is the direction in which the smelting zone 10, the depletion zone 20 and the settling zone 30 are horizontally communicated in sequence, and the length of the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank 12 is marked as L₁The length of the lumen of the depletion zone 20 is denoted as L₂The length of the inner cavity of the settling zone 30 is denoted as L₃Then L is₁:L₂:L₃15 to 20, (6 to 12) and (6 to 12). In the actual operation process, the flash smelting output materials can enter a sedimentation tank for full slagging and layering. The slag layer carries a small amount of high nickel matte into the depletion zone under the condition of basically no heat loss, and the slag layer is fully depleted under the condition of higher reduction kinetics. The depleted slag can enter a settling zone in a better thermal state and fully settle under the action of a little heat supplement of an electrode, so that the effect of slag matte separation is achieved. In a word, based on this setting, the utility model discloses can balance the smelting better, the sediment is barred and is subsided the operation.

Preferably, flash smelting is carried out inverselyThe height of the inner cavity of the tower 11 is marked as H₁6-8 m, and recording the height of the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank 12 as H₂The particle size is 3.5-5 m (related to the flow velocity of flue gas, the height of the liquid level of melt and the splashing height of a gun; the communication position of the flash smelting reaction tower 11 and the top of the sedimentation tank 12 is positioned at the position, far away from the dilution zone 20, of the sedimentation tank 12. therefore, on one hand, the full slagging and slag matte separation of flash smelting materials in the sedimentation tank are facilitated, on the other hand, the nickel content of high-nickel matte generated by smelting reaction is higher, the smelting slag generated by slagging reaction is more beneficial to subsequent dilution reaction, and the energy consumption of the dilution zone is reduced.

Preferably, the settling zone 30 has a second nickel matte discharge outlet 301, a slag discharge outlet 302 and a settling flue gas outlet 303; a second nickel matte tap 301 is located at the bottom of the settling zone 30 and a slag tap 302 is located at the bottom of the side wall of the settling zone 30 on the side remote from the depletion zone 20. And discharging second metallized nickel matte generated in the settling zone by using a second nickel matte discharge port, automatically flowing to the bottom of the settling tank of the smelting zone and mixing with high nickel matte to form a nickel matte product. The waste slag produced in the settling zone can be discharged at intervals by utilizing the slag discharge port. Because the nickel content of the waste slag is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, the waste slag can be directly treated.

Example 1

The nickel smelting device shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to process nickel concentrate, and the structural parameters are as follows: wherein L'/L is 0.12; l is₁:L₂:L₃Is 18:6:9 (each letter is as defined above). The nickel smelting steps are as follows:

s1, mixing the dried and finely ground nickel concentrate (containing 8.91% of Ni, 5.35% of Cu, 0.35% of Co, 35.77% of Fe and 7.89% of MgO7%), quartz sand flux, smoke dust and launder shell to be used as nickel smelting raw materials, spraying the nickel smelting raw materials into a furnace through a concentrate nozzle, wherein the particle size of the raw materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and the mixture ratio is concentrate: flux: and (3) returning material is 100: 26: 7.6.

s2, feeding the nickel smelting raw material into a flash smelting reaction tower, and carrying out flash smelting reaction in the presence of first oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen volume content is 80%) to generate smelting products and smelting flue gas, wherein the temperature of the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower is 1520 ℃.

S3, making the smelting product fall into a sedimentation tankReacting the slag, FeO and SiO in the slag₂Further reacting and slagging, wherein the generated high-nickel matte contains 47.22% of Ni and 3% of Fe; the generated smelting slag Fe/SiO₂1.2, the slag contains Ni 2%, and the slag temperature is 1300 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank is 1420 ℃, and the flue gas is sent to a flue gas treatment system for treatment. Wherein, the side wall of the sedimentation tank close to one side of the depletion region is also provided with 3 second spray holes.

S4, injecting second oxygen-enriched air (oxygen volume content is 21%) and first reducing agent natural gas into the dilution zone through two parts of first injection holes, wherein the number of the side wall injection holes is 8, the number of the top wall injection holes is 2, and the injection flow of the second oxygen-enriched air in each spray gun is 200-600 Nm³H is used as the reference value. Adding anthracite as a second reducing agent into the dilution zone through a second feeding port, enabling the smelting slag to enter the dilution zone for dilution reaction, wherein the dilution temperature is 1300 ℃, producing the depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte, and sinking the produced first metallized nickel matte to the bottom of the smelting furnace to be mixed with the high nickel matte produced in the smelting zone; the resulting depleted slag contained 0.25% Ni0. The melt temperature in the depletion zone is the same as in the melting zone. The dilution zone and the smelting zone are provided with partition walls, the temperature of flue gas in the dilution zone is 1100 ℃, and the cooled flue gas is sent to a flue gas dust collection system in the smelting zone.

The first spray holes are provided with first spray guns in one-to-one correspondence, the spray guns are of a double-layer channel gun body structure, the inner layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing natural gas of a first reducing agent, the outer layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing second oxygen-enriched air, and blowing materials of the second spray guns are the same as those of the first spray guns. The included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun on the top wall and the liquid level of the melting bath in the depletion region is 90 degrees, the first spray gun on the side wall is immersed and blown, the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun on the side wall and the liquid level of the melting bath in the depletion region is 3 degrees, and the second spray gun is immersed and blown.

And S5, allowing the depleted slag to enter a settling zone, performing settling treatment under the heat compensation of a heating electrode, wherein the temperature of the settling zone is 1310 ℃, the settled and separated waste slag contains 0.2 percent of Ni0.08 percent of Co0.2 percent, and the second metallized nickel matte generated by settling flows back to a smelting zone through the bottom and is mixed with the high nickel matte. The temperature of the flue gas generated in the settling zone is 730 ℃, and the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas in the dilution zone and enters a flue gas treatment system.

The detection proves that the recovery rate of the metallic nickel is 97.2%.

Example 2

The nickel smelting device shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to process nickel concentrate, and the structural parameters are as follows: wherein L'/L is 0.14; l is₁:L₂:L₃Is 18:8:9 (each letter is as defined above). The nickel smelting steps are as follows:

s1, mixing the dried and finely ground nickel concentrate (containing 13% of Ni, 1.35% of Cu, 0.4% of Co, 37% of Fe and 1.3% of MgO1), quartz sand flux and system return materials to be used as a nickel smelting raw material, spraying the nickel smelting raw material into a furnace through a concentrate nozzle, wherein the particle size of the raw material is less than or equal to 1mm, and the mixture ratio is concentrate: flux: and (3) returning material is 100: 28: 7.5.

s2, feeding the nickel smelting raw material into a flash smelting reaction tower, and carrying out flash smelting reaction in the presence of first oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen volume content is 80%) to generate smelting products and smelting flue gas, wherein the temperature of the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower is 1480 ℃.

S3, the smelting product falls into a sedimentation tank for slagging reaction, and FeO and SiO in the slag₂Further reacting and slagging to generate high-nickel matte containing 68.3% of Ni and 4% of Fe; the generated smelting slag Fe/SiO₂1.2, the content of Ni2.5 percent in slag and the temperature of the slag is 1250 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank is 1370 ℃, and the flue gas is sent to a flue gas treatment system for treatment.

S4, injecting second oxygen-enriched air (the volume content of oxygen is 25%) and first reducing agent carbon monoxide into the dilution zone through first injection holes in the side wall, wherein the number of the first part of injection holes is 12, and the injection flow of the second oxygen-enriched air in each spray gun is 200-500 Nm³H is used as the reference value. Adding anthracite as a second reducing agent into the dilution zone through a second feeding port, enabling the smelting slag to enter the dilution zone for dilution reaction, wherein the dilution temperature is 1280 ℃, producing the depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte, and sinking the produced first metallized nickel matte to the bottom of the smelting furnace to be mixed with the produced high nickel matte in the smelting zone; the resulting depleted slag contained 0.35% Ni0. The melt temperature in the depletion zone is the same as in the melting zone. The dilution zone and the smelting zone are provided with partition walls, the temperature of flue gas in the dilution zone is 1100 ℃, and the cooled flue gas is sent to a flue gas dust collection system in the smelting zone.

The first spray holes are provided with first spray guns in one-to-one correspondence, the spray guns are of a double-layer channel gun body structure, the inner layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in first reducing agent natural gas, and the outer layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in second oxygen-enriched air. The blowing direction of the first spray gun on the side wall and the liquid level of the melting bath in the depletion region form an included angle of 5 degrees, and the side wall is immersed and blown.

And S5, allowing the depleted slag to enter a settling zone, performing settling treatment under the heat compensation of a heating electrode, wherein the temperature in the settling zone is 1290 ℃, the settled and separated waste slag contains 0.24 percent of Ni0.08 percent of Co0.08 percent, and returning the second metallized nickel matte generated by settling to a smelting zone through the bottom to be mixed with the high nickel matte. The temperature of the flue gas generated in the settling zone is 700 ℃, and the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas in the dilution zone and enters a flue gas treatment system.

The detection proves that the recovery rate of the metallic nickel is 97.9%.

Example 3

The nickel smelting device shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to process nickel concentrate, and the structural parameters are as follows: wherein, the sedimentation tank is not provided with a spray gun, and the ratio of L1 to L2 to L3 is 18 to 6 to 9 (each letter is defined as the same as the above). The nickel smelting steps are as follows:

s1, mixing the dried and finely ground nickel concentrate (containing 5.25% of Ni, 4.6% of Cu, 0.34% of Co, 41% of Fe and 7.85% of MgO7), quartz sand flux and system return materials to be used as nickel smelting raw materials, spraying the nickel smelting raw materials into a furnace through a concentrate nozzle, wherein the particle size of the raw materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and the mixture ratio is concentrate: flux: and (3) returning material is 100: 33: 7.5.

s2, feeding the nickel smelting raw material into a flash smelting reaction tower, and carrying out flash smelting reaction in the presence of first oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen volume content is 80%) to generate smelting products and smelting flue gas, wherein the temperature of the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower is 1550 ℃.

S3, the smelting product falls into a sedimentation tank for slagging reaction, and FeO and SiO in the slag₂Further reacting and slagging to generate high-nickel matte containing 40.9 percent of Nis and 3 percent of Fe; the generated smelting slag Fe/SiO₂1.1, the content of Ni0.16 percent in slag and the slag temperature of 1310 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank is 1430 ℃, and the flue gas is sent to a flue gas treatment system for treatment.

S4, injecting second oxygen-enriched air (the volume content of oxygen is 25%) and first reducing agent coal powder into the dilution zone through first injection holes in the side wall, wherein the number of the first part of injection holes is 8, and the injection flow of the second oxygen-enriched air in each spray gun is 200-500 Nm³H is used as the reference value. Adding anthracite as a second reducing agent into the dilution zone through a second feeding port, enabling the smelting slag to enter the dilution zone for dilution reaction, wherein the dilution temperature is 1310 ℃, producing the depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte, and sinking the produced first metallized nickel matte to the bottom of the smelting furnace to be mixed with the high nickel matte produced in the smelting zone; the resulting depleted slag contained Ni0.22%. The melt temperature in the depletion zone is the same as in the melting zone. The dilution zone and the smelting zone are provided with partition walls, the temperature of flue gas in the dilution zone is 1100 ℃, and the cooled flue gas is sent to a flue gas dust collection system in the smelting zone.

The first spray holes are provided with first spray guns in one-to-one correspondence, the spray guns are of a double-layer channel gun body structure, the inner layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in first reducing agent natural gas, and the outer layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in second oxygen-enriched air. The blowing direction of the first part of the first spray gun and the liquid level of the melting bath in the depletion region form an included angle of 5 degrees, and the first part of the first spray gun is immersed and blown.

And S5, allowing the depleted slag to enter a settling zone, performing settling treatment under the heat compensation of a heating electrode, wherein the temperature in the settling zone is 1320 ℃, the settled and separated waste slag contains 0.16 percent of Ni0.1 percent of Co0.1 percent, and returning the second metallized nickel matte generated by settling to a smelting zone through the bottom to be mixed with the high nickel matte. The temperature of the flue gas generated in the settling zone is 730 ℃, and the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas in the dilution zone and enters a flue gas treatment system.

The recovery rate of the metallic nickel is 97 percent through detection.

Example 4

The nickel smelting device shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to process nickel concentrate, and the structural parameters are as follows: wherein, the sedimentation tank is not provided with a spray gun; l is₁:L₂:L₃Is 3:1.5:2 (each letter is as defined above). The nickel smelting steps are as follows:

s1, mixing the dried and finely ground nickel concentrate (containing Ni 6%, Cu 3.5%, Co0.26%, Fe 32%, MgO6.9%), quartz sand flux and system return materials to be used as a nickel smelting raw material, spraying the nickel smelting raw material into a furnace through a concentrate nozzle, wherein the particle size of the raw material is less than or equal to 1mm, and the mixture ratio is concentrate: flux: and (3) returning material is 100: 18: 7.5.

S3, the smelting product falls into a sedimentation tank for slagging reaction, and FeO and SiO in the slag₂Further reacting and slagging to generate high-nickel matte containing 47.6 percent of Nix and 4 percent of Fe; the generated smelting slag Fe/SiO₂1.2, the slag contains 2% of Ni and the slag temperature is 1310 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank is 1430 ℃, and the flue gas is sent to a flue gas treatment system for treatment.

S4, injecting second oxygen-enriched air (the volume content of oxygen is 21%) and first reducing agent natural gas into the dilution zone through the first spray holes on the top wall, wherein the number of the second part of spray holes is 6, and the injection flow rate of the second oxygen-enriched air in each spray gun is 150-500 Nm³H is used as the reference value. Adding a second reducing agent coke into the dilution zone through a second charging hole, and enabling the smelting slag to enter the dilution zone for dilution reaction, wherein the dilution temperature is 1310 ℃, and the produced depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte are produced, and the produced first metallized nickel matte is sunk to the bottom of the smelting furnace and mixed with a high nickel matte produced in the smelting zone; the resulting depleted slag contained 0.25% Ni0. The melt temperature in the depletion zone is the same as in the melting zone. The dilution zone and the smelting zone are provided with partition walls, the flue gas temperature of the dilution zone is 1150 ℃, and the cooled flue gas is sent to a flue gas dust collection system of the smelting zone.

The first spray holes are provided with first spray guns in one-to-one correspondence, the spray guns are of a double-layer channel gun body structure, the inner layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in first reducing agent natural gas, and the outer layer channels of the spray guns are used for blowing in second oxygen-enriched air. The blowing direction of the second part of the first spray gun and the liquid level of the melting bath in the depletion region form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the second part of the first spray gun is immersed and blown.

And S5, allowing the depleted slag to enter a settling zone, performing settling treatment under the heat compensation of a heating electrode, wherein the temperature in the settling zone is 1320 ℃, the slag after settling separation contains 0.2% of Ni0% and less than or equal to 0.09% of Co, and allowing the second metallized nickel matte generated by settling to flow back to a smelting zone through the bottom and be mixed with the high nickel matte. The temperature of the flue gas generated in the settling zone is 730 ℃, and the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas in the dilution zone and enters a flue gas treatment system.

The recovery rate of the metallic nickel is 97 percent through detection.

Example 5

The nickel smelting device shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to process nickel concentrate, and the structural parameters are as follows: whereinL'/L is 0.05; l is₁:L₂:L₃Is 18:4:12 (each letter is as defined above). The nickel smelting steps are as follows:

s1, mixing the dried and finely ground nickel concentrate (containing 8.91% of Ni8, 5.35% of Cu, 0.35% of Co0.77%, 35.77% of Fe and 7.89% of MgO7%), quartz sand flux, smoke dust and launder shell return materials to be used as nickel smelting raw materials, spraying the nickel smelting raw materials into a furnace through a concentrate nozzle, wherein the particle size of the raw materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and the mixture ratio is concentrate: flux: and (3) returning material is 100: 26: 7.6.

S3, the smelting product falls into a sedimentation tank for slagging reaction, and FeO and SiO in the slag₂Further reacting and slagging, wherein the generated high-nickel matte contains 47.22% of Ni and 3% of Fe; the generated smelting slag Fe/SiO₂1.2, the slag contains Ni 2%, and the slag temperature is 1300 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank is 1420 ℃, and the flue gas is sent to a flue gas treatment system for treatment. Wherein, the side wall of the sedimentation tank close to one side of the depletion region is also provided with 1 second spray hole.

S4, injecting second oxygen-enriched air (oxygen volume content is 21%) and first reducing agent natural gas into the dilution zone through two parts of first injection holes, wherein the number of the side wall injection holes is 4, the number of the top wall injection holes is 2, and the injection flow of the second oxygen-enriched air in each spray gun is 150-500 Nm³H is used as the reference value. Adding anthracite as a second reducing agent into the dilution zone through a second feeding port, enabling the smelting slag to enter the dilution zone for dilution reaction, wherein the dilution temperature is 1300 ℃, producing the depleted slag and a first metallized nickel matte, and sinking the produced first metallized nickel matte to the bottom of the smelting furnace to be mixed with the high nickel matte produced in the smelting zone; the resulting depleted slag contained 0.4% Ni. The melt temperature in the depletion zone is the same as in the melting zone. The dilution zone and the smelting zone are provided with partition walls, the temperature of flue gas in the dilution zone is 1100 ℃, and the cooled flue gas is sent to a flue gas dust collection system in the smelting zone.

And S5, allowing the depleted slag to enter a settling zone, performing settling treatment under the heat compensation of a heating electrode, wherein the temperature of the settling zone is 1310 ℃, the settled and separated waste slag contains 0.31 percent of Ni0.13 percent of Co0.13 percent, and returning the second metallized nickel matte generated by settling to a smelting zone through the bottom to be mixed with the high nickel matte. The temperature of the flue gas generated in the settling zone is 730 ℃, and the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas in the dilution zone and enters a flue gas treatment system.

The recovery rate of the metallic nickel is 96.4 percent through detection.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel smelting device is characterized in that the nickel smelting device is an integrated device which comprises a smelting zone (10), a depletion zone (20) and a settling zone (30) which are horizontally communicated in sequence,

the smelting zone (10) comprises a flash smelting reaction tower (11) and a sedimentation tank (12) which is positioned below the flash smelting reaction tower (11) and is directly communicated with the flash smelting reaction tower; a first charging hole (101) is formed in the top of the flash smelting reaction tower (11), and a first nickel matte discharge hole (102) is formed in the bottom of the sedimentation tank (12); a concentrate nozzle is arranged at the first charging hole (101), and the concentrate nozzle is respectively connected with a first oxygen-enriched air supply unit, a fuel supply unit and a nickel smelting raw material supply unit and is used for spraying powder of the nickel smelting raw material, the first oxygen-enriched air and the fuel into an inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower (11);

the dilution zone (20) is communicated with the sedimentation tank (12), the dilution zone (20) is provided with a second feeding port (201) and a plurality of first spray holes (202), and the dilution zone (20) is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns which are arranged corresponding to the first spray holes (202) in a one-to-one mode; the first spray gun is of a double-layer channel gun body structure, an inner layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a supply unit of a first reducing agent, an outer layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a second oxygen-enriched air supply unit, and a second charging opening is connected with the supply unit of a second reducing agent; the impoverishment area (20) is used for leading the smelting slag to carry out impoverishment reaction so as to produce impoverishment slag and first metallized nickel matte;

the settling zone (30) is located on the side of the depletion zone (20) remote from the smelting zone (10); a heating electrode (31) is arranged in the settling zone (30);

wherein a smelting flue gas outlet is further arranged at the top of one side of the sedimentation tank (12) close to the dilution zone (20), the smelting zone (10) further comprises an uptake flue (40), and the uptake flue (40) is communicated with the smelting flue gas outlet; a partition wall (50) is arranged between the sedimentation tank (12) and the depletion zone (20), a communication channel is arranged below the partition wall (50), and the depletion zone (20) and the smelting zone (10) are connected through the communication channel.

2. A nickel smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of the first nozzle holes (202) are distributed on different furnace walls of the depletion zone (20).

3. The nickel metallurgy apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of first nozzle holes (202) are divided into a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the first nozzle holes (202) is located at a side wall of the depletion region (20), and the second portion of the first nozzle holes (202) is located at a top wall of the depletion region (20).

4. A nickel metallurgy apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the number of the first nozzle holes (202) in the first portion is 2 to 12; the number of the first spray holes (202) in the second part is 2-12; and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the first part of the first spray holes (202) and the liquid level of the molten pool of the depletion area (20) is 0-10 degrees, and the included angle between the blowing direction of the first spray gun corresponding to the second part of the first spray holes (202) and the liquid level of the molten pool of the depletion area (20) is 60-90 degrees.

5. The nickel smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a side wall of the sedimentation tank (12) on the side close to the depletion zone (20) is further provided with a second spray hole (103), the nickel smelting device is further provided with a second spray gun which is arranged corresponding to the second spray hole (103) in a one-to-one manner, and the spraying material of the second spray gun is the same as that of the first spray gun.

6. A nickel metallurgy apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the number of the second nozzle holes (103) is 2 to 6, and the farthest distance between the second nozzle holes and the depletion zone (20) is denoted by L ', and the length of the side wall of the sedimentation tank (12) connected to the depletion zone (20) is denoted by L, L'/L is 0.05 to 0.2.

7. The nickel smelting plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the length direction is the direction in which the smelting zone (10), the depletion zone (20) and the settling zone (30) are horizontally communicated in sequence, and the length of the inner cavity of the settling tank (12) is denoted as L₁The length of the inner cavity of the depletion area (20) is recorded as L₂The length of the inner cavity of the settling zone (30) is recorded as L₃Then L is₁:L₂:L₃15-20: 6-12.

8. A nickel smelting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the height of the inner cavity of the flash smelting reaction tower (11) is recorded as H₁，H₁6-8 m, and recording the height of the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank (12) as H₂，H₂3.5-5 m; the communication position of the flash smelting reaction tower (11) and the top of the sedimentation tank (12) is positioned at the position of the sedimentation tank (12) far away from the depletion area (20).

9. A nickel smelting plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the settling zone (30) has a second nickel matte discharge outlet (301), a slag discharge outlet (302) and a settling flue gas outlet (303); the second nickel matte discharge outlet (301) is arranged at the bottom of the settling zone (30), and the slag discharge outlet (302) is arranged on the side wall of the settling zone (30) far away from the dilution zone (20).