CN113046575A - Smelting method of nickel sulfide concentrate - Google Patents
Smelting method of nickel sulfide concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113046575A CN113046575A CN202110606059.5A CN202110606059A CN113046575A CN 113046575 A CN113046575 A CN 113046575A CN 202110606059 A CN202110606059 A CN 202110606059A CN 113046575 A CN113046575 A CN 113046575A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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Abstract
The invention provides a smelting method of nickel sulfide concentrate. The smelting device adopted by the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises a molten pool smelting device, wherein a molten pool of the molten pool smelting device is provided with a partition wall so as to divide the molten pool into an oxidation smelting area and a reduction smelting area, the bottoms of the oxidation smelting area and the reduction smelting area are communicated, the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting area is in a step shape, and the height of the bottom wall close to the oxidation smelting area is lower than that of the bottom wall far away from the oxidation smelting area; the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises the following steps: in an oxidation smelting zone, carrying out side-blown oxidation smelting on nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and a slagging agent to obtain first low-nickel matte and smelting slag; and in the reduction smelting zone, spraying a reducing agent into the smelting slag, and carrying out reduction, dilution and settlement treatment to obtain second low-nickel matte and reduced slag. By adopting the method, the content of nickel element in the slag can be reduced, the grade and the recovery rate of low-nickel matte can be improved, and meanwhile, the process saves the material transfer process, reduces the heat loss, saves the electric energy consumption and reduces the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate.
Background
At present, the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace is mainly applied to copper concentrate smelting to produce copper matte, and the side-blown smelting furnaces for treating nickel concentrate are fewer. In the bath smelting process for processing nickel concentrate, a dilution electric furnace is matched with oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting and oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting. In actual production, the depletion furnace has the following problems: the bonding of a molten pool is serious, the temperature of slag cannot be raised, the power consumption is high, the electrode material consumption is high, and the production cost is high. The key point is that the nickel content of the slag is high along with the improvement of the nickel grade. According to the current domestic actual production operation condition, the nickel content in the general smelting slag is 0.3% -0.40%, a large amount of metal nickel can be lost by directly discarding the smelting slag, the metal recovery rate is low, and the economic benefit is poor. The existing enterprises adopt the electric furnace process to treat the slag and reduce Fe in the slag3O4And other metal oxides to obtain a mixture of a metal phase and a sulfonium phase and reduced slag, but the conventional electric furnace process has poor reduction effect, and a system is independently constructed to increase the production cost and have poor economic benefit.
In view of the above problems, there is a need for a method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate with high nickel recovery rate and low energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a smelting method of nickel sulfide concentrate, which aims to solve the problems of low separation rate of nickel matte and molten slag and high energy consumption in the existing smelting method of nickel concentrate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate, wherein a smelting device adopted by the method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate comprises a molten pool smelting device, a molten pool of the molten pool smelting device is provided with a partition wall so as to divide the molten pool into an oxidation smelting area and a reduction smelting area, the bottoms of the oxidation smelting area and the reduction smelting area are communicated, the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting area is in a step shape, and the height of the bottom wall close to the oxidation smelting area is lower than that of the bottom wall far away from the oxidation smelting area; the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises the following steps: in an oxidation smelting zone, carrying out side-blown oxidation smelting on nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and a slagging agent to obtain first low-nickel matte and smelting slag; and in the reduction smelting zone, spraying a reducing agent into the smelting slag, and carrying out reduction, dilution and settlement treatment to obtain second low-nickel matte and reduced slag.
Further, the side-blown oxidation smelting process comprises the following steps: spraying nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and a slagging agent from a top inlet of the oxidation smelting zone; preferably, the concentration of oxygen in the oxidation smelting process is 60% -95%.
Further, the temperature of the side-blown oxidation smelting process is 1300-1500 ℃.
Further, the fuel is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal and coke; the slagging agent is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone.
Furthermore, the injection speed of the reducing agent is 100-200 m/s.
Further, the reducing agent is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, pulverized coal and petroleum gas.
Furthermore, the temperature of the reduction and dilution process is 1300-1500 ℃.
Further, at least one graphite electrode is arranged at the top corresponding to the reduction smelting area of the molten pool smelting device, and the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate further comprises the following steps: and (4) supplementing heat in the sedimentation treatment process by using a graphite electrode.
Further, the height difference of the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is 300-500 mm; preferably, the slope of the bearing parts of two adjacent step parts in the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is less than or equal to 90 degrees.
Further, the products of the oxidation smelting also include a first flue gas, the products of the reduction depletion process also include a second flue gas, and the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate also includes: and recovering waste heat of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, in the smelting method, the oxygen-enriched side-blown oxidation smelting process and the reduction, dilution and sedimentation process are completed in an integrated molten pool smelting device. Oxygen-enriched air is blown in from the side part of the oxidation smelting zone, so that the melt in the furnace and the added mixed materials form strong mixing and stirring, and reaction raw materials such as nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel, slagging agent, oxygen-enriched air and the like are subjected to a series of physical and chemical reactions such as dehydration, decomposition, oxidation smelting, sulfonium making, slagging and the like in the oxidation smelting zone. CO generated in the reaction process overflows the melt surface to carry out secondary combustion, so that the temperature of the hearth is increased, the molten pool is reversely heated, and the produced liquid low-nickel matte and the produced smelting slag are layered in the molten pool due to different densities. The molten pool of the reduction smelting zone is communicated with the molten pool of the oxidation smelting zone, and the liquid low-nickel matte and the smelting slag produced by side-blown oxidation smelting directly enter the reduction smelting zone. The reducing agent is sprayed into the slag layer to carry out reduction reaction with the metal oxide, so that the melt in the reduction smelting zone can be stirred, the efficiency and the reduction depth of the reduction and depletion process are improved, and the metal content in the slag is greatly reduced. Because of the difference between the precipitation condition and the melt density, the low nickel matte and the slag are layered after the reduction and dilution treatment, and the low nickel matte layer is positioned at the lower part of the slag layer. The corresponding diapire in reduction smelting district is the echelonment, and the diapire that is close to the oxidation smelting district highly is less than the height of the diapire of keeping away from the oxidation smelting district, and this makes and can not form the nickel matte layer among the settlement process, only the slag, and this can greatly reduced high-grade nickel matte layer is to the influence of nickel granule sedimentation separation in the slag, improves the separation rate of nickel and slag in the slag to can improve nickel element's rate of recovery and grade by a wide margin. Compared with the existing method, the smelting method can reduce the content of nickel element in the slag, improve the grade and recovery rate of low-nickel matte, and simultaneously, the process saves the material transfer process, reduces the heat loss, saves the electric energy consumption and reduces the operation cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for smelting nickel sulphide concentrate according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of a molten bath melting apparatus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of a molten bath melting apparatus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a top view of a molten bath smelting apparatus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. an oxidation smelting zone; 101. a first feed inlet; 102. a low nickel matte vent; 103. a flue gas outlet; 11. a first side-blowing spray gun; 12. a second side-blowing lance;
20. a reduction smelting zone; 21. a reducing agent spray gun; 22. a bottom wall; 23. a graphite electrode; 201. a slag discharge port;
30. a partition wall.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
As described in the background art, the existing smelting method of nickel concentrate has the problems of low separation rate of nickel matte and molten slag and high energy consumption. In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate, wherein a smelting device adopted by the method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate comprises a molten pool smelting device, a partition wall is arranged in a molten pool to divide the molten pool into an oxidation smelting area and a reduction smelting area, the bottoms of the oxidation smelting area and the reduction smelting area are communicated, the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting area is in a step shape, and the height of the bottom wall close to the oxidation smelting area is lower than that of the bottom wall far away from the oxidation smelting area; the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises the following steps: in an oxidation smelting zone, carrying out oxidation smelting on nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and a slagging constituent to obtain first low-nickel matte and smelting slag; and in the reduction smelting zone, carrying out reduction dilution and sedimentation treatment on the smelting slag to obtain second low-nickel matte and reducing slag.
In the smelting method, the oxygen-enriched side-blown oxidation smelting process and the reduction, dilution and sedimentation process are completed in an integrated molten pool smelting device. Oxygen-enriched air is blown in from the side part of the oxidation smelting zone, so that the melt in the furnace and the added mixed materials form strong mixing and stirring, and reaction raw materials such as nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel, slagging agent, oxygen-enriched air and the like are subjected to a series of physical and chemical reactions such as dehydration, decomposition, oxidation smelting, sulfonium making, slagging and the like in the oxidation smelting zone. CO generated in the reaction process overflows the melt surface to carry out secondary combustion, so that the temperature of the hearth is increased, the molten pool is reversely heated, and the produced liquid low-nickel matte and the produced smelting slag are layered in the molten pool due to different densities. The molten pool of the reduction smelting zone is communicated with the molten pool of the oxidation smelting zone, and the liquid low-nickel matte and the smelting slag produced by side-blown oxidation smelting directly enter the reduction smelting zone. The reducing agent is sprayed into the slag layer to carry out reduction reaction with the metal oxide, so that the melt in the reduction smelting zone can be stirred, the efficiency and the reduction depth of the reduction and depletion process are improved, and the metal content in the slag is greatly reduced. Because of the difference between the precipitation condition and the melt density, the low nickel matte and the slag are layered after the reduction and dilution treatment, and the low nickel matte layer is positioned at the lower part of the slag layer. The corresponding diapire in reduction smelting district is the echelonment, and the diapire that is close to the oxidation smelting district highly is less than the height of the diapire of keeping away from the oxidation smelting district, and this makes and can not form the nickel matte layer among the settlement process, only the slag, and this can greatly reduced high-grade nickel matte layer is to the influence of nickel granule sedimentation separation in the slag, improves the separation rate of nickel and slag in the slag to can improve nickel element's rate of recovery and grade by a wide margin. Compared with the existing method, the smelting method can reduce the content of nickel element in the slag, improve the grade and recovery rate of low-nickel matte, and simultaneously, the process saves the material transfer process, reduces the heat loss, saves the electric energy consumption and reduces the operation cost.
In a preferred embodiment, the above-described oxidative smelting process comprises: nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and slag former are injected from the top of the oxidation smelting zone. The material can be dehydrated from the feeding to the falling into the molten pool by adopting the feeding mode, thereby being beneficial to improving the smelting effect.
In the side-blown oxidation smelting process, the material blown in from the side part comprises but is not limited to air, oxygen-enriched air, natural gas, pulverized coal, solid reducing agent and other small amount of dry powdery ash. Oxygen-enriched air as referred to in this application is a gas having a concentration of oxygen of more than 21% by volume. In order to further improve the oxidation degree of the nickel sulfide concentrate in the side-blown oxidation smelting process, preferably, the concentration of oxygen in the oxidation smelting process is 60-95%, such as 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%. More preferably 70 to 90%.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the side-blown oxidation smelting process is 1300-1500 ℃. The temperature and time of the side-blown oxidation smelting process include, but are not limited to, the above ranges, and limiting the temperature and time to the above ranges is advantageous for further increasing the degree of oxidation of the reaction raw materials, thereby further increasing the recovery rate of nickel element. For example, the temperature of the side-blown oxidation melting process may be 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, and 1500 ℃.
The fuels and slag formers used in the smelting process described above may be of the kind commonly used in the art. Such as fuels including, but not limited to, one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal, and coke; slag formers include, but are not limited to, quartz and/or limestone.
The reducing agent is sprayed into the reduction smelting zone, which is favorable for improving the mass and heat transfer efficiency in the molten pool, thereby improving the reduction depth. In order to further improve the stirring intensity of the reducing agent in the molten pool and the reduction degree in the reduction and dilution, the spray gun of the reduction smelting zone preferably adopts a multi-channel and high-speed structure, and the reduction efficiency is improved by stirring the melt and enlarging the contact surface of the melt and the reducing agent through the sprayed gas flow. More preferably, the injection speed of the reducing agent is 100-200 m/s. For example, the injection speed of the reducing agent is 100m/s, 120m/s, 140m/s, 160m/s, 180m/s and 200 m/s.
In the above-mentioned reduction smelting process, the kind of the reducing agent may be selected from those commonly used in the art. In a preferred embodiment, the reductant includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the group consisting of coal, natural gas and petroleum gas.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the reductive depletion process is 1300 to 1500 ℃, more preferably 1300 to 1400 ℃. The temperature and time of the reduction dilution include, but are not limited to, the above ranges, and the limitation of the temperature and time within the above ranges is favorable for further improving the separation effect of the low nickel matte from the molten slag, thereby being favorable for reducing the content of nickel elements in the molten slag and the grade and recovery rate of nickel elements in the low nickel matte.
Because of the relatively high temperature of the melt discharged from the side-blown oxygen smelting process, heating is generally not required during the reduction dilution process. However, in the sedimentation stratification process, partial heat loss is caused by the discharge of the slag and the low-nickel matte, and in order to reduce the temperature fluctuation in the sedimentation treatment process and improve the sedimentation efficiency and the recovery rate of the nickel element, at least one graphite electrode is preferably arranged at the top corresponding to the reduction smelting zone, and the graphite electrode is used for supplementing heat to the sedimentation treatment process. More preferably, the number of the graphite electrodes is 3, and the graphite electrodes are arranged in a straight line.
The corresponding diapire in reduction smelting district is the echelonment, and the diapire that is close to the oxidation smelting district highly is less than the height of the diapire of keeping away from the oxidation smelting district, and this makes and can not form the nickel matte layer among the settlement process, only the slag, and this can greatly reduced high-grade nickel matte layer is to the influence of nickel grain sedimentation separation in the slag, improves the separation rate of nickel element and slag in the slag to can improve nickel element's rate of recovery and grade by a wide margin. In a preferred embodiment, the height difference of the corresponding bottom walls of the reduction smelting zone is 300-500 mm. The height difference of the corresponding bottom wall of the reduction smelting zone includes, but is not limited to, the above range, and the limitation of the height difference within the above range is favorable for further improving the separation rate of the nickel element from the molten slag. The height difference of the corresponding bottom wall of the reduction smelting zone can be 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, 450mm and 500 mm. In order to improve the separation efficiency, the slope of the bearing part of the adjacent two step parts in the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is more preferably less than or equal to 90 degrees.
In the smelting method, the products of the oxidation smelting further include a first flue gas, the products of the reduction and dilution process further include a second flue gas, and the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate further includes: and recovering waste heat of the first flue gas and the second flue gas. More preferably, the smoke outlet is arranged in the middle of the furnace body, and the smoke generated in the oxidation smelting zone and the reduction smelting zone is mixed and combined and then discharged from the smoke outlet.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
The technological scheme of the smelting process of the nickel sulfide concentrate is shown in figure 1, and a molten bath smelting device is adopted, as shown in figures 2 to 4.
The composition of the mixed nickel concentrate (nickel sulfide concentrate) was 8.2wt% Ni, 2.4 wt% Cu, 0.6wt% Co, 27.5wt% S, 27.8wt% Fe, 4wt% CaO, 8.2wt% MgO8, SiO213wt% and others.
The molten pool smelting device comprises a molten pool, the molten pool is divided into an oxidation smelting zone 10 and a reduction smelting zone 20 which are communicated with each other at the bottom through a partition wall 30, the bottom wall 22 corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is in a step shape, the height of the bottom wall close to the oxidation smelting zone 10 is lower than that of the bottom wall far away from the oxidation smelting zone 10, the height difference is 300mm, and the gradient is 30 degrees.
Mixing nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel (lump coal) and a slagging agent (quartz stone), adding the mixed materials after proportioning into an oxidation smelting zone 10 from a first charging hole 101 arranged on the top of a furnace, and blowing oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen concentration is more than 21 vol%) into the oxidation smelting zone through a first side-blowing spray gun 11 and a second side-blowing spray gun 12 for oxidation smelting to obtain first low-nickel matte and slag, wherein the oxidation smelting temperature is 1400 ℃, the oxygen concentration is 85 vol%, the nickel sulfide concentrate is 12 ten thousand tons/year, the fuel (coke) is 10830 tons/year, and the consumption of the slagging agent (quartz stone) is 10880 tons/year.
After the oxidation smelting is finished, the product system directly flows into a reduction smelting zone 20, and meanwhile, a reducing agent (70 kg/h of coal powder) is sprayed into the slag layer from a reducing agent spray gun 21 arranged at a second feeding port to carry out reduction dilution and sedimentation processes, wherein the temperature of the reduction dilution process is 1400 ℃, the dilution time is continuous, the spraying rate of the reducing agent is 150m/s, and the adding amount accounts for 0.49wt% of the nickel sulfide concentrate; in the sedimentation process, the graphite electrode 23 is adopted for heat compensation, the temperature in the sedimentation process is 1400 ℃, and the sedimentation time is continuous. The slag obtained in the settling process is discharged through a slag discharge port 201, and the low-nickel matte is discharged through a low-nickel matte discharge port 102. During smelting, the flue gas generated in the oxidation smelting zone 10 and the reduction smelting zone 20 is discharged through a flue gas outlet 103 arranged at the top middle position of the molten bath smelting device. Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 35%, the content of the nickel element in the slag is 0.25wt%, and the direct recovery rate of the nickel element is 97.52 wt%. And carrying out water quenching on the molten slag in a water quenching system to obtain water-quenched slag and flue gas, and conveying the low-nickel matte into an converting system for converting.
Example 2
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature of the side-blown oxidation smelting process was 1300 ℃, the oxygen concentration was 70 vol%, and the amount of the reducing agent was 0.3wt% of the nickel sulfide concentrate.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 28%, the content of the nickel element in the slag is 0.24wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel element is 97.62 wt%.
Example 3
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature of the side-blown oxygen smelting process is 1500 ℃, and the concentration of oxygen is 90 vol%.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 40%, the content of the nickel element in the slag is 0.35wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel element is 96.52 wt%.
Example 4
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature of the side-blown oxidation smelting process is 1550 ℃, the time is continuous, and the concentration of oxygen is 65 vol%.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 30%, the content of nickel in the slag is 0.4wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 96.03 wt%.
Example 5
The differences from example 1 are: the injection speed of the reducing agent is 100m/s, the temperature of the reduction and depletion process is 1300 ℃, and the time of the reduction and depletion is continuous.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 35%, the content of the nickel element in the slag is 0.28wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel element is 97.22 wt%.
Example 6
The differences from example 1 are: the injection speed of the reducing agent is 200m/s, and the temperature of the reduction and depletion process is 1500 ℃.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 35%, the content of the nickel element in the slag is 0.3wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel element is 97.02 wt%.
Example 7
The differences from example 1 are: the injection speed of the reducing agent is 80m/s, and the temperature of the reduction and depletion process is 1250 ℃.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 30%, the content of nickel in the slag is 0.4wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 95.03 wt%.
Example 8
The differences from example 7 are: the height difference of the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is 500 mm.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 35%, the content of nickel in the slag is 0.5wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 93.14 wt%.
Example 9
The differences from example 7 are: the height difference of the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is 100 mm.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 33%, the content of nickel in the slag is 0.5wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 92.04 wt%.
Comparative example 1
The differences from example 9 are:
the oxidation smelting zone and the reduction smelting zone are two independent smelting devices with the bottom of the molten pool being a plane and are communicated by a chute.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 31%, the content of nickel in the slag is 0.6wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 90.04 wt%.
Comparative example 2
The differences from example 9 are:
the bottom walls of the oxidation smelting zone and the reduction smelting zone are both flat, but the bottom wall of the oxidation smelting zone is higher than the bottom wall of the reduction smelting zone.
Through the smelting process, the grade of the low-nickel matte is 32%, the content of nickel in the slag is 1.0wt%, and the total recovery rate of the nickel is 88.07 wt%.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: compared with the existing method, the smelting method can reduce the content of nickel element in the slag and improve the grade and recovery rate of low-nickel matte.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those described or illustrated herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for smelting the nickel sulfide concentrate is characterized in that a smelting device adopted by the method for smelting the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises a molten pool smelting device, a molten pool of the molten pool smelting device is provided with a partition wall so as to divide the molten pool into an oxidation smelting area and a reduction smelting area, the bottoms of the oxidation smelting area and the reduction smelting area are communicated, the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting area is stepped, and the height of the bottom wall close to the oxidation smelting area is lower than the height of the bottom wall far away from the oxidation smelting area; the smelting method of the nickel sulfide concentrate comprises the following steps:
in the oxidation smelting zone, carrying out side-blown oxidation smelting on the nickel sulfide concentrate, fuel and a slagging constituent to obtain first low-nickel matte and smelting slag;
and in the reduction smelting zone, spraying a reducing agent into the smelting slag, and carrying out reduction, dilution and sedimentation treatment to obtain second low-nickel matte and reduced slag.
2. The method of smelting nickel sulfide concentrate of claim 1, wherein the side blown oxidation smelting process includes:
injecting the nickel sulfide concentrate, the fuel and the slagging agent from a top inlet of the oxidation smelting zone;
in the oxidation smelting process, the concentration of oxygen is 60% -95%.
3. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the side-blown oxidation smelting process is 1300-1500 ℃.
4. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the fuel is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal, and coke;
the slagging agent is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone.
5. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the injection speed of the reducing agent is 100 to 200 m/s.
6. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 5, wherein the reductant is one or more selected from the group consisting of natural gas, pulverized coal, and petroleum gas.
7. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the reduction and dilution process is 1300-1500 ℃.
8. The method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 5, wherein at least one graphite electrode is arranged at the top of the reduction smelting zone of the molten bath smelting device, and the method for smelting nickel sulfide concentrate further comprises: and supplementing heat in the sedimentation treatment process by using the graphite electrode.
9. The smelting method of nickel sulfide concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the height difference of the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is 300-500 mm;
the slope of the bearing parts of two adjacent step parts in the bottom wall corresponding to the reduction smelting zone is less than or equal to 90 degrees.
10. The method of smelting nickel sulfide concentrate of claim 1, wherein the product of the oxidative smelting further includes a first flue gas, the product of the reductive depletion process further includes a second flue gas, the method of smelting nickel sulfide concentrate further comprising: and recovering waste heat of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114182110A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-15 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Side-blown smelting device and smelting method |
| CN115505755A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-23 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Smelting method of high-magnesium low-nickel sulfide concentrate |
| WO2023077641A1 (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-05-11 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Smelting furnace for smelting nickel matte and production method for low nickel matte |
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| WO2023077641A1 (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-05-11 | 中伟新材料股份有限公司 | Smelting furnace for smelting nickel matte and production method for low nickel matte |
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| CN115505755A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-23 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Smelting method of high-magnesium low-nickel sulfide concentrate |
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