CN214546203U

CN214546203U - Sapling ditching planting machine capable of supporting sapling

Info

Publication number: CN214546203U
Application number: CN202120122862.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 连政国; 王家胜; 王东伟; 张成福; 刘峰; 刘鹏; 徐翠云
Original assignee: Gaomi Yifeng Machinery Co ltd; Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Gaomi Yifeng Machinery Co ltd; Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-01-18
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tree seedling ditching planting machine capable of supporting seedlings, which comprises a frame, wherein the lower part of the frame is sequentially provided with a ditching mechanism from front to back, the soil covering machine comprises a soil covering mechanism and a compacting mechanism, wherein a seedling discharging long-strip hole is formed in the rear end of a rack, a seedling discharging mechanism is arranged in the seedling discharging long-strip hole, a seedling supporting mechanism synchronous with the seedling discharging mechanism is correspondingly arranged above the seedling discharging mechanism, a controller is arranged on the rack, the seedling supporting mechanism comprises a positioning plate, an adjusting rod is arranged on the upper portion of the positioning plate, a supporting conveying belt which is opposite to the moving direction of the rack and has the same speed with the rack is arranged at the upper end of the adjusting rod, the supporting conveying belt comprises a supporting plate, a driving roller and a driven roller are arranged on the upper portion of the supporting plate, a supporting motor for providing power for the driving roller is arranged on the lower portion of the supporting plate, the supporting motor is connected with the controller, a supporting belt is sleeved outside the driving roller and the driven roller, and a space for supporting tree seedlings is formed on the opposite inner side of the supporting belt. The utility model discloses can support the sapling, avoid the sapling slope, reduce operating personnel and to the re-support of sapling, reduce intensity of labour.

Description

Sapling ditching planting machine capable of supporting sapling

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sapling ditching planting machine that can hold up seedling.

Background

In the existing orchard planting operation process, the adoption of mechanical production is an effective measure for improving the efficiency and ensuring the product yield. The applicant has already reported related patents for the existing situation, the patent names: a planting machine (application number: 201810925851.5) for a seedling, since the height of the seedling is between 1.5m and 2m, only a seedling dropping mechanism supports the seedling during planting, the seedling is easy to incline, and therefore, two-person operation is needed: one person puts seedlings and one person erects the seedlings; the labor force is wasted, the labor intensity is increased, and meanwhile, the seedling falling speed of the saplings can be influenced when the saplings are manually supported, so that the accuracy of sapling planting is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a sapling ditching planting machine of seedling can be supported, avoids the sapling slope, has reduced operating personnel and has reduced intensity of labour to the re-support of sapling.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model comprises a frame, the lower part of the frame is provided with a ditching mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a compacting mechanism from front to back in sequence, the rear end of the frame is provided with a lower seedling strip hole which is arranged from back to front, a lower seedling mechanism which is arranged between the ditching mechanism and the earthing mechanism is arranged in the lower seedling strip hole, the utility model has the structural characteristics that a seedling mechanism which is synchronous with the lower seedling mechanism is correspondingly arranged above the lower seedling mechanism, a controller which is used for controlling the seedling mechanism and the lower seedling mechanism is arranged on the frame, the seedling mechanism comprises positioning plates which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the lower seedling strip hole, the upper part of each positioning plate is provided with an adjusting rod, the upper end of each adjusting rod is provided with a straightening conveying belt which is opposite to the moving direction of the frame and has the same speed, each straightening conveying belt comprises a straightening plate, the upper part of each straightening plate is provided with a driving roller and a driven roller, the lower part of the righting plate is provided with a righting motor which provides power for the driving roller, the righting motor is connected with the controller, a righting belt is sleeved outside the driving roller and the driven roller, and the opposite inner side of the righting belt forms a space for righting the saplings.

After the structure is adopted, when the seedling is released, the seedling support mechanism can support the seedling, the seedling support mechanism and the seedling release mechanism synchronously operate, the seedling support mechanism cannot influence the seedling releasing speed of the seedling in the seedling release mechanism, the adjusting rod can be properly adjusted according to the length of the seedling, the bark abrasion of the seedling possibly caused by stress concentration is avoided, the seedling is supported by the support belt and the seedling release mechanism in a matching way, the seedling is prevented from inclining, the re-support of the seedling by an operator is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the speed of the support belt is the same as that of the rack, the operation direction of the rack is opposite, so that the relative position of the seedling is ensured to be fixed, when the seedling is placed on the seedling release mechanism and the seedling support mechanism, the seedling has an initial speed of forward movement due to the forward movement of the rack, and the operation speeds of the seedling release mechanism and the seedling support mechanism in opposite directions are in a relatively static state, the initial speed of the sapling is zero when the sapling is planted, thereby ensuring the accuracy of planting.

The righting belt comprises a belt body, a righting friction layer is arranged on the outer side, opposite to the belt body, of the belt body, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the outer portion of the righting friction layer, bristles are inserted into the mounting holes, and the inner ends of the bristles are adhered to the inner wall of the mounting holes.

The righting plate is provided with a tensioning roller capable of sliding along the front and back directions of the righting plate, and the righting belt is sleeved on the tensioning roller.

The adjusting rod is an electric push rod, the lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly mounted on the positioning plate, the power output end of the adjusting rod is connected with the centering plate, the positioning plate is slidably mounted on the rack, a positioning rod is arranged on the opposite outer side of the positioning plate, and the power output end of the positioning rod is connected with the opposite outer side of the positioning plate.

The ditching mechanism is including installing the transmission case in the frame, the transmission case is connected with the power of the power device that gos forward, the lower part of transmission case is rotated and is installed the ditching dish, the ditching dish is fitted with a contraceptive ring and is equipped with a plurality of ditching swoves, the ditching sword is the crooked shape setting and can outwards water conservancy diversion soil.

The frame at transmission case rear portion is equipped with the support seedling box that upper end and rear end opening set up, the left and right sides width that holds in the palm the seedling box is not more than the slot that the ditching sword opened out.

The soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rack, the soil covering plates are obliquely arranged from the outer side of the seedling supporting box to the middle position of the rack, the soil covering plates are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the overlooking direction, and narrow openings at the rear ends of the soil covering plates are positioned between the compacting mechanisms of the ditching mechanism.

The compacting mechanism comprises a connecting arm which can be arranged at the rear end of the rack in a swinging mode, the connecting arm is symmetrically arranged along the rack, a rotating shaft penetrates through the end portion of the connecting arm, a mounting seat which is obliquely arranged is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the compacting wheel is obliquely and rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft through the mounting seat in an angle.

Seedling mechanism locates including the symmetry down the downthehole lower seedling area of seedling rectangular, seedling area follows down the length direction in seedling rectangular hole sets up down, seedling area is including establishing down the first follow driving wheel of seedling rectangular hole front end and establishing down the second of seedling rectangular hole rear end is from the driving wheel, first be equipped with down the seedling motor on the inner wall in seedling rectangular hole down at follow driving wheel rear portion, lower seedling motor with the controller is connected, first follow driving wheel the second from the driving wheel with the cover is equipped with down the seedling area on the power output shaft of seedling motor down.

The second rotates from the driving wheel and installs the swinging arms, the tip of swinging arms rotates and installs the swinging wheels, be equipped with the flexible power spare of drive swinging arms wobbling on the inner wall in seedling rectangular hole down, the power take off end of flexible power spare with the middle part of swinging arms is articulated, be equipped with on the swinging arms and stir the part, flexible power spare with stir the part all with the controller is connected.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction a-a of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1-a frame, 2-a traction seat, 3-a seedling dropping elongated hole, 4-a controller, 5-a transmission case, 6-a ditching disc, 7-a ditching cutter, 8-a seedling supporting box, 9-a soil covering plate, 10-a connecting arm, 11-a compacting wheel, 12-a seedling dropping belt, 13-a first driven wheel, 14-a second driven wheel, 15-a seedling dropping motor, 16-a swinging rod, 17-a swinging wheel, 18-a telescopic power part, 19-a positioning plate, 20-a positioning rod, 21-a regulating rod, 22-a centering plate, 23-a centering motor, 24-a centering belt, 25-bristles, 26-a driving roller, 27-a driven roller and 28-a tensioning roller.

Detailed Description

For convenience of description, the right direction of fig. 1 is taken as the front, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of fig. 1 is taken as the right direction. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the ditching and planting machine for saplings capable of supporting saplings comprises a frame 1, wherein a traction seat 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the arrangement position of the traction seat 2 corresponds to the position of the traction seat 2 of a power device, a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism and a compacting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the lower portion of the frame 1 from front to back, a lower sapling strip hole 3 which is formed from back to front is formed in the rear end of the frame 1, a lower sapling mechanism which is located between the ditching mechanism and the soil covering mechanism is arranged in the lower sapling strip hole 3, and a controller 4 is arranged on the frame 1.

The ditching mechanism comprises a transmission case 5 arranged on a rack 1, the transmission case 5 is in power connection with a power device which moves forward, a ditching disc 6 is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the transmission case 5, as the needed groove is large when the saplings are planted, the ditching disc 6 is symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side (not shown in the figure) of the transmission case 5 through a bearing, a plurality of ditching knives 7 are arranged on the ditching disc 6 in a ring manner, the ditching knives 7 are arranged in a bent manner and can guide the flow of the soil outwards, and the specific structure and the principle of the ditching knives 7 are stated in the previously-applied patent (the patent name: ditching device of a garden management machine, application number: 201821028356.6), and are not repeated as the prior art. The transmission case 5 can convert the power of the power device which moves forwards into the power for rotating the ditching disc 6. The frame 1 at the rear of the transmission case 5 is provided with a seedling supporting box 8 with an upper end and a rear end opening, and the left width and the right width of the seedling supporting box 8 are not larger than grooves formed by the ditching cutter 7. Ask seedling box 8 to provide the bearing for the sapling, can avoid the whereabouts of the slot both sides soil block of ditching sword 7 division through asking seedling box 8. The soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates 9 which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rack 1, the soil covering plates 9 are obliquely arranged from the outer side of the seedling supporting box 8 to the middle position of the rack 1, the soil covering plates 9 are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the overlooking direction, and narrow openings at the rear ends of the soil covering plates 9 are positioned between the compacting mechanisms of the ditching mechanism. The soil on the two sides of the groove can be backfilled by the soil covering plate 9, and the splayed soil is convenient to backfill gradually, so that the saplings are fixed in the groove, and the saplings are planted. The rear end of frame 1 is equipped with compacting mechanism, compacting mechanism is including can swinging the linking arm 10 of installing in frame 1 rear end, and linking arm 10 sets up along frame 1 symmetry, wear to be equipped with the pivot on the tip of linking arm 10, be equipped with the mount pad that the slope set up in the pivot, compaction wheel 11 through the mount pad become an angle slope rotate install in the pivot, the slope installation of here compaction wheel 11 is that the lower part of compaction wheel 11 draws close to relative inboard to carry out the compaction to the slot of backfilling, thereby realize the planting to the sapling.

Foretell seedling mechanism is including the symmetry locate seedling area 12 down in the seedling rectangular hole 3 down, seedling area 12 is followed down the length direction setting of seedling rectangular hole 3 down, seedling area 12 is including establishing the first from driving wheel 13 and establishing of 3 front ends of seedling rectangular hole down the second of 3 rear ends of seedling rectangular hole is from driving wheel 14 down, first be equipped with seedling motor 15 down on the inner wall of seedling rectangular hole 3 down from driving wheel 13 rear portion, seedling motor 15 down with controller 4 connects, first from driving wheel 13 the second from driving wheel 14 with the cover is equipped with seedling area 12 down on the power output shaft of seedling motor 15 down. The first driven wheel 13 and the second driven wheel 14 can be arranged on the inner wall of the seedling descending long-strip hole 3 through a telescopic component, and the seedling-dropping belt 12 can be sleeved with a seedling-sending tension wheel (not shown in the figure), that is, the distance between the first driven wheels 13 can be adjusted and the distance between the second driven wheels 14 can be adjusted, thereby being suitable for the saplings with different outer diameters, the running speed of the seedling discharging belt 12 is the same as that of the power device at the front part of the frame 1, the running direction is opposite, the second driven wheel 14 is rotatably provided with a swinging rod 16, the end part of the swinging rod 16 is rotatably provided with a swinging wheel 17, the inner wall of the seedling-feeding long-strip hole 3 is provided with a telescopic power part 18 for driving the swinging rod 16 to swing, the power output end of the telescopic power piece 18 is hinged with the middle part of the swing rod 16, a shifting part is arranged on the swing rod 16, and the telescopic power piece 18 and the shifting part are both connected with the controller 4. The telescopic power part 18 can be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod, in the embodiment, the telescopic power part 18 adopts the electric push rod, the power of the electric push rod can be from a lithium battery (not shown in the figure) arranged on the frame 1, compared with the air cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder, the components required by the electric push rod are relatively simple, and the cost is low, so the telescopic power part 18 of the planting machine adopts the electric push rod; the toggle component is a toggle rod which is rotatably arranged on the swinging rod 16, and a motor which is in power connection with the toggle rod is connected with the controller 4. Stir the part and stir the sapling and send into seedling area 12 down, along with the operation of seedling area 12 down, the sapling is in relative quiescent state, thereby the sapling can not remove along with the removal of transplanter when can guaranteeing to descend the seedling, avoid appearing dragging emergence of seedling, but the length of sapling is between 1.5m to 2m, only lean on the fixed unable realization of seedling area 12 down to the sapling fixed, need artifical rightting this moment, artifical rightting can influence the speed that the sapling was in seedling area 12 down, the human cost has been increased on the one hand, on the other hand also influences the accuracy that the sapling was planted.

In order to solve the problem of seedling straightening, the applicant correspondingly arranges a seedling straightening mechanism which is synchronous with the seedling straightening mechanism above the seedling straightening mechanism, the seedling straightening mechanism comprises positioning plates 19 which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the seedling elongated hole 3, the positioning plates 19 are slidably arranged on the frame 1, positioning rods 20 are arranged on the opposite outer sides of the positioning plates 19, and the power output ends of the positioning rods 20 are connected with the opposite outer sides of the positioning plates 19. The distance between the positioning plates 19 can be adjusted by the extension and contraction of the power output ends of the positioning rods 20, so that the positioning rods can adapt to saplings with different outer diameters, the outer sides and the inner sides are defined relative to the distance close to the front center line and the rear center line of the rack 1, the inner side is close to the front center line and the rear center line of the rack 1, and the outer side is far away from the front center line and the rear center line of the rack 1; the upper portion of locating plate 19 is equipped with adjusts the pole 21, it is electric putter to adjust pole 21, the lower extreme fixed mounting of adjusting pole 21 in on the locating plate 19, the power take off end of adjusting pole 21 with right the board 22 and be connected, the upper end of adjusting pole 21 is equipped with and rights the conveyer belt with frame 1 moving direction is opposite and the same speed, and the height of righting the conveyer belt can be adjusted in the regulation of adjusting pole 21 to adapt to the not sapling of co-altitude, avoid stress concentration to cause the wearing and tearing of sapling bark. The centralizing conveying belt comprises a centralizing plate 22, a driving roller 26, a driven roller 27 and a tensioning roller 28 are arranged on the upper portion of the centralizing plate 22, a centralizing motor 23 for providing power for the driving roller 26 is arranged on the lower portion of the centralizing plate 22, the centralizing motor 23 is connected with the controller 4, a centralizing belt 24 is sleeved outside the driving roller 26 and the driven roller 27, and a space for centralizing saplings is formed inside the centralizing belt 24. The righting belt 24 comprises a belt body, a righting friction layer is arranged on the outer side, opposite to the belt body, of the belt body, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the outer portion of the righting friction layer, bristles 25 are inserted into the mounting holes, and the inner ends of the bristles 25 are adhered to the inner wall of the mounting holes. The bristles 25 on the righting friction layer can be installed in other modes, binding can be carried out by adopting a binding rope or direct integral pressing forming is carried out, but the installation mode of the bristles 25 on the righting friction layer is relatively simple, the production cost is reduced, and subsequent replacement is facilitated; the righting plate 22 is provided with a tensioning roller 28 capable of sliding along the front and back directions of the righting plate 22, the righting belt 24 is sleeved on the tensioning roller 28, the tensioning roller 28 can tension the righting belt 24 according to actual conditions, an operator rights the saplings by adjusting the distance between the righting belts 24, and the bristles 25 can reduce the abrasion to the surfaces of the saplings and can also play a righting role.

When the utility model is used, firstly, the distance between the height of the seedling support mechanism and the positioning plate 19 is adjusted according to the actual height of the seedling, then the planting machine is connected with the power device which advances, an operator places the seedling on the seedling support box 8, the stirring component stirs the seedling under the control of the controller 4 to enable the seedling to simultaneously enter between the support conveyer belt and between the seedling support belt 12, because the seedling support mechanism and the seedling support mechanism run synchronously, the support conveyer belt can not influence the conveying speed of the seedling in the seedling support belt 12, because the frame 1 moves forwards, the seedling sent out from the seedling support box 8 has the forward initial speed, the support conveyer belt and the seedling support belt 12 have the speed which is the same as the forward speed of the frame 1 and has the opposite movement direction, thereby the seedling is in the relative static state, the accuracy of the seedling support is ensured, and the phenomenon that the root of the seedling is damaged due to the seedling support is avoided, the two positions of the sapling are relatively fixed by the righting belt 24 and the sapling dropping belt 12, so that the sapling is prevented from inclining, the number of operators is reduced, the re-support of the sapling by the operators is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Claims

1. A sapling ditching and planting machine capable of supporting saplings comprises a machine frame (1), wherein a ditching mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a compacting mechanism are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the machine frame (1) from front to back, a lower sapling strip hole (3) which is formed from back to front is formed in the rear end of the machine frame (1), a lower sapling mechanism which is located between the ditching mechanism and the earthing mechanism is arranged in the lower sapling strip hole (3), the ditching and planting machine is characterized in that a sapling supporting mechanism which is synchronous with the lower sapling mechanism is correspondingly arranged above the lower sapling mechanism, a controller (4) which is used for controlling the sapling supporting mechanism and the lower sapling mechanism is arranged on the machine frame (1), the sapling supporting mechanism comprises positioning plates (19) which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the lower sapling strip hole (3), adjusting rods (21) are arranged at the upper parts of the positioning plates (19), a supporting conveyor belt which has the same speed and is opposite to the moving direction of the machine frame (1) is arranged at the upper ends of the adjusting rods (21), the conveyor belt comprises a righting plate (22), a driving roller (26) and a driven roller (27) are arranged on the upper portion of the righting plate (22), a righting motor (23) for providing power for the driving roller (26) is arranged on the lower portion of the righting plate (22), the righting motor (23) is connected with the controller (4), a righting belt (24) is sleeved outside the driving roller (26) and the driven roller (27), and the relative inner side of the righting belt (24) forms a space for righting tree seedlings.

2. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: the righting belt (24) comprises a belt body, a righting friction layer is arranged on the outer side, relative to the belt body, of the belt body, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the outer portion of the righting friction layer, bristles (25) are inserted into the mounting holes, and the inner ends of the bristles (25) are adhered to the inner wall of the mounting holes.

3. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: the straightening plate (22) is provided with a tensioning roller (28) capable of sliding along the front and back directions of the straightening plate (22), and the straightening belt (24) is sleeved on the tensioning roller (28).

4. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: the adjusting rod (21) is an electric push rod, the lower end of the adjusting rod (21) is fixedly mounted on the positioning plate (19), the power output end of the adjusting rod (21) is connected with the righting plate (22), the positioning plate (19) is slidably mounted on the rack (1), a positioning rod (20) is arranged on the outer side, opposite to the positioning plate (19), of the positioning rod (20), and the power output end of the positioning rod (20) is connected with the outer side, opposite to the positioning plate (19).

5. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: ditching mechanism is including installing transmission case (5) in frame (1), transmission case (5) are connected with the power device power that moves ahead, the lower part of transmission case (5) is rotated and is installed ditching dish (6), ditching dish (6) are fitted with a contraceptive ring and are equipped with a plurality of ditching swoves (7), ditching sword (7) are the bending form setting and can outwards water conservancy diversion soil.

6. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 5, wherein: the seedling support box (8) with the upper end and the rear end provided with an opening are arranged on the frame (1) at the rear part of the transmission case (5), and the left width and the right width of the seedling support box (8) are not larger than grooves formed by the ditching cutter (7).

7. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: the soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates (9) which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rack (1), the soil covering plates (9) are obliquely arranged from the outer side of the seedling supporting box (8) to the middle position of the rack (1), the soil covering plates (9) are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the overlooking direction, and the narrow openings at the rear ends of the soil covering plates (9) are positioned between the compacting mechanisms of the ditching mechanism.

8. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: compacting mechanism is including can swinging linking arm (10) of installing in frame (1) rear end, and linking arm (10) set up along frame (1) symmetry, wear to be equipped with the pivot on the tip of linking arm (10), be equipped with the mount pad that the slope set up in the pivot, become an angle slope through the mount pad in the pivot and rotate and install compaction wheel (11).

9. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 1, wherein: seedling mechanism is located including the symmetry down seedling area (12) in seedling rectangular hole (3) down, seedling area (12) are followed down the length direction setting of seedling rectangular hole (3) down, seedling area (12) are including establishing down the first of seedling rectangular hole (3) front end from driving wheel (13) with establish down the second of seedling rectangular hole (3) rear end is from driving wheel (14), be equipped with down seedling motor (15) on the inner wall of first lower seedling rectangular hole (3) from driving wheel (13) rear portion, seedling motor (15) down with controller (4) are connected, first from driving wheel (13) the second from driving wheel (14) and the cover is equipped with down seedling area (12) on the power output shaft of seedling motor (15) down.

10. The ditching planter for saplings of claim 9, wherein: the second rotates from driving wheel (14) and installs swinging arms (16), the tip of swinging arms (16) rotates and installs swinging wheels (17), be equipped with drive swinging arms (16) wobbling flexible power spare (18) on the inner wall of seedling rectangular hole (3) down, the power take off end of flexible power spare (18) with the middle part of swinging arms (16) is articulated, be equipped with on swinging arms (16) and stir the part, flexible power spare (18) with stir the part all with controller (4) are connected.