CN213961116U

CN213961116U - Fruit tree ditching and planting machine capable of automatically discharging seedlings

Info

Publication number: CN213961116U
Application number: CN202022327675.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张成福; 张�杰; 郭辉; 刘鹏; 刘峰; 徐勇; 徐翠云
Original assignee: Gaomi Yifeng Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Gaomi Yifeng Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-19
Filing date: 2020-10-19
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic fruit tree ditching transplanter of seedling down, the frame is from being equipped with ditching mechanism backward in proper order, seedling mechanism, earthing mechanism and compacting mechanism, the frame upper portion on the upper reaches of seedling mechanism is equipped with send seedling mechanism, send seedling mechanism including the seedling tray of locating frame upper portion, the anterior tilt up setting of seedling tray, seedling tray's ring all around is equipped with holds up the seedling frame, seedling tray's rear end is equipped with and send the seedling area, the left and right sides of sending the seedling area is equipped with the limiting plate, the distance of the relative inboard of limiting plate is only for a tree seedling to pass through, the front end of sending the seedling area is equipped with dials the seedling part, dial the seedling part including the symmetry establish sending the seedling area both sides dial the seedling tray, dial the seedling tray and fit with a contraceptive ring and be equipped with a plurality of seedling grooves of dialling that extend to the center, the lower part of frame is equipped with the seedling motor is dialled to drive seedling tray pivoted. The utility model discloses can realize automatic planting sapling, and the plant spacing is even, has reduced the cost of labor and has reduced intensity of labour.

Description

Fruit tree ditching and planting machine capable of automatically discharging seedlings

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automatic fruit tree ditching planting machine of seedling down.

Background

In the existing orchard planting operation process, the adoption of mechanical production is an effective measure for improving the efficiency and ensuring the product yield. The applicant has already reported related patents for the existing situation, the patent names: a planting machine (application number: 201810925851.5) for a seedling, since the height of the seedling is between 1.5 m and 2 m, only a seedling dropping mechanism supports the seedling during planting, the seedling is easy to incline, and therefore, two-person operation is needed: one person puts seedlings and one person erects the seedlings; the labor force is wasted, and the labor intensity is increased; meanwhile, when the device is used for ditching, the ditch formed by the ditching cutter is easily backfilled by soil on two sides, so that the planting depth of the saplings is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an automatic fruit tree ditching planting machine of seedling down can realize automatic tree seedling of planting, and the plant spacing is even, has reduced the cost of labor and has reduced intensity of labour.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model comprises a frame, wherein the frame is sequentially provided with a ditching mechanism, a seedling mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a compacting mechanism from front to back, the structure is characterized in that a seedling conveying mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the frame at the upstream of the seedling mechanism, the seedling conveying mechanism comprises a seedling carrying tray arranged at the upper part of the frame, the front part of the seedling carrying tray is arranged in an upward inclined way, seedling supporting frames are annularly arranged at the periphery of the seedling carrying tray, a seedling conveying belt is arranged at the rear end of the seedling carrying tray, limiting plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the seedling conveying belt, the distance between the opposite inner sides of the limiting plates is only limited to one seedling to pass through, the front end of the seedling conveying belt is provided with a seedling poking component which comprises seedling poking discs symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the seedling conveying belt, the seedling pulling disc is provided with a plurality of seedling pulling grooves extending towards the center in an annular mode, and the lower portion of the rack is provided with a seedling pulling motor for driving the seedling pulling disc to rotate.

After the structure is adopted, an operator firstly places the saplings on the seedling carrying tray, because the seedling carrying tray is obliquely arranged, the saplings are in a downward inclined state, the seedling supporting frame can support the saplings at the moment, the oblique falling-off of the planting machine is avoided, the seedling pulling tray can pull each sapling in sequence to the seedling conveying belt, meanwhile, the limiting plate of the seedling conveying belt can only pass through one seedling, the seedling falling one by one is ensured, the seedling poking motor can provide power for the rotation of the seedling poking disc, the seedling poking groove of the seedling poking disc can poke the seedling, meanwhile, the seedlings enter the seedling conveying belt one by one, the ditching mechanism is used for ditching, the seedlings conveyed by the seedling conveying belt fall into the grooves through the seedling mechanism to be planted, the soil covering mechanism is used for backfilling the grooves, and the compacting mechanism is used for compacting the grooves, so that the automatic planting of the seedlings is realized, the plant spacing is uniform, the labor cost is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.

One of them dial seedling dish demountable installation in dial on the power output shaft of seedling motor, another dial seedling dish demountable installation on the driven shaft, the driven shaft with the power output shaft who dials the seedling motor passes through the belt and connects, power output shaft with be equipped with the locking cap that is used for fixed seedling dish of dialling on the driven shaft, power output shaft with the driven shaft all with dial seedling dish key-type connection.

Four seedling pulling grooves are formed in the seedling pulling plate, the seedling pulling grooves in the seedling pulling plate are arranged in a semicircular shape, and the seedling pulling grooves in the two seedling pulling plates form a space for pulling the seedlings.

Send the rear end in seedling area to be equipped with down the feed cylinder, the cross-section semicircular in shape of feed cylinder down, the uncovered setting backward of feed cylinder down, the lateral wall fixed mounting of feed cylinder is in the frame down, the upper end correspondence of feed cylinder is located send the unloading end in seedling area, the lower extreme correspondence of feed cylinder is located down the feed end of seedling mechanism.

The ditching mechanism comprises a ditching disc and a ditching plow which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the ditching disc is provided with a plurality of ditching knives which are arranged in a bending manner and can guide soil outwards, the ditching disc is in power connection with a forward power device through a transmission case, and the ditching plow is fixedly arranged on the lower portion of the rack.

The soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates symmetrically arranged on the rack, the soil covering plates are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the overlooking direction, and narrow openings of the soil covering plates are positioned at the rear end of the rack.

The compaction mechanism comprises connecting arms symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the rack, the front ends of the connecting arms are hinged to the rear end of the rack, compaction wheels are rotatably arranged at the rear ends of the connecting arms, and the lower ends of the compaction wheels are obliquely arranged towards the middle.

Seedling rectangular hole has been seted up down to the rear end of frame, seedling mechanism locates including the symmetry down the downthehole seedling area of seedling rectangular, seedling area is followed down the length direction in seedling rectangular hole sets up down, seedling area is including establishing down the first of seedling rectangular hole front end is followed the driving wheel and is established down the second of seedling rectangular hole rear end is from the driving wheel, first be equipped with down the seedling motor on the inner wall in seedling rectangular hole down at driving wheel rear portion, lower seedling motor with the controller is connected, first from the driving wheel the second from the driving wheel with the cover is equipped with down the seedling area down on the power output shaft of seedling motor down.

The second rotates from the driving wheel and installs the swinging arms, the tip of swinging arms rotates installs the swinging arms, the swing of swinging arms can the centre gripping sapling in the feed cylinder down, be equipped with the flexible power spare of drive swinging arms wobbling on the inner wall in seedling rectangular hole down, the power take off end of flexible power spare with the middle part of swinging arms is articulated, be equipped with on the swinging arms and stir the part, flexible power spare with stir the part all with the controller is connected.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction B-B of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1-a frame, 2-a traction seat, 3-a seedling dropping long hole, 4-a controller, 5-a transmission case, 6-a ditching disc, 7-a ditching cutter, 8-a ditching plow, 9-a covering plate, 10-a connecting arm, 11-a compacting wheel, 12-a seedling dropping belt, 13-a first driven wheel, 14-a second driven wheel, 15-a seedling dropping motor, 16-a swinging rod, 17-a swinging wheel, 18-a telescopic power part, 19-a seedling carrying disc, 20-a seedling support frame, 21-a seedling conveying belt and 22-a seedling pulling disc. 23-seedling pulling groove, 24-fixing cap, 25-seedling pulling motor and 26-charging barrel.

Detailed Description

For convenience of description, the right direction of fig. 1 is taken as the front, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of fig. 1 is taken as the right direction. Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the fruit tree ditching and planting machine capable of automatically sowing seedlings comprises a frame 1, wherein a traction seat 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the arrangement position of the traction seat 2 corresponds to the position of the traction seat 2 of a power device, a ditching mechanism, a seedling mechanism, a soil covering mechanism and a compacting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from front to back, and a controller 4 is arranged on the frame 1. The ditching mechanism comprises a ditching disc 6 and a ditching plough 8 which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the ditching disc 6 is provided with a plurality of ditching knives 7 which are arranged in a bending manner and can guide soil outwards, the ditching disc 6 is in power connection with a power device which moves ahead through a transmission case 5, and the ditching plough 8 is fixedly arranged on the lower portion of the rack 1. The specific structure and principle of the trenching knife 7 are stated in the previously filed patent (patent name: ditching device for orchard management machine, application number: 201821028356.6), and are not described herein in detail as the prior art. The ditching plow 8 can carry out secondary ditching to the soil of backfilling and guarantee the degree of depth of slot to guarantee the planting effect of sapling. The soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates 9 symmetrically arranged on the rack 1, the soil covering plates 9 are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the overlooking direction, and narrow openings of the soil covering plates 9 are positioned at the rear end of the rack 1. The soil on the two sides of the groove can be backfilled by the soil covering plate 9, and the splayed soil is convenient to backfill gradually, so that the saplings are fixed in the groove, and the saplings are planted. The compacting mechanism comprises connecting arms 10 symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the rack 1, the front ends of the connecting arms 10 are hinged to the rear end of the rack 1, compacting wheels 11 are rotatably arranged at the rear ends of the connecting arms 10, and the lower ends of the compacting wheels 11 are obliquely arranged towards the middle. The pivot is worn to be equipped with on the tip of linking arm 10, be equipped with the mount pad that the slope set up in the pivot, compaction wheel 11 through the mount pad become an angle slope rotate install in the pivot, the slope installation of here compaction wheel 11 is that the lower part of compaction wheel 11 draws close to relative inboard to carry out the compaction to the ditch groove of backfilling, thereby realize the planting to the sapling. Seedling rectangular hole 3 down has been seted up to the rear end of frame 1, seedling mechanism is located including the symmetry seedling area 12 down in the seedling rectangular hole 3 down, seedling area 12 is followed seedling rectangular hole 3's length direction sets up down, seedling area 12 is including establishing down the first of 3 front ends of seedling rectangular hole is followed driving wheel 13 and is established the second of 3 rear ends of seedling rectangular hole is followed driving wheel 14 down, be equipped with seedling motor 15 down on the first inner wall of seedling rectangular hole 3 down at 13 rear portions of following driving wheel, seedling motor 15 down with controller 4 connects, first follow driving wheel 13 the second from driving wheel 14 with seedling motor 15 down is overlapped on the power output shaft and is equipped with seedling area 12 down. The first driven wheel 13 and the second driven wheel 14 can be mounted on the inner wall of the seedling elongated hole 3 through telescopic parts, and a seedling feeding tension wheel (not shown in the figure) can be sleeved on the seedling belt 12, namely, the distance between the first driven wheel 13 and the distance between the second driven wheel 14 can be adjusted, so that the seedling belt is suitable for saplings with different outer diameters, and the running speed of the seedling belt 12 is the same as that of a power device at the front part of the frame 1 and the running direction of the seedling belt is opposite. The second is rotated from driving wheel 14 and is installed swinging arms 16, swinging arms 16's tip is rotated and is installed swinging wheels 17, swinging wheels 17's swing can the centre gripping sapling in the feed cylinder 26 down, be equipped with the flexible power spare 18 of drive swinging arms 16 wobbling on the inner wall of seedling rectangular hole 3 down, the power take off end of flexible power spare 18 with swinging arms 16's middle part is articulated, be equipped with toggle part on swinging arms 16, flexible power spare 18 with toggle part all with controller 4 connects. The power output end of the telescopic power piece 18 is hinged with the middle part of the swing rod 16, a shifting part is arranged on the swing rod 16, and the telescopic power piece 18 and the shifting part are both connected with the controller 4. The telescopic power part 18 can be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod, in the embodiment, the telescopic power part 18 adopts the electric push rod, the power of the electric push rod can be from a lithium battery (not shown in the figure) arranged on the frame 1, compared with the air cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder, the components required by the electric push rod are relatively simple, and the cost is low, so the telescopic power part 18 of the planting machine adopts the electric push rod; the toggle component is a toggle rod which is rotatably arranged on the swinging rod 16, and a motor which is in power connection with the toggle rod is connected with the controller 4. The poking component pokes the sapling to be sent into the seedling dropping belt 12, and along with the operation of the seedling dropping belt 12, the sapling is in a relatively static state, so that the sapling can not move along with the movement of the planting machine when the sapling is dropped, and the occurrence of seedling dragging is avoided. However, in the prior art, because the height of the sapling is 1.5 m to 2 m, only the seedling discharging mechanism supports the sapling during planting, the sapling is easy to incline, and therefore, two-person operation is needed: one person puts seedlings and one person erects the seedlings; the labor force is wasted, and the labor intensity is increased.

For solving the problem of automatic seedling down, this application is in 1 upper portion of frame in the upper reaches of seedling mechanism is equipped with send seedling mechanism, send seedling mechanism including locating 1 upper portion of frame carries seedling tray 19, carry the anterior tilt up setting of seedling tray 19, carry the seedling tray 19 all around to encircle and be equipped with and hold up seedling frame 20, the rear end that carries seedling tray 19 is equipped with and send seedling area 21, send the left and right sides of seedling area 21 to be equipped with the limiting plate, the distance of the relative inboard of limiting plate is only passed through for a tree seedling, the front end that sends seedling area 21 is equipped with dials the seedling part, dial the seedling part including the symmetry establish send seedling area both sides dial seedling tray 22, dial seedling tray 22 and fit with a contraceptive ring and be equipped with a plurality of seedling groove 23 of dialling, the lower part of frame 1 is equipped with the seedling motor 25 that the seedling tray 22 pivoted was dialled in the drive, dials seedling motor 25 and controller 4 and is connected, and the seedling motor 25 of dialling here is gear motor, because the distance between the saplings is large, the time interval of the seedling conveying mechanism for conveying the saplings is large, the stirring interval of the saplings by the seedling stirring motor 25 needs to be adjusted, and therefore the rotating speed of the seedling stirring motor 25 is reduced to adjust the stirring interval of the saplings. One of them dial seedling tray 22 demountable installation in dial on the power output shaft of seedling motor 25, another dial seedling tray 22 demountable installation on the driven shaft, the driven shaft with the power output shaft who dials seedling motor 25 passes through the belt and connects, power output shaft with be equipped with the locking cap 24 that is used for fixed seedling tray 22 of dialling on the driven shaft, power output shaft with the driven shaft all with dial seedling tray 22 key-type connection. That dial seedling tray 22 and can install according to the actual conditions of sapling, be equipped with on power output shaft and the driven shaft and be used for fixed seedling tray 22 on power output shaft's locking cap 24 of dialling, power output shaft and driven shaft all with dial seedling tray 22 key-type connection, power output shaft and driven shaft also can adopt other connected modes with the being connected of dialling seedling tray 22, for example pin joint or threaded connection, the operational environment dust at planting machine place is more, adopt threaded connection to appear dust easily and block up the screw thread influence and dismantle and use, the pin joint can be followed the outside and got into the dismantlement that the pinhole influences the round pin axle, consequently adopts the key-type connection. Send seedling area 21's rear end to be equipped with down feed cylinder 26, the cross-section semicircular in shape of feed cylinder 26 down, feed cylinder 26 sets up to uncovered backward, the lateral wall fixed mounting of feed cylinder 26 is in frame 1, the upper end correspondence of feed cylinder 26 is located send seedling area 21's unloading end, the lower extreme correspondence of feed cylinder 26 is located the feed end of seedling mechanism. The lower charging barrel 26 can facilitate the falling of the sapling towards the lower seedling belt 12, and the sapling is prevented from inclining towards the front of the rack 1.

When the utility model is used, the planting machine is connected with the power device, the operator firstly places the sapling on the seedling carrying tray 19, because the seedling carrying tray 19 is arranged obliquely, the sapling is in a downward inclined state, the seedling holding frame 20 can support the sapling at the moment, the planting machine is prevented from being pulled out obliquely, the seedling pulling tray 22 can pull each sapling in turn to feed the seedling belt 21, the seedling pulling tray 22 can be adjusted and installed according to the diameter of the sapling, the limiting plate of the seedling feeding belt 21 can only pass through one sapling, the sapling falls one by one, the seedling pulling motor 25 can provide power for the rotation of the seedling pulling tray 22, the seedling pulling groove 23 of the seedling pulling tray 22 can pull the sapling open, simultaneously, the sapling enters the seedling feeding belt 21 one by one, the ditching mechanism opens a groove, the sapling conveyed by the seedling feeding belt 21 falls into the groove of the seedling mechanism, the backfilling mechanism groove and the compacting mechanism are used for compacting the sapling, the automatic planting of the saplings is realized, the planting distance is uniform, the labor cost is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Claims

1. A fruit tree ditching and planting machine capable of automatically discharging seedlings comprises a machine frame (1), wherein a ditching mechanism, a seedling mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a compacting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the machine frame (1) from front to back, and the fruit tree ditching and planting machine is characterized in that a seedling conveying mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the machine frame (1) at the upstream of the seedling mechanism, the seedling conveying mechanism comprises a seedling carrying disc (19) arranged on the upper portion of the machine frame (1), the front portion of the seedling carrying disc (19) is arranged in an upward inclined mode, seedling supporting frames (20) are annularly arranged on the periphery of the seedling carrying disc (19), a seedling conveying belt (21) is arranged at the rear end of the seedling carrying disc (19), limiting plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the seedling conveying belt (21), the distance between the opposite inner sides of the limiting plates is limited to only allowing one tree seedling to pass through, seedling stirring components are arranged at the front end of the seedling conveying belt (21), and the seedling stirring components comprise seedling stirring discs (22) symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the seedling conveying belt, dial seedling tray (22) and encircle a contraceptive ring and be equipped with a plurality of seedling grooves (23) of dialling that extend to the center, the lower part of frame (1) is equipped with the drive and dials seedling tray (22) pivoted and dials seedling motor (25).

2. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine capable of automatically discharging seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein one of said seedling-poking discs (22) is detachably mounted on a power output shaft of said seedling-poking motor (25), the other one of said seedling-poking discs (22) is detachably mounted on a driven shaft, said driven shaft is connected with the power output shaft of said seedling-poking motor (25) through a belt, fixing caps (24) for fixing the seedling-poking discs (22) are arranged on said power output shaft and said driven shaft, and both said power output shaft and said driven shaft are connected with said seedling-poking discs (22) in a key manner.

3. The ditching planter for fruit trees with automatic seedling discharging of claim 2, wherein four seedling pulling grooves (23) are arranged on the seedling pulling tray (22), the seedling pulling grooves (23) on the seedling pulling tray (22) are arranged in a semicircular shape, and the seedling pulling grooves (23) on the two seedling pulling trays (22) form a space for pulling the seedlings.

4. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine capable of automatically discharging seedlings as claimed in claim 3, wherein a discharging barrel (26) is provided at the rear end of the seedling conveying belt (21), the section of the discharging barrel (26) is semicircular, the discharging barrel (26) is open towards the rear, the side wall of the discharging barrel (26) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), the upper end of the discharging barrel (26) is correspondingly provided at the discharging end of the seedling conveying belt (21), and the lower end of the discharging barrel (26) is correspondingly provided at the feeding end of the seedling mechanism.

5. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine with automatic seedling sowing of claim 1, characterized in that the furrowing mechanism comprises a furrowing disc (6) and a furrowing plough (8) which are sequentially arranged from front to back, a plurality of furrowing knives (7) which are arranged in a curved shape and can guide the soil outwards are annularly arranged on the furrowing disc (6), the furrowing disc (6) is in power connection with a forward power device through a transmission case (5), and the furrowing plough (8) is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the frame (1).

6. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine with automatic seedling sowing of claim 1, wherein the soil covering mechanism comprises soil covering plates (9) symmetrically arranged on the frame (1), the soil covering plates (9) are arranged in a splayed shape from back to front in the top view direction, and the narrow openings of the soil covering plates (9) are positioned at the rear end of the frame (1).

7. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine capable of automatically sowing seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compacting mechanism comprises connecting arms (10) symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the frame (1), the front ends of the connecting arms (10) are hinged to the rear end of the frame (1), compacting wheels (11) are rotatably arranged at the rear ends of the connecting arms (10), and the lower ends of the compacting wheels (11) are inclined towards the middle.

8. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine with automatic seedling discharging function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear end of the frame (1) is provided with a seedling discharging long hole (3), a controller (4) is arranged on the frame (1), the seedling discharging mechanism comprises seedling discharging belts (12) symmetrically arranged in the seedling discharging strip holes (3), the seedling falling belt (12) is arranged along the length direction of the seedling falling strip holes (3), the seedling falling belt (12) comprises a first driven wheel (13) arranged at the front end of the seedling falling elongated hole (3) and a second driven wheel (14) arranged at the rear end of the seedling falling elongated hole (3), a seedling discharging motor (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the seedling discharging elongated hole (3) at the rear part of the first driven wheel (13), seedling motor (15) down with controller (4) are connected, first from driving wheel (13), second from driving wheel (14) and the cover is equipped with seedling area (12) down on the power output shaft of seedling motor (15) down.

9. The fruit tree furrowing and planting machine capable of automatically cutting off seedlings as claimed in claim 8, wherein a swing lever (16) is rotatably mounted on the second driven wheel (14), a swing wheel (17) is rotatably mounted at an end of the swing lever (16), the swing wheel (17) can swing to clamp the seedlings in the cutting off cylinder (26), a telescopic power member (18) for driving the swing lever (16) to swing is arranged on an inner wall of the cutting off rectangular hole (3), a power output end of the telescopic power member (18) is hinged to the middle of the swing lever (16), a poking component is arranged on the swing lever (16), and the telescopic power member (18) and the poking component are both connected with the controller (4).