CN214473323U - Device for testing influence of rainfall on karst soil - Google Patents
Device for testing influence of rainfall on karst soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN214473323U CN214473323U CN202120496854.9U CN202120496854U CN214473323U CN 214473323 U CN214473323 U CN 214473323U CN 202120496854 U CN202120496854 U CN 202120496854U CN 214473323 U CN214473323 U CN 214473323U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device of test rainfall to karst soil influence, including rainfall simulation room, rainfall analog device and karst soil simulation groove, the setting that soil simulation groove notch is up is in the rainfall simulation room, and rainfall analog device includes cistern, raceway, water pump, shower and rainfall shower nozzle, and the rainfall shower nozzle sets up in the top of soil simulation groove and the notch of jet direction orientation soil simulation groove, the water inlet of raceway intercommunication cistern and water pump, the delivery port and the rainfall shower nozzle of shower intercommunication water pump, are provided with the karst soil horizon in the soil simulation groove. Through the utility model discloses, can analyze different rainfall intensity, rainfall time to the influence of karst soil moisture and soil erosion characteristic, rainfall is to the difference nature of karst soil moisture and soil erosion under the different slopes of analysis and the different vegetation, and the rainfall intensity provides the scientific foundation to aspects such as the influence of crop growth for karst soil moisture research and soil erosion are administered.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the ecological meteorological research of karst, concretely relates to device of test rainfall to karst soil influence.
Background
At present, the problem of water and soil loss in karst regions is prominent, so that the productivity of land is reduced, the sustainable development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry economy is influenced, and the karst regions become serious ecological geological environment problems in southwest China. The area of the Guizhou karst mountain land is about 12.95 ten thousand square meters, which accounts for 73.6 percent of the total area of the whole province, and the Guizhou karst mountain land is the center of the karst region in the southwest region of China, and the karst rock desertification restricts local ecological construction and agricultural industry due to the mountainous regions, complex terrain and more serious water and soil loss problem. One of the main power factors causing karst stony desertification and water and soil loss is rainfall, and karst soil moisture change and runoff-produced sand erosion are closely related to rainfall characteristics such as rainfall capacity, rainfall intensity, duration, instantaneous rainfall intensity and rainfall type.
Most of the existing rainfall simulation equipment is designed according to weather conditions in arid or semi-arid regions, although the karst region has sufficient rainfall, the existing rainfall simulation equipment has the characteristics of unique geological structure, shallow soil, broken terrain, easily damaged vegetation and the like, so that soil drought and water and soil loss are easy to occur, and therefore, a test facility for simulating the influence of rainfall on the karst soil is provided according to the characteristics of the karst soil, and the test facility is used for developing related test researches to become a problem to be solved urgently in the industry.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving at least one among the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a device of test rainfall to karst soil influence.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device of test rainfall to karst soil influence, including rainfall simulation room, rainfall analog device and soil simulation groove, the setting that soil simulation groove notch is up is in the rainfall simulation room, rainfall analog device includes cistern, raceway, water pump, shower and rainfall shower nozzle, the rainfall shower nozzle sets up in the top of soil simulation groove and the notch of direction of spray towards the soil simulation groove, the water inlet of raceway intercommunication cistern and water pump, the delivery port and the rainfall shower nozzle of shower intercommunication water pump, be provided with the karst soil horizon in the soil simulation groove.
As a further improvement, the soil simulation groove is obliquely arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber.
As a further improvement, a runoff outlet positioned on the karst soil layer and a seepage outlet positioned on the bottom surface of the karst soil layer are arranged at the lower end of the soil simulation groove, the runoff outlet is connected with a runoff rain measuring cylinder, and the seepage outlet is connected with a seepage rain measuring cylinder.
As a further improvement, the rainfall simulation equipment further comprises a controller and a frequency converter connected with the water pump motor, and the frequency converter is connected with the controller.
As a further improvement, the rainfall simulation device further comprises a controller and a flow control valve arranged on the water conveying pipe or the spray pipe, and the flow control valve is connected with the controller.
As a further improvement, a rain gauge positioned below the rainfall spray head is arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber, and the rain gauge is connected with the controller.
As a further improvement, one end of the bottom of the soil simulation groove is provided with a fixed supporting leg, and the other end of the bottom of the soil simulation groove is provided with a telescopic supporting leg.
As a further improvement, an angle sensor is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the soil simulation tank and the telescopic supporting leg.
As a further improvement, the number of the rainfall spray heads is multiple, and the multiple rainfall spray heads are arranged transversely and/or longitudinally.
As a further improvement, at least two spray holes with different apertures are arranged in the plurality of rainfall spray heads.
The utility model provides a device of test rainfall to karst soil influence, including rainfall simulation room, rainfall analog device and soil simulation groove, the setting that soil simulation groove notch is up is in the rainfall simulation room, and rainfall analog device includes the cistern, the raceway, the water pump, shower and rainfall shower nozzle, and the rainfall shower nozzle sets up in the top of soil simulation groove and sprays the notch of direction towards the soil simulation groove, the water inlet of raceway intercommunication cistern and water pump, the delivery port and the rainfall shower nozzle of shower intercommunication water pump, are provided with the karst soil horizon in the soil simulation groove. Through the utility model discloses, can analyze rainfall intensity to the influence of karst soil moisture and soil erosion characteristic, the rainfall is to the difference nature of karst soil moisture and soil erosion under the different slopes, and the rainfall is to the difference nature of karst soil moisture and soil erosion under the different vegetation, and aspects such as rainfall intensity is to the influence of crop growth provide the scientific foundation for karst soil water and soil loss administers.
Drawings
The present invention is further explained by using the drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the following drawings without any inventive work.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the soil simulation tank of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the utility model discloses the structure schematic diagram on karst soil horizon in the soil simulation inslot.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a plurality of rain sprayers of the present invention.
In the figure: 1, a rainfall simulation room; 2, rainfall simulation equipment; 3, a soil simulation groove; 4, runoff rain measuring cylinder; 5, a rain leakage measuring cylinder; 6, a rain gauge; 21, a water reservoir; 22, a water conveying pipe; 23, a water pump; 24, a spray pipe; 25, a rainfall sprayer; 31, karst soil layer; 32, a runoff outlet; 33, a leak outlet; 34, a fixed leg; and 35, telescopic supporting legs.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.
Combine fig. 1 to show, the embodiment of the utility model provides a device of test rainfall to karst soil influence, including rainfall simulation room 1, rainfall analog device 2 and soil simulation groove 3, the ascending setting of 3 notches in soil simulation groove is in rainfall simulation room 1. The rainfall simulation device 2 includes a reservoir 21, a water pipe 22, a water pump 23, a shower pipe 24, and a rainfall spray 25. The rainfall spray nozzle 25 is arranged above the soil simulation groove 3, the spraying direction of the rainfall spray nozzle faces to the notch of the soil simulation groove 3, the water conveying pipe 22 is communicated with the water storage tank 21 and the water inlet of the water pump 23, and the spray pipe 24 is communicated with the water outlet of the water pump 23 and the rainfall spray nozzle 25. A karst soil layer 31 is provided in the soil simulation groove 3.
In this embodiment, a water level sensor is disposed in the reservoir 21 to ensure that the water in the reservoir 21 is sufficient to meet the requirement of long-time rainfall during the rainfall simulation, and in order to better restore the real rainfall scene, a plurality of rainfall sprayers 25 may be provided, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of rainfall sprayers 25 are arranged in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction, and in the actual use process, the plurality of rainfall sprayers 25 may also be arranged in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction according to the requirement. When the rainfall simulation is different in rain intensity and rain drop size, the arrangement of the plurality of rainfall sprayers 25 is changed, and at least two kinds of spray holes with different apertures can be arranged to achieve an ideal rainfall effect. The distance between the rainfall spray nozzles 25 and the karst soil layer 31 is determined by considering the landing speed of raindrops under different rainfall intensities.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the karst soil layer 31 in the soil simulation trench 3 simulates the characteristics of the Guizhou karst soil, the lower layer is mainly irregular lime soil, the upper layer is mainly yellow soil or rice soil and dry farming soil related to the local, and when the karst soil layer 31 is filled, attention is paid to keeping the layering and the air permeability of the soil close to the field.
As a further improvement, the soil simulation groove 3 is obliquely arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber 1 so as to simulate the characteristics of karst mountainous regions with different slopes, the inclination of the soil simulation groove 3 can be adjusted to be optimal, the fixed supporting leg 34 can be arranged at one end of the bottom of the soil simulation groove 3, the telescopic supporting leg 35 is arranged at the other end of the bottom of the soil simulation groove 3, the height of the telescopic supporting leg 35 is adjusted to change the inclination of the soil simulation groove 3, and an angle sensor can be arranged at the joint of the bottom of the soil simulation groove 3 and the telescopic supporting leg 35 so as to facilitate the adjustment of the inclination.
As a further improvement, as shown in FIG. 2, a runoff outlet 32 located above the karst soil layer 31 and a seepage outlet 33 located at the bottom of the karst soil layer 31 are arranged at the lower end of the soil simulation groove 3, the runoff outlet 32 is connected with a runoff rainfall measuring cylinder 4, and the seepage outlet 33 is connected with a seepage rainfall measuring cylinder 5, so that data collection and statistics can be conveniently carried out, and the influence of rainfall intensity on soil moisture and soil erosion characteristics can be analyzed.
As a further improvement, in order to better control the rainfall capacity of the rainfall spray nozzle 25, the rainfall simulation device 2 may include a controller and a frequency converter connected with a motor of the water pump 23, a power source of the water pump 23 is a variable frequency motor, the frequency converter is connected with the variable frequency motor, the controller is a single chip or a microprocessor, the controller is connected with the frequency converter, and the controller controls the rotation speed of the variable frequency motor so as to control the water pumping capacity of the water pump 23 and further control the rainfall capacity of the rainfall spray nozzle 25; the rainfall simulation device 2 can also comprise a controller and a flow control valve arranged on the water delivery pipe 22 or the spray pipe 24, the flow control valve is connected with the controller, and the controller controls the water inflow or the water outflow of the water pump 23 by controlling the opening degree of the flow control valve so as to control the rainfall of the rainfall spray head 25.
As a further improvement, when controlling the rainfall capacity of the rainfall spray heads 25, a closed-loop control method is adopted, namely, the rainfall capacity of the rainfall spray heads 25 is controlled by a controller in the method, and simultaneously, a rain gauge 6 positioned below the rainfall spray heads 25 is arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber 1, and the rain gauge 6 is connected with the controller. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate data display and operation, the controller may further be connected to a display as needed, the rainfall intensity in the rainfall simulation room 1 is monitored in real time by the rain gauge 6, the monitored data is transmitted to the controller, the data is displayed by the display and subjected to approximation type comparison analysis with an expected rainfall intensity value, and the controller adjusts the frequency converter, the flow control valve and the like according to the rainfall intensity value to change the pumping capacity and the water flow capacity of the water pump 23.
Of course, as required, the controller still can be connected with the level sensor in the cistern 21, and level sensor transmits real-time supervision's water level data for the controller, and the controller carries out the water level according to the water level data of receiving and crosses low warning, and the controller still can be connected with angle sensor simultaneously, and angle sensor transmits real-time supervision's angle information for the controller, and the controller shows through the display, conveniently carries out the adjustment of 3 inclinations in soil simulation groove.
Use the utility model discloses, can do following experimental comparison design:
(1) the same slope is set, the same vegetation is planted, different rainfall intensities are set, and the influence of the rainfall intensities on soil moisture and soil erosion characteristics is researched.
(2) The same gradient is set, different vegetation is planted, the same rainfall intensity is set, and the difference of rainfall under different vegetation on soil moisture and soil erosion is researched.
(3) Different slopes are set, the same vegetation is planted, the same rainfall intensity is set, and the difference of rainfall on soil moisture and soil erosion under different slopes is researched.
(4) The same gradient is set, the same crop is planted, different rainfall intensities are set, and the influence of the rainfall intensities on the crop growth is researched.
(5) Fill different grade type soil, plant the same vegetation, set up the same slope and rain intensity, the influence of analysis soil texture to the erosion.
And carrying out experimental observation according to different experimental designs, and observing and recording indexes such as soil water content, runoff, crop physiology and biochemistry and the like. Through the utility model discloses, can analyze rainfall intensity to the influence of karst soil moisture and soil erosion characteristic, the rainfall is to the difference nature of karst soil moisture and soil erosion under the different vegetation, and the rainfall is to the difference nature of karst soil moisture and soil erosion under the different slopes, and rainfall intensity provides the scientific foundation to aspects such as the influence of crop growth for studying karst soil moisture change process, karst soil water and soil loss improvement.
In the description above, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In conclusion, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be noted that, although various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, unless such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included therein.
Claims (10)
1. Device of test rainfall to karst soil influence, its characterized in that, including rainfall simulation room (1), rainfall simulation equipment (2) and soil simulation groove (3), setting up in rainfall simulation room (1) that soil simulation groove (3) notch faces upward, rainfall simulation equipment (2) are including cistern (21), raceway (22), water pump (23), shower pipe (24) and rainfall shower nozzle (25), rainfall shower nozzle (25) set up in the top of soil simulation groove (3) and the notch of jet direction towards soil simulation groove (3), raceway (22) intercommunication cistern (21) and the water inlet of water pump (23), the delivery port and rainfall shower nozzle (25) of shower pipe (24) intercommunication water pump (23), be provided with karst soil layer (31) in soil simulation groove (3).
2. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on karst soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein said soil simulation trench (3) is obliquely arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber (1).
3. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on the karst soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower end of the soil simulation groove (3) is provided with a runoff outlet (32) positioned above the karst soil layer (31) and a seepage outlet (33) positioned at the bottom surface of the karst soil layer (31), the runoff outlet (32) is connected with a runoff rainfall gauge (4), and the seepage outlet (33) is connected with a seepage rainfall gauge (5).
4. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on karst soil as claimed in claim 3, wherein said rainfall simulation apparatus (2) further comprises a controller and a frequency converter connected to the water pump (23), said frequency converter being connected to the controller.
5. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on karst soil according to claim 3, wherein the rainfall simulation device (2) further comprises a controller and a flow control valve arranged on the water conveying pipe (22) or the spray pipe (24), and the flow control valve is connected with the controller.
6. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on karst soil according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a rain gauge (6) is arranged in the rainfall simulation chamber (1) below the rainfall spray heads (25), and the rain gauge (6) is connected with the controller.
7. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on the karst soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil simulation trench (3) is provided with a fixed leg (34) at one end and a telescopic leg (35) at the other end.
8. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on the karst soil as claimed in claim 7, wherein an angle sensor is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the soil simulation groove (3) and the telescopic supporting leg (35).
9. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on the karst soil as claimed in claim 8, wherein said rainfall spray heads (25) are plural, and said plural rainfall spray heads (25) are arranged laterally and/or longitudinally.
10. The device for testing the influence of rainfall on the karst soil as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least two kinds of spray holes with different apertures are provided in the plurality of rainfall spray heads (25).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120496854.9U CN214473323U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Device for testing influence of rainfall on karst soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120496854.9U CN214473323U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Device for testing influence of rainfall on karst soil |
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| CN214473323U true CN214473323U (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117288624A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Simulation device for slope soil erosion |
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2021
- 2021-03-05 CN CN202120496854.9U patent/CN214473323U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117288624A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Simulation device for slope soil erosion |
| CN117288624B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-09 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Simulation device for slope soil erosion |
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