CN214339032U - Covering soil layer structure constructed by greening plant wastes and used for healthy growth of tree root system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a trees root system healthy growth's that afforestation plant discarded object founds cover soil layer structure belongs to ecological environment technical field. The greening plant waste composting device comprises a deep buried layer covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer covered by a greening plant waste composting product, a shallow surface layer covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer covered by large-particle-size wood chips, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The utility model discloses to traditional organic cover do not have the drawback of obviously improving the effect to soil below the underground part especially the sublayer, combine the categorised processing of afforestation plant discarded object to establish the all standing soil layer that suitable trees root system is healthy to be grown: effectively improve soil compaction degree from whole soil layer structure, ensure that plant roots can be in the sub-top layer even deeply buried layer can healthy growth, effectively solve because the trees root that the soil compaction leads to is difficult to extend and the not good phenomenon of growth, improve trees vigor and management level, improve the technological level that afforestation plant discarded object classification dealt with.

Description

Covering soil layer structure constructed by greening plant wastes and used for healthy growth of tree root system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a trees root system healthy growth's that afforestation plant discarded object founds cover soil layer structure belongs to ecological environment technical field.

Background

The trees are important components of urban green space and play an important role in regulating urban landscape and ecological environment. The urban trees not only green and beautify the environment, but also are natural oxygen plants, and are beneficial to purifying air, humidifying and reducing noise, protecting water and soil, regulating physical and mental health of human beings and the like. Although the ecological function of trees is important, urban trees generally grow badly in cities due to the limitation of growth space, wherein the important reason is that the soil compaction influences the growth of the root system of the trees, and further influences the growth of the trees and the exertion of the ecological function. The importance of the root system to the growth of the tree is well explained by the deep and luxuriant root system. Although the root system of some deep-rooted trees can reach 90-120 cm or even more, no matter the trees are mainly straight root systems or side root systems, 90 percent of the root systems are concentrated in soil layers above 60cm underground. In cities, due to serious human interference, soil compaction conditions are very common and serious, the volume weight of most urban soil is more than 1.35Mg/m3, and the volume weight of most urban soil is even more than 1.5-1.6 Mg/m 3. When the volume weight of the soil is more than 1.35Mg/m3, the growth of the root system of the plant is hindered; when the volume weight of the soil is more than 1.5Mg/m3, the root system of the plant hardly grows. The root of the tree root system is shallow due to soil compaction, the tree root system is mainly gathered on a soil surface layer of 30cm, the tree root system is difficult to penetrate into subsurface soil below 30cm underground and even deeper, the overground tree growth and the ecological landscape effect are influenced, and the typhoon-resistant effect of the tree is poor.

The traditional method for effectively improving soil compaction mainly comprises organic covering and soil improvement, and the two modes can be used independently, but the effect of the two modes is better.

The compacted soil organic covering is generally that 8-10 cm of organic covering is paved on the ground surface, so that although soil compaction can be effectively reduced, surface soil can be loosened and fertilized, and soil ventilation can be improved, the improvement effect on underground deeper soil layers, particularly 30cm of subsurface soil and soil layers deeper below is weaker; moreover, the application field of organic coverage of the trees also discovers that the organic coverage of the surface layer creates a relatively loose and fertile soil habitat, the root systems of the trees often only flow into the organic coverage layer of the surface of the earth without pricking the soil, and the surface aggregation of the root systems of the plants is not a healthy, long-acting and sustainable behavior, so that the healthy growth of the trees is influenced, and the typhoon-resistant effect of the trees is poorer.

Compacted soil amendments traditionally use loose, aerated amendments to improve soil texture and structure, further divided into organic and inorganic amendments depending on the nature of the amendments. The organic modified material mainly comprises organic materials such as grass carbon, organic fertilizer or organic matrix, and the large particle size is not beneficial to rooting of plant roots and uniform and stable soil body, so that the organic modified material has particle size requirements for application. According to the national standard organic matrix for greening (GB/T33891-2017), the requirement of 80% of particle size of an organic improvement matrix for improving the soil of green land and forest land is less than 1.5cm, which is required for common planting soil, but the organic improvement matrix is not necessarily completely suitable for urban compacted soil and transplanted trees. The urban soil has large external force of trampling by people, the pressure of photophytes is not small, the urban soil is obviously different from the situation that trees grow into big trees from young seedlings gradually under the natural condition, the planted trees in the city generally have certain specifications, the weight of the trees is not light, some large-sized trees even need to be carried by a large crane, and although the soil can be loosened by organic matrixes with the particle size of less than 1.5cm, the aeration and loosening effect of a soil layer below 30cm under the action of the external force is severely limited because of insufficient frameworks, in particular to loose organic improving materials such as turf and the like. The common inorganic improving material for improving the green soil is yellow sand, but the water and fertilizer retention effect of the yellow sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is good, and the too large or too small grain diameter of the yellow sand is not beneficial to the improvement of the soil texture and the growth of plants; while the natural yellow sand with the domestic grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is very limited. In addition, the ecological environment protection is enhanced in various places at present, yellow sand is strictly controlled as a strategic resource, except for buildings, municipal roads and the like, the yellow sand is the basic construction of necessities, and the cost is hard to bear and the market is hard to meet when the yellow sand is applied to a large area in a green land. Therefore, in view of the characteristics of urban green land compacted soil, a soil improvement material substitute having a certain framework capable of resisting compaction is required.

The green plant waste (yard trimming) mainly refers to dead branch and fallen leaf waste generated by natural renewal of green plants in the growth process or plant waste materials such as arbor and shrub trimmings (thinning), lawn trimmings, waste grass and flowers in gardens and flower beds, weeds and the like generated in the greening maintenance process. Because the green plant waste has the characteristics of cleanness, safety and high organic matter content, the land utilization value is very high. The land utilization modes of the green plant wastes mainly comprise composting and covering, but the classification treatment of a comparison system for different green plant waste sources and types is not carried out at present, the coarse branches are generally simply sorted out and cut into wood chips serving as covering materials, and other green plant waste sources are generally crushed into small-particle-size compost to improve the soil, so that the fine management requirements of cities can not be met although certain effects are achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at solving the problem of how to combine the classification of the greening plant waste to construct the all-over-covering soil layer suitable for the healthy growth of the tree root system for eliminating the defects that the compacted soil subsurface layer and the deep layer are compacted and seriously affect the growth of the tree root system can not be effectively solved by the traditional soil improvement and organic covering.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a covering soil layer structure constructed by green plant wastes for healthy growth of tree root system; the greening plant waste compost covering layer comprises a deep buried layer covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer covered by greening plant waste compost, a shallow surface layer covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer covered by large-particle-size wood chips, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

Preferably, the deep buried layer covered by the wood block anvil comprises a bottommost layer, a middle layer and an upper layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the bottommost layer, the middle layer and the upper layer are respectively provided with a wood block anvil, the laying density of the wood block anvil at the bottommost layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the middle layer, and the laying density of the wood block anvil at the middle layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the upper layer.

Preferably, the thickness of the deep buried layer covered by the wood block anvil is set to be 30cm, and the thickness of the deep buried layer can be properly extended or reduced according to the depth of the root system of the tree; the deep buried layer range is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the tree planting is formed; the wood block anvil is set to be a conical wood block.

Preferably, the thickness of the subsurface layer covered by the large-particle-size wood block is set to be 30cm, and the thickness of the subsurface layer can be properly extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the root system of the tree; the subsurface layer range is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crown after the planted tree is formed; and mixing the large-particle-size wood blocks with the subsurface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-35%.

Preferably, if the subsurface soil is heavy clay, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be 30-35%; if the subsurface soil is medium clay, the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood blocks to the subsurface soil is set to be 20-25%; if the subsurface soil is light clay or loam, the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood blocks to the subsurface soil is set to be 10-20%; if the subsurface soil is sandy soil, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be less than or equal to 10%.

Preferably, the particle size of the large-particle-size wood block is set to be 4-8cm, and the thickness is set to be 0.8-1.5 cm; the large-particle-size wood block is provided with a rough surface.

Preferably, the thickness of the improved layer covered by the green plant waste compost product is 30cm, and the thickness of the improved layer can extend or shrink according to the main distribution depth of the root system of the tree; the coverage range of the improved layer is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the planted tree is formed.

Preferably, the improvement layer of the green plant waste compost product is provided with surface soil; the improvement layer is formed by mixing compost products decomposed by small-particle-size greening plant wastes and surface soil according to the volume ratio of 5-30%; if the surface soil is heavy clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to a volume ratio of 20-30%; if the surface soil is medium clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to a volume ratio of 15-25%; if the surface soil is light clay or loam, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-20%; if the surface soil is sandy soil, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 5-15%; the compost product formed by decomposing the small-particle-size greening plant wastes is formed by smashing the greening plant wastes with the diameter smaller than 2cm and stacking the smashed greening plant wastes with urea for at least 3 months until the greening plant wastes are completely decomposed.

Preferably, the shallow surface layer covered by the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-3cm thick; the range of the shallow surface layer is the estimated range of the vertical radiation of the crown after the planted tree is formed; small-particle-size wood chips are arranged in the superficial layer, the particle size of the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 2cm, the thickness of the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 0.5cm, and the small-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or natural composting and aging for 3-4 months.

Preferably, the surface layer covered by the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 5-8cm thick; the surface layer range is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the planted tree is formed; the particle size of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-8cm, the thickness of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 0.8cm, and the large-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or natural composting and aging for 3-4 months.

Preferably, organic fertilizer can be mixed and added into the deep buried layer, the subsurface layer and the improved layer in the covering soil layer structure according to the volume ratio of 5%; if the soil texture is heavy, yellow sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is added according to the volume ratio of 5-20%, and the addition amount of the yellow sand is reduced by 50% or even 100% compared with the traditional soil improvement.

The utility model discloses based on traditional soil improvement and organic cover can not fundamentally improve the tight real and difficult current situation of tree root system rooting of urban soil deep soil layer, according to the different source characteristics of afforestation plant discarded object, reunion tree root system growth characteristics carry out categorised the processing to the afforestation plant discarded object for the whole cover soil layer of the healthy growth of suitable tree root system is found to the constitution, the key feature has: 1) dividing the green plant wastes into 4 types of >5cm, >3cm, > 2cm and <2cm (including non-branch parts) according to the diameter of branches of the green plant wastes, processing the green plant wastes into 5-6 cm wood blocks (the diameter is 5-6 cm, the height is 5-8 cm), 5-1.5 cm wood blocks with large particle size (the particle size is 4-8cm, the thickness is 0.8-1.5 cm), 2-8cm wood chips with large particle size and the thickness is 0.8cm, 2-5 cm wood chips with small particle size and the thickness is 0.5 cm) and 5 different types of compost raw materials (80% <1 cm), naturally composting and aging or using urea to reduce the C/N ratio of the products, and developing different product types; 2) according to the main obstacles of urban soil compaction and the characteristics of tree root growth, 5 greening plant waste products are respectively used for constructing a full-coverage soil layer with 5 levels of deep buried layer, subsurface layer, improved layer, shallow surface layer and surface layer for healthy growth of the root system of the tree, so that the defect of compaction of the subsurface layer and the deep layer of the urban soil is overcome, and a soil habitat suitable for healthy growth of the root system of the plant is constructed. The utility model aims at eliminating the defect that traditional soil improvement and organic covering can not effectively solve the compaction soil sub-surface layer and the tight reality of deep and seriously influence trees root growth, combine the categorised processing of afforestation plant discarded object, found the all standing soil layer that suitable trees root system is healthy to be grown.

The utility model discloses according to the different types of afforestation plant discarded object and the source characteristics, the different products of categorised processing development, there is the defect to tree planting according to plant roots growth characteristic and traditional soil improvement and organic cover, rebuilds the all standing soil layer that suitable tree roots is healthy to be grown, provides important technological countermeasure for city fine management. The deep buried layer can bear certain pressure by using a wood block anvil, and the rough wood block anvil plays a role in ventilation and loosening, so that the root system of the tree can be ensured to extend to below 60 cm; the wood block anvil herein has properties somewhat similar to those of structural earth for hard road surfaces, but in view of non-hard road surfaces, the wood block anvil is used instead of the stone block which is commonly used for structural earth. The subsurface layer utilizes large wood blocks which can bear certain pressure and better loose soil property, relieves the compaction degree of human, trees or soil bodies to the subsurface layer soil, divides the addition amount of different large wood blocks according to different soil textures, builds a special habitat which can resist pressure and provide a plant root growth space, has the same function as the structural soil for greening the hard pavement, and only replaces the common stones of the structural soil with the large wood blocks; creating a habitat more favorable for the growth of a large root system of a plant; over time, these wood pieces slowly decompose, loosening the soil and decomposing nutrients just as well as providing sufficient space and nutrients for the growth of trees. The improvement layer mainly utilizes the characteristics of high organic matter content, looseness and rich nutrients of the greening plant waste compost products to improve soil conditions and meet the requirements of plant growth; the improved product has the grain size of 80% <1 cm, and mainly meets the requirements of the small root system or fibrous root of the newly transplanted tree for rooting and growing. The small-grain-size wood chips used for the superficial layer can increase the covering tightness, improve the soil moisture content, reduce the moisture evaporation, and simultaneously facilitate the decomposition of covering materials, improve the soil nutrients and improve the soil physical and chemical properties. The large-grain wood chips are used for the surface layer, and are mainly used for improving the stability of the organic covering, preventing the organic covering from being moved by water or wind, reducing the rotting and decomposing speed and prolonging the service life of the covering.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model discloses a technical principle is similar structure soil technique that stereoplasm road surface was used. The hard pavement is higher in degree of trampling artificially, and is possible to walk part of machinery, so that the requirement on pressure bearing is higher; at the same time, in order to maintain the stability of the road surface, stones with better stability have to be used. However, the stones are not favorable for the growth of plant root systems after all, and are technical countermeasures which are inevitably adopted under the special habitat of the hard pavement. In the plant growth habitat such as the common green land, the forest land and the like, because the population density of Chinese towns is high and a great amount of machines are used for afforestation, the soil is generally and seriously compacted, but the bearing requirement of a relatively hard road surface is relatively low; however, the transplanted trees have large pressure on the soil body and serious artificial trampling, so the current situation of deep compaction of urban compacted soil cannot be fundamentally solved by using the traditional organic covering or soil improvement. The branches of the greening plant wastes with large diameters are respectively treated into wood block anvils and large wood blocks to cover the deep buried layer and the subsurface layer of the soil, so that the greening plant waste anvils can play a similar role as structural soil, can bear certain pressure and provide a good habitat for the healthy growth of plant roots; meanwhile, the wood block anvil and the large wood block are made of plant materials, so that the C/N is low after treatment, the growth of plant root systems is not damaged, and the effect is better than that of stones; the wood block stock and the large wood block can slowly decay and decompose in the soil, so that the soil body can be kept stable, and more space and nutrients can be provided for the growth of the plant root system; the improved layer uses improved products with 80% grain diameter less than 1 cm, which mainly meets the requirements of the small root system or fibrous root of the newly transplanted tree for rooting and growing; according to the growth characteristics of the root system of the tree, a plant root system growth habitat which is harmonious, symbiotic, mutually beneficial and mutually beneficial is artificially constructed. The comprehensive and long-term effects of bearing and improving soil and being suitable for rooting of plant roots are better than those of common organic improving materials or stones.

2. The utility model discloses combine the different source material characteristics of afforestation plant discarded object, carry out classification, develop the product that suitable different soil layers were used, not only can changing waste into valuables, accord with the development theory of circular economy, also improve the technological level that afforestation plant discarded object was dealt with simultaneously.

3. In terms of comprehensive benefits and long-term benefits, the wood block anvil and the large wood block can become high-quality substitutes of inorganic soil improvement materials such as yellow sand, stones and the like, thereby not only being beneficial to plant growth and improving ecological benefits, but also reducing the damage to the ecological environment of other resource origin places.

4. The utility model discloses a technological source material is convenient, with the reduction of afforestation plant discarded object in the soil, builds urban soil fertility and resumes and from fertile ecological chain, and is with low costs, convenient to popularize and apply.

5. The utility model discloses break through soil organic improvement material particle diameter can not too big, cover mainly at traditional theory such as earth's surface, combine that urban soil is artifical trample serious, plant the big pressure of trees weight and wait actual conditions, break traditional soil improvement and organic cover to soil sub-surface layer and bury the not good drawback of layer improvement effect deeply, according to plant roots growth characteristics, found a whole soil layer structure that does benefit to the healthy growth of plant roots, not only can greatly improve the not good current situation of ubiquitous trees growth in the city greenery patches of China, have positive effect to improving city view and ecological benefits, and also be an theory and technological innovation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the soil covering layer for the healthy growth of trees constructed by the waste of green plants. In the figure, a deep buried layer 1 (-60 to-90 cm) covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer 2 (-30 to-60 cm) covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer 3 (0 to-30 cm) covered by a green plant waste compost product, a shallow surface layer 4 (2 to 3 cm) covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer 5 (5 to 8 cm) covered by large-particle-size wood chips are shown.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the trees on the soil layer covered by the trees healthily grown by the greening plant wastes with the trees on the soil layer covered by the conventional improvement and organic covering.

Reference numerals: 1. a deep buried layer covered by the wood block anvil; 2. a sublayer covered with large particle size wood blocks; 3. an improved layer covered by the green plant waste compost product; 4. a small particle size wood chip covered shallow surface layer; 5. a large particle size wood chip covered surface layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-2, the utility model provides a covering soil layer structure constructed by greening plant wastes and used for healthy growth of tree root systems; the greening plant waste composting and greening plant waste composting device comprises a deep buried layer 1 covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer 2 covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer 3 covered by a greening plant waste composting product, a shallow surface layer 4 covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer 5 covered by large-particle-size wood chips which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The deep buried layer 1 covered by the wood block anvil comprises a bottommost layer, a middle layer and an upper layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the bottommost layer, the middle layer and the upper layer are respectively provided with a wood block anvil, the laying density of the wood block anvil at the bottommost layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the middle layer, and the laying density of the wood block anvil at the middle layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the upper layer. The thickness of the deep buried layer covered by the wood block anvil is set to be 30cm, and the wood block anvil can be properly extended or reduced according to the depth of the root system of the tree: the coverage range of the deep buried layer is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crown after the tree planting is formed; the wood block anvil is set to be a conical wood block. Subsurface soil is arranged in the subsurface layer 2 covered by the large-particle-size wood blocks, the thickness is set to be 30cm, the subsurface soil can be properly extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the root systems of the trees, and the coverage range of the subsurface soil is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crowns after the trees are planted and formed. Mixing the large-particle-size wood blocks with subsurface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-35%: if the subsurface soil is heavy clay, setting the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil to be 30-35%; if the subsurface soil is medium clay, setting the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil to be 20-25%; if the subsurface soil is light clay or loam, the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be 10-20%; if the subsurface soil is sandy soil, the mixing ratio of the large-particle-size wood block to the subsurface soil is set to be 10% or less. Setting the particle size of the large-particle-size wood block to be 4-8cm, and setting the thickness to be 0.8-1.5 cm; the large-particle-size wood blocks are provided with rough surfaces. The thickness of the improved layer 3 covered by the green plant waste compost products is set to be 30cm, and the improved layer can be properly extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the tree root system; the coverage range is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the planted tree is formed. The improvement layer is formed by mixing surface soil and compost products decomposed by small-particle-size greening plant wastes according to the volume ratio of 5-30%; if the surface soil is heavy clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to a volume ratio of 20-30%; if the surface soil is medium clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to a volume ratio of 15-25%; if the surface soil is light clay or loam, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-20%; if the surface soil is sandy soil, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 5-15%; the compost product formed by decomposing the small-particle-size green plant wastes is formed by smashing green plant wastes with the diameter of less than 2cm and stacking the smashed green plant wastes with urea for at least 3 months until the green plant wastes are completely decomposed. The shallow surface layer 4 covered by the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-3cm thick; small-particle-size wood chips are arranged in the superficial layer 4, the particle size of the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 2cm, the thickness of the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 0.5cm, and the small-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or natural composting and aging for 3-4 months. The surface layer 5 covered by the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 5-8cm thick; the particle size of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-8cm, the thickness of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 0.8cm, and the large-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or natural composting and aging for 3-4 months. Organic fertilizer can be mixed and added into the deep buried layer, the subsurface layer and the improved layer in the full-coverage soil layer structure according to the volume ratio of 5 percent; if the soil texture is sticky, yellow sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is added according to the volume ratio of 5-20%, and the addition amount of the yellow sand is reduced by 50% or even 100% compared with the traditional soil improvement.

The utility model provides a full-coverage soil layer structure constructed by green plant wastes and used for healthy growth of tree roots; the greening plant waste composting production line comprises a deep buried layer 1 (-60-90 cm) covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer 2 (-30-60 cm) covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer 3 (0-30 cm) covered by a greening plant waste composting product, a shallow surface layer 4 (0-2-3 cm) covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer 5 (2-3-8-10 cm) covered by large-particle-size wood chips, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

The deep buried layer 1 (-60 to-90 cm) covered by the wood block anvil has the following characteristics:

(1) the depth of the buried layer is about 30cm, and the buried layer can be properly extended or reduced according to the depth of the root system of the tree. Wherein the wood block anvils are laid in 3 layers, and about 30cm multiplied by 30cm of the bottommost layer (-80 to-90 cm) of the deep buried layer is laid with one wood block anvil; laying a wood block anvil about 20cm multiplied by 20cm on the 2 nd layer (-70 to-80 cm) of the deep buried layer; the 3 rd layer (-60 to-70 cm)) of the deep buried layer is paved with a wood block anvil of about 10cm multiplied by 10 cm.

(2) The coverage range of the deep buried layer is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crown after the planted tree is formed.

(3) The wood block anvil is a conical wood block with the diameter of about 5-6 cm and the height of about 5-8cm, is generally formed by cutting branches with the diameter of more than 5cm by an electric saw every 5-8cm, and is easy to stack by urea for 2-3 months and then utilize. The block anvils preferably retain some roughness or are artificially increased in roughness to increase air and water permeability in the soil.

The subsurface layer 2 (-30 to-60 cm) covered by the large-particle-size wood block has the following characteristics:

(1) the subsurface 2 has a thickness of about 30cm and can be extended or reduced as appropriate depending on the depth of the tree root system. The soil is mainly formed by mixing large-particle-size wood blocks with subsurface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-35%, wherein the adding proportion is determined to be heavy clay by a finger method according to the soil hardening and sticky weight degree, and the proportion of the large wood blocks is preferably about 30-35%; the proportion of large wood blocks in the medium clay is preferably about 20-25%; the proportion of large wood blocks in light clay or loam is preferably about 10-20%; in the case of sandy soil, the dosage can be reduced to 10 percent or less.

(2) The coverage range of the underground sub-surface is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crown after the planted trees are formed.

(3) The size of the large-particle-size wood blocks used in the subsurface layer is about 4-8cm, the thickness is about 0.8-1.5cm, the rough surface is more suitable for increasing the specific surface, and the wood blocks are generally formed by slicing branches with the diameter of more than 3 cm; in order to reduce nitrogen competition with tree root systems, the large-particle-size wood blocks are easy to stack by urea for 3-4 months and then to be utilized. The large wood blocks are preferably kept rough or artificially increased to increase air and water permeability in the soil.

The improved layer 3 (0 to-30 cm) covered by the green plant waste compost product has the following characteristics:

(1) the thickness of the improved layer 3 is about 30cm, and the improved layer can be properly extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the root system of the tree. The soil conditioner is mainly formed by mixing and improving compost products formed by decomposing small-particle-size greening plant wastes with surface soil according to the proportion of 5-30%, wherein the adding proportion is determined to be heavy clay by a finger method according to the soil hardening and adhesive weight degree, and the proportion is preferably about 20-30%; the proportion of the medium clay is preferably about 15-25%; the proportion of light clay or loam is preferably about 10-20%; if the sand is sandy soil, the dosage can be reduced to 5-15%.

(2) Covering the root system of the underground tree on the underground sub-surface to grow the root system of the tree healthily;

(3) the small-particle-size greening plant waste compost product used in the improvement layer 3 is mainly formed by smashing greening plant waste with the diameter of less than 2cm, and stacking the mixture for at least more than 3 months by using urea until the mixture is completely decomposed.

The thickness of the shallow surface layer 4 covered by the small-particle-size wood chips is about 2-3 cm; the small-particle-size wood chips are mainly used for cutting greening plant waste branches with the diameter of more than 2cm into wood chips with the particle size of less than 2cm and the thickness of less than 0.5cm, and the wood chips can be used after urea is added or natural composting is aged for 3-4 months.

The thickness of the ground surface layer 5 covered by the large-particle-size wood chips is 5-8 cm; the large-particle-size wood chips are mainly used for cutting greening plant waste branches with the diameter of more than 3cm into wood chips with the particle size of 2-8cm and the thickness of less than 0.8cm, and the wood chips can be used after urea is added or natural composting is aged for 3-4 months.

In order to improve the soil improvement effect of the whole soil body, under the condition of the improvement, organic fertilizers can be mixed and added into the deep buried layer, the subsurface layer and the improved layer according to the volume ratio of 5 percent; if the soil texture is heavy, yellow sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is added according to the volume ratio of 10-25%, and the addition amount of the yellow sand is reduced by 50% or even 100% compared with the traditional soil improvement.

Examples

The Shanghai mountain vegetation garden is built from 2007 to 2010, the plants grow well in the early stage, but most trees in the later stage have the phenomena of withered tail tips and growth stagnation. The massive investigation of the soil of the Chenshan plant garden in 2014 shows that the trees with bad growth vigor basically have no big new roots and only a few fibrous roots around the soil ball are sent out, and the importance of the root growth effect of the trees on the growth of the overground part is further verified. Further analysis shows that the trees are difficult to root, and the main reason is caused by severe soil compaction. The soil of the Chenshan plant garden is seriously compacted, and firstly, the Chenshan plant garden is low in terrain, a large amount of sludge is used in the construction process, and large machinery is used in the construction process, so that the sticky and heavy hardening degree of the soil is aggravated; secondly, after the garden is built, many tourists live, the soil is seriously trampled, and the soil compaction degree is further aggravated. For this reason, soil improvement was performed on the entire-day mountain plant garden subarea from 2015. The tree improvement adopts a traditional mode of combining soil improvement and organic coverage, and the trees are removed and temporarily planted; in order to ensure that the root of the tree root system is deeply rooted, the soil of 90cm underground is completely excavated and crushed by a rotary cultivator, the soil improvement formula is that 25 percent of common organic matrix, 20 percent of yellow sand, 5 percent of common organic fertilizer and original soil are fully mixed, wherein the organic matrix is mainly a green plant waste compost rotten product trimmed by plants in the Chenshan plant garden; then, the trees which are heeled in originally are planted again; and paving small-particle-size wood chips of about 3cm around the planted tree pit, and then paving large-particle-size wood chips of 7cm around the planted tree pit. After 1 year of improved planting, the growth vigor of the plants is obviously improved, and a large number of fibrous roots grow on the part of the organic covering layer close to the soil surface. After 2 years of improved planting, after digging partial tree pits of trees with good growth vigor, the tree roots are found to grow obviously, but the roots are mainly concentrated at the depth of more than about 30cm of soil, are relatively rare below 30cm, are more prominent in areas with serious artificial trampling, and have a difference with the roots of the trees mainly concentrated at the depth of more than 60 cm. Wherein Chenshan plant garden No. 1 door entrance oriental cherry, because the oriental cherry growth vigor is flourishing very much after the soil amendment, has still taken place partial oriental cherry lodging phenomenon even, to lodging oriental cherry root system research discovery, oriental cherry root system is very flourishing, this is also the flourishing important reason of vegetation, nevertheless probably soil amendment mainly concentrates on the earth's surface, and the earth's surface covers relatively thickly (> 10 cm) moreover, and the root system surface gathers the phenomenon also very obviously. Therefore, when soil improvement is carried out in the southern area of Shanxi in 2017 Chen, the technical scheme of the utility model is adopted by fully considering the defects caused by surface aggregation of plant root systems; combining the classification disposal of green plant wastes in the garden of the Chenshan plant garden, the soil profile is comprehensively reformed by 5 layers. On the basis of a general soil improvement formula of 25% of green plant waste compost products, 20% of yellow sand and 5% of organic fertilizers, wood block anvils are paved in three layers at the depth of 60-90 cm respectively, 20% of large-diameter wood blocks are added at the depth of 30-60 cm, the improvement layer is still made by the general formula, and 2 layers of organic covering is adopted after trees are planted. The contrast observation of the whole soil covering and the conventional soil improvement shows that the both can obviously improve the growth vigor of plants, and the tree rooting effect is good, but in comparison, the effect of the whole soil covering is better. In 3 years after 2020 soil improvement, tree investigation with obvious growth difference shows that the root systems of the plants covered completely can reach the subsurface layer and the deep buried layer of the soil, even the deeper depth is achieved, the large root systems are also increased obviously, and the crown width of the trees is larger than that of the trees improved and covered organically (see the left picture of figure 2). The root system surface aggregation phenomenon of trees improved by traditional soil and covered by organic soil is very obvious, only a small amount of root systems can reach a subsurface layer, and almost no root systems exist in a deep buried layer; compared with the overground part, the overground part is obviously inferior to the full-coverage soil layer in growth, the crown width is relatively small, new branches are relatively few, and the leaves are relatively narrow (see a right picture of fig. 2).

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way and in any way, and it should be understood that modifications and additions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and evolutions equivalent to those made by the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes, modifications and evolutions are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and evolutions of equivalent changes to the above embodiments according to the actual technology of the present invention are also within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a trees root system healthy growth's that afforestation plant discarded object founds cover soil layer structure which characterized in that: the greening plant waste composting and greening plant waste composting product comprises a deep buried layer (1) covered by a wood block anvil, a subsurface layer (2) covered by a large-particle-size wood block, an improved layer (3) covered by a greening plant waste composting product, a shallow surface layer (4) covered by small-particle-size wood chips and a surface layer (5) covered by large-particle-size wood chips, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

2. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the deep buried layer (1) covered by the wood block anvil comprises a bottommost layer, a middle layer and an upper layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the bottommost layer, the middle layer and the upper layer are respectively provided with a wood block anvil, the laying density of the wood block anvil at the bottommost layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the middle layer, and the laying density of the wood block anvil at the middle layer is less than that of the wood block anvil at the upper layer.

3. The structure of covering soil layer for healthy growth of tree root system constructed by greening plant waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the deep buried layer covered by the wood block anvil is set to be 30cm, and the thickness of the deep buried layer can be extended or reduced according to the depth of the root system of the tree; the coverage range of the deep buried layer is the estimated vertical radiation range of the crown after the tree planting is formed; the wood block anvil is set to be a conical wood block.

4. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the subsurface layer (2) covered by the large-particle-size wood blocks is set to be 30cm, and the thickness of the subsurface layer (2) can be extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the root system of the tree; the coverage range of the subsurface layer (2) is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the planted tree is formed.

5. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the subsurface layer covered by the large-particle-size wood blocks is provided with subsurface layer soil; the subsurface layer is mixed with subsurface layer soil according to 10-35% of large-particle-size wood blocks by volume ratio; if the subsurface soil is heavy clay, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be 30-35%; if the subsurface soil is medium clay, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be 20-25%; if the subsurface soil is light clay or loam, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be 10-20%; if the subsurface soil is sandy soil, the mixing proportion of the large-particle-size wood blocks and the subsurface soil is set to be less than or equal to 10%.

6. The structure of covering soil layer for healthy growth of tree root system constructed by greening plant waste as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the particle size of the large-particle-size wood block is set to be 4-8cm, and the thickness is set to be 0.8-1.5 cm; the large-particle-size wood block is provided with a rough surface.

7. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the improved layer (3) covered by the green plant waste compost product is 30cm, and the thickness of the improved layer (3) can be extended or reduced according to the main distribution depth of the tree root system; the coverage area of the improved layer (3) is the estimated vertical radiation range of the tree crown after the planted tree is formed.

8. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the improvement layer (3) of the green plant waste compost product is provided with surface soil; the improved layer is formed by mixing compost products decomposed by small-particle-size greening plant wastes and surface soil according to the volume ratio of 5-30%; if the surface soil is heavy clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 20-30%; if the surface soil is medium clay, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to a volume ratio of 15-25%; if the surface soil is light clay or loam, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 10-20%; if the surface soil is sandy soil, mixing the compost product with the surface soil according to the volume ratio of 5-15%; the compost product formed by decomposing the small-particle-size greening plant wastes is formed by smashing the greening plant wastes with the diameter smaller than 2cm and stacking the smashed greening plant wastes with urea for at least 3 months until the greening plant wastes are completely decomposed.

9. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shallow surface layer (4) covered by the small-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-3cm thick; small-particle-size wood chips are arranged in the superficial layer (4), the particle size of the small-particle-size wood chips is less than 2cm, the thickness of the small-particle-size wood chips is less than 0.5cm, and the small-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or naturally composting and aging for 3-4 months.

10. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface layer (5) covered by the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 5-8cm thick; the particle size of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be 2-8cm, the thickness of the large-particle-size wood chips is set to be less than 0.8cm, and the large-particle-size wood chips are treated by adding urea or natural composting and aging for 3-4 months.

11. The covering soil layer structure for the root system of the tree constructed by the greening plant wastes to grow healthily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: organic fertilizer is mixed and added into the deep buried layer, the subsurface layer and the improved layer in the covering soil layer structure according to the volume ratio of 5%; if the soil texture is sticky, yellow sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm is added according to the volume ratio of 10-25 percent.

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