CN214336752U - Air cooling type fuel cell anode plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an air-cooled fuel cell anode plate, the anode plate includes the air inlet, the gas outlet, the gaseous distribution area of import, the gaseous district that converges of export, flow the field area, the contact zone, air inlet and gas outlet are located the side that is close to the width direction, and be central symmetry structure, the gaseous distribution area of import and the gaseous district that converges of export communicate with air inlet and gas outlet respectively, and be central symmetry structure, flow the field area and be snakelike runner structure, and the reaction gas flows through the length of every runner the same, the contact zone contacts with the negative plate, form and be used for cooling and electrically conductive bipolar plate structure. The application has the advantages that: the anode plate is directly punched and formed by metal plates, the processing is convenient, the flow field area is uniformly divided into a plurality of parts by adopting the strip-snake-shaped flow channel, the length of each strip-snake-shaped flow channel is the same, and the contact points of the strip-snake-shaped flow channel and the cathode plate are uniformly distributed, so that the anode plate and the cathode plate are tightly compacted, the heat dissipation effect is ensured, the conductivity is improved, the electric pile manufactured by the method runs stably, and the performance is improved.

Description

Air cooling type fuel cell anode plate

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to an anode plate of an air cooling type fuel cell.

Background

In recent years, fuel cells have been regarded by many countries as being efficient and pollution-free, and have been widely used in many fields. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like, and is the most popular fuel cell in the current market.

Bipolar plates are an important component of fuel cells, where they function to collect current, distribute gas, support membrane electrodes, and manage water and heat, and account for a significant portion of the stack weight and cost. Currently, there are three main types of fuel cell bipolar plate materials: graphite materials, composite materials and metallic materials. The metal bipolar plate has no problem of air tightness, and even a very thin metal plate can ensure good mechanical strength, so the volume and the weight of the galvanic pile can be greatly reduced, and simultaneously, because the metal has higher heat conductivity, the temperature gradient inside the galvanic pile is small, and the uniformity of the temperature inside the galvanic pile is also favorably improved, so the metal sheet is used for preparing the bipolar plate by punch forming, and the metal bipolar plate is a hotspot of recent research.

The fuel cell needs the cooling subsystem in time to take away the surplus heat that produces with the reaction in order to maintain the stable work of pile, according to the difference of coolant, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) can divide into water-cooling type and air-cooled type again, wherein air-cooled type pile replaces the coolant that water was regarded as the pile with the air, the fan is when discharging the inside heat of fuel cell for fuel cell supply air, the auxiliary assembly of pile system has been reduced, by wide application in fields such as portable power supply, unmanned aerial vehicle.

In order to reduce the flow resistance of the fan, the cathode plate flow field of the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell is usually designed into a parallel straight channel communicated with the atmosphere, the fan blows air into the parallel straight channel from one side of the cathode plate flow field, the air carries heat after reaction and is discharged out of the cell from the other side, and the cathode plate of the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell is always concave at the air parallel straight channel and convex at the rib between the air parallel straight channels when viewed from the side surface of the cathode plate.

Although the thin metal bipolar plate of the pem fuel cell disclosed in chinese patent CN1996647 omits a cooling flow field between the cathode and anode plates, and reduces the assembly thickness, the cathode and anode flow field only utilizes a flow channel on one side, and the cathode flow field is used as a reactant flow channel and a cooling flow channel, and although it can be used in an air-cooled stack, the cooling effect is not good.

The existing metal bipolar plate flow field design mainly has the following problems: 1. the gas flow field distribution is taken as the main part, the cooling liquid flow field is rarely considered, and the internal cooling effect of the fuel cell stack is not uniform; 2. if a three-layer plate structure with a special cooling plate is adopted, the volume of the fuel cell stack is increased, the structural complexity of the bipolar plate and the difficulty of the processing technology of the bipolar plate are increased, and the interface resistance of the bipolar plate is increased, so that the internal resistance of the fuel cell stack is increased; 3. the stamped metal sheet without the through hole can only diffuse water vapor or liquid water generated by the membrane electrode into the flow channel through the capillary action and take away the water vapor or liquid water through cooling air flow, and when the fuel cell works under the working condition of high current density, the membrane electrode area corresponding to the convex part of the flow field is difficult to drain water, so that water flooding is easily caused, and the performance is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide an air-cooled fuel cell anode plate, which comprises the following technical scheme:

an air-cooled fuel cell anode plate comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, an inlet gas distribution area, an outlet gas convergence area, a flow field area and a contact area.

The anode plate is formed by punching a metal plate, the thickness of the metal plate is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the material of the metal plate comprises stainless steel or titanium.

Preferably, the thickness of the metal plate material is 0.1mm, and the material is titanium.

The air inlet and the air outlet are positioned on the side edges close to the width direction, are circular or key groove-shaped in appearance and are of a centrosymmetric structure.

Preferably, the air inlet and the air outlet are identical in shape of a key groove.

The inlet gas distribution area and the outlet gas convergence area are respectively communicated with the gas inlet and the gas outlet by 2-6 flow channels and are of a centrosymmetric structure.

Preferably, the inlet gas distribution area and the outlet gas confluence area are respectively communicated with the gas inlet and the gas outlet by adopting 3 flow channels.

The flow field area adopts a snake-shaped flow channel structure, the length of the reaction gas flowing through each flow channel is the same, and the reaction gas can be ensured to be uniformly distributed in the flow field area.

The flow field region and the contact region are two corresponding surfaces of the same anode plate.

The width of the snake-shaped flow channel is 0.4-2 mm, the depth of the flow channel is 0.2-1 mm, and the width of the step is 0.4-2 mm.

Preferably, the width of the serpentine flow channel is 0.6mm, the depth of the flow channel is 0.4mm, and the width of the step is 0.6 mm.

The distance between the turning bend of snakelike runner equals, and same snakelike runner divide into short runner and long runner in region respectively again to guarantee all to have the contact with each runner of negative plate, make the negative plate not have totally unsettled runner.

The flow field area is divided into 2-6 areas by adopting 2-6 snake-shaped flow channels.

Preferably, the flow field area is divided into 3 areas uniformly by using 3 snake-shaped flow channels.

The contact area is in contact with the cathode plate to form a bipolar plate structure for cooling and electrical conduction.

The contact point evenly distributed of contact zone and negative plate, there is not unsettled contactless runner in negative plate, makes the inseparable compaction of positive plate and negative plate, has increased area of contact, has reduced contact resistance to guarantee the evenly distributed of pile temperature, be favorable to the diffusion of the steam and the liquid water that produce, be favorable to promoting the pile performance. .

The application provides an air-cooled fuel cell anode plate, processing is convenient, easily batch production, and the fuel cell pile that adopts this application preparation moves stably, compares with the pile of the preparation of traditional snakelike runner anode plate, and the performance can improve, is applicable to small-size portable power source field.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for assisting the understanding of the present application, and are not particularly limited to the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the present application. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this application, may select various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the present application, depending on the particular situation.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-cooled fuel cell anode plate according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional serpentine flow channel anode plate;

fig. 3 is a schematic combination diagram of an anode plate and a cathode plate of the air-cooled fuel cell according to the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the contact area between the anode plate and the cathode plate of the air-cooled fuel cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the contact area of an anode plate and a cathode plate of a conventional serpentine flow channel;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the back contact area of the anode plate of the air-cooled fuel cell according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the performance curves of the cell stack in the examples described in the present application;

the reference numbers are as follows:

1-an air inlet; 2-air outlet; 3-an inlet gas distribution area; 4-an outlet gas confluence zone; 5-flow field area; 6-a contact zone;

7-short flow channel; 8-long flow channel; a-an anode plate; c-a cathode plate;

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below by way of examples.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-3, a titanium material blank with the thickness of 0.1mm is punched and formed into an anode plate by using an oil press and a die, wherein the thickness of the blank can be selected within the range of 0.05-0.5 mm according to needs, the blank can also be made of stainless steel materials, so that the cost is saved, the width dimension is 200mm multiplied by 50mm, an air inlet and an air outlet are key groove type, a flow field area of the anode plate is uniformly divided into 3 parts by using 3 snake-shaped flow channels, the width of the snake-shaped flow channel is 0.4-2 mm, in the embodiment, 0.6mm, the depth of the flow channel is 0.2-1 mm, in the embodiment, 0.4mm, the width of a step is 0.4-2 mm, and in the embodiment, 0.6 mm. The total length of each snake-shaped flow passage is the same and is 800mm, the same snake-shaped flow passage is divided into a short flow passage and a long flow passage in respective areas, the length of the short flow passage is 50mm, the length of the long flow passage is 55mm, and the distance between different snake-shaped flow passages at the turning bend is 2 mm. And respectively assembling 30 anode plates into single batteries to form a fuel cell stack, wherein an anode plate contact area is compacted and attached to a cathode plate, a suspended non-contact flow channel does not exist, the anode plate further comprises a contact area, and the contact area is contacted with the cathode plate to form a cooling and conductive bipolar plate structure, as shown in figure 4.

The flow field area is divided into 2-6 areas by 2-6 snake-shaped flow channels. In this embodiment, the flow field area is divided into 3 regions by using 3 serpentine flow channels.

The performance of a 30-piece electric pile assembled by the anode plate with the traditional serpentine flow channel shown in the attached figure 5 is compared, the IV curve is shown in the attached figure 6, and the test temperature is as follows: 60-70 ℃, anode pressure: 50kPa, cathode pressure: normal pressure, galvanic pile test result: compare with the pile of traditional snakelike runner anode plate, the pile of this application equipment has had obvious promotion in the performance.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. An air-cooled fuel cell anode plate, characterized in that: the air-cooled fuel cell anode plate comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, an inlet gas distribution area, an outlet gas convergence area and a flow field area,

the air inlet and the air outlet are positioned on the side edges close to the width direction and have a centrosymmetric structure,

the inlet gas distribution area and the outlet gas confluence area are respectively 2-6 flow channels, each flow channel is respectively communicated with the gas inlet or the gas outlet and has a centrosymmetric structure,

the flow field area adopts a snake-shaped flow channel structure, and the length of reaction gas flowing through each flow channel is the same.

2. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: the anode plate is formed by punching a metal plate, the thickness of the metal plate is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the material of the metal plate comprises stainless steel or titanium.

3. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: the air inlet and the air outlet are circular or key groove-shaped.

4. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: and the flow channel of the inlet gas distribution area is communicated with the gas inlet, and the flow channel of the outlet gas convergence area is communicated with the gas outlet.

5. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: snakelike runner width 0.4 ~ 2mm, degree of depth 0.2 ~ 1mm, processing has the step on the snakelike runner, step width 0.4 ~ 2mm, every snakelike runner length is the same.

6. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1 or 5, wherein: the flow field area is divided into 2-6 areas by adopting 2-6 snake-shaped flow channels.

7. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: the snakelike runner includes a plurality of turning bends, and the distance between each turning bend equals, and same snakelike runner divide into short runner and long runner in region respectively again.

8. The air-cooled fuel cell anode plate of claim 1, wherein: the anode plate also includes a contact area that contacts the cathode plate, forming a bipolar plate structure for cooling and electrical conduction.

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