CN104157895A - Light-weight electric pile of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel battery and manufacturing method of light-weight electric pile - Google Patents
Light-weight electric pile of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel battery and manufacturing method of light-weight electric pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN104157895A CN104157895A CN201410370325.9A CN201410370325A CN104157895A CN 104157895 A CN104157895 A CN 104157895A CN 201410370325 A CN201410370325 A CN 201410370325A CN 104157895 A CN104157895 A CN 104157895A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention relates to a light-weight electric pile of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel battery and a manufacturing method of the light-weight electric pile in the technical field of the light-weight electric piles of metal bipolar plate fuel batteries. The light-weight electric pile of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel battery comprises metal bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, a fuel gas inlet distribution pipe, a fuel gas outlet distribution pipe, a top end plate and a bottom end plate, wherein the membrane electrodes and the metal bipolar plates are superposed in sequence in a staggered manner and are connected in series together through the fuel gas inlet distribution pipe and the fuel gas outlet distribution pipe; fuel gas distribution is achieved by the distribution pipes, so that only one side of each metal bipolar plate is provided with an oxidant flow field, and a shared pipeline does not need to be constructed on the metal bipolar plates; the gas is uniformly distributed and is high in tightness; a metal bipolar plate processing technology is very simple and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the light-duty pile technical field of metal bipolar plate fuel battery, particularly the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Polymer dielectric film fuel cell adopts polymer film as electrolyte, and the film generally adopting is at present perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane, the side chain replacing with sulfonic acid group on fluorine carbon backbone chain.Compare with other liquid electrolyte fuel cells, polymer dielectric film fuel cell adopts solid polymer as electrolyte, has avoided the Operating Complexity of liquid electrolyte, can reduce widely electrolyte thickness again, thereby improves the energy density of battery.
The core component of polymer dielectric film fuel cell is called membrane electrode assembly, comprises that the thin layer of proton exchange membrane, the moon/anode catalyst layer, the moon/anode gas diffusion layer forms.Widely used polymer dielectric film is as the Nafion film of du pont company, BAM film of the Aciplex-S film of the Dow film of Dao Er company, Japanese East Sea chemical industry Co., Ltd., Canadian Ba Lade advanced material company etc.Gas diffusion layers is generally graphite carbon paper or carbon fiber woven cloth, then processes through PTFE hydrophobic.On gas diffusion layers, need to adhere to the active PTFE/ carbon-coating of one deck, promote the excellent support effect of multiphase mass transfer and Catalytic Layer.Memberane Electrode mainly contains two types: 1) catalyst is adopted the methods such as silk screen printing, coating, spraying, curtain coating to be prepared on gas diffusion layers surface, spent ion exchange resin solution impregnation after sintering, after dry, form electrode, then between two-layer electrode, putting into proton exchange membrane hot forming (being pressure sintering).This preparation technology is simple, but Catalytic Layer and polymer electrolyte membrane are poor, and catalyst granules likely enters into gas diffusion layers hole, reduces catalyst utilization in membrane electrode, and current this method for preparing membrane electrode is eliminated gradually.2) adopt transfer printing or direct spraying method that catalyst is prepared on polymer dielectric film.Compare with hot pressing membrane electrode syntheti c route, this process is comparatively complicated, but Catalytic Layer and polymer electrolyte membrane are better, difficult peeling off, catalyst has higher utilance, and membrane electrode durability is better, generally adopts at present in fuel cell membrane electrode preparation technology.In addition, at present just at developing low-cost, high-performance and long-life membrane electrode of new generation.The thickness of membrane electrode assembly is generally hundreds of microns.Between each MEA, add that sealing ring and bipolar plates form battery pile.Fuel cell pile is generally alternately laminated and is sealed to form by n sheet membrane electrode and n+1 sheet bipolar plates.In pile, bipolar plates be used for separating and distribution monomer between reacting gas, also play the important function of water management, heat conduction, collector and mechanical support.Bipolar plates comprises graphite bi-polar plate, composite dual-electrode plates and metal double polar plates.Wherein, metal double polar plates compared to graphite and composite dual-electrode plates have that electronic conductivity is high, good thermal conductivity, high-mechanical property, high chemical stability, alloy compositions selectance is convenient to the features such as extensive punch forming High-efficient Production extensively, very much, is study hotspot in recent years.When relating to fuel cell pile, from the demand side of fuel cell high-specific-power and large-scale production, to consider, metal double polar plates has obvious advantage compared to graphite and composite dual-electrode plates.Especially in traffic application, metal double polar plates has become main flow.Metal double polar plates is applicable to reducing thickness, batch production very much, has been conducive to improve the volumetric power density of fuel cell, has also reduced manufacturing cost simultaneously.The main challenge that metal double polar plates faces is contact resistance and corrosion.At present, stainless steel, Ni base alloy, Ti base alloy and Al base alloy double pole plate are widely studied, and content comprises the alloy double pole plate of alloy double pole plate and finishing.Aspect the research of alloy double pole plate, 310,904L, 349
tM, 446 and 2205 alloys are considered to can be applicable to the alloying metal bipolar plates of polymer dielectric film fuel cell.Existing metal double polar plates generally adopts the operations such as sheet metal punch forming, welding, face coat processing to be prepared from, and all has flow field between metal double polar plates both sides and interlayer.Flow field generally comprises air flow field, hydrogen flow field and coolant flow field.
Chinese patent CN200410082920.0 discloses a kind of impacted metal double polar plate structure and fuel cell pile preparation method, and bipolar plates positive and negative is symmetrically arranged with respectively fuel gas channel, oxidizer gas channel, coolant guiding channel and bipolar plate flow field district.In bipolar plate flow field district, be provided with gas flowfield groove and for the flow field boss of collected current, flow-field channel and flow field boss are staggered, the positive and negative of stamped bipolar plates is all with the seal groove of putting potted component, and seal groove is arranged between fuel gas channel, oxidizer gas channel, coolant guiding channel; Chinese invention patent CN200710011002 discloses a kind of metal double polar plates, comprise a metal anode unipolar plate, a metallic cathode unipolar plate, in anode unipolar plate and negative electrode unipolar plate, be respectively arranged with the highway of oxidant, reducing agent and coolant, between anode unipolar plate and negative electrode unipolar plate, be provided with water frame, in water frame, be filled with the stretching wire netting as water discharge flow field, the edge of described oxidant highway, reducing agent highway, coolant highway and anode unipolar plate and negative electrode unipolar plate all outwards turns down the projection that has tubular; Chinese invention patent CN200710043435.4 discloses a kind of manufacture method of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and key step is: 1) under normal temperature, heating-up temperature, is hot pressed into wavy by plane MEA; 2) adopt fine Sheet Metal Forming Technology by the punching of planar ultra-thin metal polar plate, then pole plate with holes is struck out to the undaform matching with wavy MEA, obtain unipolar plate; 3) adopt laser welding technology that a pair of unipolar plate is welded into bipolar plates; 4) adopt cyclic voltammetry in metal surface, to electroplate one deck conducting polymer polyaniline; Chinese invention patent CN201010288866.9 has announced single pond and the pile of metal double polar plates and formation thereof, described metal double polar plates is the on-plane surface arc with certain curvature, and the negative electrode unipolar plate of being made by sheet metal is relative to anode unipolar plate forming.The cathode and anode chamber of two plates, coolant chamber and flow field area groove and boss convex-concave shape are mutually corresponding, form respectively fuel gas channel, oxidizer gas channel, coolant guiding channel.Membrane electrode, single bipolar plates are combined and just can form fuel cell list pond, a plurality of single pond stacks are coupled together and can form pile.
All there is following problem in the fuel cell pile that above-mentioned patent builds with metal double polar plates: 1. metal double polar plates all has the multilayer flow field that fuel flow field, oxidant flow field and coolant flow field form, and metal bipolar board machining process is complicated, and cost is high; 2. there is ridge and chute in the flow field consisting of runner in bipolar plates, reacting gas cannot be uniformly distributed on whole active area, causes that fuel battery performance is low, the life-span is short; 3. the metal bipolar plate thickness with three lamellar fields is large, causes the volumetric power density of pile to decline; 4. the normal operation of pile needs hydro-thermal ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM, and electricity generation system is complicated, and causes the specific power of pile electricity generation system lower, and General System generating specific power is lower than 500W/kg.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell is proposed, the light-duty pile of described polymer dielectric film fuel cell comprises metal double polar plates, membrane electrode, fuel gas turnover distributing pipe, top end plate and bottom end plate, it is characterized in that
Described metal double polar plates consists of piece of metal corrugated plating and piece of metal plate welding or bonding, and in the perforate of metal double polar plates two ends, described membrane electrode is for distributing successively Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers in the both sides of one layer of polymeric dielectric film, its two ends have and metal double polar plates end positions, big or small same holes, the anode that membrane electrode and metal plate contact side are membrane electrode, with metal corrugated plate contact side be membrane electrode cathode; Described top end plate and bottom end plate two ends also have and metal double polar plates end positions, big or small same holes; Two measure-alike fuel gas turnover distributing pipes vertically insert in the hole at bottom end plate two ends and fix, the borehole jack at piece of metal bipolar plates two ends is on two fuel gas turnover distributing pipes, make in metal plate side direction, again the borehole jack at a slice membrane electrode two ends is passed in and out on distributing pipes at two fuel gas, make under membrane electrode anode side, be laminated on the flat board of metal double polar plates; And then the borehole jack at piece of metal bipolar plates two ends is passed in and out on distributing pipes at two fuel gas, making in metal plate side direction, corrugated plating faces down and contacts with the negative electrode of membrane electrode; According to this order, N sheet membrane electrode and N+1 sheet metal double polar plates are laminated, finally put top end plate, be assembled into pile; By the give vent to anger engagement edge sealing of distributing pipe, metal plate of membrane electrode, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe, fuel gas.
The anode that described membrane electrode and metal plate contact side are membrane electrode, with metal corrugated plate contact side be membrane electrode cathode.
Described fuel gas turnover distributing pipe comprises fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe and the fuel gas distributing pipe of giving vent to anger, and passes in and out distributing pipe contact site open fuel gas dispensing orifice at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas.
Described metal plate is positive plate, and metal corrugated plate is minus plate the coldplate of holding concurrently, and sheet metal thickness is 0.03-0.3 millimeter.
The gas diffusion layers of described membrane electrode is porous media.
Described polymer dielectric film is thin enhancement mode amberplex, and film thickness, in 5～50 micrometer ranges, is realized and being generated electricity from humidification.
Described metal double polar plates adopts surface treatment mode to carry out good conduction and corrosion resistant coating is processed, and comprises chemical plating, plating and PVD, Implantation and surface modification treatment technology; Wherein surface modification treatment technology is by metal double polar plates surface-coated layer of precious metal, titanium nitride and titanium carbide layer, ambrose alloy phosphorus layer, CN layer.
Described the give vent to anger engagement edge of distributing pipe, metal plate of membrane electrode, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe, fuel gas is sealed into a glue sealing, forms the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction; In pile, all such anode cavitys form the anode of the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell, are seal chamber, the equal blow-by of remainder.
The manufacture method of the light-duty pile of described polymer dielectric film fuel cell, is characterized in that, concrete preparation process is as follows:
1. utilize fuel gas turnover distributing pipe serial connection positioning metal bipolar plates and membrane electrode, fixedly electric pile structure;
2. membrane electrode anode sides is laminated in metal double polar plates platen surface, at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe contact site perforate, for fuel gas, passes in and out anode cavity participation electrochemical reaction;
3. adopt the engagement edge between some glue diaphragm seal electrode fuel gas turnover distributing pipe, metal double polar plates flat board, form the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction;
4. the metal corrugated plate side of metal double polar plates is laminated on to membrane electrode cathode side, what form electrochemical reaction connects open negative electrode cavity with atmosphere;
5. repeating step 2, step 3, step 4, step 2 successively, form Multilayer Film Electrode and metal double polar plates alternately laminates, the light-duty pile of anode seal, negative electrode opening.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows metal double polar plates only a side there is oxidant flow field, make metal bipolar board machining process very simple, cost is low, and the metal bipolar plate thickness with a lamellar field reduces greatly, and the volumetric power density of pile is declined; Anode-side at metal double polar plates is planar structure, the flow field forming without runner; Membrane electrode adopts porous gas diffusion layer to carry out fuel distribution, and reacting gas is uniformly distributed, and fuel battery performance is high, the life-span is long; Pile normally moves without hydro-thermal ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM, and electricity generation system is very simple, makes the specific power of pile electricity generation system very high, and general whole electricity generation system specific power can be up to 800W/kg; Fuel gas distributes the supply of employing distributing pipe, and without build common conduit on metal double polar plates, distribution of gas is even, air-tightness good; Need not seal element machining, the sealing of some glue has improved reliability and the batch production efficiency of pile widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is metal double polar plate structure schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the light-duty electric pile structure schematic diagram of polymer dielectric film fuel cell provided by the invention,
1-metal plate wherein; 2-metal corrugated plate; 3-bipolar plates; 4-polymer electrolytic; 5-Catalytic Layer; 6-gas diffusion layers; 7-membrane electrode; The sealing of 8-point glue; 9-fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe; The 10-fuel gas distributing pipe of giving vent to anger; 11-fuel gas dispensing orifice; 12-top end plate; 13-bottom end plate; 14-fuel gas turnover gas distributing pipe.
Embodiment
The invention provides the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell and manufacture method thereof,
Wherein the metal double polar plates 3 of the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell adopts piece of metal corrugated plating 2 and dull and stereotyped 1 welding of piece of metal or bonding to form metal double polar plates 3, on metal corrugated plate 2 and metal plate 1 all without punching press flow field, only rely on the runner of the protuberance formation cathode air of corrugated plating 2, by cross-ventilation, take into account heat radiation object simultaneously.In metal plate 1 side, utilize fuel gas height diffusion coefficient characteristic, by porous media, realize being uniformly distributed of fuel gas, need not punching press runner distribution fuel gas.In this metal double polar plates 3, without independent coolant runner, in metal corrugated plate 2 sides, utilize the hollow structure Forced Convection Air between the air flow channel of metal corrugated plate 2 protuberances to realize high efficiency and heat radiation.For improving the power output of fuel cell, N sheet membrane electrode can be assembled into pile by above-mentioned N+1 sheet metal double polar plates 3, improve output voltage.Below in conjunction with structural representation and specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Consult Fig. 1, the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell of the present invention and manufacture method thereof are further described.The structural representation of metal double polar plates 3 as shown in Figure 1, adopts piece of metal dull and stereotyped 1 and metal corrugated plate 2 welding or bonding mode to form metal double polar plates 3, and metal plate 1 is positive plate, and metal corrugated plate 2 is minus plate the coldplate of holding concurrently.Metallic sheet material is same as the prior art, can adopt stainless steel, titanium material and titanium alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy sheet.Sheet metal thickness is being controlled within the scope of 0.03～0.3 millimeter.The sheet material of the sheet material of metal plate 1 and metal corrugated plate 2 can be identical or different, and metal corrugated plate 2 can adopt metal plate 1 to be prepared from, and the concavo-convex width that ripple is alternate can be wide, also can be not wide.The runner that the concaveconvex structure of ripple and membrane electrode are built up is short, is conducive to promote that reaction air and cooling-air pass through fast, reduces resistance to mass tranfer and improves cooling effect.In addition, for reducing the contact resistance between metal double polar plates 3 and membrane electrode 7 and improving the decay resistance under fuel cell environment, metal plate 1 can adopt surface treatment mode to carry out good conduction with metal corrugated plate 2 and corrosion resistant coating is processed chemical plating, plating and PVD, Implantation and the surface modification treatment technology of comprising; Wherein surface modification treatment technology is by metal double polar plates surface-coated layer of precious metal, titanium nitride and titanium carbide layer, ambrose alloy phosphorus layer, CN layer.
With reference to Fig. 2, the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell of the present invention consists of metal double polar plates 3, membrane electrode 7 and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe 14, top end plate 12 and bottom end plate 13.Wherein, membrane electrode 7 is by one layer of polymeric dielectric film 4, and the two-layer Catalytic Layer 5 and gas diffusion layers 6 formations that are distributed in its both sides.Polymer dielectric film 4 is thin enhancement mode amberplex, film thickness is in 5～50 micrometer ranges, controlling diaphragm thickness is conducive to reduce internal resistance of fuel cell, simultaneously due to negative electrode Faraday water inverse osmosis faster, the hydration of film has also improved, thereby can make fuel cell just can realize from humidification and generating electricity by external humidification reacting gas.Two-layer catalysis 5 comprises cathode catalysis layer and anode catalyst layer, mainly by catalyst and amberlite lipoprotein solution, is prepared from, and at present, nanometer Pt, Pt alloy carrier type catalyst are the catalyst the most often adopting.Gas diffusion layers 6 comprises cathode gas diffusion layer and anode gas diffusion layer, mainly by porous carbon fiber substrate and microporous layers, formed, wherein porous carbon fiber substrate is as carbon paper or carbon cloth, thickness is 200～400 μ m, microporous layers adopts polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon black to be prepared from, thickness is in 100 μ m, and the main efficient mass transfer that promotes Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers that rises, avoids the effect of generating electrodes water logging.In the present invention, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and fuel gas are given vent to anger distributing pipe 10 in pile inside, above-mentioned membrane electrode 7 is serially connected with metal double polar plates 3, and by some glue sealing 8 formation integrated light piles.Fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and the fuel gas distributing pipe 10 of giving vent to anger comprises the serial connection of structure and the serial connection of fuel gas with being connected in series of membrane electrode 7 and metal double polar plates 3, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and fuel gas are given vent to anger on distributing pipe 10 and are fixed with successively membrane electrode 7 and metal double polar plates 3, the required fuel gas of membrane electrode 7 electrochemical reaction is supplied fuel by fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 by fuel gas dispensing orifice 11, membrane electrode 7 electrochemical reaction required airs are supplied with by the wavy channel connecting with atmosphere, the anode exhaust gas that electrochemical reaction produces is discharged through the fuel gas distributing pipe 10 of giving vent to anger by fuel gas dispensing orifice 11.The anode of the light-duty pile of the present invention is seal chamber, and remainder all need not seal.Anode seal is mainly carried out the give vent to anger metal plate 1 lateral edges contact position of distributing pipe 10, metal double polar plates 3 of membrane electrode 7 anode-side and fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and fuel gas a glue and is sealed, formation anode seal cavity by the sealing of glue.For improving the power output of fuel cell, N sheet membrane electrode can be assembled into pile by above-mentioned N+1 sheet metal double polar plates, improve output voltage.
With reference to Fig. 2, the electricity generating principle of the light-duty pile of the present invention can be divided into two kinds of principles according to the type difference of polymer dielectric, when polymer dielectric film 4 is during for cation-exchange membrane: fuel gas enters the anode-side between membrane electrode and the metal plate 1 of metal double polar plates 3 by fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and the fuel gas distributing pipe 10 of giving vent to anger, air arrives membrane electrode cathode side by metal corrugated plate 2 passages of metal double polar plates 3, in anode-side, fuel gas is dissociated into proton hydrate and electronics on anode catalyst surface, proton hydrate arrives negative electrode by cation-exchange membrane transmission, electronics flows through load by external circuit and arrives negative electrode.At the catalyst surface of negative electrode, oxygen molecule, in conjunction with the proton hydrate and the electronics that pass over from anode, generates hydrone, when polymer dielectric film 4 is during for anion-exchange membrane: the fuel gas distributing pipe 10 of giving vent to anger by fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe 9 and fuel gas enters the anode-side between membrane electrode 7 and metal double polar plates 3 flat boards 1, air arrives membrane electrode cathode side by bipolar plates corrugated plating 2 passages, in anode-side, fuel gas is dissociated into proton hydrate and electronics on anode catalyst surface, electronics flows through load by external circuit and arrives negative electrode and oxygen molecule generation hydroxyl, hydroxyl arrives anode by anion-exchange membrane transmission, catalyst surface at anode, hydroxyl and proton hydrate generate hydrone.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the thick titanium material of 0.03mm thin plate, strike out titanium material corrugated plating.By above-mentioned a slice titanium material corrugated plating together with a slice titanium material plate sheet welding.By PVD method, carry out plated surface TiN processing, form fuel battery metal double polar plate.Adopt two polytetrafluoro pipes to pass in and out distributing pipe as fuel gas, first that two polytetrafluoro pipes are vertically fixing, will after the above-mentioned metal double polar plates punching two ends of a slice, be serially connected on two polytetrafluoro pipes, and make corrugated surface downward.Then membrane electrode is laminated in metal double polar plates platen surface after the punching of relevant position, two ends, at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe contact site perforate, for fuel gas, passes in and out anode cavity participation electrochemical reaction.Adopt dispensing technology that membrane electrode and fuel gas are passed in and out to the engagement edge point glue sealing between distributing pipe, metal double polar plates flat board, form the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction.Equally, will after metal double polar plates punching, make corrugated plating side be laminated on membrane electrode cathode side, what form electrochemical reaction connects open negative electrode cavity with atmosphere.Repeat that above-mentioned steps forms Multilayer Film Electrode and metal double polar plates alternately laminates, the light-duty pile of anode seal, negative electrode opening.
Adopt hydrogen as fuel, air is as oxidant, under the mode of generating electricity from humidification at air cooling, more than the specific power of this light-duty pile can reach 900W/kg.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the thick 316L stainless sheet steel of 0.3mm, strike out corrugated plating.By above-mentioned a slice stainless steel wave card together with a slice titanium material plate sheet welding.By electroless plating method, carry out the processing of plated surface noble metal, form fuel battery metal double polar plate.The aluminum pipe that adopts two surface insulations to process passes in and out distributing pipe as fuel gas, first that two aluminum pipes are vertically fixing, will after the above-mentioned metal double polar plates punching two ends of a slice, be serially connected on two aluminum pipes, and makes corrugated surface downward.Then membrane electrode is laminated in metal double polar plates platen surface after the punching of relevant position, two ends, at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe contact site perforate, for fuel gas, passes in and out anode cavity participation electrochemical reaction.Adopt dispensing technology that membrane electrode and fuel gas are passed in and out to the engagement edge point glue sealing between distributing pipe, metal double polar plates flat board, form the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction.Equally, will after metal double polar plates punching, make corrugated plating side be laminated on membrane electrode cathode side, what form electrochemical reaction connects open negative electrode cavity with atmosphere.Repeat that above-mentioned steps forms Multilayer Film Electrode and metal double polar plates alternately laminates, the light-duty pile of anode seal, negative electrode opening.
Adopt hydrogen as fuel, air is as oxidant, under the mode of generating electricity from humidification at air cooling, more than the specific power of this light-duty pile can reach 800W/kg.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the thick 316L aluminium alloy sheet of 0.1mm, strike out corrugated plating.Above-mentioned a slice aluminium alloy corrugated plating and a slice aluminium alloy sheet are bonded together.By ion implantation, carry out surface C N processing, form fuel battery metal double polar plate.The titanium pipe that adopts two surface insulations to process passes in and out distributing pipe as fuel gas, first that two titanium pipes are vertically fixing, will after the above-mentioned metal double polar plates punching two ends of a slice, be serially connected on two titanium pipes, and makes corrugated surface downward.Then membrane electrode is laminated in metal double polar plates platen surface after the punching of relevant position, two ends, at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe contact site perforate, for fuel gas, passes in and out anode cavity participation electrochemical reaction.Adopt dispensing technology that membrane electrode and fuel gas are passed in and out to the engagement edge point glue sealing between distributing pipe, metal double polar plates flat board, form the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction.Equally, will after metal double polar plates punching, make corrugated plating side be laminated on membrane electrode cathode side, what form electrochemical reaction connects open negative electrode cavity with atmosphere.Repeat that above-mentioned steps forms Multilayer Film Electrode and metal double polar plates alternately laminates, the light-duty pile of anode seal, negative electrode opening.
Adopt hydrogen as fuel, air is as oxidant, under the mode of generating electricity from humidification at air cooling, more than the specific power of this light-duty pile can reach 850W/kg.
Claims (7)
1. the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell, the light-duty pile of described polymer dielectric film fuel cell comprises metal double polar plates, membrane electrode, fuel gas turnover distributing pipe, top end plate and bottom end plate, it is characterized in that,
Described metal double polar plates consists of piece of metal corrugated plating and piece of metal plate welding or bonding, and in the perforate of metal double polar plates two ends, described membrane electrode is for distributing successively Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers in the both sides of one layer of polymeric dielectric film, its two ends have and metal double polar plates end positions, big or small same holes, the anode that membrane electrode and metal plate contact side are membrane electrode, with metal corrugated plate contact side be membrane electrode cathode; Described top end plate and bottom end plate two ends also have and metal double polar plates end positions, big or small same holes; Two measure-alike fuel gas turnover distributing pipes vertically insert in the hole at bottom end plate two ends and fix, the borehole jack at piece of metal bipolar plates two ends is on two fuel gas turnover distributing pipes, make in metal plate side direction, again the borehole jack at a slice membrane electrode two ends is passed in and out on distributing pipes at two fuel gas, make under membrane electrode anode side, be laminated on the flat board of metal double polar plates; And then the borehole jack at piece of metal bipolar plates two ends is passed in and out on distributing pipes at two fuel gas, making in metal plate side direction, corrugated plating faces down and contacts with the negative electrode of membrane electrode; According to this order, N sheet membrane electrode and N+1 sheet metal double polar plates are laminated, finally put top end plate, be assembled into pile; By the give vent to anger engagement edge sealing of distributing pipe, metal plate of membrane electrode, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe, fuel gas;
Described fuel gas turnover distributing pipe comprises fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe and the fuel gas distributing pipe of giving vent to anger, and passes in and out distributing pipe contact site open fuel gas dispensing orifice at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas.
2. the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal plate is positive plate, and metal corrugated plate is minus plate the coldplate of holding concurrently, and sheet metal thickness is 0.03-0.3 millimeter.
3. the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the gas diffusion layers of described membrane electrode is porous media.
4. the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polymer dielectric film is thin enhancement mode amberplex, and film thickness, in 5～50 micrometer ranges, is realized and being generated electricity from humidification.
5. the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described metal double polar plates adopts surface treatment mode to carry out good conduction and corrosion resistant coating is processed, and comprises chemical plating, plating and PVD, Implantation and surface modification treatment technology; Wherein surface modification treatment technology is by metal double polar plates surface-coated layer of precious metal, titanium nitride and titanium carbide layer, ambrose alloy phosphorus layer, CN layer.
6. the light-duty pile of a kind of polymer dielectric film fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the give vent to anger engagement edge of distributing pipe, metal plate of membrane electrode, fuel gas air inlet distributing pipe, fuel gas is sealed into a glue sealing, forms the airtight anode cavity of electrochemical reaction; In pile, all such anode cavitys form the anode of the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell, are seal chamber, the equal blow-by of remainder.
7. a manufacture method for the light-duty pile of polymer dielectric film fuel cell, is characterized in that, concrete preparation process is as follows:
701. utilize fuel gas turnover distributing pipe serial connection positioning metal bipolar plates and membrane electrode, fixedly electric pile structure;
702. are laminated on membrane electrode anode sides in metal double polar plates platen surface, at membrane electrode anode and fuel gas turnover distributing pipe contact site perforate, for fuel gas, pass in and out anode cavity participation electrochemical reaction;
Engagement edge between the metal plate of 703. employing point glue diaphragm seal electrodes, fuel gas turnover distributing pipe, metal double polar plates, the airtight anode cavity of formation electrochemical reaction;
704. are laminated on membrane electrode cathode side by metal double polar plates corrugated plating side, and what form electrochemical reaction connects open negative electrode cavity with atmosphere;
705. repeating step 702, step 703, step 704, steps 702 successively, form Multilayer Film Electrode and metal double polar plates alternately laminates, the light-duty pile of anode seal, negative electrode opening.
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| CN111952615A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-17 | 浙江大学 | Arrangement structure of fuel cell fine flow field for enhancing mass transfer |
| CN112803054A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-14 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Electrochemical reaction device and manufacturing method thereof |
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