CN214014910U

CN214014910U - Bionic curved surface subsoiler

Info

Publication number: CN214014910U
Application number: CN202021340035.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张丽君; 张哲�; 邓日辉; 洪军; 张帆; 卫武权; 李存旭
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2020-07-09
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic curved surface subsoiler, which comprises a trapezoidal shovel tip, a curved surface shovel column and a shovel column reinforcing plate. The curved subsoiler shovel column comprises a curved part and a plane part; the curved surface part is formed by twisting a straight line which is always parallel to the xoy plane along a guide curve; the included angle between the plane of the guide curve and the plane xoz is

(ii) a The initial direction of the straight line is consistent with the direction of the x axis; the derivative curve is a fitted bear paw bionic power curve, and the equation is

. This bionical subsoiler has reduced the atress of subsoiler along shovel post direction and perpendicular shovel cylinder effectively to showing and reducing shovel post bending, torsion and cracked effort, increased the reliability of shovel post.

Description

Bionic curved surface subsoiler

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a bionic curved surface subsoiler.

Background

The soil deep-loosening operation is a brand-new cultivation mode in the technical field of agricultural cultivation, a deep-loosening machine is one of protective cultivation machines, and the soil after deep loosening has obvious effects of water storage, soil moisture conservation, yield increase and income increase. Compared with the traditional subsoiler, the curved subsoiler has the advantages that the contact surface of a subsoiler pillar and soil is larger, and the curved surface is easier to dig, so that the curved subsoiler has better soil digging and soil crushing effects, and is widely used on subsoilers in recent years. However, the subsoiler has great working resistance in work, so that the subsoiler column is easy to break when meeting hard obstacles in the field sometimes, thereby affecting the reliability of operation.

The brown bear is one of animals in nature and good at digging a cave, and the claw and toe structure of the brown bear is convenient for the brown bear to construct a hibernation cave and prey on animals located underground. In the digging process of the brown bear, the motion mode of the claw and the toe of the brown bear is very similar to the working process of the subsoiler, namely, the brown bear mainly moves horizontally and cuts up soil through the movement of the claw and the toe, which is the basis for designing the curved-surface subsoiler pillar by the bionic bear claw.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: the utility model provides a novel bionical curved surface subsoiler, when guaranteeing the depth of cultivation, reduce the atress of subsoiler along shovel post direction and perpendicular shovel cylinder effectively to show ground and reduce shovel post bending and twist reverse, cracked effort, increase the reliability of shovel post.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a bionic curved surface subsoiler is characterized by comprising a curved surface shovel column 1, a shovel column reinforcing plate 2 and a trapezoidal shovel tip 3; the shovel post reinforcing plate is fixedly connected with the curved shovel post; the curved shovel column and the shovel column reinforcing plate are fixedly connected to the trapezoidal shovel tip. The curved subsoiler shovel column comprises a curved part and a plane part; the curved surface part is formed by twisting a straight line which is always parallel to the xoy plane along a guide curve. The initial direction of the straight line is consistent with the direction of the x axis; in the twisting process, the included angle between the straight line and the x-axis direction is linearly changed along with the height, and the maximum change angle is 1 degree. The included angle between the plane of the guide curve and the plane xoz is

。

Greater than the dynamic friction angle of soil to steel

. The included angle between the lower cutting edge of the trapezoidal shovel tip and the x-axis direction is

。

The invention is also characterized in that the guide curve is formed by amplifying a bionic curve formed by fitting a curve of the bear paw by 1.47 times, and the equation is as follows:

wherein

The value range of (A) is 57-142 mm,

the value range of (A) is 98.8-252.2 mm.

The ratio of the height h to the opening degree l of the guide curve is 1.7-2.1, and the included angle between the tangent line of the upper end point and the plumb line is

，

Get

，

，

An angle is set for the shovel tip.

The plane of the curved surface part is vertical to the lower cutting edge of the trapezoidal shovel tip and is positioned at a distance L/2 away from the shovel tip.

The forming principle of the working curved surface of the shovel post reinforcing plate is the same as that of the curved surface part of the shovel post of the curved surface subsoiling shovel, and the height of the shovel post reinforcing plate is also the same as that of the curved surface of the shovel post.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the bionic curved-surface subsoiler with the bear claws effectively reduces the tillage resistance of soil during operation of the subsoiler in the working process, particularly reduces the stress of the subsoiler along the direction of a shovel post and the direction of a vertical shovel post, thereby obviously reducing the bending, twisting and breaking acting force of the shovel post, increasing the reliability of the shovel post and effectively reducing the occurrence of agricultural machine accidents. Compared with the traditional subsoiler, the bionic curved surface subsoiler provided by the invention has the advantages that the plough layer is broken, and the plough lifting effect is realized, so that the soil loosening effect is better.

Symbol mark

-the angle between the plane of the derivative curve and the plane xoz;

-the friction angle of the soil against the steel;

-the angle of the lower edge to the x-axis direction;

-the angle of the tangent to the upper end point of the derivative with respect to the vertical;

-a blade tip setting angle; opening of an l-lead curve; h-lead curve height; s-initial end straight line length;

-the angle between the two ends of the curve and the tangent; l-two shovel edge

Distance in angular direction.

Drawings

FIG. 1: front view of curved surface bionic subsoiler in embodiment of the invention

FIG. 2: left view of curved surface bionic sub-soiling shovel in embodiment of the invention

FIG. 3: the invention-the position of the guide curve in the embodiment is schematic

FIG. 4: invention-schematic drawing of pilot curve in embodiment

Description of reference numerals:

1-curved surface shovel column; 2-shovel column reinforcing plate; 3-trapezoidal shovel tip; 4-lower edge; 5-a line of wires; 6-lead curve; 7-lead curve plane.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples of design, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are intended to illustrate and not to limit the invention.

The bionic curved surface subsoiling shovel structurally integrates the structural characteristics of the conventional subsoiling shovel and a furrow plough, comprises shovel columns and shovel tip characteristics, and has a curved surface similar to a plough body of the furrow plough.

The bionic curved surface subsoiler is fixedly connected with a rack through bolts, and the rack is connected with a traction machine. Under the combined action of soil resistance, gravity, tractor traction and proper working speed, when the subsoiler reaches the working depth after entering the soil, the subsoiler and the soil are sheared and subjected to friction force, so that relative displacement occurs, and the soil bottom layer is crushed and loosened.

As shown in fig. 1, the curved shovel column and the curved surface part of the shovel column reinforcing plate are matched together and then connected together through a bolt; the same protrusion is arranged on the lower portions of the curved surface shovel column 1 and the shovel column reinforcing plate 2, the trapezoidal shovel tip 3 is provided with a square groove with a size matched with the size, the protrusion of the curved surface shovel column 1 and the shovel column reinforcing plate 2 is just embedded into the square groove, and then the curved surface shovel column 1, the shovel column reinforcing plate 2 and the shovel column reinforcing plate are fixedly connected together through two spigot pins. After the fixed connection is completed, the subsoiler is connected with the frame as a whole.

Regarding the specific size design of the curved subsoiler, a design method integrating a furrow plough and a subsoiler is required.

The deep scarification depth needs to be designed according to the working position of the agricultural implement; for example, the thickness of the farmland plough layer in Shaanxi province is between 15cm and 30 cm; the average thickness of the soil plough base layer of the whole province is close to 20 cm. Therefore, the tillage depth of the subsoiler should be between 25cm and 35 cm. The selection of the subsoiling width needs to be determined according to the ridge distance and the root width range of the crop root system. Therefore, on the premise of meeting the cultivation effect, the cultivation width can be set to be 12-15 cm by combining the design experience of agricultural implements for many years in China; the tilling depth is set to 25cm-35 cm. Different depths and widths can be met by adjusting the distance between the deep loosening parts and the hydraulic system on the premise of meeting the cultivation effect.

As shown in fig. 3, the curved subsoiler mast comprises a curved portion and a flat portion, the curved portion being formed by a straight wire twisted along a lead curve 6. The included angle between the plane of the guide curve and the plane xoz is

。

Greater than the dynamic friction angle of soil to steel

Namely, when the trapezoid shovel tip is horizontally placed and the longest side of the trapezoid shovel tip is consistent with the x-axis direction, the plane where the lead curve is located is perpendicular to the direction of the lower edge 4 of the trapezoid shovel tip.

The formation process of the derivative curve is described in detail below:

as shown in fig. 4, the derivative curve 6 is formed by amplifying a bionic curve formed by curve fitting of the bear paw by 1.47 times, and the equation is as follows:

wherein

The value range of (A) is 57-142 mm,

the value range of (A) is 98.8-252.2 mm. Opening degree l, height h and shovel tip installation angle of guide curve 6

Linear length s at the beginning and angle between tangents at two ends of the curve

All are determined by the agricultural technical standard of the plough body curved surface design.

The height h of the guide curve 6 is 230mm, and the method is characterized in that h is related to the cultivation depth of the subsoiler, and the cultivation depth of the subsoiler is 250-350mm according to the agricultural technical standard, so that the height h of the guide curve 6 is 200-250 mm.

The opening l of the guide curve 6 is 135mm, and the subsoiler is characterized in that the subsoiler mainly loosens the soil but does not turn the soil, so that when the height h of the guide curve 6 is fixed, the smaller the opening l is, the steeper the curved surface is, the soil crushing capability is strong, and the soil turning capability is weak, so that the ratio of the height h to the opening l is larger than that of a traditional furrow plough, and the design choice is 1.7-2.1.

Included angle of tangent line

By

And

is determined, i.e. is

(ii) a Because the curved surface subsoiler shovel column is formed by smoothly connecting the curved surface part and the plane part, the straight line is tangent to the guide curve 6, which is beneficial to soil crushing.

After the parameters are determined, the original bear paw is fitted and corrected to obtain the derivative curve 6 of the invention.

As shown in fig. 3, in a cartesian three-dimensional coordinate system, the position of the trapezoidal shovel point is set as the origin of coordinates, the longest side direction of the trapezoidal shovel point is the x-axis direction, and the horizontal left direction is the positive direction of the y-axis; the angle between the plane of the lead curve 6 and the plane xoz is

The straight line 5 is in the xoy plane. The plane of the guide curve 6 is vertical to the lower cutting edge of the trapezoidal shovel tip and is positioned at a distance of L/2 from the shovel tip.

The straight line 5 forms the curved surface part of the subsoiler in the process of twisting along the guide curve 6, the included angle between the straight line 5 and the x-axis direction is changed linearly along with the height, and the maximum change angle is 1 degree.

The plane part of the curved shovel column 1 is selected according to the cultivation depth, and the length of the general plane part is 250-300 mm.

The forming principle of the shovel column reinforcing plate 2 is consistent with that of the curved surface shovel column 1, and the shovel column reinforcing plate mainly plays a role in protecting the shovel column.

It should be understood that the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention may be equally replaced or changed by those skilled in the art, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. .

Claims

1. A bionic curved surface subsoiler is characterized by comprising a curved surface shovel column (1), a shovel column reinforcing plate (2) and a trapezoidal shovel tip (3); the curved shovel column comprises a curved part and a plane part; the curved surface part is formed by a straight line which is always parallel to the xoy plane and is lifted and twisted along a guide curve, the initial direction of the straight line is consistent with the direction of an x axis, the guide curve is formed by amplifying a bionic curve for extracting the bear paw by 1.47 times, and the equation is as follows:

wherein

The value range of (A) is 57-142 mm,

the value range of (1) is 98.8-252.2 mm, and the plane of the derivative curve is formed with the xoz plane

，

Greater than the kinetic friction angle of the soil to the steel.

2. A bionic curved subsoiler according to claim 1, characterised in that the ratio of the height h of the curve of the curved blade (1) to the opening i is between 1.7 and 2.1, the angle between the tangent of its upper end point and the vertical line being defined as

，

In the range of

，

，

An angle is set for the shovel tip.

3. The bionic curved surface subsoiler of claim 1, characterized in that the curved surface of the curved surface shovel pillar (1) is perpendicular to the lower cutting edge of the trapezoidal shovel tip (3) and is located at a distance of L/2 from the shovel tip.

4. A bionic curved subsoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the working curved surface of the shovel post reinforcing plate (2) is formed in the same principle as the curved surface portion of the curved shovel post (1).