CN213983030U - Electric impedance type and distributed optical fiber type combined pipeline monitoring system - Google Patents
Electric impedance type and distributed optical fiber type combined pipeline monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pipeline monitoring system that resistance formula and distribution optical fiber formula combined together, including light source module, signal acquisition module, the sensing optical cable, host system and monitoring module, light source module is used for sending laser pulse transmission to the sensing optical cable, produce the backscattered light via the sensing optical cable, the backscattered light disposes the temperature information of optic fibre monitoring point, the backscattered light passes through wavelength division multiplexing module and separates into stokes light and anti-stokes light, stokes light and anti-stokes light catch the signal via photoelectric detector then send for signal acquisition module, signal acquisition module carries out signal processing and analysis with above-mentioned signal transmission to host system, finally, upload and carry out analysis and monitoring for monitoring module to the running state of each regional pipeline. The utility model discloses can utilize pipeline resistance value to change and carry out the pipeline leakage control to city heating power pipe network, industry pipe network, realize real-time supervision and the accurate location of pipe network leakage point.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a pipeline leakage monitoring technology field, concretely relates to pipeline monitoring system that resistance formula and distribution optical fiber formula combined together.
Background
Pipeline transportation is an important mode, and pipelines have aging problems due to long-term work and low quality standards, so that the possibility of leakage is very high. At present, the urbanization construction pace is faster and faster, and the construction of subways, roads and houses also has potential threats to water supply networks. Secondly, some construction units do not handle procedures according to legal procedures in the process of construction operation, and accidentally injure an underground water supply pipe network, so that accidents such as pipeline breakage and the like are caused.
The leakage of the pipeline has great influence on industrial production and resident life, on one hand, the pipeline leakage increases the cost of pipeline maintenance, replacement and transmission and distribution, on the other hand, the road needs to be excavated, matched public facilities are damaged, and economic loss and resource waste are caused. When the pipeline is leaked and is not found for a long time, the traffic safety of buildings and road surfaces is influenced, and sometimes even the road surface is collapsed, so that the damage of substances and the casualties are caused. Therefore, it is important to perform effective monitoring of the pipeline.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention provides a pipeline monitoring system combining an electrical impedance type and a distributed optical fiber type.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the pipeline monitoring system combining the resistance type and the distributed optical fiber type comprises a light source module, a signal acquisition module, a sensing optical cable, a main control module and a monitoring module, wherein the light source module is used for emitting laser pulses to be transmitted to the sensing optical cable, backward scattering light is generated through the sensing optical cable, the backward scattering light is configured with temperature information of an optical fiber monitoring point, the backward scattering light is separated into Stokes light and anti-Stokes light through a wavelength division multiplexing module, the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light capture signals through a photoelectric detector and then are transmitted to the signal acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to the main control module by the signal acquisition module to be processed and analyzed, and finally the signals are uploaded to the monitoring module to analyze and monitor the running state of pipelines in each area.
The utility model discloses in, preferably, monitoring module includes main control server, alarm device and display screen, main control server is used for receiving and comes from signal after main control module handles, if the temperature information of optic fibre monitoring point appears unusually then to alarm device sends alarm command, so that alarm device in time carries out and reports an emergency and asks for help or increased vigilance operating instruction, and passes through the temperature information of display screen real-time display optic fibre monitoring point.
The utility model discloses in, preferably, laser pulse transmits to during the sensing optical cable, light source module to signal acquisition module sends synchronous trigger signal, and passes through host system foundation is received synchronous trigger signal with the difference of the time point of backscattered light is judged and is obtained backscattered light is in position on the sensing optical fiber.
The utility model discloses in, preferably, the photoelectric detector with still be equipped with the signal conversion module between the signal acquisition module, the signal conversion module be used for with the optical signal conversion that photoelectric detector received is for signal transmission for signal acquisition module.
The utility model discloses in, preferably, the signal conversion module includes boost module, diode and signal amplification circuit, the boost module be used for the diode provides 48V reverse bias, the diode is used for converting light signal into the signal of telecommunication, signal amplification circuit is used for carrying out the plastic and enlarging with the signal.
The present invention provides a temperature control module, which can provide the temperature condition for the diode to work normally.
The utility model discloses in, preferably, wavelength division multiplexing module includes optical transmission end, optical relay amplification end, optical receiving terminal and optical monitoring channel, optical transmission end is used for converting the multichannel light signal that comes from different terminals into the light signal of specific wavelength separately through optical repeater respectively after, synthesizes combination light signal through the optical combiner, and rethread optical power amplifier amplifies the output and gives optic fibre, optical relay amplification end is used for realizing enlargiing the same gain to different wavelength optical signal, optical receiving terminal is used for the main channel light signal of transmission attenuation via leading optical amplifier earlier, and the optical signal of different specific wavelengths is separated out from main channel light signal to the reuse wave splitter, optical monitoring channel is used for the transmission conditions of each channel in the monitored control system.
In the present invention, preferably, the photodetector is a P-N junction type photodetector.
In the present invention, preferably, the wavelength of the light source module is 1550 nm.
In the present invention, preferably, the transmission isolation of the wavelength division multiplexing module is greater than or equal to 40 decibels.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that: through the mutual cooperation of a light source module, a signal acquisition module, a sensing optical cable, a main control module and a monitoring module, the light source module is used for emitting laser pulses to be transmitted to the sensing optical cable, the back scattering light is generated through the sensing optical cable and is configured with temperature information of an optical fiber monitoring point, the back scattering light is separated into Stokes light and anti-Stokes light through a wavelength division multiplexing module, the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light capture signals through a photoelectric detector and then are sent to the signal acquisition module, the signal acquisition module transmits the signals to the main control module for signal processing and analysis, finally the signals are uploaded to the monitoring module to analyze and monitor the running state of pipelines in each area, the pipeline leakage monitoring is carried out on an urban heat power pipe network and an industrial pipe network by utilizing the change of the resistance value of the pipelines, and the information monitored by a central monitoring device can be uploaded to the monitoring module through a wireless network, and can realize real-time supervision and the accurate location of pipe network leakage point, in time record the storage and generate the analysis result with location information and the fault point information that the monitoring obtained, convenient to use, convenient to maintain.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit block diagram of the electric impedance type and distributed optical fiber type combined pipeline monitoring system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wavelength division multiplexing module of the electric impedance type and distributed optical fiber type combined pipeline monitoring system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the utility model provides a pipeline monitoring system that electric impedance formula and distribution optical fiber formula combined together, including light source module, signal acquisition module, the sensing optical cable, host system and monitoring module, light source module is used for sending laser pulse transmission to sensing optical cable, produce the backscattered light via sensing optical cable, the backscattered light disposes the temperature information of optic fibre monitoring point, the backscattered light passes through the wavelength division multiplexing module and separates into stokes light and anti-stokes light, stokes light and anti-stokes light catch the signal via photoelectric detector and then send for signal acquisition module, signal acquisition module carries out signal processing and analysis with above-mentioned signal transmission to host system, finally, upload and carry out analysis and monitoring for monitoring module to the running state of each regional pipeline. The system demodulates temperature information by Stokes light and anti-Stokes light by utilizing a reverse Raman scattering principle in the optical fiber, and can position the whole optical fiber by an optical time domain reflection principle to obtain the temperature information in the whole sensing optical fiber. Specifically, timing is started when a laser pulse enters a sensing optical cable, a synchronous trigger signal is simultaneously given to a signal acquisition module, the refractive index distribution of a fiber core of the sensing optical cable is uneven, the laser pulse is continuously scattered while being transmitted forwards in the sensing optical cable, the scattered signals are received by the signal acquisition module at different time points, then a main control module judges and obtains the position of a backscattering signal in the sensing optical cable according to the time point difference value of the synchronous trigger signal and the backscattering signal, the backscattering signal is accumulated and averaged through multiple acquisition results, and the data is transmitted to a monitoring module through the main control module to be analyzed and processed to obtain a detection curve, the curve can reflect the optical power of the backscattering signal of each point in the optical fiber, whether each point of the sensing optical cable has the problem of fracture or serious attenuation can be judged through the curve, and the maintenance of an operator is facilitated, the time that an optical signal enters an optical cable, is subjected to backscattering and then returns to a signal acquisition module is recorded as t, the distance of the optical signal at the time is recorded as 2L, 2L is v t, v is the propagation speed of the light in the optical cable, v is c/n, n represents the refractive index of a fiber core, and c represents the propagation speed of the light in vacuum, that is, the position L of a positioning scattering point can be obtained only by measuring and obtaining the time t that the backscattered light reaches an incident end face, so that the fault point in the sensing optical cable is positioned.
In this embodiment, the monitoring module further includes a main control server, an alarm device, and a display screen, where the main control server is configured to receive a signal processed by the main control module, and send an alarm command to the alarm device if the temperature information of the optical fiber monitoring point is abnormal, so that the alarm device executes an alarm operation instruction in time, and displays the temperature information of the optical fiber monitoring point in real time through the display screen. The running state data of the pipeline is transmitted to a database by using a wireless technology, the current running state of the pipeline and the pipeline leakage data are compared and analyzed through a main control server in a monitoring module, the result obtained by analysis is displayed through a display screen to be convenient for an operator to check in real time, meanwhile, the main control server sends an alarm command to an alarm device according to the data of a leakage point, the alarm device executes an alarm instruction, and the alarm device can adopt a buzzer, an indicator lamp or the combination of the buzzer and the indicator lamp to prompt and alarm the leakage fault point of the pipeline in an acousto-optic mode so that the operator can find and process the leakage fault point in time.
In this embodiment, further, when the laser pulse is transmitted to the sensing optical cable, the light source module sends a synchronous trigger signal to the signal acquisition module, and the position of the backscattered light on the sensing optical fiber is determined and obtained by the main control module according to a difference between time points of receiving the synchronous trigger signal and the backscattered light.
In the demodulation process, the intensity of Stokes light and the intensity of anti-Stokes light are very weak, the signal to noise ratio of directly demodulated temperature information is poor, the system performance is influenced, if high performance is to be obtained, data needs to be processed, a proper signal processing method needs to be selected according to the characteristics of signals, and the signal to noise ratio in the system can be effectively improved only in this way. In this embodiment, a signal conversion module is further disposed between the photodetector and the signal acquisition module, and the signal conversion module is configured to convert the optical signal received by the photodetector into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the signal acquisition module. The signal conversion module is arranged to convert optical signals received by the photoelectric detector into electric signals firstly and then transmit the electric signals to the signal acquisition module, and the backscattered light is very weak through anti-Stokes light signals of the wavelength division multiplexing module, so that the requirement on the sampling precision of the signal acquisition module is relatively high, and the signal acquisition module can adopt a DTS high-speed data acquisition card to meet the actual requirement on the sampling rate.
In this embodiment, the signal conversion module further includes a voltage boosting module, a diode and a signal amplifying circuit, the voltage boosting module is used for providing a reverse bias voltage of 48V for the diode, the diode is used for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the signal amplifying circuit is used for shaping and amplifying the signal. The boost module is used for ensuring the normal work of the diode, the diode can adopt an avalanche diode to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and the signal amplification circuit is used for receiving a weak electrical signal and amplifying the signal.
In this embodiment, the signal conversion module further includes a temperature control module, and the temperature control module is configured to provide a temperature condition required for normal operation for the diode, so that the diode operates normally.
In this embodiment, the wavelength division multiplexing module further includes an optical transmitting end, an optical relay amplifying end, an optical receiving end, and an optical monitoring channel, where the optical transmitting end is configured to convert multiple optical signals from different terminals into optical signals with respective specific wavelengths through an optical repeater, synthesize a combined optical signal through an optical combiner, amplify the combined optical signal through an optical power amplifier, and output the combined optical signal to an optical fiber, the optical relay amplifying end is configured to amplify the same gain of the optical signals with different wavelengths, the optical receiving end is configured to amplify a main channel optical signal attenuated by a pre-optical amplifier, and then separate the optical signals with different specific wavelengths from the main channel optical signal through a wave splitter, and the optical monitoring channel is configured to monitor transmission conditions of each channel in the system.
In the embodiment, further, the photodetector adopts a P-N junction type photodetector, the P-N junction type photodetector mainly utilizes the avalanche multiplication effect of carriers to amplify the photoelectric signal so as to improve the detection sensitivity, and a larger reverse bias voltage is applied during the operation, so that the photoelectric signal reaches an avalanche multiplication state; its light absorption region is substantially identical to the multiplication region. The P-N junction is added with proper high reverse bias voltage, so that photogenerated carriers in a depletion layer are accelerated by a strong electric field to obtain enough high kinetic energy, the photogenerated carriers collide with crystal lattices to ionize to generate new electron-hole pairs, and the carriers continuously cause new collision ionization to cause avalanche multiplication of the carriers to obtain current gain.
In this embodiment, further, the wavelength of the light source module is 1550 nm, and the light source module with the wavelength of 1550 nm is adopted to maximize the optical power of the anti-stokes light scattered back from the tail of the sensing optical cable.
In this embodiment, further, the transmission isolation of the wavelength division multiplexing module is greater than or equal to 40 db, so that the wavelength division multiplexing module maintains its stability in long-term operation.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation and working process as follows: two copper wires are embedded in the polyurethane wood layer, one is a tinned copper wire, the other is a bare copper wire, the pipeline leakage monitoring is carried out on the urban heat distribution pipe network and the industrial pipe network through the change of the resistance value of the pipeline, the light source module is used for emitting laser pulses to be transmitted to the sensing optical cable through the mutual matching of the light source module, the signal acquisition module, the sensing optical cable, the main control module and the monitoring module, the method comprises the steps that back scattered light is generated through a sensing optical cable, the back scattered light is provided with temperature information of optical fiber monitoring points and is separated into Stokes light and anti-Stokes light through a wavelength division multiplexing module, the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light capture signals through a photoelectric detector and then are sent to a signal acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to a main control module by the signal acquisition module to be processed and analyzed, and finally the signals are uploaded to a monitoring module to analyze and monitor the running state of pipelines in each area. The system demodulates temperature information by Stokes light and anti-Stokes light by utilizing a reverse Raman scattering principle in the optical fiber, and can position the whole optical fiber by an optical time domain reflection principle to obtain the temperature information in the whole sensing optical fiber. Specifically, timing is started when a laser pulse enters a sensing optical cable, a synchronous trigger signal is simultaneously given to a signal acquisition module, the refractive index distribution of a fiber core of the sensing optical cable is uneven, the laser pulse is continuously scattered while being transmitted forwards in the sensing optical cable, the scattered signals are received by the signal acquisition module at different time points, then a main control module judges and obtains the position of a backscattering signal in the sensing optical cable according to the time point difference value of the synchronous trigger signal and the backscattering signal, the backscattering signal is accumulated and averaged through multiple acquisition results, and the data is transmitted to a monitoring module through the main control module to be analyzed and processed to obtain a detection curve, the curve can reflect the optical power of the backscattering signal of each point in the optical fiber, whether each point of the sensing optical cable has the problem of fracture or serious attenuation can be judged through the curve, and the maintenance of an operator is facilitated, the time that an optical signal enters an optical cable, is subjected to backscattering and then returns to a signal acquisition module is recorded as t, the distance of the optical signal at the time is recorded as 2L, 2L is v t, v is the propagation speed of the light in the optical cable, v is c/n, n represents the refractive index of a fiber core, and c represents the propagation speed of the light in vacuum, that is, the position L of a positioning scattering point can be obtained only by measuring and obtaining the time t that the backscattered light reaches an incident end face, so that the fault point in the sensing optical cable is positioned. When the temperature difference between the leaked tap water and the ambient environment of the optical fiber is 1 ℃ or more, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system can judge whether the tap water leaks or not and position the leaking position; when two or more leakage points exist at the same time and the distance between the two leakage points is more than 1 meter, the distributed temperature measurement system can distinguish the number of the leakage points; when the contact length of the leaked tap water and the sensing optical fiber is increased from 1m to 2m, the waveform of the detection curve of the temperature measuring system is widened and the amplitude is increased. And formulating a pipeline leakage alarm system according to the analysis of the monitoring output waveform, and matching with a Raman temperature measurement system to be applied to the monitoring of the pipeline leakage. Under certain power conditions, the alarm device needs larger temperature difference along with the increase of the distance to identify the position of the leakage point of the water pipeline. At the same location, as the average optical power output by the light source increases, the alarm system can identify the temperature decrease required from the location of the water pipe leak. When the contact length of tap water and sensing optical fiber becomes long, the temperature package amplitude of the detection curve of the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system also becomes large, the temperature difference of water and an external medium can be identified by the pipeline leakage alarm system to become small, information monitored by the central monitoring equipment can be uploaded to the monitoring module through a wireless network, real-time monitoring and accurate positioning of a pipe network leakage point can be realized, positioning information and fault point information obtained by monitoring are recorded and stored in time, and an analysis result is generated.
On one hand, the wavelength division multiplexing module is required to suppress the output of rayleigh scattered light, and on the other hand, the stokes light and the anti-stokes light of backscattered light are effectively filtered out, so that certain requirements are required for the transmission isolation of the wavelength division multiplexing module, the transmission isolation of the wavelength division multiplexing module is more than or equal to 40 db so as to ensure that the stability of the wavelength division multiplexing module is maintained in the long-term use process, wherein the wavelength division multiplexing module comprises an optical transmitting end, an optical relay amplifying end, an optical receiving end and an optical monitoring channel, the optical transmitting end is used for converting multi-path optical signals from different terminals into optical signals with respective specific wavelengths by an optical repeater respectively, then synthesizing a combined optical signal by an optical combiner, amplifying and outputting the combined optical signal to an optical fiber through an optical power amplifier for transmission, the optical relay amplifying end is used for realizing the same gain amplification of optical signals with different wavelengths, and the optical receiving end is used for transmitting attenuated main channel optical signals through a front-end optical amplifier, and then, the optical signal with different specific wavelengths is separated from the optical signal of the main channel by the wave separator, and the optical monitoring channel is used for monitoring the transmission condition of each channel in the system.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.
Claims (10)
1. The pipeline monitoring system combining the electric resistance type and the distributed optical fiber type is characterized by comprising a light source module, a signal acquisition module, a sensing optical cable, a main control module and a monitoring module, wherein the light source module is used for emitting laser pulses to be transmitted to the sensing optical cable, backward scattering light is generated through the sensing optical cable and is configured with temperature information of optical fiber monitoring points, the backward scattering light is separated into Stokes light and anti-Stokes light through a wavelength division multiplexing module, the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light are captured through a photoelectric detector and then transmitted to the signal acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to the main control module by the signal acquisition module to be processed and analyzed, and finally the signals are uploaded to the monitoring module to analyze and monitor the running state of pipelines in each area.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring module comprises a main control server, an alarm device and a display screen, the main control server is configured to receive the processed signal from the main control module, and send an alarm command to the alarm device if the temperature information of the optical fiber monitoring point is abnormal, so that the alarm device executes an alarm operation command in time and displays the temperature information of the optical fiber monitoring point in real time through the display screen.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the laser pulse is transmitted to the sensing optical fiber cable, the light source module sends a synchronous trigger signal to the signal acquisition module, and the main control module determines and obtains the position of the backscattered light on the sensing optical fiber according to a difference between a time point of receiving the synchronous trigger signal and a time point of receiving the backscattered light.
4. The combined electrical impedance and distributed optical fiber pipeline monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a signal conversion module is further disposed between the photodetector and the signal acquisition module, and the signal conversion module is configured to convert an optical signal received by the photodetector into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the signal acquisition module.
5. The combined resistively and distributed fiber optic pipeline monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the signal conversion module comprises a boost module for providing a 48V reverse bias voltage to the diode, a diode for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a signal amplification circuit for shaping and amplifying the signal.
6. The combined resistively and distributed fiber optic pipeline monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the signal conversion module further comprises a temperature control module for providing normal operating temperature conditions for the diodes.
7. The combined electrical impedance and distribution fiber optic pipeline monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the wavelength division multiplexing module comprises an optical transmitting end, an optical relay amplifying end, an optical receiving end and an optical monitoring channel, the optical transmitting end is used for converting the multiple paths of optical signals from different terminals into optical signals with respective specific wavelengths through the optical transponder, the combined optical signal is synthesized by the optical multiplexer, amplified by the optical power amplifier and output to the optical fiber, the optical relay amplifying end is used for amplifying the same gain of optical signals with different wavelengths, the optical receiving end is used for amplifying the main channel optical signal attenuated by transmission through the preposed optical amplifier, then the optical signal with different specific wavelengths is separated from the main channel optical signal through the wave splitter, and the optical monitoring channel is used for monitoring the transmission condition of each channel in the system.
8. The combined electrical impedance and distribution fiber pipeline monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the photodetector is a P-N junction photodetector.
9. The combined electrical impedance and distributed fiber optic pipeline monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the alarm device is a buzzer and/or an indicator light.
10. The combined resistively and distributively fiber pipeline monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wavelength division multiplexing module has a transmission isolation of 40 db or more.
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| CN114198645A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-18 | 天津求实飞博科技有限公司 | Heating power pipeline leakage monitoring system |
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